InternationalInternational SpaceSpace StationStation ResearchResearch CapabilitiesCapabilities inin LifeLife && PhysicalPhysical SciencesSciences EarlyEarly UtilizationUtilization ResultsResults

Julie A. Robinson, Ph.D., ISS Program Scientist NRC Decadal Survey, 7 May 2009 1 Outline

• ISS Research facilities and laboratory configuration • Resources for research: upmass, downmass, crewtime • Organization of ISS Program to provide Multi- user Support • Overview of early utilization during assembly • Resources for more information

2 NASANASA ResearchResearch OutfittingOutfitting 2 Human Research 6 ExPRESS Racks Materials Science Window Observational Facility Racks Research Rack Research Facility 3A with HRF-1 1 2A EMCS Muscle Atrophy Research Exercise System (MARES)

Fluids Integrated HRF-2 4 5 with 6 with Rack (FIR) MELFI-3 S’DRUMS Galley

Microgravity Minus Eighty-Degree Combustion Science Laboratory Freezer for ISS Integrated Rack MELFI-2 ExPRESS-7 and 8 (?) Glovebox (MELFI) (CIR) (MSG)

Added for National Lab 2001-20082009 2010 3 ESAESA andand JAXAJAXA ResearchResearch OutfittingOutfitting

Biolab European European European Fluid Science Drawer Rack Physiology Transport Lab (EDR) Module Carrier (FSL) (EPM) (ETC) ESA

EuTEF Solar

JAXA

Kobairo Multi-Purpose Ryutai Saibo (Gradient Heating Small PayloadRack (Fluids) (Cell Biology) Furnace) 2008 2010 4 5 COLUMBUS MODULE RESEARCH RACK TOPOLOGY Configured at Pre-Launch -- Flight STS-119 / Stage 15A Biological Sciences Human Research AVCO = Air Volume Closeout FSL Physical Sciences overhead ZSR ZSR ZSR Bio Lab = ESA Biolab Facility (ESA) and Materials C EDR = European Drawer Rack Research O EXPR-3 EPM = European Physiology Module aft HRF-2 Bio Lab L EPM (ARIS) (NASA) (ESA) (ESA) ETC = European Transport Carrier Multipurpose U (NASA) EXPR-# (ARIS) = EXPRESS Rack-number M (Active Rack Isolation System) Systems ETC deck B System System System FSL = Fluid Science Laboratory (ESA) and Stowage U HRF-# = Human Research Facility-number S MSG = Microgravity Science Glovebox NASA Systems forward HRF-1 MSG EDR forward AVCO ZSR = Zero-Gravity Stowage Rack Rack in ESA (NASA) (NASA) (ESA) Utilization Location (ETC is in Systems Note: Following 15A, additional flights/stages planned Location) with rack launches and moves will evolve to final configuration (full utilization-ready) as depicted below ARIS/PaRIS Capable

