sign in sign up
<<
Home , April 1941, August 1941, May 1941

1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE NOMINATIONS Capt. Nathan Jay Roberts. THE JOURNAL Maj. Noah Louis Lord. Executive nominations received by the Capt. James William Ellis . On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by . Senate , 1941: PROMOTIONS IN THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE unanimous consent, the reading of the DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE Journal of the proceedings of Tuesday, MEDICAL CORPS August 19, 1941, was dispensed with, and Robert J. Cavanaugh, of Illlnois, to be a the Journal was approved. Foreign Service otncer, unclassified, a vice To be captains consul of career and a secretary in the Diplo­ First Lt. Angel Antonio Cardona, Medical MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT matic Service of the United States of America. Corps, with rank from July 12, 1941. Stephen E. Aguirre, of Texas, now a Foreign Messages in writing from the President First Lt. Clarence Raymond Brown, Medical of the United States were communicated Service otHer:- of class 8 and a secretary in the Corps, with rank from July 12, 194::1. Diplomatic Service, to be also a consul of the to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his United States of America. APPOINTMENT TO TEMPORARY RANK IN THE AIR secretaries. Arthur R. Wllliams, of Colorado, now a CORPS, IN THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE UNITED Foreign Service oftlcer of class 8 and a secre­ STATES EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS tary in the Diplomatic Service, to be also a TO BE COLONEL The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the consul of the United States of America. Lt. Col. Rudolph William Propst, Air Corps. Senate the following letter, which was ASSISTANT TO THE COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL TO BE LIEUTENANT COLONELS referred as indicated: REVENUE Maj. Edmund Clayton Lynch, Air Corps. REPORT ON COAST GUARD CONTRACTS Maj. Alfred August Kessler, Jr., Air Corps. Norman D. Cann, of Atlanta, Ga., to be Maj. Mervin Eugene Gros~. Air Corps. A letter from the Acting Secretary ·of the Assistant to the Commissioner of Internal TO BE MAJORS Treasury, reporting, pursuant to law, relative Revenue, to fill an existing vacancy. to contracts for Coast Guard vessels on which First Lt. Loren Boyd Hillsinger, Air Corps SELECTIVE SERVICE moneys were advanced or partial payments (temporary captain, Army of the United made from appropriations available there­ Brig. Gen. Harold H. Richardson to be State States). for to pay contractors in amounts not ex­ Director of Selective Service for Colorado First Lt. Jack Wallis Hickman, Air Corps ceeding 30 percent of the contract price, etc.; under the provisions of section 10 (a) (3) of (temporary captain, Army of the United to the Committee on Commerce. the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940. States). The compensation to be paid General Rich­ First Lt. Leighton Ira Davis, Air Corps (tem­ PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS rrdson will be in excess of $5,000 per annum, porary captain, Army of the United States). Petitions, etc., were laid before the in accordance with his rank as brigadier NoTE.-The dates of rank are omitted as Senate by the Vice President, or pre­ general in the National Guard of the United the death or other unforeseen change tn sented by a Senator, and referred as States. status of a senior officer might require a indicated: APPOINTMENT IN THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE change in the dates of rank and necessitate the renomination of these otll.cers. By the VICE PRESIDENT: UNITED STATFS Petitions of several citizens of the United TO BE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, WITH THE RANK OF States, praying that the United States keep MAJOR GENERAL, FOR A PERIOD OF 4 YEARS CONFIRMATION out of foreign war and that American troops FROM DATE OF ACCEPTANCE be not sent to fight outside the Western Executive nomination confirmed by the Hemisphere; to the Committee on Foreign Brig. Gen. Eugene Reybold (colonel, Corps Senate , 1941: of Engineers), Army of the United States, Relations. vice Maj. Gen. Julian L. Schley, Chief of En­ DIPLOMATIC AND FOREIGN SERVICE A letter from Alfred M. Kunze, of New gineers, whose term of oftlce expires October Willys R. Peck to be Envoy Extraordinary Rochelle, N. Y., submitting a plan or pro­ 17, 1941. and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United posal for peace; to the Committee on For­ TEMPORARY APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY OF States of America to Thailand. eign Relations. THE UNITED STATES A petition of sundry citizens of the State of , praying for the enactment Lt. Col. Richard