Decontamination Project in Fukushima Prefecture Conducted by Japanese Government

Masaru Moriya Chief of Fukushima Decontamination Team Acting Superintended of Fukushima Office for Environmental Restoration, Ministry of the Environment

1 Radioactive materials spread over wide areas including the high dose rate regions in the North-West of Fukushima plant.

Monitoring result (air dosage)

Legend Air dose rate at the height of 1m above ground (μSv/hr) [Converted to values as of Aug. 28]

Legend Range without Air dose rate at the height of measurement results 1m above ground (μSv/hr) [Converted to values as of Aug. 28]

where no measurements were obtained.

2 * Results of aircraft monitoring by MEXT（September12, 2011） Status of Decontamination in the Off-limits Areas and the Scheduled Evacuation areas

3 Basic Principles of Decontamination Vertical Axis: Annual Dose Basic emergency guidelines for [mSv/yr] ICRP's recommendations decontamination (Aug. 26, 2011: by Nuclear Disaster Radiation exposure during emergency Taskforce) [scheduled evacuation areas; off-limits areas] 100mSv/yr Situation in which emergency  National Government will be actions are required as in the responsible for conducting case of nuclear accidents. decontamination until the residents return to their land. Aiming at the annual dose of 20 mSv or less

20mSv/yr Existing radiation exposure [Relatively high-dose region] Long-term exposure following Large-scale surface  Municipalities will prepare emergency decontamination is and implement needed. decontamination plans. Long-term objectives  National Government [Relatively low-dose sends experts and Additional annual exposure region] provides financial dose to be 1 mSv Intensive decontamination assistance to facilitate of hot spots such as road decontamination. 1mSv/yr ditch and gutters. 4 Framework of Decontamination Project

Actions to be taken in accordance with the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness

Basic emergency policies for The Act Concerning Special Measures for the decontamination Radioactive Contamination ＋ Decontamination guidelines of the municipalities

Aug. 26: Nuclear Disaster Taskforce Aug. 26: Passed (lawmaker-initiated legislation) Aug. 30: Promulgated and became partially effective Sep. 9: Contingency funds of about 220 billion yen allocated for restoration from the Great Cabinet approval of the basic policies East Japan Earthquake. Issuing Government and ministerial orders stipulating requirements for area designation, (Under the direct process standards, etc. control of National Municipalities preparing Government) plans Conducting model- case projects etc. Designation of special Designation of priority decontamination areas survey areas

Feedback to guidelines Municipalities starting Come into full force on Jan. 1, 2012 etc. decontamination National Government's Municipalities' decontamination plans decontamination plans prepared. prepared.

Smooth Full-scale transition decontamination by Full-scale National Government. decontamination by5 the municipalities. Decontamination Project by National Government (before the special measures law)

1. Decontamination Demonstration Model-Case Project of the Cabinet Office [from Nov. 2011] To demonstrate technologies required for conducting effective decontamination, demonstration projects are under way for the 12 municipalities within the off-limits areas and the scheduled evacuation areas.

2. Decontamination of City Halls by SDF (Ministry of Defense) [Dec. 2011] Prior to the start of the full-scale decontamination, city halls of Iitatemura, Namiemachi, Tomiokamachi, and Narahamachi were decontaminated.

6 Demonstration Project of Cabinet Office's Decontamination Model-Case

Outline of the Project Example of Ookumamachi and the To demonstrate technologies required for conducting surroundingg area effective decontamination, demonstration projects will be carried out for the 12 municipalities within the off- limits areas and the scheduled evacuation areas. Setups for the Project

National Government (Cabinet Office) Commissioned Fukushima Engineering Headquarters of Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Group A (Minamisouma-city, Kawamatamachi, Namiemachi, Iitatemura) Group B (Tamura-city, Futabamachi, Tomiokamachi, Katsuraomura) ● Area to be covered: Approx. 4.5 ha