Configured at Assembly Complete -- Flight STS-130 / Stage 19A Reference sources: (1) Future ISS Topology Plans, Jay Bio Lab = ESA Biolab Facility Weber and Tony Sapp, Internal FSL EDR = European Drawer Rack overhead ZSR ZSR ZSR Volume Configuration; (2) ISS (ESA) EPM = European Physiology Module Internal Volume Configuration C ETC = European Transport Carrier Document, SSP 50564 Revision D O EXPR-3 EXPR-# (ARIS) = EXPRESS Rack Number (April 2008); (3) Updates made to aft HRF-2 EPM Bio Lab L (ARIS) (Active Rack Isolation System) these charts on 2/4/09 from (NASA) (ESA) (ESA) http://saber.jsc.nasa.gov/team_ivc/top U (NASA) FSL = Fluid Science Laboratory HRF-# = Human Research Facility-Number ologies.php. “These topologies are M options under consideration, used for ETC MARES = Muscle Atrophy Resistive deck B System System System illustrating configuration scenarios. (ESA) Exercise System U For approved Strategic Planning MSG = Microgravity Science Glovebox purposes, the Program-approved S ZSR = Zero-Gravity Stowage Rack topologies as incorporated into most forward HRF-1 MARES MSG EDR current MIM, Integrated Flight (NASA) (NASA) (NASA) (ESA) 5 NASA Utilization Rack Locations Schedule, and SSP 50564, Internal 5 ESA Utilization Rack Locations Volume Configuration documents, are found returning to SSP 50564 page.” 6 DESTINY MODULE RESEARCH RACK TOPOLOGY Configured at Pre-Launch -- Flight STS-119 / Stage 15A ARS = Air Revitalization Subsystem GALLEY AVCO = Air Volume Closeout EXPR-1 EXPR-2 DDCU-2 AVCO EXPR-6 AVCO (ARIS) RSR (CHeCS) = Resupply Stowage Rack (NASA) Human Research overhead (NASA) (NASA) (Crew Health Care Systems) CIR (PaRIS) = Combustion Integration Rack Physical Sciences U (Passive Rack Isolation System) and Materials Research aft DDCU-# = Direct Current-to-Direct Current / Converter Unit aft P S TCS MSS / AV WRS-2 DDCU-1 WHC OGS P EXPR-# (ARIS) = EXPRESS Rack-number Earth Science M (Active Rack Isolation System) Multipurpose L A FIR = Fluids Integration Rack - HRF-# = Human Research Facility Systems deck ARS Avionics-1 WRS-1 Window Avionics-3 Avionics-2 2 A MELFI-# = Minus Eighty Degrees Laboratory Freezer and Stowage B for ISS MSG = Microgravity Glovebox System NASA Systems Rack in CIR NASA Utilization Location forward CHeCS-1 MSS / AV = Mobile Servicer System / Avionics TCS MSS / AV (PaRIS) AVCO TeSS (NASA) OGS = Oxygen Generation Subsystem ARIS/PaRIS Capable (NASA) TCS = Thermal Control System TeSS = Temporary Sleep Station WHC = Waste and Hygiene Compartment Note: Following 15A, additional flights/stages planned WRS-# = Water Recovery System-number with rack launches and moves will evolve to final ZSR = Zero-Gravity Stowage Rack configuration (full utilization-ready) as depicted below

Configured at Assembly Complete -- Flight STS-130 / Stage 19A Reference sources: ARS = Air Revitalization Subsystem (1) Future ISS Topology Plans, Jay GALLEY MSRR-1 EXPR-2 CHeCS = Crew Health Care Systems Weber and Tony Sapp, Internal EXPR-1 DDCU-2 ZSR EXPR-6 (ARIS) (ARIS) CIR (PaRIS) = Combustion Integration Rack Volume Configuration; (2) ISS Internal overhead (NASA) (NASA) (NASA) (NASA) (NASA) (Passive Rack Isolation System) Volume Configuration Document, DDCU-# = Direct Current-to-Direct Current/Converter Unit SSP 50564 Revision D (April 2008); EXPR-# = EXPRESS Rack Number U (3) Updates made to these charts on FIR = Fluids Integration Rack CHeCS-2 EXPR-7 ZSR 2/4/09 from aft S TCS MSS / AV DDCU-1 MELFI-# = Minus Eighty Degrees Laboratory Freezer P (NASA) (NASA) (NASA) P for ISS http://saber.jsc.nasa.gov/team_ivc/top M MSRR-# (ARIS) = Materials Science Research Rack ologies.php. “These topologies are L A (Active Rack Isolation System) options under consideration, used for CHeCS-1 WORF - MSS / AV = Mobile Servicer System / Avionics illustrating configuration scenarios. deck ARS Avionics-1 Avionics-3 Avionics-2 A (NASA) (NASA) 2 RSR = Resupply Stowage Rack For approved Strategic Planning B TCS = Thermal Control System purposes, the Program-approved TeSS = Temporary Sleep Station topologies as incorporated into most FIR CIR MELFI-2 TeSS WORF = Window Observational Research Facility current MIM, Integrated Flight forward TCS MSS / AV (ARIS) (PaRIS) (NASA) (NASA) ZSR = Zero-Gravity Stowage Rack Schedule, and SSP 50564, Internal (NASA) (NASA) 13 NASA Utilization Rack Locations (10 with Volume Configuration documents, are Utilization at Assembly Complete) found returning to SSP 50564 page.” 7 KIBO MODULE RESEARCH RACK TOPOLOGY