Kerens Sutherland, In­ of the bill (S. 860) to provide for the common fantry, to be brigadier general in the Army defense in relation to the sale of alcoholic of the United States, under the provisions of SENATE liquors to the members of the land and naval section 127a, National Defense Act, as amend­ THURSDAY, AuGUST 21, 1941 forces of the United States and to provide for ed by an act of Congress approved September the suppression of vice in the vicinity of 9, 1940. m111tary camps and naval establishments; to Frederick Henry Osborn to be brigadier Rev. Hunter M. Lewis, B. D., assistant rector, Church of the Epiphany, Wash­ the table. general in the Officers' Reserve Corps in the By Mr. CAPPER: Army of the United States. ington, D. C., offered the following A petition, numerously signed, of sundry APPOINTMENT IN THE REGULAR ARMY prayer: citizens of Stockton, Kans., praying for the TO BE SECOND LIEUTENANT, INFANTRY, Wl'rH 0 God, almighty and merciful, who art enacting of the bill (S. 860) to provide for the RANK FROM DATE OF APPOINTMENT a strength to the poor and needy, a common defense in relation to the sale of Second Lt. John Paul Beall, Infantry Re­ refuge from the storm, and a shadow alcoholic liquors to the members of the land serve. and naval forces of the United States and to from the heat of life when its blast is provide for the suppression of vice in the APPOINTMENTS, BY TRANSFER, IN THE REGULAR as a furnace of fire: Remember in pity, vicinity of mllitary camps and naval estab­ ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES we beseech Thee, such of Thy children lishments; to the table. TO ADJUTANT GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT as are this day destitute, homeless, or OLD-AGE ASSISTANCE-PETITIONS Maj. George Edward Isaacs, Infantry, with forgotten of their fellow beings, and com­ rank from June 15, 1941. fort and succor all who suffer through Mr. CAPPER. Mr. President, I pre­ TO QUARTERMASTER CORPS violence and cruelty at the hands of sent a petition sponsored by the Town­ Lt. Col. Andrew Jackson Wynne, Cavalry, men. Relieve the distressed, protect the sendites and their friends, of Topeka, with rank from , 1940. innocent, awaken the guilty, and grant Kans., urging that House bill 1036, the TO ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT that by the power of Thy Holy Spirit old-age pension bill, receive action at the present session of Congress. It bears the First Lt. Eldred George Robbins, Jr., Field those who have forsaken Thee may be Artillery (temporary captain, Army of the set free from the chains of sin, to serve signature of several hundred citizens. United States), with rank from June 12, 1939. Thee in newness of life. I also present a second petition, nu­ TO SIGNAL CORPS Hasten the day of Thy peace, 0 Lord, merously signed by residents of Topeka, First Lt. Wilfred Henry Tetley, Cavalry when the children of men shall turn from who are members and friends of the (temporary captain, Army of the United the violence and destruction of war, to Men's Fellowship Class, urging the en­ States), with rank from June 12, 1939. consecrate their strength, energy, zeal, actment of adequate old-age pension APPOINTMENTS IN THE REGULAR ARMY and sacrifice, to the succor of the poor, laws. I ask that these two petitions be re­ The following-named officers of the Judge the relief of the oppressed, the healing of Advocate General's Department Reserve to be the sick, and the rebuilding of a world to ferred to the Committee on Finance. captains, Judge Advocate General's Depart­ Thy honor and glory. We ask it in the The VICE PRESIDENT. The peti­ ment, with rank from date of appointment: name of Him who alone bringest light tions presented by the Senator from Kan­ Capt. Tom Hughes Barratt. out of darkness, and good out of evil, Thy sas will be referred to the Committee on Capt. Riley McClain. Son, Jesus Christ, Our Saviour. Amen. Finance. 7214 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE AUGUST 21 REPORT OF A COMMITTEE [From PM of August 18, 1941] Can we afford not to pay them what they're The following report of the Commit­ IS $30 OR $40 A MONTH DECENT PAY FOR OUR worth and what they should be getting? SoLDIERS? But dismiss that and take a look at the tee on Public Buildings and Grounds was story at the bottom of this page. It isn't easy submitted: When you sto:1 to think about it, the reading because it deals with big figures, but strange thing about our Army is that it By Mr. MALONEY: it does give you a basis to compare the cost of doesn't offer just about the best-paid jobs in an army pay increase with some other ex·· H. R. 5146. A bill to amend an act entitled the country. If our democracy is going to "'An act to authorize the Secretary of War to penditures. That is probably the only way survive in a world