Nº 528–530 Kiewa Street, Albury, NSW
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The Johnstone Centre Report Nº 189 Nº 528–530 Kiewa Street, Albury, NSW An Historical Analysis of the Site and an Assessment of its Heritage Values by Dirk HR Spennemann Albury 2003 © Dirk H.R. Spennemann 2003 All rights reserved. The contents of this book are copyright in all countries subscribing to the Berne Convention. No parts of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the author, except where per- mitted by law. Spennemann, Dirk H.R. (1958–) Nº 528–530 Kiewa Street, Albury, NSW. An historical analysis of the site and an assessment of its Heritage Values / by Dirk H.R. Spennemann Johnstone Centre Report nº 189 Albury, N.S.W. : The Johnstone Centre, Charles Sturt University 1v.; LCC xxx DDC xxxx 1. Historic Preservation—Australia—New South Wales; PRIVACY NOTICE The historical analysis contained in this volume has been carried out with due con- sideration of the provisions of the The Privacy and Personal Information Protection Act 1998 (NSW). The information included herein has been compiled for heritage management purposes and provides a documentation of the historic development of the property 528- 530Kiewa Street, Albury, New South Wales. The information has been collected from records of the Albury City Council, newspapers, personal communications by residents and former owners of the property. Any one person mentioned in this report who may have concerns as to his or her per- sonal information presented herein is invited to contact the author at the following address: Prof. Dirk HR Spennemann The Johnstone Centre Charles Sturt University PO Box 789 Albury NSW 2640 Australia EXECUTIVE SUMMARY For ease of reference, the section numbering d) conduct an examination of the phys- in this executive summary follows that of ical fabric of the structures as far as the main report. As a result of selection, the extant; number sequence of the executive summary e) assess the likelihood of surface and may appear incomplete. subsurface archaeological remains on the property; 1.1. Location and Ownership f) evaluate the cultural heritage signifi- The property is located at 530 Kiewa Street, cance of the property; and Albury, County of Goulburn, New South Wales (also known as 528 and 530 Kiewa g) make recommendations on its man- St). agement. The property is currently owned by the 2.2. Assessment Process Albury City Council. The property title is Torrens Title B/83168. The assessment process used for the study followed the guidelines set out by the NSW 1.2. Protective Listings Heritage Office. The building is not listed on any of the ap- plicable conservation instruments. 3. History of the Prop- erty 2. Objectives of the Study 3.1. Historic Context 2.1.1. Objectives The property is located in section 12, which The aim of this study is to provide an as- historically also contains the key administra- sessment of the cultural heritage value of the tive buildings, such as the post office, the property 528-530 Kiewa Street by court house, the town hall, the Mechanics a) compiling an historic context against Institute (now demolished), the police sta- which the properties can be assessed; tion, the telegraph office as well as several churches. The development area at the cor- b) compiling the history of the various ner of Swift and Kiewa Street is located in structures erected on the property; the northwestern part of the section 12. c) compiling and describing property It is unlikely that the development area plans and the like to determined the would have been used for habitation pur- sequence and appearance of struc- poses during pre-European settlement times. ture; —1— Dirk H.R. Spennemann Nº 528–530 KIEWA STREET,ALBURY, NSW. AN ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE VALUES It is likely to have been covered with open on Kiewa Street. The property 528–530 woodland and would have served as resource Kiewa Street was created in 1872 as part of area for food as well as wood and bark re- this subdivision. It seems that until 1886 the sources. Closer to the Bungambrawatha property was vacant land. Creek we can expect permanent or semi- The first major development of the property permanent habitation sites. occurred in 1886 when John Hiram Craw- The 1839 town grid is set at an oblique angle ford of Beechworth decided to consolidate to the old Sydney Road. After the creation its stabling business in one central location of the grid and letting of town allotments, and for this purpose acquired the land 528- the Sydney Road was forced into a zigzag 530 Kiewa Street. pattern. The old road alignment ran diago- The building erected for Crawford & Co was nally through the southern part of section a double brick stables with a curved roof 12. with the town grid, the intersection of