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New Europe College Yearbook 2015-2016

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New Europe College Yearbook 2015-2016 New Europe College ûWHIDQ2GREOHMD Program Yearbook 2015-2016 Program Yearbook 2015-2016 Program Yearbook ûWHIDQ2GREOHMD 1>4B55151>E 75?B791>18E91> F1C9<5=9819?<1BE NEW EUROPE COLLEGE NEW EUROPE CRISTIANA PAPAHAGI VANEZIA PÂRLEA 9E<9EB1 9E 1>4B51CCD1=1D5D561> ISSN 1584-0298 D85?4?B5E<95B9EB?CD£C CRIS New Europe College Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2015-2016 This volume was published within the Human Resources Program – PN II, implemented with the support of the Ministry of National Education – The Executive Agency for Higher Education and Research Funding (MEN – UEFISCDI), project code PN–II– RU–BSO-2015 EDITORIAL BOARD Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Andrei PLEŞU, President of the New Europe Foundation, Professor of Philosophy of Religion, Bucharest; former Minister of Culture and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania Dr. Valentina SANDU-DEDIU, Rector, Professor of Musicology, National University of Music, Bucharest Dr. Anca OROVEANU, Academic Coordinator, Professor of Art History, National University of Arts, Bucharest Dr. Irina VAINOVSKI-MIHAI, Publications Coordinator, Professor of Arab Studies, “Dimitrie Cantemir” Christian University, Bucharest Copyright – New Europe College 2017 ISSN 1584-0298 New Europe College Str. Plantelor 21 023971 Bucharest Romania www.nec.ro; e-mail: [email protected] Tel. (+4) 021.307.99.10, Fax (+4) 021. 327.07.74 New Europe College Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2015-2016 ANDREEA EŞANU GEORGIANA HUIAN VASILE MIHAI OLARU CRISTIANA PAPAHAGI VANEZIA PÂRLEA IULIU RAŢIU ANDREAS STAMATE-ŞTEFAN THEODOR E. ULIERIU-ROSTÁS CONTENTS NEW EUROPE FOUNDATION NEW EUROPE COLLEGE 7 ANDREEA EŞANU AN OVERVIEW OF LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN’S EARLY PHILOSOPHY: FROM LETTERS AND NOTEBOOKS TO THE TRACTATUS LOGICO-PHILOSOPHICUS AND A LITTLE BEYOND 23 GEORGIANA HUIAN THE MYSTERY OF THE HUMAN BEING IN AUGUSTINE: IN QUEST OF THE FOUNDATIONS OF AN APOPHATIC ANTHROPOLOGY 51 VASILE MIHAI OLARU THE WINE-TAX REGULATIONS AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE STATE IN WALLACHIA, 1740-1831 93 CRISTIANA PAPAHAGI IDÉOLOGIES DE LA LANGUE NATIONALE : UNE COMPARAISON ENTRE LE FRANÇAIS ET LE ROUMAIN 119 VANEZIA PÂRLEA ÉCHANGES INTERCULTURELS DANS LES RÉCITS DE VOYAGE DES FRANÇAIS EN ORIENT DE LA DEUXIEME MOITIÉ DU XVIIE SIÈCLE 159 IULIU RAŢIU THE FRENCH ORIGINS AND CULTURAL RECEPTION OF THE ROMANIAN TRANSLATION OF HENRY DAVID THOREAU’S WALDEN 191 ANDREAS STAMATE-ŞTEFAN VIRGIL MADGEARU AT THE CROSSROADS OF AN ANTICAPITALISTIC TRINITY: GERMAN HISTORICISM, POPULISM AND MARXISM 219 THEODOR E. ULIERIU-ROSTÁS MAKING (NEW) SENSE OF MARSYAS IN LATE ANTIQUITY: A FORAY INTO JOHN MALALAS’ CHRONICLE AND ITS LITERARY HORIZON 251 NEW EUROPE FOUNDATION NEW EUROPE COLLEGE Institute for Advanced Study New Europe College (NEC) is an independent Romanian institute for advanced study in the humanities and social sciences founded in 1994 by Professor Andrei Pleşu (philosopher, art historian, writer, Romanian Minister of Culture, 1990–1991, Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1997-1999) within the framework of the New Europe Foundation, established in 1994 as a private foundation subject to Romanian law. Its impetus was the New Europe Prize for Higher Education and Research, awarded in 1993 to Professor Pleşu by a group of six institutes for advanced study (the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, the National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park, the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in Humanities and Social Sciences, Wassenaar, the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences, Uppsala, and the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin). Since 1994, the NEC community of fellows and alumni has enlarged to over 600 members. In 1998 New Europe College was awarded the prestigious Hannah Arendt Prize for its achievements in setting new standards in research and higher education. New Europe College is officially recognized by the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research as an institutional structure for postgraduate studies in the humanities and social sciences, at the level of advanced studies. Focused primarily on individual research at an advanced level, NEC offers to young Romanian scholars and academics in the fields of humanities and social sciences, and to the foreign scholars invited as fellows appropriate working conditions, and provides an institutional framework with strong international links, acting as a stimulating environment for interdisciplinary 7 N.E.C. Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2015-2016 dialogue and critical debates. The academic programs NEC coordinates, and the events it organizes aim at strengthening research in the humanities and social sciences and at promoting contacts between Romanian scholars and their peers worldwide. Academic programs currently organized and coordinated by NEC: • NEC Fellowships (since 1994) Each year, up to ten NEC Fellowships open both to Romanian and international outstanding young scholars in the humanities and social sciences are publicly announced. The Fellows are chosen by the NEC international Academic Advisory Board for the duration of one academic year, or one term. They gather for weekly seminars to discuss the progress of their research, and participate in all the scientific events organized by NEC. The Fellows receive a monthly stipend, and are given the opportunity of a research trip abroad, at a university or research institute of their choice. At the end of their stay, the Fellows submit papers representing the results of their research, to be published in the New Europe College Yearbooks. • Ştefan Odobleja Fellowships (since October 2008) The Fellowships given in this program are supported by the National Council of Scientific Research, and are meant to complement and enlarge the core fellowship program. The definition of these fellowships, targeting young Romanian researchers, is identical with those in the NEC Program, in which the Odobleja Fellowships are integrated. • The Europe next to Europe Fellowship Program (since October 2013) This Program, sponsored by the Riksbankens Jubileumsfond (Sweden), invites young researchers from European countries that are not yet members of the European Union, or which have a less consolidated position within it, targeting in particular the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia), Turkey, Cyprus, for a stay of one or two terms at the New Europe College, during which they will have the opportunity to work on projects of their choice. 8 NEW EUROPE COLLEGE • The Pontica Magna Fellowship Program (since October 2015) This Fellowship Program, sponsored by the VolkswagenStiftung (Germany), invites young researchers, media professionals, writers and artists from the countries around the Black Sea, but also beyond it (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine), for a stay of one or two terms at the New Europe College, during which they have the opportunity to work on projects of their choice. The program welcomes a wide variety of disciplines in the fields of humanities and social sciences. Besides hosting a number of Fellows, the College organizes within this program workshops and symposia on topics relevant to the history, present, and prospects of this region. This program is therefore strongly linked to the former Black Sea Link Fellowships. • The Pontica Magna Returning Fellows Program (since March 2016) In the framework of its Pontica Magna Program, New Europe College offers alumni of the Black Sea Link and Pontica Magna Fellowship Programs the opportunity to apply for a research stay of one or two months in Bucharest. The stay should enable successful applicants to refresh their research experience at NEC, to reconnect with former contacts, and to establish new connections with current Fellows. The Pontica Magna Returning Fellows Program targets young researchers, media professionals, writers and artists from the countries around the Black Sea: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. • The Gerda Henkel Fellowship Program (since March 2017) This Fellowship Program, developed with the support of Gerda Henkel Stiftung (Germany), invites young researchers and academics working in the fields of humanities and social sciences (in particular archaeology, art history, historical Islamic studies, history, history of law, history of science, prehistory and early history) from Afghanistan, Belarus, China (only Tibet and Xinjiang Autonomous Regions), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, for a stay of one or two terms at the New Europe College, during which they will have the opportunity to work on projects of their choice. 9 N.E.C. Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2015-2016 • How to Teach Europe Fellowship Program (since April 2017) This Program, sponsored by the Robert Bosch Foundation and a Private Foundation from Germany, introduces a new and innovative Fellowship module at the Centre for Advanced Study (CAS), Sofia, and the New Europe College (NEC), Bucharest. Beyond the promotion of outstanding individual researchers, the Program focuses on the intersection of fundamental research and higher education. The joint initiative seeks to identify and bring together bright and motivated young and established university professors from South-eastern Europe to dedicate themselves for a certain amount of time to research work oriented toward a specific goal: to lend the state-of-the-art theories and methodologies in
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