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Legions and the Duchy of Warsaw

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Legions and the Duchy of Warsaw Legions and the Duchy of Warsaw Legions and the Duchy of Warsaw Lesson plan (Polish) Lesson plan (English) Legions and the Duchy of Warsaw Bale of Marengo Source: Louis-François Lejeune, Bataille de Marengo, domena publiczna. Link to the lesson You will learn where the most important battles of the Polish Legions in Italy took place; to indicate the location of the Duchy of Warsaw on the map; to describe the system and territory of the Duchy of Warsaw, its achievements and failures. Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie abstraktu On January 9, 1797, at the initiative of Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, Polish Legions were founded in Italy. Already after several months, the number of legionnaires has grown to over 8,000. Initially, the legions fought with the Austrian army in Italy and then all over Europe (including Switzerland, the Netherlands and Bavaria), and after the conclusion of the peace in Luneville in 1801, some of them were sent to San Domingo. Out of 6,000 soldiers only a few hundred returned to Europe after a few years. In total, 20,000 people were killed of the 35,000 who passed through the legionary ranks. The Duchy of Warsaw was created under the French‐Russian peace treaty signed in Tilsit Source: January Suchodolski, Wjazd gen. Jana Henryka in July 1807. Poles recovered 1/7 of the former Dąbrowskiego do Rzymu, domena publiczna. territory of the Republic. Two years later, after the well‐fought battle of Raszyn (19 April 1809) under Prince Józef Poniatowski, and the defeat of Austria by Napoleon in the next war, the boundaries of the Duchy of Warsaw expanded significantly. The Duchy was a constitutional monarchy connected in the personal union with Saxony. It was dependent on France and also constituted its military and economic base. The failure of Napoleon's campaign against Russia resulted in its eradication in 1815. Exercise 1 On which front were these bales fought? Drag the items to the right places. Bale of Trebbia, Bale of Hohenlinden, Bale of Marengo, Bale of Mantua on the Italian front on the German front Exercise 2 Listen to the recording. Characterize the differences regarding the service of Poles in the paroned armies and in the Dąbrowski Legions. Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie lektorskie Aer the Poles came under the foreign rule, the duty of military service became extremely onerous. It was not yet universal, only peasants and the poorer urban populaon were subject to it. In Russia, Prussia and Austria, the so-called conngent system was in force at the me. In each province, censuses were made annually and the province received an appropriate conngent of recruits on their basis. Young boys who fell vicms to conscripon (referred to in the Russian Banner of the 1st Legion of the Polish Legions in paron as „branka”, and in the remaining Italy parons as „asenterunek” - „Assenerung” in Source: Maciej Szczepańczyk, licencja: CC BY 3.0, [online], German) were taken into the army for lifelong dostępny w internecie: hp://commons.wikimedia.org. service. In Prussia, the front-line service lasted 20 years, in Austria from 12 to 14 years, while in Russia a period of 25 years was obligatory. Therefore, the conscripon to the army was tantamount to detachment from families for almost the enre life, it oen meant permanent loss of a farm which was taken over by someone else, it was combined with the inability to establish a family. Aer years of service, meritorious veterans most oen lived out their days as beggars. Before this happened, the service itself in foreign countries, among strangers, under incomprehensible command at the beginning, was a sequence of suffering and punishment. Flogging, meted out with a knout, also known as „przepędzanie przez rózgi” (chasing through rods), was infamous among them. The soldiers of the Polish Legions, formed alongside Napoleon Bonaparte, were formally cizens of Lombardy, but they had the right to return to the Vistula, which was guaranteed by a contract, at the end of their war service. The legionnaire uniforms referred to the Polish uniforms, the military commands were also expressed in their nave language. However, the banner of Polish Legions did not have Polish symbols. Its colors referred to the three colors of revoluonary France. It bore an inscripon in Italian: „All free men are brothers”. General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski introduced the French command method in the Polish Legions and ensured their democrac character. Privates were allowed to be promoted based on merit, regardless of their social background. The internal judicature rejected the corporal punishment, popular in Source: Bronisław Gembarzewski, Piechota Księstwa many armies of that me. Dąbrowski