ERINA Annual Report April 2003 – March 2004 [1.77MB]

ႨஙɁɉĂෂݸఱმࢼሆਡɬĶෂਡķĂ෥೏მ଱଱ࡹఱ მࢼሆਡɬĶ႘෥೏ķĂ໲ႨਡɬĶ໲ႨķĂʺˋʌ˃ਡɬ Ķʺˋʌ˃ķĂ൥࠴მਡɬĶ࠴ਡķĂ˅ʏɺᇦၺɬĶ˅ʏɺķ ɂ࿍ࡥȳɥăɘȹႨஙɁ࿍ࡥȳɥĶ໲ႨޠķɉĂ႘෥ ೏Ć࠴ਡɁɉĶຄޠķɂ࿍ࡥȱɀȞɥă In this document we refer to the Peopleħs Republic of China as China, the Democratic Peopleħs Republic of Korea as the DPRK, the Republic of Korea as the ROK and the Russian Federation as Russia. In addition, the sea referred to in this document as the Japan Sea is called the East Sea in the DPRK and the ROK. ႘ຄɺʐɺॄ੟५Ɉव౰ɂཡ๐Ʌ৐ȫɀ 東西冷戦体制の終焉は、同時に北東アジアに新しい時代が到来することを予感させるものでした。北東アジアを構成する国々には、16億人の諸民族が暮らし、21世紀の地球にとって欠かせない天然資源があふれています。その大きな潜在力に世界が注目する中で、国と国の交流を阻害する壁が取り除かれつつあり、地方と地方の交流も活発に動き出しました。いま、北東アジアは世界における一つの地域経済圏としての可能性が認められ、地方間協力、多国間協力のさまざまな分野に、多くの英知が結集しています。 1993年10月、新潟市にERINAは誕生しました。ERINAが目指したものは、北東アジア経済の情報を集めて、調査・研究し、地方同士が力を合わせて経済交流を推し進めること。そのことを通して、北東アジア経済圏の形成と発展に寄与し、国際社会に貢献すること。以来、地方の民間企業による経済交流の支援から、関係各国・地域が一堂に会する「北東アジア経済会議」の開催まで、北東アジア各国の中央政府や地方政府、研究組織や民間団体、国際機関などとともに、さまざまな取り組みを続けています。 Working Towards the Formation and Development of the Northeast Asia Economic Subregion The end of the Cold War between east and west was also felt to presage the advent of a new era in Northeast Asia. 1.6 billion people of various ethnicities live in the countries of which Northeast Asia consists, and the region is richly endowed with the natural resources that are essential to the world here in the 21st century. With the spotlight of global attention falling on this great potential, moves have been afoot to remove barriers to the interaction of countries, and interregional exchange has also begun to take place with renewed vigor. Northeast Asiaħs potential as one of the worldħs regional economic blocs is now recognized and a great deal of knowledge in such fields as interregional collaboration and multilateral cooperation is being applied in the region. In October 1993, ERINA was born in Niigata City. Its aims were to accumulate information about the economies of Northeast Asia, carry out research and promote economic exchange through the joint efforts of provincial areas, thus contributing to the formation and development of the Northeast Asia Economic Subregion and to international society as a whole. Today, in collaboration with central and regional governments, research institutions, private groups and international organizations from across Northeast Asia, ERINA continues to undertake various initiatives, from