1st&Mediterranean&Plant&Conserva-on&Week& “Building&a®ional&network&to&conserve&plants&and&cultural& diversity”&& Ulcinj%(Montenegro)%–%24H29%October%2016%

Se#ng&conserva-on&priori-es&is&a& priority:&case%of%Lebanese%flora%

Magda%BOU%DAGHER%KHARRAT% Hicham%el%Zein% Helen%Waked% Rana%Jardak% Rhea%Kahale% % Laboratoire%CaractérisaDon%généDque%des%plantes%H%UR%FGEMH%%% Laboratoire%de%GerminaDon%et%de%ConservaDon%des%Graines%«%Jouzour%Loubnan%»% Glacial%refuge%and%endemism%zones%

Médail&F.&&&Diadema&K.,&2009.&&Journal(of(Biogeography,(36.& Geology,%climate,%and%human%acDviDes:%% the%mould%and%sculptors%of%plant%diversity%

Human% acDviDes%

Climate% White%F.%&%Léonard%J.,%2001.%Flora%et%Vegeta2o%Mundi,%9.%%

Geography,&Geology,&Geomorphology& Carte&topographique&du&Liban&

Mont - Liban! Anti - Liban! 3000 m

Vallee de la Beqaa! 2000 m 1500 m 1000 m

Rodolphe%GHSOUB,%USJ%–%GreatMed%H%2014%

Méditerranée& Mont&Liban&

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Mount Lebanon

Bequaa valley Lebanon%precipitaDon%map% MinHmax%rainfall& 200%%–%1400%mm/year%

Monthly%average%ToC% 13%H27oC% %

Quercus%cerris%forest%

The%climate%is%Mediterranean% with%hot,%nonHrainy%(humid%on% the%coast,%dry%inland)%summers% and%warm,%moist%winters.%%

Hammada%Group%/%Artemisia%herba;alba% Rodolphe%GHSOUB,%USJ%–%GreatMed%H%2014% BioclimaDc%zones%

The%singularity%of%geomorphological%regions%give%rise%to%different%%bioYclima-c&zones&and&several&types&of&habitats,% including%several%disDnct%semiHnatural%habitats%that%have%evolved%and%adapted%to%anthropogenic%acDviDes%and%pressures.%

% Al-tude&(m)& % Mediterranean& % 0&–&500& Thermomediterranean% % % % Eumediterranean% 500Y1000& % % Supramediterranean% 1000&Y&1500& % % % 1500&Y&2000& Montagnard%mediterranean% % % >&2000& Oromediterranean% % % Pre&steppic% &mediterrannean& % 1000&Y&1500& Mediterranean% % % 1400&Y&1800& Supramediterranean% % % 1800&Y&2400& Montagnard%mediterranean% % % >&2400& Oromediterranean% (Abi%Saleh%1978,%%Atlas%du%Liban%2006)% Taanayel lac Ouyoun Ourghosh, 2800 m

Horsh Ehden natural reserve Aarsal Anti-Liban Coupe%longitudinale%du%Mont%Liban%montrant%sommets%montagneux%et%vallées.%%

Qurnat%as%Sawda%

Sannine%

Nord%

Sud% Baskinta% Vallées%

Quadisha%valley% SouthernHmost%edge%populaDons%of%many%% Ostrya%carpinifolia% “northern”%species%

Fraxinus%ornus% Abies%cilicica%

Juniperus%drupaceae% Malus%trilobata% Juniperus%excelsa% Cedrus%libani% Rhododendron% Lebanon&flora&in&a&glance!&