Configured at Pre-Launch -- Flight STS-119 / Stage 15A Biological Sciences Physical Sciences and aft portforward starboard Radial Port Materials Research ICS / DMS-2AVCO JRSR-1 DMS-1 PROX overhead Multipurpose AVCO ZSR AVCO AVCO J Systems and Stowage CHeCS-2 SAIBO RYUTAI AVCO AVCO RMS E aft Future JAXA Utilization (ZSR) (JAXA) (JAXA) AVCO ZSRAVCO AVCO M Rack Location to be filled in mid-2010, -2012, -2014 ECLSS/ MELFI-1 ECLSS/ EPS-1AVCO EPS-2 P deck JLP NASA Systems Rack in TCS-1 (NASA)* TCS-2 Utilization Location M AVCO = Air Volume Closeout DMS-# = Data Management System ARIS/PaRIS Capable EXPR-5 Crew EXPR-4 ZSR forward AVCO W / S ECLSS / TCS-# = Environmental Control (NASA) Quarters (NASA) (NASA) and Life Support System / Thermal Control System RMS = Remote Manipulator System EPS-# = Electrical Power Systems RYUTAI = Fluid Science ICS/PROX = Inter-orbit Communications System / SAIBO = Cell Science Proximity W / S = Water Servicer Note: Following 15A additional flights/stages planned JRSR-# = Japanese Resupply Stowage Rack with rack launches and moves will evolve to final ZSR = Zero-Gravity Stowage Rack configuration (full utilization-ready) as depicted below Reference sources: (1) Future ISS Topology Plans, Jay Weber and Tony Sapp, Internal Volume Configured at Assembly Complete -- Flight STS-130 / Stage 19A Configuration; (2) ISS Internal Volume Configuration Document, SSP 50564 aft portforward starboard Revision D (April 2008); (3) Updates Radial Port made to these charts on 2/4/09 from ICS / DMS-2 AVCO JRSR-1 DMS-1 http://saber.jsc.nasa.gov/team_ivc/topolo PROX overhead ZSR ZSR AVCO AVCO gies.php. “These topologies are options J under consideration, used for illustrating configuration scenarios. For approved MELFI-3 SAIBO RYUTAI EXPR-8 AVCO RMS E aft Strategic Planning purposes, the (NASA) (JAXA) (JAXA) (NASA) ZSR ZSRAVCO AVCO M Program-approved topologies as incorporated into most current MIM, Integrated Flight Schedule, and SSP ECLSS/ MELFI-1 ECLSS/ JLP EPS-1 AVCO EPS-2 deck 50564, Internal Volume Configuration TCS-1 (NASA)* TCS-2 P documents, are found returning to SSP M EXPR-# (ARIS) = EXPRESS Rack Number 50564 page.” EXPR-5 AVCO EXPR-4 ZSR forward (Active Rack Isolation System) 7 JAXA Utilization Rack Locations AVCO W / S (NASA) (JAXA) (NASA) (NASA) MELFI-# = Minus Eighty Degrees (2 with Utilization at Assembly Complete) Laboratory Freezer for ISS (*MELFI-1 is 85% NASA, 15% JAXA) 6 NASA Utilization Rack Locations (2 with Utilization at Assembly Complete) 8 HumanHuman ResearchResearch FacilityFacility (2(2 ++ racks)racks) •• HRF-1 and HRF-2 support wide range of physiological investigations ¤ Clinical ultrasound ¤ Body mass measurement ¤ Metabolic gas analysis ¤ Pulmonary monitoring ¤ Blood pressure measurement ¤ Holter monitor ¤ Refrigerated centrifuge Expedition 2 crewmember Susan HRF 2 Rack with the SLAMMD Helms activating the HRF 1 Rack installed ¤ Range of experiment unique hardware ¾¾MuscleMuscle AtrophyAtrophy ResearchResearch ExerciseExercise SystemSystem (MARES)(MARES) 20102010 LaunchLaunch ƒ FacilityFacility forfor musculoskeletal,musculoskeletal, biomechanical,biomechanical, neuromuscularneuromuscular andand neurologicalneurological physiologyphysiology measurementsmeasurements

MARES 9 MultiMulti--useruser EXPRESSEXPRESS RacksRacks ƒƒ Middeck locker scale instruments in various research disciplines such as biotechnology and plant research ƒ Sub-rack class payloads and facilities ƒƒ At this time the NASA funded science program is projected to utilize only approximately 50% of the U.S. internal payload accommodations ƒ The remaining 50% is available for National Lab investigations or an expanded number of NASA- supported investigations ƒƒ 7 Express Racks physical capacity ƒ 59 Lockers total, 25 have planned use, 34 available ƒ 13 Drawers total, 7 have planned use, 6 available