stormed by armed fascism, you can get at it, unless you can comprehend proceed with the construction of certain pub­ it is going to be because our soldiers are bet­ lic works in connection with the War Depart­ ter than the Germans, and because our Army the box-car figures of Government finances. ment in the District of Columbia," approved is able to destroy their soldiers more effective­ Maybe an item that runs into the hundreds June 15, 1938; with amendments (Rept. No. ly than they can destroy ours. But you'd of millions is hard to understand, but a $lO-a­ 665). never guess it from the pay. month raise for soldiers that comes out to less than we spend for spare engines and spare ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION TO EN­ Because we think it is important to the country and to the 1,443,500 men who make parts for bombers can be undel"stood. Evi­ LISTED MEN-BILL INTRODUCED up the enlisted ranks, which include 681,000 dence that raises-even substantial raises-­ would not disturb the defense program or Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. President, I in­ draftees, we on PM have been looking into the subject recently. The first thing we Government finances is found in the fact that troduce a bill to provide for payment of found out is that if you're going to consider casually, during debate on the draft extension additional compensation, after the ter­ Army wages on a reasonable ·basis, you've bill, a $10 raise for 1-year men was put in mination of their service, to enlisted got to get straight on a couple of angles that without the question's even being raised, so men who serve in the land and naval enter into Army service. far as we could find out. · forces of the United States during the First is good, old-fashioned patriotism. It All this is just part of the story but it does present emergency. doesn't have a thing in the world to do with show that we could and should pay our sol­ the question of how much a soldier should be diers more. How much is something else­ Very often, after one has reached a paid, for the simple reason that you can't buy certainly enough to give them something conclusion and meditates upon it he patriotism, and this country will inspire comparable to a decent living wage outside decides that the original conclusion was whatever patriotism it deseTVes whether or the Army. wrong. On the other hand, sometimes not it pays its soldiers well. But, because a . On the next four pages we tell something the passage of time makes one more man is patriotic, should he have to hitch­ of what we have been able to learn on the certain that he was correct. At the time hike when he goes to town for an evening? subject. On succeeding days we will complete we were considering the measure provid­ Second is the matter of sacrifice. Every the picture as we have been able to get it.­ ing for the extension of service of the man in the Army makes a reral sacrifice to be John P. Lewis. there, and some will pay with their lives. selectees I presented to the Senate an You can't pay for that. You can't measure WHAT IT WouLn CosT To UP PAY amendment increasing the pay of mem­ it in money. But should a man who is will­ bers of the armed forces of the United Exclusive of officers, America's Army totaled ing to sacrifice in the larger sense be called 1,443,500 men on . To increase the States by the sum of $30 a month. By on for smaller sacrifice as a special penalty? pay of e·..-ery one of those soldiers $10 a month a very narrow margin that amendment Isn't he still entitled to smoke tailor-made would cost the Nation only $14,435,000 a was defeated, but an amendment pro­ cigarettes the same as before he joined the month, or $173,220,000 a year. posed by the Senator from Army? To the boys in uniform that's a lot of [Mr. MEAD] to increase the pay $10 a In our check-up of the pay question, we dough, but to the Nation as a whole it is of found it does have a very real bearing on the little or no significance. month was adopted by the Congress and matter of morale. We'll discuss that at great­ is now or will soon be in effect. It is only a fraction of 1 percent of the er length later. We found it does bring up $17,981,000,000 appropriated for our military Mr. President, I am more than ever the same questions of decency and fair play forces ($13,487,000,000 for the Army and convinced that the morale of our Army and human dignity and security that come $4,494,000,000 for the Navy) in the fiscal year and simple human justice require that up in private enterprises when it comes to that ended last June. And the comparable men whom we force to become members fixing a wage scale. sum for this fiscal year is already $17,000,- of our armed forces be paid reasonable On the soldier's side, we found it centers 00,000. around small but very real things, like