Advertise for Advertise proposals ● Residents: Approx. 30 households Group C (Hironomachi, Ookumamachi, ● Public facilities: Ookumamachi city hall, Ookumamachi Narahamachi, Kawauchimura) community center, parks (approx. 1.2 ha) Key Points ● No plowland; groves in the park ◊ Confirm the reduction of the air dose rate. ● Procedure: Partition into four sectors to proceed. ◊ Confirm the effectiveness and cost of decontamination November December January and the amount of dirt etc. removed. ◊ Confirm procedures for radiological protection and safety management Buildings of the Parking area of the Ditches and Ａ city hall etc. city hall sidewalks ◊ Confirm the reduction in volume of dirt etc. removed, Trees in the Remove Remove topsoil procedures for making temporary storage, etc. Ｂ park fallen leaves Current Status of the Project Community Remove Ｃ Parking Trees and fallen Nov. 7 Decontamination operators selected. center area leaves in the park topsoil Nov. 8～ Field surveys started. Ｄ Roofs of private houses > garden Roads and Nov.18～ Decontamination started (including detailed trees > garden soil ditches surveys, monitoring, etc.) 7 Decontamination Efforts of SDF

● Period Iitatemachi Dec. 7 (Wed.) to 19 (Mon.) city hall

● Implementation Units (Total approx. 900 troops) Within a 20km-radius The 6th Division, Northeastern Army, SDF [Scheduled evacuation area] from Fukushima-Daiichi - The 44th Infantry Regiment (Fukushima) NPS [off-limits area] - The 6th Artillery Regiment (Koriyama)

● Details of Decontamination Namiemachi - Cleansing with high-pressure water city hall discharge etc. - Peeling turfs, removing topsoil - Cleaning ditches etc. Fukushima-Daiichi NPS

● Locations Tomiokamachi Four city halls in Fukushima prefecture city hall - Iitatemura city hall (inside the scheduled evacuation area) - Namiemachi city hall (inside the off-limits area) Narahamachi - Tomiokamachi city hall (inside the off-limits city hall area) - Narahamachi city hall (inside the off-limits area)

8 Decontamination Project by National Government (after the special measures law)

3. Advance Decontamination [from Jan. 2012] Prior to the start of the decontamination project in earnest, the advance decontamination will be conducted to secure storage spaces for equipment to be needed for the decontamination work, resting places for workers and infrastructure etc.

4. Full-Scale Decontamination [from End of Mar. 2012] Full-Scale Decontamination will be successively conducted in the 11 municipalities within the off-limits area and the scheduled evacuation area ready for work. Designation of evacuation areas will be reviewed, and priorities are considered. 9 Outline of Decontamination Project

The second half of fiscal 2011 Fiscal 2012 Fiscal 2013

Conduct detailed monitoring Statutory Schedule Prepare decontamination plans for specially designated areas

Model- Case Decontamination demonstration model-case Model project for high dose rate regions Project project (Cabinet Office) (Ministry of the Environment)

National government Public Area selection; Advance decontamination (city coordinate with notice ; halls, infrastructures, etc.) Feedback of results municipal governments contra and residents (as required) Decontam cts ination Public Start full- Area selection; coordinate with notice; scale Conduct contract municipal governments and residents s decontami decontamination -nation

Conduct successively as adjustments are made Carry-in of contaminated dirt etc. (as required)

Site-selection etc. for the temporary Temporar Public storage; coordinate with municipal notice; Carry-in y Storage Installation governments and residents contracts

10 Schematic View of Interim Storage Facilities

To make it operational as soon as possible, the cell system, where individual sections are put in service as they are completed, will be adopted (construction and operation at the same time)

Readied for Under Carry-in in Carry-in After construction construction progress completed carry-in

建設中搬入中

Facilities for high-level radioactive or Facilities for low-level radioactive or non-elution-susceptible dirt elution-susceptible dirt Covered with fresh dirt (after Roofs to ward off rain water (during Use of appropriate containers (flexible container bags etc.) Tree planting carry-in) construction phase only) (after carry-in) Radiation monitoring Radiation monitoring Lids (to be placed after carry-in)

Ditches for rainwater Ditches for rainwater Seepage control work (top; side; bottom) Leak water collecting facilities; water treatment Reinforced concrete outer shields for artificial facilities (monitoring for structures radioactive substance) Monitoring for radioactive substance 11 in the ground water Decontamination Information Plaza (Ministry of the Environment, Fukushima Prefecture)

• To be established alongside of Fukushima Environment Restoration Office (MOE) from March 2012. • Collect and provide various information on decontamination. Coordinate the needs of advisory experts and municipalities. • Support municipalities' effort in the implementation of decontamination plans or installation of temporary storage facilities. • Help volunteer activities concerning decontamination in the municipalities. 12