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Carson Memorial Unveiled
Vol. 63, No. 46 Published in the interest of the 7th Infantry Division and Fort Carson community Nov. 18, 2005 Visitisit thethe FortFort CarsonCarson WWeb site at www.carson.army.mil Carson memorial unveiled Story and photo by of the history of the Blue Star Spc. Aimee Millham Memorials. Mountaineer staff The project was started in 1944 by Standing outside Gate 1 in the middle New Jersey Garden Clubs as a highway of a small circle of garden landscape, beautification project. With the there is now a Blue Star Memorial approval of the highway commissioner honoring all the men and women who of New Jersey, the club planted 10,000 have served and are still serving in the dogwood trees along a six-mile stretch U.S. Armed Forces. of highway to serve as a living memorial The memorial, which was funded to all service members. by USAA, was unveiled in a ceremony The project was named after the Nov. 10 and was dedicated to Fort blue star in the Armed Services’ flag. Carson in honor of its Soldiers by the It became a nationwide project a Cheyenne Mountain Garden Club. few years after its inception, and today “We owe so much to those who the Blue Star Memorial highway system serve,” said Joan Franson, regional includes more than 70,000 miles of director of the National Garden Clubs highway, and there is at least one Blue — the organization which runs the Blue Star highway in each state. Star Memorial project nationwide. The memorials are not limited to Franson went on to attribute highways though. -
Mexicans and World War II 45
Mexicans and World War II 45 Mexicans and World War II: Change and Continuity Matthew Lesh Third Year Undergraduate, University of Melbourne ‘They served us beer but not food [at the drive-in movie theatre]. They told us, ‘No, we don’t serve Mexicans’, World War II veteran Natividad Campos recalled, ‘I felt pretty bad because I felt I was just as American as anybody else’.1 Campos’ experience reflected that of thousands of Mexican Americans trying to belong in a world in which they were considered non-white and consequently plagued by discrimination.2 This challenge of belonging encapsulated the Mexican American wartime experience. On the home front Mexicans stood out as patriotic supporters of the war effort. They took up various jobs in war industry, migrated to America to work in agriculture, and raised money to buy war bonds. In the military, Mexican Americans excelled in various capacities, served in combat roles out of proportion to their numbers, and received more decorations for bravery than any other ethnic group.3 During the war, Mexican Americans experienced changes in treatment and an increase in opportunity. Nevertheless, discrimination continued in education, the workplace, restaurants, in public facilities, and in housing. World War II was a turning point in which Mexican Americans were invigorated to fight against this injustice following the clash of an increased sense of self-worth, created by the contribution to the war effort, and the ongoing experience of racism.4 This article investigates this turning point by exploring the experiences of Mexican Americans before, during, and after World War II. -
Los Veteranos—Latinos in WWII
Los Veteranos—Latinos in WWII Over 500,000 Latinos (including 350,000 Mexican Americans and 53,000 Puerto Ricans) served in WWII. Exact numbers are difficult because, with the exception of the 65th Infantry Regiment from Puerto Rico, Latinos were not segregated into separate units, as African Americans were. When war was declared on December 8, 1941, thousands of Latinos were among those that rushed to enlist. Latinos served with distinction throughout Europe, in the Pacific Theater, North Africa, the Aleutians and the Mediterranean. Among other honors earned, thirteen Medals of Honor were awarded to Latinos for service during WWII. In the Pacific Theater, the 158th Regimental Combat Team, of which a large percentage was Latino and Native American, fought in New Guinea and the Philippines. They so impressed General MacArthur that he called them “the greatest fighting combat team ever deployed in battle.” Latino soldiers were of particular aid in the defense of the Philippines. Their fluency in Spanish was invaluable when serving with Spanish speaking Filipinos. These same soldiers were part of the infamous “Bataan Death March.” On Saipan, Marine PFC Guy Gabaldon, a Mexican-American from East Los Angeles who had learned Japanese in his ethnically diverse neighborhood, captured 1,500 Japanese soldiers, earning him the nickname, the “Pied Piper of Saipan.” In the European Theater, Latino soldiers from the 36th Infantry Division from Texas were among the first soldiers to land on Italian soil and suffered heavy casualties crossing the Rapido River at Cassino. The 88th Infantry Division (with draftees from Southwestern states) was ranked in the top 10 for combat effectiveness. -