supporting economic exchange by provincial areas to the Northeast Asia Economic Conference, at which representatives of the relevant countries and regions gather under one roof to discuss issues affecting the region. ごあいさつ ● 04 04 ・・・・・・・・・ ERINA理事長吉田進事業報告 ● 07 08 ・・・・・・・・・調査・研究事業 24 ・・・・・・・・・経済交流事業 28 ・・・・・・・・・北東アジア経済会議 38 ・・・・・・・・・情報の収集・提供特集 ● 41 42 ・・・・・・・・・ ERINA中期計画資料編 ● 59 60 ・・・・・・・・・ 2003年度事業総括 61 ・・・・・・・・・ 2003年度事業一覧 64 ・・・・・・・・・ 2003年度財務報告 69 ・・・・・・・・・役員名簿 72 ・・・・・・・・・職員名簿目次／Contents Preface ●04 04 ・・・・・・・・・ Susumu Yoshida, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, ERINA Project Reports ●07 08 ・・・・・・・・・ Research Projects 24 ・・・・・・・・・ External Relations Projects* 28 ・・・・・・・・・ Northeast Asia Economic Conference 38 ・・・・・・・・・ Gathering and Disseminating Information* Special Feature ●41 42 ・・・・・・・・・ ERINAħs Medium-Term Plan Data ●59 60 ・・・・・・・・・ Overview of Projects in 2003* 61 ・・・・・・・・・ List of Projects in 2003* 64 ・・・・・・・・・ 2003 Financial Report* 69 ・・・・・・・・・ List of Executives 72 ・・・・・・・・・ List of Employees ( * Japanese only) Ȯ ȮȜȞȯȾ Ȝ Ȟ Preface ȯ Ⱦ Ŝ Preface FSJOBᆅૢෳ ࢀ๜āమ Susumu Yoshida Chairman of the Board of Trustees, ERINA ၐమɭɁ The concept of an East Asian Community that goes a littleێɺʐɺɁɉASEANʯˁʑ3ȥɣ ຄɺʐɺࢼວൌȦሄࡼȯɦĂ࠲बஜਡ࠰Ɉ further than the ASEAN+3 framework is now being discussed in FTAৄொȦශęɂమɭɁȞɘȳăຄɺʐɺॄ Asia and steady progress is being made with negotiations Ɉʀʥ˃ regarding a free trade agreement encompassing all the countriesۊ੟Ɉཡ๐ɬ৽ȢɥɂȧĂȭɈණ ʆĜĆණݚ૝঍Ɉʨˁˋʑɂਡ੫࠲बȦ୭ᅟ involved in this community. The regional energy and ჍȥɣĂ˅ʏɺɂʺˋʌ˃Ɉઞ underground resource balance and international relations withinڷɁȳăȭɈ ೔ the region are important to the development of the East AsianڤݡȦྼ೓౯ɬ൑ɍɀȧɘȳȱĂ߂ਡ࠰Ɉ ฤݛȦ࢙ɛɣɦ economy. In this sense, the participation of Russia and Mongoliaڤ။௩ĂɌɂȧɩ෥೏཰๿Ɉ ɘȳăຄɺʐɺɈෂ߇ɂȱɀ႘ຄɺʐɺॄ੟ will acquire an air of inevitability, while security between each ५Ɉव౰Ȧࡖ൒ȯɦɘȳă country and, more especially, the stabilization of the Korean Peninsula will be required. It is hoped that a Northeast Asian .ş႘ຄɺʐɺ߂ਡɈဿݛ Economic Subregion will be formed as the core of East Asia ȭɈ1༃Ɉ࠰ɅɜĂ႘ຄɺʐɺஜਡɁɉȞ ȩȾȥɈဿݛȦࡧȭȽɀȞɘȳă şChanges in the Countries of Northeast Asia ෂਡɁɉĂ໩୥ౘ༃റȞɀȧȹ਒๱౰ෳȦ A number of changes have occurred in the countries of SARSɈ܆ࣗɬ௮ɤܛȢɘȱȹă2003༃Ɉਡ Northeast Asia over the last year. 04 ໘഍౺દĪGDPīɉ೐༃Ʌ྘ɓ9.1œഝȢĂ In China, the high levels of growth that have continued