the The appropriation for military pay in the and fair compensation, to be determined lack of the price of a bus ride to town, lack by the prevailing wages of men working fi:cal year we're in now ( 1942) is $1,208,- of money to take a girl out for an evening, 000,000. A $10-a-month raise for every sol­ in the United States. Consequently, the lack of wherewithal to do the things that dier would only make it $1,381,000,000 and bill I introduce calls for the payment of young people work for, to say nothing of the a $20-a-month raise would only send it up an additional sum of $30 a month to all hopeless prospect of laying by enough to get to $1,554,000,000. members of the armed forces of the married, or sending a few dollars home ·to the folks, or putting something away against the SOME COMPARISONS United States, the payment to be retro­ day the Germans are licked and the Army This year's appropriation for clothing the active to September 1 of last year and won't need men. Army, $175,000,000, is more than the sum to continue until 6 months after the What is Army pay, that it won't do these required to give the men $10 a month more; present emergency has passed, whatever things? Well, it is $21 a month for the first and the 1942 appropriation for spare engines sum is earned to be payable in monthly 4 months, $30 a month up to 1 year, and and spare parts for bombers is vastly more­ installments of $30 after the discharge after that, due to a change just voted, it will $245,000,000. of the members of the armed forces. be $40 a month. Which isn't a complete If the soldiers' pay were raised only as they picture, because the enlisted man gets his became better soldiers-at the end of a year's I ask unanimous consent to have food, clothes, and a place to sleep. The story training, say-it would be even less of a drain printed in the RECORD immediately fol­ on the next pages goes into that. It esti­ on the Treasury. There is talk of an army lowing my remarks editorials and special mates that if you figure those· in on a cash of 3,000,000 or 4,000,000 men as the defense article from the magazine PM of August basis, the $30 soldier is getting about the program continues, but it is estimated that 18, 19, and 20, relative to the issue raised equivalent of a man paid $90 a month or less only about three-fifths of them would be by the bill. in . eligible at any one time for raises taking The VICE PRESIDENT. The bill will Anrl how does this theoretical $90 a month effect at the end of the first year's training. be received and appropriately referred, compare with pay in other Government jobs About 120,000 men w11I be released this or for similar work? The postmen get $150 year at the end of a year of service because and, without objection, the articles will to $166 a month. Here in New York, we pay they have reached 28 or for other special be printed in the RECORD, as requested by our policemen and firemen $100 a month the reasons. the Senator from . .first 6 months, then $166 a month, and by the NO OUTCRIES IN CONGRESS The bill ------1.00 prevailing living standard is a vital factor in the bonus and to provide vocational educa­ Housewife kit (buttons, needles, thread, computing fairly the base pay of men in mili­ tion for the veterans-both in the nature of scissors, safety pins)------1. 75 tary service. belated salary payments. The bonus cost Blitz powder (to clean metal)------. 50 There is a tendency to take the present $3,800,000,000; vocational education $645,- Face soaP------.30 Army wage for granted. Soldiers have never 000,000. Candy, sweet cakes, soft drinks, gum received more than a pittance, it is argued, so This money was split among about 4,000,- (big items, buddy, particularly the why change now? Several good reasons exist 000 veterans and their survivors. The aver­ . sweets)------5.00 for changing now. Here are some of them: age World war soldier served a little less than Let's add up what we have right here be­ Morale is a most vital factor in the new 12 months. If the money had been divided fore we even start thinking of getting the type of war, the war of nerves. An important up at the time, it would have amounted to soldier out of camp for a night-even once element in army morale is the soldier's feel­ very close to $10 a month. a month. ing that he isn't being pushed around and It would cost only $173,220,000 a year now The total right now is $23.44. that his folks back home are being provided to raise the wages of the present Army of Subtract $5 for the items he has to buy for. This has been deeply stressed in the 1,443,500 men by $10 a month. Even if the only once, and to allow for savings through and in , where the sol­ Army expands to 2,000,000 men, the cost skimping, and it still comes to about $18. dier gets the best of everything and is as­ would be only $240,000,000 a year. Present We haven't got him paying for a bus ride sured that his family on the home front is not pay is $21 a month for 4 months, $30 up to 1 to, say, Trenton, the closest city. When he in need. That's one reason for the relatively year and $40 after that. gets there-or anywhere away from camp-he high morale of Soviet and German troops. At that rate, if the Government paid the might want a beer, at 10 cents a glass. Or The average American draftee was a bread­ men $10 more a month· for 5 years, or $20 see a movie at 24 cents. winner before he went into service. Although more for 21h years, the cost would be only a He has u days off a month-saturday and men with dependents were deferred by the little more than one-fourth of what the be­ Sunday four times-and there are also those draft boards, many of those inducted came lated payments to World War veterans cost. Friday nightb after 5:30 retreat. What's he from families that depended on the combined The Government could double the present going to use for money if he wants to go wages of several members In such families pay of the Army, even if it expands past the places? the loss of the inducted wage earner may have 2,000,000-man mark, for 5 years and still it We haven't even mentioned newspapers, seriously lowered the standard of living, even wouldn't cost as much as the belated pay­ books, and magazines. They cost him just if it hasn't plunged the family below the de­ ments to the World War veterans. what they cost you. pendency line. Whether employed or not be­ Most Members of Congress concede that fore getting into the service, the average sol­ dier would get a great lift in morale if he could Army pay is inadequate compared with what [From PM of August 19, 1941] the men would get in other jobs. The only send some money home-if he felt he was argument advanced against paying what PAUPER PAY FOR SOLDIERS Is USED AS ANTI­ contributing to the family's well-being in­ might be considered a going wage is the LABOR WEAPON stead of being a total economic loss to it. aggregate cost. "How would the Government (By Albert Deutsch) He certainly can't do it on $21 or $30 a month, ever pay for it?" is the usual query. The phoniest, most hypocritical antilabor which doesn't even take care of his own laun­ These figures indicate that sooner or later argument I've heard since the onset of the dry, cigarettes, transportation, stamps, ade­ the bill has got to be paid anyway. The cur­ defense emergency is the one now making quate recreation, and other needs. rent cost of giving every enlisted man now in the rounds. It goes like this: EQUALITY OF SACRIFICE service a $30-a-month raise for 1 year­ "It's a crime for workers to strike for bigger Raising the base pay of Army men to $60 $519,660,000-is only about 11 percent of the pay when our boys in Army camps get a could have a favorable effect on morale in cost of the last post-war bonus and vocational measly $21 a month." other ways.. It would help level off the pre­ education. This piece of chicanery has been dinned vailing inequality of sacrifice which breeds into our ears so often, especially by reaction­ morale-weakening resentments among induc­ [From PM of August 18, 1941] aries in Congress, that a lot of well-meaning tees and their families. POOR MORALE IN ARMY LAID TO COOLIE WAGES people have come to accept it as a valid argu­ Don't forget, too, that this is a civilian OF SOLDIERS ment against strikes. More serious, it is army, made up of men from all walks of life, building up resentment against labor among representing R faithful cross section of Ameri­ (By Joseph Cummiskey) men in the Army, which is no help to na­ can youth. A large number of men have given If one thing is certain in their minds, it's tional morale. Incidentally, it diverts public up well-paying jobs on being inducted. Oth­ this: $21 a ·month (pay for the first 4 months} attention from the biggest c,ontradiction of ers had to postpone promising careers. All LY..XXVII--456 7216 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE AUGUST 21 are entitled to a decent minimum. This Is always comes at such times, lt seems to me Then Senator DowNEY tried to get a record total war, involving not merely armies but that is the least we can do for these soldiers." vote on his amendment, but the Senate re­ whole populations. What right have we to Senator CARL HATCH (Democrat, New Mex­ fused to give it to him. Twelve Senators ask men already prepared to risk life and ico) also supported the Downey amendment. asked for the record vote, but the Chair ruled limb for their country to take, besides, a far He proposed that Congress also should con­ it was not enough. Later Senator BENNETT greater economic loss than all other sections tinue the social-security payments the men CLARK (Democrat, Missouri) questioned