National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) Houston National Cemetery Harris, TX Name of Property County and State 5. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) (Check only one box.) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing private building(s) 10 6 buildings public - Local X district 1 1 sites public - State site 24 0 structures X public - Federal structure 16 0 objects object 51 7 Total Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing) listed in the National Register N/A 0 6. Function or Use Historic Functions Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) (Enter categories from instructions.) FUNERARY/cemetery FUNERARY/cemetery 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) Houston National Cemetery Harris, TX Name of Property County and State 7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (Enter categories from instructions.) (Enter categories from instructions.) Modern Movement foundation: concrete walls: concrete roof: concrete other: marble, granite, bronze Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current physical appearance of the property. Explain contributing and noncontributing resources if necessary. Begin with a summary paragraph that briefly describes the general characteristics of the property, such as its location, setting, size, and significant features.) Summary Paragraph Houston National Cemetery, located at 10410 Veterans Memorial Drive, was established in May 1963 when land was purchased by the federal government for the burial of veterans. -
C:\94PAP2\PAP APPA Txed01 Psn: Txed01 Appendix a / Administration of William J
Appendix AÐDigest of Other White House Announcements The following list includes the President's public sched- Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Develop- ule and other items of general interest announced by ment Board of Trustees. the Office of the Press Secretary and not included The President announced his intention to appoint elsewhere in this book. Kit Dobelle as a member of the White House Com- mission on Presidential Scholars. August 1 In the morning, the President traveled to Jersey August 4 City, NJ, where he met with families from the State The President announced his intention to nominate to discuss their problems with the health care system. Herschelle Challenor to the National Security Edu- In the late afternoon, he returned to Washington, cation Board. DC. The President announced his intention to nominate Sheldon C. (Shay) Bilchik as Administrator of the Of- August 2 fice of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention In the evening, the President and Hillary Clinton at the Department of Justice. attended a Democratic National Committee fundraiser at a private residence in Oxon Hill, MD. August 5 The President declared major disasters in Oregon In the afternoon, the President and Hillary and and Washington following severe damage to the ocean Ä Chelsea Clinton went to Camp David, MD. salmon fishing industries caused by the El Nino The President announced his intention to nominate weather pattern and recent drought. Kenneth Spencer Yalowitz as Ambassador to Belarus. The White House announced that the President The President announced his intention to appoint has invited President Leonid Kuchma of Ukraine to Joseph M. -
SM 1266, 1St Eng
SM 1266 First Engrossed (ntc) 20131266e1 1 Senate Memorial 2 A memorial to the President and the Congress of the 3 United States, urging them to award the Congressional 4 Gold Medal to the United States 65th Infantry 5 Regiment, the Borinqueneers. 6 7 WHEREAS, the Borinqueneers trace their lineage to the 8 “Puerto Rico Regiment of Volunteer Infantry,” authorized by 9 Congress on March 2, 1899, as the first body of native troops in 10 Puerto Rico, the only Hispanic-segregated unit in the United 11 States Armed Forces that played a prominent role in American 12 military history, and 13 WHEREAS, during World War I, the Borinqueneers rallied a 14 force of over 1,500 to defend the Panama Canal, and upon their 15 return to Puerto Rico were renamed “The 65th Infantry Regiment,” 16 and 17 WHEREAS, during World War II, the Borinqueneers served in 18 North Africa and Europe, winning Naples-Foggia, Rome-Arne, 19 Central Europe, and Rhineland battle campaign awards; and were 20 assigned security, anti-sabotage, and other occupation missions 21 around Kaiserslautern and Mannheim, Germany after the war, and 22 WHEREAS, during the Korean War, the Borinqueneers were the 23 only all-Hispanic unit; joined the United States 3rd Infantry 24 Division to be among the first infantry to engage in battle with 25 North Korean troops; served with distinction to earn 4 26 Distinguished Service Crosses, 124 Silver Stars, 9 Korean battle 27 campaign awards, the Presidential and Meritorious Unit 28 Commendations, 2 Korean Presidential Unit Citations, and the 29 Greek Gold Medal for Bravery; and are credited with launching Page 1 of 3 CODING: Words stricken are deletions; words underlined are additions. -