131%Families% 826%Genera% 2845%Taxa%

Species&richness&per&Family.% Genus&richness&per&family%

Bou%Dagher%Kharrat%M.%et%al.,%en%préparaDon.% Durmitor%NaDonal%Park,%Montenegro% Montenegro& Lebanon& 13,812%km²% 10,452%km²% 653%000%inhabitants% 6%000%000%inhabitants% Urbanized%area%raised%2,58%km2/year%between%% 1963%and%2003%%

hnp://mappemonde.mgm.fr/num7/arDcles/art05305.pdf%% Impact&humain&

Croissance%accrue%de%la%populaDon%au%niveau%des%cotes%

PopulaDon%changes%(1960H2000)%and%projecDons%to%2030,%for% the%main%ciDes%of%the%Mediterranean%countries.%% • 80&%%of%the%populaDon%is%urban%

60&%&of%the%populaDon%is%squeezed% onto%8&%%of%the%land%in%the%narrow% coastal%zone.%

In&Beirut& 2 Major&implica-ons&for&the& 1m &&=&1&000&USD&in&1990& environment&& 1m2&=&6&000&USD&In&1994& UrbanisaDon% 2008%

hnp://mappemonde.mgm.fr/num7/arDcles/art05305.pdf%%

Quarries%

overgrazing% Illegal%harvesDng%of%wild,% aromaDc%&%medicinal% plants%

23 Main&threats& HIPPO HIPPO Habitat%destrucDon% HIPPO %Invasive%species% HIPPO PolluDon% HIPPO Human%PopulaDon%raise% HIPPO OverexploitaDon% Is%it%too%late?%

Is%it%worth%conservaDon?% Each&flora&is&UNIQUE&

Result&of&different&evolu-ons& pathways&over%millions%of%years….%

Endemic%species% Paeonia%kesrouanensis%

Berberis(libano4ca&

Rhododendron(pon4cum(var.(brachycarpum&

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Is%it%worth%conservaDon?% Let’s%set%prioriDes%

Determination of Important Areas for Plants and Creation of Micro-Reserves to Conserve Rare or Endemic Species in Lebanon. Grant 63257

2013&Y&2016& ConservaDon%approaches%

Species% Habitat% KBA% IUCN%red%list% IPA% IBA% ….%

Protected&species& Protected&areas& Component&1&:%Training%on%Plant%IdenDficaDon%

Component&2&:%%IUCN%redlisDng%of%endemic%species&

Component&3&:%IdenDficaDon%of%Important%Plant%Areas%(IPAs)%

Component&4&:%CreaDon%of%3%microreserves&

Strategic%direcDons%3% Plant&iden-fica-on&:&tools%and%challenges%

16,&17&&&18&May&2014%

51%parDcipants%/%14%insDtuDons%% Shouf%Biosphere%Reserve%–%Tannourine%Reserve%H% UL%–%BAU%–%APJM%–%LARI%–%Ministry%of%Agriculture% –%NDU%–%LIU%–%SPNL%%–%UOB%–%CNRS%–%FAO%H%LRI% Component&1&:%Training%on%Plant%IdenDficaDon% ✔%

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Strategic%direcDons%3% In%the%framework%of%the%project%“Determina2on%of%Important%Areas%for%Plants%and% Crea2on%of%Micro;Reserves%to%Conserve%Rare%or%Endemic%Species%in%Lebanon”% funded%by%the%CriDcal%Ecosystem%Partnership%Fund,%The%Faculty%of%Sciences,% Saint%Joseph%University%in%collaboraDon%with%OHLife%%presents%the%workshop%on% IUCN&Redlis-ng%

16,&17&&&18&May&2014%

@% Faculté%des%sciences,%Campus%sciences%et%technologies,% Université%SaintHJoseph%% Mar%Roukoz,%Mkalles%%

Contact:%[email protected]%tél%:%01%421%382%% 31%parDcipants% %15%insDtuDons%%

USJ%–%AUB%–%LAU%–%USEK%–%Green%Hand% –%El%ard%–%NDU%–%BAU%–%LARI%–%SPNL%–% University%of%Balamand%–%Lebanese% University%–%IRAL%–%FAO%H%CNRS%