this of the popula tlon? would be accumulating if they were in pri­ ruling. He charged tha~ many of the Senators Another point: The present Army pay, vate employment. did not want to have their votes recorded. though liberalized since the draft, still fol­ Democratic Leader ALBEN W. BARKLEY Senator JAMES M. MEAD (Democrat, New lows the traditional view that soldiers should (Democrat, Kentucky) asked why men should York) then offerE>d the amendment that was get no more than the rate granted to the be paid more after a year than during the finally adopted, raising the pay $10 a month lowest-paid, unskilled laborer. The tasks of first year of service. after a year's servi£e. He argued that it was soldiers in former times, it is true, were Senator LEE replied that the men had only fair in view of the bonus given Regular mostly simple and routine in nature, not par­ expected to get out after a year. soldiers ard sailors for reenlistment. DAVID ticularly hazardous in the long stretches of "Now," he said, "Congress comes along and I. WALSH, chairman of the Naval Committee, peace between wars, and not much more diffi­ says to them: 'On account of the emergency, ·poke for the Mead amendment we ask you to continue your service; and in cult than those of unskilled workers. But Before it was finally voted on, Senator En­ modern blitz warfare, highly mechanized and order to offset to some extent the economic WIN C. JoHNSON (Democrat, Colorado) pro­ swift moving, requires far greater technical disadvantages you might suffer by virtue of posed a horizontal increase of 25 percent for skill, intelUgence, and alertness of the soldier. that service, we will allow you an additional all enlisted men. He said was paying The revolutionary change in war tactics justi­ $30 a month.' its soldiers $1.30 a day as compared with the fies a new orientation toward Army wages, "The theory on which I am supporting starting pay in the of 75 which should now be adjusted to harmonize paying the money in $30 monthly install­ cent s. with skilled, not unsldlled, pay rates. ments after the man is discharged is that it would cushion the economic shock he would Senator JoHNsoN's &mendment was de­ This question of Army pay is not one of feated by a single vote--37 to 36. Senator patriotism but of simple justice. There is face when he comes out of the service and attempts to readjust himself in life." MEAD's $10 raise was then approved, 39 to 34. little logic in the sort of thinking that ac­ The opposition vot e included many Senators cepts the fact of big profits reaped out of the CUSHION FOR COLLAPSE favoring higher pay-senator HATCH among war emergency but stands aghast at the idea Senator DowNEY added that after the war them-who voted against it because it had of granting a decent minimum wage to there would be a "tremendous collapse of never been considered by the committee. soldiers as an unseemly and unpatriotic act. purchasing power" and that the payments to In the House the story was similar. Repre­ In terms of costs the returns in morale, the soldiers would cushion this collapse. sentative ARTHUR D. HEALEY (Democrat, Mas­ apart from the question of justice, would be Senator LEE said that during the World sachusetts) offered the $10-raise plan as "a worth a good deal more than the battleships, War every soldier who gave up a job paying ·matter of simple justice." It was approved, tanks, and planes that could be bought with him $7 a day to go into the Army took an 131 to 84. an equivalent sum. economic loss of $1,800 if he was in the Representative JERRY VooRHIS (Democrat, service 16 months. California) offered the Downey plan for a $30 [From PM of , 1941] "I know we cannot pay for patriotism," he deferred-pay increase. He rresented the same said, "but I do not believe we should penalize arguments as the Senators who favored it, but Is $30 OR $40 DECENT PAY FOR OUR SOLDIERS?­ it, either." CONGRESSMEN DoN'T THINK So, BUT FAIL TO the House turned it down without a record Replying to a comment by Senator CARL yote on the plea of ANDREW MAY chairman of ACT-INCREASES DEDATED IN BOTH HOUSES HAYDEN (Democrat, ) that the Downey WHEN DRAFT BILL WAS UP--ONLY OPPOSI­ the Military Affairs Committee, who objected plan would cost $540,000,000 a year, Senator that in view of the $10 raise already voted, it TION WAS ON THE GROUNDS OF INSUFFICIENT LEE said that figure merely Ehowed how much STUDY was "stacking mercy on top of money." the soldiers were sacrificing, and it would he In both Houses the debate showed clearly (By Nathan Robertson) easier on the Government to take the loss that Members of Congress were not anxious Both Houses of Congress debated pay than for the men to take it. Senator DowNEY told the Senate the War to go on tecord in favcr of the present pay increases for the men in the military