for 2004༃Ʌ໴ȽɀɜĂ1ġ3ॢɈGDPɉ2෗ more than 20 years helped the country to overcome the effects 7,106ݍইĂ೐༃ວࡖ྘9.7œഝɂɄɤɘȱȹă of SARS. GDP in 2003 rose 9.1% on the previous year and ਒๱౰ෳɉદࣞɈཡ๐ɂɂɜɅਡმɈ౺ߤ increased further in the first quarter of 2004 to RMB 2.7106 ˄ʱ˃Ɉ৐௫ɬɜȹɣȱĂ1ఱȜȹɤɈGDP trillion, up 9.7% on the same period of the previous year. Ȧ1,000ʡ˃ɬ෰Ȣɘȱȹăȱȥȱ࿹Ɉതჶ This high growth has led to an increase in the standard of ,ɂȱɀʀʥ˃ʆĜɞঈᆧɈࢷࢣ࿤ഫĂဘݟɈ living of the Chinese people, as well as industrial development ௫ீɬɜȹɣȱĂʨʮ˃ɁɉɄȞȥĂȞȴɦ and per capita GDP is in excess of $1,000. However, it also has ॄ੟ɉၦޓȳɥɈɁɉɄȞȥĂɂȞȠࡇᔰɬ negative aspects, such as price increases and supply shortages ਡࡅࣞɅᅇȢɘȱȹă਱༃5ॢĂݗݦၣଽ of energy and raw materials, leading to concerns among foreignެ ഊɈૄ૲ɅɢȽɀ࿤຦દĂ์਍ĂʓʹˋʠɄ businesses that this growth might be a temporary bubble and ɃɒɈࣺ਄ᅃ૝Ȧ୴ழȯɦĂழ෮౲ࡖɅ໴Ƚ that the economy might collapse at some stage. In May this ȹࠐȦȜɤɘȳȦĂȱɊɣȩɉᅑɦɈ൥ȧȯ year, bank loans for real estate, iron and steel, and cement were ȦᄆᆏȾɜɈɂૃɩɦɘȳă scaled down at the direction of Prime Minister Wen Jiabao and it ȾɈ൥ȧɄ຦ȧȦĂຄ႘చ࣓౱઄Ɂ seems that the country may have entered a slight period ofێɜȠ ȳăȭɈ౱઄ɉ2003༃9ॢ10໲Ʌਡოۡ௵ო adjustment, but it is likely that there will be significant .ࡼɁੜ൰ȯɦĂ11ॢɅɉĶਡოۡຄ႘ණࣾ fluctuations for some time to comeޏ ɄɃᇻ৙ࣞࡊණ෮౲ޜഢᆴຩழ೨၉৊ଆķȦ Another significant development is the policy on the ಡᆏȯɦɘȱȹăࡊႨโɄၫయɉĂϱଜޏ။ development of the northeastern region. This policy was ௩ʏʑʞʸɈޜ೑ĂϲࡅࣞɂȷɈଜޏʍĜʫ adopted by the Standing Committee of the State Council on 10th ʑ࡙༑ɈယᆋĂϳಉࣸჶɁɈᄭऎĂϴຂ૝ჶ September 2003 and a special office overseeing the ɈʍʵĜʠĽɁȜɤĂȭɦɬଌૈȳɥʺʟ˃ revitalization of old industrial areas in Northeastern China was ʉĜʑɂȱɀ100ࡅࣞĪᆱ໿ௐ52ଜĂࢀᆹௐ11 established under the auspices of the State Council in ଜĂਥᆜ৮ௐ37ଜīɈޜഢोކȦཡ࿍ȯɦɘ November of that year. The basic policy involves: i) improving ȱȹă610ݍইɈຂ૝ɬ਄ȞĂ2004༃ȥɣ5༃ the social security system; ii) removing social service functions ࠰ɁࠊᆡȳɥᅅฤɁȳă from businesses and bringing these functions under government ˅ʏɺɁɉĂʯĜʙˋ൥ຕᆴȦ5ॢ26໲Ă௫ control; iii) establishing preferential tax measures; and iv) ɅȤȞɀ2ࡖᄆ஑ɛɀɈ༃૫࣋ங support for investors. In addition, a plan for reorganizing 100ޏݚᆤۡ഍ ȮȜȞȯȾğPreface Ȯ Ȝ Ȟ ܩತɬ਄ɄȞɘȱȹă companies (52 in Liaoning Province, 11 in Jilin Province, and 37 ȯ ฤ in Heilongjiang Province) as model businesses implementing ȾڤႍຢĂĶ˅ʏɺɉ౱૭Ćॄ੟ɈᆤჶɁ ɬൿ౰ȱȹķɂএ੭Ɉ˅ʏɺɈ௻࣍ɅఌɦĂ these measures was