200%taxons%

First%naDonal%IUCN%redlist% Component&1&:%Training%on%Plant%IdenDficaDon% ✔%

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Species%richness% +% Trigger%species% Important%plant%area%criteria%

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Near%East%Med%Endemics%

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Religious%% Public% Private% Waqf% Ehmej,%MontHLiban%

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Site&classé& Quercus%calliprinos,%%

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# PMR%2%:%Baskinta%

%

• Targeted%species%

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• Habitat%%

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hnp://www.lebanonHflora.org/%

Version 4 Cumulative frequency of 1C-value for investigated taxa

1.0 1C (pg) versus Cumulative Frequency

0.9

0.8 very&large&

>35% 0.7 large&&

0.6 14%to%35%

0.5

0.4 intermediate&& 54.69%pg/2C%% small&& 3.5%to%14% Fri2llaria%alfredae%% 0.3 1.4%to%3.5% CumulativeFrequency

0.2

0.1 very&small& 0.0 0 <1.4%% 1 10 100

1C (pg)

0.28%pg/2C%% H%M.%Bou%Dagher%–%Kharrat,et%al.,%2013,%Plant%biosystems,%147% Hypericum%thymifolium% (4):%1H%10.%DOI:%10.1080/11263504.2013.861530% Endemic&to&Lebanon&

Paeonia mascula Paeonia kesrouanensis 2n=2x=10 chromosomes (Grèce) 2n=4x=20 chromosomes, 65pg/2C

2n=4x=20 chromosomes, 58pg/2C Bou&Dagher&–&Kharrat,%et%al.%2013.%Nuclear%DNA%CHvalues%for%biodiversity%screening:%Case%of%the%Lebanese%flora.%Plant%Biosystems.%%%

A.(ehdenensis( Astragalus%spp.% ((3.13pg/2C;(16(chromosomes),(( AbdelHSamad%et%al.,%2014&Plant%SystemaDcs%and%EvoluDon.%% 300%–%5:%819H830% Astragalus(coluteoides&& (2.17&pg/2C;&16&chromosomes)%

A. coluteoides A.(oleaofolius((12.87(pg/2C;(2n(=(12x(=(96(ch)(

A. emarginatus( (4.73(pg/2C;(16(chromosomes)(( A. ehdenensis

A. emarginatus Phylogene-c&diversity&and&genome&sizes&of&Astragalus&(Fabaceae)&

AbdelHSamad%et%al.,%2014&Plant%SystemaDcs%and%EvoluDon.%300%–%5:%819H830% “IdenDfying%species%using%%DNA%sequences”% hnp://www.barcodeoflife.org/%% Barcode(of(life% Oncocyclus%Iris%species%

In;situ% % Ex;situ% % Taxon% I.%cedre2i% I.%sofarana% I.%Sofarana%% I.%wes2i% I.%bismarkiana% I.%lorteZ% I.%an2; % % var.%kesruwana% libano2ca% Chromosomes% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% Taille%du%génome% 16.258% 16.9% 16.36% 16% 18.99% 15.45% 17

Abdel&Samad&et&al.&Compara-ve&karyotypic&analyses,&ribosomal&RNA&genes&mapping&and&heterochroma-n&papern&in&ten&Iris&taxa&from&Lebanon.&En&prépara-on% Merci& Hicham% Ramy% Christy% Tony%

Rana% Abdo% Joelle% Bouchra% Sarah% Perla% Romy% Helen% Rhea% Mahmoud%

[email protected]%% hnp://www.lebanonHflora.org;%% hnp://biodiversiteHliban.blogs.usj.edu.lb/% hnp://www.jouzourloubnan.org%% Merci&

[email protected]%% hnp://www.lebanonHflora.org;%% hnp://biodiversiteHliban.blogs.usj.edu.lb/% hnp://www.jouzourloubnan.org%% Biodiversity%ConservaDon%from%genes%to%ecosystem%