services scales in the Army and ~avy . during consideration of the draft-extension Department had drafted his amendment. He said the Department did not take any ADDRESS BY REAR ADMIRAL BYRD AT bill. Not a single Member of either body position on it, feeling the question was one challenged the contention that the men were MADISON SQUARE GARDEN RALLY OF for Congress to decide, but "they had no COUNCIL ~OR DEMOCRACY underpaid. opposition to it." Proposals were offered to double and even Senator HATCH berated the Senate for quib­ . [Mr. BARKLEY asked and obtained leave to have printed in the RECORD the address to quadruple the pay of men serving more b ~ ing over the pay raise, saying: than a year. Congress finally compromised "I do not like the idea of bearing down on delivered by Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd at on a fiat increase of $10 a month after the the men who are giving all their time every the mass meeting of the Council for Democ­ first year, but no one contended it was day, and rossibly will give their lives as well, racy, held at Madison Square Garden, New enough. Amendments to provide bigger in­ ln.. the interest of the country." York City, Tuesday, August 19, 1941, which creases were rejected on the argument that appears in the Appendix.] they had not been studied sufficiently, not BASIS OF OPPOSITION When Set.F.tor DowNEY estimated that THE GAS CRISIS-EDITORIAL FROM on the ground that they were unjustified. WASHINGTON TIMES-HERALD Reaction to the proposals indicated a drive present Army pay corresponds to civilian pay for adequate pay would have a good chance of about $80 a month, which is far below [Mr. MALONEY asked and obtained leave to get through. unless the pressure groups what defense workers are getting, Senator to have printed in the RECORD an editorial that always fight against appropriations, JoHN H. OvERTON, Democrat, of Louisiana, from the Washington Times-Herald of Au­ regardless of their merits, were allowed to suggested that th ~ increase should go to $80 gust 20, 1941, entitled "Is the Gas Crisis decide the issue. a month, or perhaps $100. Real?" which appears in the Appendix.} Opposition to the Downey amendment was STARTED BY DOWNEY led by Sen.1tor LISTER HILL, Democrat, of Ala­ CONFERENCES BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT The pay fight started in the Senate with bama, on the ground that the Military Af­ AND THE BRITISH PRIME MINISTER the offering of an amendment by Senator fairs Committee had not had time to study (H. DOC. NO. 358) SHERIDAN DOWNEY (Democrat, California) in­ it. Senator HATCH said he was "irritated" by The VICE PRESIDENT. Morning creasing by $30 a month the pay of all men the suggesticn that the Senate had the nec­ business is closed. in the military services more than a year, ~sary information to keep the men in tae except officers. The money would not be Army for another 18 months, but did not The Chair lays before the Senate a paid now but given to the men in monthly have sufficient information to increase their message from the President of the United installments after they were discharged from pay. States, which will be read. the service. Another m6mber of the Militar Affairs The legislative clerk read as follows: Senator DowNEY said he was not offering Commit tee, Senat01· .f.LEERT B. CHANDLER, Democrat, of Kentucky, promised Senator it as a propoEal for a bonus but to provide To the Congress of the United States: additional compensation. Senator JosH LEE DowNEY that if ile would introduce his pro­ (Democrat, Oklahoma) supported the pro­ posal as a separate bill the committee would Over a week ago I held several impor­ posal, saying it amounted to "a mere $2 a be diligent in considering it. Senator LEE, tant conferences at sea with the British day" for soldiers "engaged in the most haz­ however, objected to this, calling it merely a Prime Minister. Because of the factor of ardous of all occupations." move to shelve the plan. safety to British, Canadian, and Ameri­ "In the light of wages which are being Senator WILLIAM LANGER, Republican, of can ships and their personnel, no prior received by those who are not in the service," North Dakota, offered an amendment to in­ Senator LEE said, "and in the light of the crease the additional pay from $30 a month announcement of these meetings could profits which are being received by those in to $100 a month, but it was quickly uefeated properly be made. industry and by all persons who are able to without a record vote. Attempts to get a At the close, a public statement by the take advantage of an inflation period which record vote were beaten down. Prime Minister and the President was 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 7217 made. I quote it for the information of lighten for peace-loving peoples the crushing ·has been made, and the members of the the Congress and for the record: burden of armaments. committee to whom it was presented, "FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. who constituted a majority, voted unani­ The President of the United States and the "WlNSTON S. CHURCHILL." Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill, representing . mously to report favorably the joint reso­ His Majesty's Government in the United The Congress and the President having lution. Kingdom, have met at sea. heretofore determined through the Lend Therefore, from the Committee on Ag­ They have been accompanied by officials of Lease Act or. the national policy of Amer­ riculture and Forestry, I report favorably, their two Governments, including high-rank­ ican aid to the democracies which east without amendment, Senate Joint Reso­ ing officers of their military, naval, and air and west are waging war against dicta­ lution 104 to provide for the general wel­ services. The whole problem of the supply of mu­ torships, the military and naval conver­ fare by investigations into the origin of nitions of war, as provided by the Lease Lend sations at these meetings made clear and causes of the disease of encephalitis, Act, for the armed forces of the United States gains in furthering the effectiveness of and for other purposes. Inasmuch as the and for those countries actively engaged in this aid. joint resolution is an authorization meas­ resisting aggression has been further ex­ Furthermore, the Prime Minister and ure, and involves the appointment of an amined. I are arranging for conferences with the Encephalitis Control Board, the object Lord Beaverbrook, the Minister of Supply Soviet Union to aid it in its defense of which is to prevent the spread of this of the British Government, has joined in these conferences. He is going to proceed to against the attack made by the principal infectious disease, I now ask whether Wat:hington to discuss further details with aggressor of the modern world-Ger- action may not be had today on the joint appropriate officials of the United States Gov­ many. - resolution? ernment. These conferences will also cover Finally, the declaration of principles Mr. BARKLEY. Has the joint resolu­ the supply problems of the Soviet Union. at this time presents a goal which . is tion been placed on the calendar, and. if The President and the Prime Minister have worth while for our type of civilization so, what is its calendar number? had several conferences. They have consid­ to seek. It is so clear-cut that it is diffi­ Mr. McNARY. I am referring to Sen­ ered the dangers to world civilization arising cult to oppose in any major particular ate Joint Resolution 104. from the policies of military domination by conquest upon which the Hitlerite govern­ without automatically admitting a will­ Mr. BARKLEY. I do not see it on the ment of Germany and other governments ingness to accept compromise with nazi­ calendar. It could not have been on the associated therewith have embarked, and ism; or to agree to a world peace which calendar since it was reported a few mo­ have made clear the steps which their coun­ would give to nazi-ism domination over ments ago. tries are respectively taking for their safety large numbers of conquered nations. The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint in the face of these dangers. Inevitably such a peace would be a gift to resolution has not yet received a calendar They have agreed upon the following joint nazi-ism to take breath-armed breath­ number. declaration: for a second war to' extend the control Mr. BARKLEY. It has been reported "Joint declaration of the President of the over Europe and Asia ·to the American to the Senate. United States of America and the Prime Min­ ister, Mr. Churchill, representing His Maj­ Hemisphere itself. Mr. McNARY. Yes; I reported it to esty's Government in the United Kingdom, It is perhaps unnecessary for me to the Senate. I ask that the title of the being met together, deem it right to make call attention once more to the utter lack joint resolution be stated for the infor­ known certain common principles in the na­ of validity of the spoken or written word mation of the Senate. tional policies of their respective countries on of the Nazi government. The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk which they base their hopes for a better fu­ It .is also unnecessary for me to point will state the title of the joint resolution ture for the world. out that the declaration of principles in­ for the information of the Senate. "First. Their countries seek no aggrandize­ The LEGISLATIVE CLERK. A joint reso­ ment. territorial or other; cludes of necessity the world need for "Second. They desire to see no territorial freedom of religion and freedom of infor­ lution