Expedition 3 crewmember Frank Culbertson conducting cell culture experiment in CBOSS in EXPRESS Rack 4

European Space Agency Astronaut Thomas Reiter, Expedition 13 Flight Engineer, installing the EMCS facility into the EXPRESS Rack Expedition 14 crewmember Mike 3A. Lopez-Alegria conducting TROPI plant growth experiment in EMCS in EXPRESS Rack 3 10 MicrogravityMicrogravity SciencesSciences GloveboxGlovebox (MSG)(MSG) •• Provides multiple levels of containment for a variety of experiments ¤ Combustion ¤ Physical processes ¤ Materials ¤ IV Fluid Generation •• Provides 2 levels of containment

European Space Agency (ESA) Astronaut Pedro Duque as he works at the Microgravity Science Glovebox for the Cervantes mission experiment PromISS 2

Expedition 13 crewmember Jeff Williams performing the PFMI experiment in the Astronaut Garrett Reisman during a training session at Microgravity Science Glovebox JSC harvests plants from the CWRW investigation inside the MSG. 11 MSGMSG Investigations,Investigations, 20072007--20082008

Increment 15 Increment 16 SAME CSLM-2 InSPACE-2 CWRW Smoke and Aerosol Coarsening in Solid- Investigating the Cell Wall/Resist Wall Measurement Liquid Mixtures-2 Structure of (Plant harvesting) Experiment PI: Paramagnetic PIs: Aggregates from R. Yokoyama, PI: D. Urban P. Voorhees Colloidal Emulsions K. Wakabayshi et al PI: E. Furst

Smoke properties Properties of Properties of Cell wall structure (particle size, particle growth in magneto - and construction distribution) liquid metal rheological fluids in microgravity mixture

Completed Completed Begun Completed 10/5/2007 12/31/2007 1/5/2008 3/31/2008 12 MSGMSG Investigations,Investigations, 20082008--20092009 Increments18/19/20 Next Up

SHERE SPICE InSPACE-2 SODI-IVIDIL, DSC, IVGEN Shear History Smoke Point in Investigating the Colloid IntraVenous Extentional Co-flow Structure of Fluid -Selectable Optical Diagnostics Rheology Experiment Paramagnetic GENeration for Instrument – Influence on Vibration Experiment Aggregates from Exploration PI: D.L. Urban on Diffusion of Liquids, PI: G. Colloidal Missions PI: V. Shevtsova McKinley Emulsions PI:J. McQuillen PI: E. Furst -SODI - Diffusion Soret Coefficient, PI: JC Legros -SODI - Advanced Photonic Devices in Microgravity, PI:G. Wegdam

Stress/strain Determines the Properties of -Vibration impact on the measured Testing a response in point at which magneto - thermal and isothermal diffusion method of polymeric gas-jet flames rheological fluids coefficient generating IV liquids under begin to emit -Aggregatoion of colloidal particles fluids on- shearing soot demand shearing -Diffusion and soret measurements demand forces forces for oil recovery

Completed Begun Ongoing, Begun 1/23/09 2/14/09 1/5/2008 13 FreezersFreezers andand IncubatorsIncubators ƒ Minus Eighty-degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) ƒ Provides thermal conditioning at +4oC, -26oC and -80oC ƒ 1 unit currently on orbit ƒ 1 will launch in 2009, and 1 more in 2010 ƒ GLACIER Freezer ƒ + 4 oC to -185 oC ƒ CGBA (Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Aparatus) ƒ -10oC to +37 oC. ƒ ABRS (Advanced Biological Resarch System) ƒ Includes imaging of green fluorescent protein ƒ EMCS (European Modular Cultivation System) ƒ Two centrifuges for plants and small animals spin from Expedition 19 crewmember 0 to 2 G Michael Barratt inserts samples into the MELFI

Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (CGBA) Centrifuges of EMCS General Laboratory Active Cryogenic ISS Experiment Refrigerator (GLACIER) 14 FluidFluid PhysicsPhysics andand CombustionCombustion