Warszawskiego, domena publiczna. encouraged the legionnaires, many of whom were illiterate, to learn mathemacs, history, geography and foreign languages. A few years later, aer the creaon of the Duchy of Warsaw, the first substute of an independent Polish state, the obligatory military service in the ranks of his army concerned recruits aged 21-27 and lasted for 6 years. Exercise 3 Napoleon's return from Elba Source: Charles de Steuben, Retour de Napoleon d' Isle d'Elbe, domena publiczna. Task 1 Compare both maps and then do the exercise. Parons of Poland Source: Krysan Chariza i zespół. Exercise 4 Compare the map of the Republic of Poland during the parons with the map of the Duchy of Warsaw dang from 1807. Select the names of the territories of the Republic of Poland which did not belong to the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807. Podolia Podlachia Livonia Lesser Poland Volhynia Greater Poland Mazovia Exercise 5 Connect the following sentences into pairs. a two-year occupaon of the country by Russian troops and the eradicaon of the Duchy of Warsaw., was subordinate to the Emperor of the French., civil marriages and divorces., abolished personal serfdom of peasants, declared the establishment of the Kingdom of Poland., the Duchy of Warsaw significantly expanded its territory. The Constuon of the Duchy of Warsaw The General Confederaon Aer the successful war with Austria in 1809 The failure of Napoleon's campaign against Russia resulted in The Napoleonic Code introduced The foreign policy of the Duchy of Warsaw Keywords Duchy of Warsaw, Napoleon, Polish Legions, Jan Henryk Dąbrowski Glossary conngent system Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie słówka: contingent system system kontyngentowy – system poboru rekruta. Napoleon's constuon Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie słówka: Napoleon's constitution konstytucja Napoleona – konstytucja nadana przez Cesarza Francuzów Księstwu Warszawskiemu w lipcu 1807 roku. December decree Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Nagranie słówka: December decree dekret grudniowy – dekret w sprawie chłopów, nadający im wolność osobistą, ale pozbawiający ich własności ziemi. Nadany przez władze Księstwa Warszawskiego jako rozwiniecie postanowień konstytucji. Lesson plan (Polish) Temat: Legiony i Księstwo Warszawskie Adresat Uczniowie klasy VI szkoły podstawowej Podstawa programowa XVIII. Epoka napoleońska. Uczeń: 2. opisuje okoliczności utworzenia Legionów Polskich oraz omawia ich historię; 3. opisuje powstanie Księstwa Warszawskiego, jego ustrój i terytorium; 4. przedstawia stosunek Napoleona do sprawy polskiej oraz postawę Polaków wobec Napoleona. Ogólny cel kształcenia Poznasz i opiszesz okoliczności utworzenia i historię Legionów Polskich, oraz okoliczności powołania Księstwa warszawskiego, jego ustrój i terytorium Kompetencje kluczowe porozumiewanie się w językach obcych; kompetencje informatyczne; umiejętność uczenia się. Kryteria sukcesu Uczeń nauczy się: gdzie miały miejsce najważniejsze walki Legionów Polskich we Włoszech; wskazywać na mapie położenie Księstwa Warszawskiego; opisywać ustrój i terytorium Księstwa Warszawskiego, jego osiągnięcia i porażki. Metody/techniki kształcenia podające pogadanka. aktywizujące dyskusja. programowane z użyciem komputera; z użyciem e‐podręcznika. praktyczne ćwiczeń przedmiotowych. Formy pracy praca indywidualna; praca w parach; praca w grupach; praca całego zespołu klasowego. Środki dydaktyczne e‐podręcznik; zeszyt i kredki lub pisaki; tablica interaktywna, tablety/komputery. Przebieg lekcji Przed lekcją 1. Nauczyciel prosi o przeczytanie rozdziału Użyteczni Polacy i wykonanie Ćwiczenia 2 z epodręcznika, oraz rozdziału Jak przekreślono rozbiory. Uczniowie przygotowują w domu zbiór ilustracji, związanych z umundurowaniem i uzbrojeniem Legionów Dąbrowskiego (zasoby epodręcznika, inne z Internetu, albumy, książki). Zabierają je na lekcję. Faza wstępna 1. Nauczyciel rozmawia z uczniami o powodach, dla których utworzono Legiony Polskie we Włoszech, na podstawie materiału przygotowanego przed lekcją. Uczniowie sprawdzają swoje rozwiązania. Następnie nauczyciel prezentuje uczniom na mapie zawartej w e‐podręczniku skrótowo działania Legionów Polskich we Włoszech (metoda podająca). Uczniowie wykonują na tabletach/komputerach **Ćwiczenie 1. **Nauczyciel upewnia się, że ćwiczenie zostało poprawnie wykonane i udziela informacji zwrotnej. 2. Nauczyciel podaje temat oraz wyjaśnia, na czym będzie polegała lekcja i jakie kryteria sukcesu powinni osiągnąć uczniowie. Faza realizacyjna 1. Nauczyciel dzieli uczniów na dwie grupy. Celem pracy będzie zebranie informacji na temat sytuacji polskich żołnierzy w armiach zaborczych i w Legionach Polskich we Włoszech. Każda z grup wykonuje Ćwiczenie 2 i wynotowuje na arkuszu podstawowe informacje, tworząc mapę myśli. Grupa 1 – Polacy w armiach zaborczych. Grupa 2
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