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Model of Development of Castle Tourism As Living Monumen in Bali

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Model of Development of Castle Tourism As Living Monumen in Bali 8th International Science, Social Science, Engineering and Energy Conference 15th-17th March,2017, The A-ONE Royal Cruise Hotel, Pattaya Beach, Thailand 8th International Science, Social Science, Engineering and Energy Conference I-SEEC 2017 15th-17th March, 2017, The A-ONE Royal Cruise Hotel, Pattaya Beach, Thailand http://iseec2017.pnru.ac.th Model of Development of Castle Tourism as Living Monumen in Bali A Comparative Study of a Web-based Concordance for Self- Correction and Traditional Method in English Writing of Irma Rahyuda Undergraduate Students Faculty of Tourism, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia [email protected] S. Thitapa Faculty of Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, 10250,Abstract Thailand [email protected] The purpose of this study is to identify the current condition of the King's Palace in Bali as a living monument in preserving the cultural heritage of the king and his descendants, which became a tourism destination. This study takes a synchronic and diachronic approach by looking at tangible or intangible aspects. The method used is a descriptive Abstract qualitative data collection technique by observation (direct observation) and in-depth interviews with informants who The purpose of this research was to compare the studies on using a Web-based concordancehave been determined for self- using a purposive sampling technique. This study will be analyzed by descriptive interpretation correction and traditional method in English writing of undergraduate students whoto discover enrolled information in Essay about the condition of the castle then conducting a survey on the category of the castle that is Writing course in the first semester of the 2015 academic year at Rajamangala Universitystill active/live of Technology or if it still has the potential to be a main castle in the nine regencies in Bali. Thanyaburi, obtained by convenient sampling. The research sample consisted of The40 Englishresults showedmajor that a castle’s condition today in Bali can be classified in three ways (1) the castle is inclusive; students divided into 2 classes equally. The research instruments comprised a web-based(2) exclusive concordancer and (3) of does not exist. Castles that are inclusive means that they are accessible to the public as a tourist Lextutor, pretest and posttest, grammatical error-correction tasks, questionnaire andattraction. in-depth Thereinterview. are 16 inclusive castles, with makes up 15.09% in the total numbers of castles in Bali. Exclusive Statistics for data analysis were the percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-test to compare how castles are not open for public access; there are 83 exclusive castles with 78.30% having the potential to be revitalized significantly different the treatment from control group. Research findings indicated that the posttest scores of the students in the experimentalfollowing group weredamage, higher and some castles are sacred or the owners object to opening their castle to the public. Non-existent than the pretest scores at the .05 level of statistical significance. The students heldcastles a positive amounted attitude to 7 castles with a percentage of 6.60%. The research showed that Bali has considerable importance toward the web-based concordancer for self-error correction in writing and perceivedas the a touristcorpus destination approach in castle tourism if castle management allow access to the public to revitalize the potential of as beneficial to the development of their writing skill. castles. Keywords: Tourist Attraction, Tourist Development, Cultural Tourism, Castle Tourism, Living Monument Web-based Concordancer, Self-correction, English Writing, Undergraduate Students 1. Introduction Indonesia is an archipelago of more than 17,100 islands and 300 main ethnic groups that offers numerous culturally and naturally rich tourist destinations. Tangible or intangible cultural heritage is one of the tourist attractions that can be used to attract more visitors. However, the UNESCO World Heritage List [1] has designated only four World Heritage Sites in Indonesia: Borobudur Temple Compounds (1991), Cultural landscape of Bali Province: the Subic System as a manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy (2012), Prambanan Temple Compounds (1991) and Sangiran Early Man Site (1996). This is an indicator that cultural heritage in Indonesia lacks world recognition. This recognition is, however, relatively better than that of other countries in South East Asia, as Indonesia has a much larger and richer cultural heritage. Not only is the cultural heritage of a tourist destination important for increasing the number of visitors, but it leads to job creation and increased tax revenues, and stimulates local entrepreneurialism [2]. Despite the importance of cultural heritage for the tourism industry, Indonesia has thousands of hidden and untapped cultural heritages (in both tangible and intangible forms). Cultural heritage tourism is an opportunity to increase awareness of the importance of heritage and can significantly increase economic revenues from tourism. Attempts to capture the full social and economic value of cultural heritage within Indonesia have remained incomplete and only skim the surface. Centers for cultural manifestation may lead to a greater understanding between culturally diverse societies and may break down barriers and prevent conflicts. The development of a country's cultural heritage may also play a crucial role in urban regeneration and rural development as well as improve the educational development of societies. In good tourism development, key stakeholders adopt an integrated approach in the planning for tourism and cultural heritage management where important cultural heritage sites are protected and tourism is developed in a 8th International Science, Social Science, Engineering and Energy Conference 709 Part: Humanities and Social Science sustainable and responsible way according to the local context. Sustainable cultural heritage tourism has the potential to be a major income generator and an important instrument for the preservation of the cultural heritages of national and religious communities within Indonesia and the country generally. One of the most important forms of cultural heritage in Indonesia is castles, palaces or temples. This cultural heritage was developed over a period of almost 1,500 years from the 6th to the 18th century when Indonesia was ruled by large and small kingdoms. The histories of these properties were also uniquely linked and influenced by the regime of the rulers, such as the Sriwijaya Buddhist Kingdom, the Hindu Majapahit Kingdoms, and the Malay Islamic culture. Some of the palace buildings are still very well maintained and even became home to the king and his descendants. The cultural heritage of these buildings includes all activities associated with cultural traditions still practiced in everyday life and these enhance the tourist attraction of the destination. The castle or palace buildings that are not used as a residence are usually used as a museum or remain empty. This category is more numerous and generally more susceptible to damage both in tangible and intangible cultural aspects. The short summary above lays the foundations for our proposition about the important role of cultural heritage, particularly of castles and palaces, for the tourism industry in Indonesia. Identification and evaluation are a vital part of compiling the castles and palaces because this process may highlight some form of heritage conservation and protection. However, despite the tourist popularity of visiting heritage sites and participating in cultural activities, relatively little attention has been given to the cultural and heritage tourism of castles and palaces in Bali. Thus, this research will investigate (1) the current condition of castles and palaces at tourist destinations in Bali (2) What are the potential existing tangible and intangible aspects of castles or palaces as tourist destinations in Bali? (3) How to develop castle tourism as living monuments in Bali? As castles and palaces are rooted in history and local culture, this study will investigate tangible and intangible cultural aspects and their contribution to sustainable tourism development, and the role of relevant stakeholders. This research is the first to list the castles and palaces in Bali, along with their tangible and intangible cultural heritages, and it will be a synchronic and diachronic analysis which will determine castle/palace activity to access whether castles and palaces in Bali are living or dead monuments. 2. Methods This research method used descriptive qualitative data collection techniques and observation (direct observation) with in-depth interviews with informants who have been determined using a purposive sampling technique. A qualitative approach is based on the rational that it provides contextual understanding about variables. This study will be analyzed by a descriptive interpretation to uncover information about the condition of the castles which are still classed as active in Bali with identifying castle or palace of the king then inventory by conducting a survey on the category of the castle that is still active/live or still has the potential of the entire castle principal in all nine regencies in Bali. 3. Result and Discussion 3.1 Current Condition of Castles and Palaces at Tourist Destinations in Bali The existence of castles in Bali is rooted far back in its history.
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