¾¾Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) ƒ Facility dedicated to research in combustion science ƒ First investigation: FLEX (Flame Extinguishment Experiment / Multi- user Droplet Combustion Apparatus) ¾¾FluidsFluids IntegratedIntegrated RackRack (FIR)(FIR) Astronaut Sandra Magnus 20092009 LaunchLaunch working with the CIR. ƒ FacilityFacility dedicateddedicated toto fluidfluid physicsphysics research,research, withwith LightLight MicroscopeMicroscope ModuleModule ƒ FirstFirst ExperimentExperiment CVBCVB (Constrained(Constrained VaporVapor Bubble)Bubble)

FIR 15 MaterialsMaterials ScienceScience

¾¾Space Dynamically Responding Ultrasound Matrix System (SpaceDRUMS) (2008) ƒ EXPRESS-based containerless (ultrasound) processing facility ƒ Sintering furnace ¾¾MicrogravityMicrogravity ScienceScience ResearchResearch MSRR RackRack (MSRR)(MSRR) 20092009 LaunchLaunch ƒ Facility to support ESA Microgravity Science Lab furnace ƒ NASA Cooperative use of the furnace and quenching

faciliyt insertinsert

SpaceDRUMS 16 ColumbusColumbus EuropeanEuropean SpaceSpace AgencyAgency (ESA)(ESA)

Research racks launched in Columbus •• European Physiology Module ¤ Facility for human physiology research in neurosciences, cardiology, bone and muscle metabolism •• Fluid Science Lab European Fluid Science ¤ Multi-user facility for fluid physics Physiology research Lab Module •• Biolab ¤ Facility for cell culture, tissue, microorganisms, small plants and animals research, includes glovebox, incubator, microscope •• European Drawer Rack ¤ Provide for middeck-class experiments and stowage •• European Transport Carrier ¤ Stowage and transportation rack for experiments European Biolab Transport European Carrier Drawer Rack 17 ColumbusColumbus EuropeanEuropean SpaceSpace AgencyAgency (ESA)(ESA)

External facilities launched with Columbus • European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) ¤ Provides a platform for investigators to gather science data on the ISS space environment ¤ Nine experiment modules will support research in Earth and space science and materials exposure to the space European Technology environment Exposure Facility (EuTEF) • SOLAR ¤ Observatory that measures solar spectral irradiance. ¤ Three science instruments which monitor the solar flux in different wavelengths varying between 17 nanometers and 100 micrometers. ¤ Data will be used for atmospheric modeling, atmospheric chemistry and climate research, as well as solar physics studies SOLAR 18 KiboKibo Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Research racks launched with pressurized elements or later on HTV •• Ryutai ¤ Fluid physics and solution/crystal growth research, including image processing unit •• Saibo ¤ Cell biology facility, Ryutai (Fluids) Saibo contains Clean Bench and (Cell Biology) Cell Biology Experiment Facility, including glovebox, incubator, microscope, centrifuge Kobairo •• KobairoKobairo (Materials) ¤ Gradient(HTV(HTV Heating 2009)2009) Furnace for materials processing research

19 On-orbit resources

20 Overview Resource Constraints for Science on ISS

• General constraints (roughly in • Constraints unique to human the order most likely to be research limiting, post-assembly ¤ Maintaining experimental complete) controls for multiple human ¤ Upmass subject experiments (some ¤ Downmass experiments with conflicting requirements cannot use the ¤ Crew time same crewmember as a ¤ Thermal subject), approximate limit is ¤ Facility throughput 6 experiments per subject ¤ Power ¤ Postflight baseline data st ¤ Data downlink collection during the 1 7 days ¤ Limits on blood collections (volume, frequency) ¤ Informed consent requirements