announced, and it is planned to invest Ŝ ਡ੫࠲बɁɉCISஜਡɂɈ࠲बɅူ਄ȱɀĶဴ RMB 61 billion over five years from 2004. ਡɂෂਡĂɼˋʡĂ໲ႨɂȞȠ˅ʏɺ੕൥Ɉ In Russia, President Putin delivered the first presidential ʩĜʠʢĜɂɈ౱૭Ćॄ੟Ɉൎሇɬཡ๐ȯȵ address of his second term on 26th May, speaking to both Preface ɥɢȠ๰ᆵȳɥķɂȱĂȯɣɅ2007༃ɬᄆૄ houses of the Federal Assembly. ȳWTOઞݡɈᄎ൨ĂಒᄧʩɼʯˁɼˋɬɛȪ Opening his speech, he touched upon the current situation in ɥಒᄧ౱઄ɬাɤɘȱȹă໘౱ᄎ൨ɁɉĂ Russia, stating thatĨRussia has achieved both political and ૩ȳɦɊ2010༃ɘɁɅGDPɬ༰ഝ economic stabilityĩ; with regard to international relations, heڿĶ౰ෳɬ Ɂȧɥķɂߊ঒ȱɘȱȹă declared that, in parallel with relations with the CIS nations, he ˅ʏɺॄ੟ɉ1998༃Ɉࣸᅃࡇ࡙ɬॄɀĂ wouldĨstrive to develop political and economic dialogue with the 1999༃ȥɣʯˁʑ౰ෳɅ๖ȲɀȞɘȳă2003 US, China, India and Japan, which are Russiaħs biggest ,ߗ partnersĩand talked about the goal of joining the WTO by 2007ڹ༃ɈGDPɉൎ೐༃྘7.3%ഝ¢2003༃Ɉ႓ ɉĂᄪ୸Ȧ1,359ݍʡ˃ĪಒᄧĂ๏೓ʄʑĂ์Ă as well as the countryħs policy on oil insofar as it concerns the ྥ์ࣸമĂ࡙ޟಡྩຑīĂᄪ໴Ȧ754ݍʡ˃ issue of oil pipelines. With regard to domestic political issues, Ī࡙ޟಡྩĂ఍ᆧ࿚Ă༔દဘīɂஏ෮Ʌ఑ɍĂ he asserted thatĨif growth can be sustained, we will be able to ߗɜ೐༃྘32œഝɂɄɤɘȱ double GDP by 2010.ĩڹ໲ႨɂɈ႓ ʡ˃Ʌ௫Ƚɀ Following the 1998 financial crisis, the Russian economyݍȹă༃ჂɈެݽ။ᄵ਒ɉ778 Ȟɘȳă shifted to positive growth in 1999. GDP in 2003 was up 7.3% on ໲Ⴈ࠲ᇦɁɈ൥ȧɄ୸ᅰૢɂȱɀɉĂழಶ the previous year. With regard to the volume of trade in 2003, ȦࢫȬ both exports and imports grew steadily, reaching $135.9 billionڨଽഊɈാိᅖಒᄧʩɼʯˁɼˋɈอ ɉĂ˅ʏɺɈʀʥ˃ʆĜ (oil, natural gas, iron, non-ferrous metals, mechanicalڨɣɦɘȳăȭɈอ ౱઄ॽ෸ȱɈȧȽȥȫɂɄɤɘȱȹăɘȹĂ equipment) and $75.4 billion (mechanical equipment, foodstuffs, ຄࢶ๝ᆵĂຄࢶʄʑɄɃ໲ႨɈ൥଴ʀʥ˃ʆĜ agricultural produce), respectively, with the volume of trade with ୅ᅙݦȦʍʧ˂ˋʄʑɈਈ໴ɅຝəಜɤĂఛ Japan increasing 32% on the previous year. Moreover, year-end ȹɄຂ૝ɬണȱɀȞɘȳă2003༃Ɉൎ˅ຂ૝ foreign currency holdings increased to $77.8 billion. 05 ߗɉ10.1ݍʡ˃ɂɄɤɘȱȹă One major development with regard to Japan is Prime ෥೏཰๿ᄎ൨ɁɉĂ6ʃਡࢾࡼɂူ਄ȱɀĂ Minister Koizumiħs proposal for a Pacific oil pipeline. This ࠲ब2ਡ࠰Ɉ࠲ब෮౲Ȧ਄ɩɦɀȞɥȭɂȦ proposal triggered a revision of Russiaħs energy policy. In ෉ᄆȯɦɘȳăູɅ࠴ਡɈ຦ȧɅɉᄆɬॽෟ addition, major Japanese energy consumers, such as Tokyo ɥɜɈȦȜɤɘȳă໤႘ளࠋࢡधૢޏඨɉĂ Electric Power and Tokyo Gas have decided to purchase gas ݉ޠ௫Ɉऌཡโ௝ໃɬޑྤȳɥइൌ઄ɬ୸ from

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