Sharing Their Stories
OUR VETERANS: SHARING THEIR STORIES A Newspaper in Education Supplement to ES I R O Who are Veterans? R ST R They are men and women who, for many time went on, “veteran” was used to describe I reasons, donned the uniform of our country to any former member of the armed forces or a stand between freedom and tyranny; to take up person who had served in the military. NG THE NG I the sword of justice in defense of the liberties In the mid-19th century, this term was we hold dear; to preserve peace and to calm often shortened to the simple phrase “vets.” The HAR S the winds of war. term came to be used as a way to categorize : : Your mothers and fathers, your and honor those who had served and sacrificed grandparents, your aunts and uncles, your through their roles in the military. neighbors, the shop owners in your community, ETERANS your teachers, your favorite athlete, a Hollywood History of Veterans Day V R star, and your political leaders... each one could World War I, also known as the “Great OU be a veteran. War,” was officially concluded on the 11th But as much as they may differ by gender, hour of the 11th Day of November, at 11 A.M. race, age, national origin, or profession, they in 1918. On November 11th of the following share a common love for our great nation; a year, President Woodrow Wilson declared that love great enough to put their very lives on the day as “Armistice Day” in honor of the peace. -
Code Talkers Hearing
S. HRG. 108–693 CODE TALKERS HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION ON CONTRIBUTIONS OF NATIVE AMERICAN CODE TALKERS IN AMERICAN MILITARY HISTORY SEPTEMBER 22, 2004 WASHINGTON, DC ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 96–125 PDF WASHINGTON : 2004 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Colorado, Chairman DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii, Vice Chairman JOHN McCAIN, Arizona, KENT CONRAD, North Dakota PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico HARRY REID, Nevada CRAIG THOMAS, Wyoming DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah BYRON L. DORGAN, North Dakota JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma TIM JOHNSON, South Dakota GORDON SMITH, Oregon MARIA CANTWELL, Washington LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska PAUL MOOREHEAD, Majority Staff Director/Chief Counsel PATRICIA M. ZELL, Minority Staff Director/Chief Counsel (II) C O N T E N T S Page Statements: Brown, John S., Chief of Military History and Commander, U.S. Army Center of Military History ............................................................................ 5 Campbell, Hon. Ben Nighthorse, U.S. Senator from Colorado, chairman, Committee on Indian Affairs ....................................................................... 1 Inhofe, Hon. James M., U.S. Senator from Oklahoma .................................. 2 Johnson, Hon. -
Feliz Navidad 1950
Saviors of the Cause The Role of the Puerto Rican Soldier in One Man’s Crusade Copyright © 2005 by Luis Asencio Camacho For my brother Josué, the family historian Governor Luis Muñoz Marín welcomes the Borinqueneer colors from Korea. November 1954 (Archivo General) The gallant contribution that the soldiers of the 65th and 296th Infantry regiments have made alongside their fellow citizens of the United States, defending our common ideals against those who try to subvert the freedom of the human race, make the transfer of their regimental colors an occasion of profound meaning to all of us. GOVERNOR LUIS MUÑOZ MARÍN During ceremony transferring the colors of the 65th and the 296th Infantry regiments to the PRNGUS, Fort Brooke, Puerto Rico November 19, 1954 Saviors of the Cause The following article is written from an objective point of view. The expressions are solely the author’s responsibility, and in no way represent the ideologies of Danny Nieves or valerosos.com. Introduction No other person in the history of Puerto Rico has embodied the paradox of this nation like “El Vate” (The Poet) Don Luis Muñoz Marín. His policies and programs transformed not only the face of a country but as well the idiosyncrasy of its people. He has been called “one of the most influential politicians in recent times, whose works will be remembered for years to come” (Time Magazine), and “the guiding force behind this time of sweeping change” (The Puerto Rico Herald); and has been recognized with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor in peacetime, for his role in the future of Latin America. -
A BILL to Award a Congressional Gold Medal to the 65Th Infantry Regiment, Known As the Borinqueneers