21 Program Planning to minimize Resource Constraints for Science on ISS • Upmass ¤ Planned upmass capabilities meet projected NASA requirements at current budget levels (but not National Lab users or any additional NASA use) ¤ CRS (Orbital, SpaceX) vehicles a key part of plan ¤ Contingency planning to defer some maintenance activities if CRS vehicles delayed to insure ongoing science ¤ Additional CRS capability could be purchased to support a larger science program than currently planned (budget based) • Downmass ¤ SpaceX vehicle will have downmass capability that fits projected requirements after Shuttle retirement ¤ Three on-orbit MELFI freezers (compared to originally planned single freezer) provides a storage capability that can insure continued life science experiments if there is a CRS delay. All freezers empty when last Shuttle undocks. • Crew time ¤ Six crew meets projected science requirements, possible to select significant additional relatively automated science (National lab or additional NASA use) ¤ ISS Program could increase to 7 crew with Orion (launch/ return vehicle for 4) • Thermal ¤ Occasional limitations during assembly on rack enablement due to life support and research hardware demands on Moderate Temperature Loop. Handled with research scheduling. ¤ Once Node 3 is onboard, the limitations are not projected to continue. 22 Program Planning to minimize Resource Constraints for Science on ISS • Facility throughput ¤ MSG is currently the only facility projected to approach throughput limitations. ¤ As crewtime becomes less limiting, we have more ability to move experiments through MSG rapidly. ¤ Some experiments require significant dwell time in the facility. • Power ¤ ISS power system can meet all pressurized facility requirements identified. ¤ There is redundant capacity in the system at assembly complete. ¤ Only major external facilities such as AMS have the potential to have power demands requiring significant coordination. • Data downlink ¤ Current capability of 150mps being upgraded to 300mps. EXPRESS export data rate is limited to 1.8mps and we are investigating upgrading to 100mps. ¤ Only projected data downlink limitations are for planned external HDTV and possible external remote sensing payloads which have High-rate Data Loop requirements. Scheduling solutions solve this problem for projected payloads. • Human subjects constraints ¤ Shared data collection with medical operations ¤ Multilateral planning group works to optimize use of subjects by identifying suites of compatible experiments, and reworking plans following informed consent if needed ¤ ISS Program continues to discuss full USOS access to Russian crews as subjects (however, these crews are well-utilized for Russian and collaborative23 Russian-international investigations) Partner Utilization Requirements Compared to Utilization Capabilities Upmass 2008 Signed Consolidated Operations and Utilization Plan. Assembly Sequence Rev J

Total Utilization Upmass (Pressurized + Unpressurized) Capabilities, Allocations, and Requirements 14,000

) 12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

Upmass Requirements and Allocations (kg 0

-2,000 Requirements below the line are in excess of Partner Allocations 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Calendar Year Partner Utilization Requirements Compared to Utilization Capabilities Pressurized downmass 2008 Signed Consolidated Operations and Utilization Plan. Assembly Sequence Rev J

2,500 Pressurized Utilization Downmass Capabilities, Allocations, and Requirements

2,000

1,500

1,000

Allocations (kg) Allocations 500

0 Pressurized Downmass Requirements and and Requirements Downmass Pressurized -500 Requirements below the line are in excess of Partner Allocations 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Calendar Year

Note: Unpressurized downmass is not avai

lable after Shuttle retirement in 2010 Partner Utilization Requirements Compared to Utilization Capabilities Crew time 2008 Signed Consolidated Operatio Sequence Rev J

Total Utilization Crew Time Capabilities, Allocations, ns and Utilization Plan. Assembly and Requirements 2,000 40

35

1,500 30

25

1,000 20

15

500 10

5 Crew Time Hours per Week Crew Time Hours per Year Year per Hours Time Crew 0 0

-5 Requirements below the line are in excess of Partner Allocations -500 -10 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Calendar Year 27 Multi-user Support

28 SponsorshipSponsorship ofof PayloadsPayloads onon ISSISS

ISS National U.S. NASA Commercial Human Research Laboratory Sector Program Research (ESMD)

Exploration ISS National Technology Laboratory & Development (SOMD & Microgravity Agreements) (ESMD)

Other U.S. Astrophysics, Government Heliophysics, Agencies ISS Program Office Planetary Science (DoD, NIH…) Earth Science NASA Mission ISS Int’l (SMD) Directorates Barter Manage Agreements: Commitments SOMD – Space Operations (SOMD) ESMD – Exploration Systems CSA JAXA SMD – Science ESA ASI ISS Program Office Plans, Integrates and Operates International Partners 29 International Space Station Payloads Organization

Assoc. Admin. Space Operations, Bill Gerstenmaier Asst. Assoc Admin. ISS, Mark Uhran

ISS Program Manager, Mike Suffredini

Program Scientist ISS Payloads Office National Lab Office Julie A. Robinson, Ph.D. W. Rod Jones, Mgr Marybeth Edeen

Research Planning Payload Mission Management

Hardware Engineering Software Engineering Payload Systems Integration Integration Support

Launch Site Integration Operations Integration Operations Center ISS Payload Integration Timeline

Strategic Tactical Operations Post-flight

L-X months L-X months ~L-1m ~6 months Crew Return Requirements Definition Mission Integration Real Time Operations Post Flight Ops (Design, Development, Test, (Increment Planning) (Research) (H/W, Data Return) Safety, and Verification) Increment ISS Crew ISS Crew PDR CDR Manifest Rotation Stage Stage Rotation Approved Stage

Hardware development time varies per payload Launch Launch Launch Launch

36 months to days

31 Payload Tactical Planning Process

Research Sponsor initially responds to the candidate payloads and resource requirements manifesting process.