supported by 12" by 12" posts. The building Dean and Kiewa Streets became a turning was 60" (18.3m) wide and approximately point in the zigzag, with the intersection of 100" (30.5m) long. It served as the hub for Kiewa and Swift or Kiewa And Wilson Crawford’s regional coach operations, pro- Streets being another. Thus the development viding stabling for 30 horses and the associ- area was located at a significant section of ated omnibuses, coaches and wagonettes. Kiewa Street . The advent of the motor car signalled the Private subdivision of the formerly north- end of the coach lines. Even though cars south oriented allotments into east-west were not frequent until after World War I, aligned lots allowed for the commercial de- business became slower and slower. By 1919 velopment of the area. Crawford & Co folded, selling off its re- In the 1880s boarding houses as well as maining routes to smaller companies and in- caching stables were erected in the develop- dividuals interested in taking up the mail ment area. The advent of the motor car in runs. the first decade of the twentieth century saw After the demise of Crawford and Co the the transition of the area in light industry building seems, at one stage, to have served with a focus on servicing the motor car and as an auction mart operated by a Mr. True. transportation businesses. The realignment of In 1922 it was converted into a tyre service the highway through Albury in the 1960ps and motor garage. With different owners and drew away traffic from Dean and Kiewa lessees the property retained the use as a gar- Streets. While this improved the local busi- age and motor car show rooms until 1975. ness opportunities in Dean Street, it was det- During that time the building saw repeated rimental to the garage and motor service changes to its internal lay out as well as sub- businesses in Kiewa Street. Over time they stantial modifications to the front façade. In were relocated to the new highway 1977 it was converted into an arcade with alignment and congregated at the outskirts of ten shops. town. 3.2. History of 528-530 Kiewa 4. Physical Description Street A detailed description of the extant fabric is The land was first formally alienated in provided. 1851. During the late 1860s James T Fallon acquired allotments 8, 9 and 10 of section 12 and subdividde them privately with a focus —ii— Dirk H.R. Spennemann Nº 528–530 KIEWA STREET,ALBURY, NSW. AN ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE VALUES 5. subsurface remains 6. Heritage Values 5.2. Predicted presence or 6.1. Basis of Assessment absence of subsurface cultural resources The assessment process follows that set out by the NSW Heritage Office in its various Given that piped water was available from guidelines. 1885 onwards, it is possible that 1860s and 1870s wells could have been filled in before 6.3. Statement of Signifi- the buildings were extended and thus be lo- cance for above sur- cated under the extant buildings. If wells ex- face heritage isted, they would have been filled in before In view of the above discussion the follow- the 1920s and thus would provide a high po- ing statements of significance are made. tential for archaeological material culture in their fill and provide a unique insight into 6.3.1. Significance at the State level the nature of habitation in central Albury during the 1870s expansion period. In view of the above discussion, the property 528–530 Kiewa Street is deemed culturally The cesspits would have been decommis- significant at the state level because it: sioned in 1919 or 1920, depending on the exact date the house sewers were connected. a) has a direct association with the transpor- As the pits were frequently emptied, the life tation industry, first and foremost as the cycle of an early twentieth century cess pit is major stables and coach terminal for the re- short and hence any material culture en- gionally important coach line Crawford & Co countered in the pits would be chronologi- cally close to 1919. Samples of human ex- 6.3.2. Significance at the LOcal level creta could be analysed for parasite infesta- The property 528–530 Kiewa Street is tion, which might be of archaeological, and deemed culturally significant at the local in particular medico-historical interest. The level, with special reference to the themes of success would depend on the preservation Albury as a rural service centre and Albury as conditions. a thoroughfare town, because the property: The presence or absence of artefactual re- a) has a direct association with the transpor- mains other than Indigenous depends on the tation industry, first and foremost as the amount of excavation work carried out in major stables and coach terminal for the re- the course of digging sewer lines and re- gionally important coach line Crawford & moving existing floors.