AYO13453 S.L.C. 113TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION S. ll To award a Congressional Gold Medal to the 65th Infantry Regiment, known as the Borinqueneers. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES llllllllll Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for himself, Mr. CHAMBLISS, Ms. WARREN, Mr. RUBIO, Mr. NELSON, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. SCHUMER, and Mr. CASEY) intro- duced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Com- mittee on llllllllll A BILL To award a Congressional Gold Medal to the 65th Infantry Regiment, known as the Borinqueneers. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 SECTION 1. FINDINGS. 4 The Congress finds the following: 5 (1) In 1898, the United States acquired Puerto 6 Rico in the Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish- 7 American War and, by the following year, Congress 8 had authorized raising a unit of volunteer soldiers in 9 the newly acquired territory. AYO13453 S.L.C. 2 1 (2) In May 1917, two months after legislation 2 granting United States citizenship to individuals 3 born in Puerto Rico was signed into law, and one 4 month after the United States entered World War I, 5 the unit was transferred to the Panama Canal Zone 6 because United States Army policy at the time re- 7 stricted most segregated units to noncombat roles, 8 although the regiment could have contributed to the 9 fighting effort. 10 (3) In June 1920, the unit was re-designated as 11 the ‘‘65th Infantry Regiment, United States Army’’, 12 and it would serve as the United States military’s 13 last segregated unit composed of Hispanic soldiers. -
Native Americans and World War II
Reemergence of the “Vanishing Americans” - Native Americans and World War II “War Department officials maintained that if the entire population had enlisted in the same proportion as Indians, the response would have rendered Selective Service unnecessary.” – Lt. Col. Thomas D. Morgan Overview During World War II, all Americans banded together to help defeat the Axis powers. In this lesson, students will learn about the various contributions and sacrifices made by Native Americans during and after World War II. After learning the Native American response to the attack on Pearl Harbor via a PowerPoint centered discussion, students will complete a jigsaw activity where they learn about various aspects of the Native American experience during and after the war. The lesson culminates with students creating a commemorative currency honoring the contributions and sacrifices of Native Americans during and after World War II. Grade 11 NC Essential Standards for American History II • AH2.H.3.2 - Explain how environmental, cultural and economic factors influenced the patterns of migration and settlement within the United States since the end of Reconstruction • AH2.H.3.3 - Explain the roles of various racial and ethnic groups in settlement and expansion since Reconstruction and the consequences for those groups • AH2.H.4.1 - Analyze the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States since Reconstruction and the compromises that resulted • AH2.H.7.1 - Explain the impact of wars on American politics since Reconstruction • AH2.H.7.3 - Explain the impact of wars on American society and culture since Reconstruction • AH2.H.8.3 - Evaluate the extent to which a variety of groups and individuals have had opportunity to attain their perception of the “American Dream” since Reconstruction Materials • Cracking the Code handout, attached (p. -
From Scouts to Soldiers: the Evolution of Indian Roles in the U.S
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Summer 2013 From Scouts to Soldiers: The Evolution of Indian Roles in the U.S. Military, 1860-1945 James C. Walker Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Indigenous Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Walker, James C., "From Scouts to Soldiers: The Evolution of Indian Roles in the U.S. Military, 1860-1945" (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 860. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/860 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FROM SCOUTS TO SOLDIERS: THE EVOLUTION OF INDIAN ROLES IN THE U.S. MILITARY, 1860-1945 by JAMES C. WALKER ABSTRACT The eighty-six years from 1860-1945 was a momentous one in American Indian history. During this period, the United States fully settled the western portion of the continent. As time went on, the United States ceased its wars against Indian tribes and began to deal with them as potential parts of American society. Within the military, this can be seen in the gradual change in Indian roles from mostly ad hoc forces of scouts and home guards to regular soldiers whose recruitment was as much a part of the United States’ war plans as that of any other group.