Payload-specific Resource ISS Payloads Office Payload-prioritization Definition and Two-pagers Feasibility AssessmentsRPWG “Call for Payloads” with a list of (Integration Organizations) for consideration. This action starts the

Flight & Increment-specific Launch Schedules Utilization Research Planning (Shuttle, Russians, Allocations Research Planning ESA, JAXA, ISS (ISS Program Office) WorkingWorking Group Group Program Office) (Up/down-mass, Crew time, Power, etc)

Increment-specificIncrement-specific Research Research Plan Plan

32 Payloads Mission Integration Process

Increment-specificIncrement-specific Research Research Plan Plan ResearchResearch Directive Directive

Increment Launch Package Management Management • Payload Tactical Plan • Manifest and Stowage • Flight and Stage Priorities MissionMission • Flight Priorities • ISS Mission Management Team • Shuttle Crew Time • Weekly Planning IntegrationIntegration Schedules • Safety Process • Safety Process • Certificate of Flight Readiness • Certificate of Flight Readiness

Payload Integration Manager (PIM) • Primary interface to ISS for the Payload Developer • Function as payload advocate at ISS Program meetings • PIM schedule for major ISS integration milestones and hardware deliveries • Coordinate ISS Program Support for PDRs/CDRs • Negotiate and coordinate Payload Developer requirements and service needs

33 Early Utilization Overview

34 ISS Research Accomplishments (Expeditions 0-18, September 2000 – April 2009, data as of April 21, 2009)

• Expedition 18 (Oct 2008-Apr 2009) ¤ 77 U.S.O.S.-integrated investigations - 27 new investigations - 10 completed investigations - 34 International investigations (CSA, ESA, JAXA) ¤ > 340 scientists Ice Crystal • Expeditions 0 -18 (Sept 2000-Apr 2009) ¤ 197 U.S.-integrated investigations SHERE - 115 completed investigations - 43 International Partner investigations ¤ > 600 scientists 7 14 3D-Space 43 13 3 30

NLP-Vaccine 5

29 SPICE 37 13 Marangoni Expedition 18 Expeditions 0 – 18 Disciplines for U.S. Science Human Research for Exploration Technology Development Physical Sciences Integrated 35 Biological Sciences Immune Earth Observation & Education CurrentCurrent ResearchResearch Expedition 19/20, April 2009 – October 2009, data as of Feb 17, 2009

Visual Performance APEX-Cambium •• Expedition 19/20 ¤ 98 U.S.O.S.-integrated investigations - 39 new investigations - 49 International Partner investigations – 5 CSA – 28 ESA – 16 JAXA ¤ > 400 scientists

7 10 JAXA-EPO 4

Rad Silk

13 BISE 15 Integrated Expedition 19/20 Cardio Disciplines for U.S. Science Human Research for Exploration Technology Development Physical Sciences Biological Sciences AgCAM Earth Observation & Education

36 Expedition 21/22 Research Plans (October 2009 – April 2010, data as of Feb 17, 2009)

• Expedition 21/22 ¤ 104 U.S.-integrated investigations - 39 new investigations - 47 International Partner investigations –3 CSA –25 ESA –19 JAXA ¤ > 300 scientists 6 Reaction 14 HREP-RAIDS Self Test

8 IVGEN

15 14 MDCA-FLEX

Expedition 21/22 Disciplines for U.S. Science Human Research for Exploration Technology Development BXF-NPBX Physical Sciences Biological Sciences Earth Observation & Education

37 For More Information ISS Reference Guide Cumulative Results Reports: NASA/TP-2006-213146 NASA/TP–2009–213146–REVISION A

Education on ISS 2000-2006: NASA/TP-2006 In press - 213721

Space Station Science Webpages http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/science/ Facilities Webpages http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/science/experiments/Discipline. 38 html