ON EXHIBIT A HOW-TO BUS STOP The Masks of On Copyright | 3 Where Columbia’s Makonde | 11 shuttles go | 6-7

VOL. 33, NO. 03 NEWS AND IDEAS FOR THE COLUMBIA COMMUNITY OCTOBER 10, 2007 Wanted: NIH Awards The Next Go To Three Kerouac on Faculty By Anne Burt By Clare Oh

.D. Salinger enrolled in hree scientists at a short story writing Columbia University J class when he studied at T have received pres- Columbia in 1939. Eudora tigious awards from the Welty took odd jobs all over the National Institute of Health. city to pay for creative writing Peter Bearman, the courses she took here. Jack Jonathan R. Cole Professor of Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Paul Social Science and director Auster, Federico García Lorca: of the Institute for Social The number of culturally and Economic Research and significant writers who Policy (ISERP), is one of 12 have graced Columbia over recipients nationwide of the the years is staggering—yet NIH Pioneer Award. He will until this fall, none of receive a grant of $2.5 million them could have majored in over the course of fi veyears. creative writing. HOW Dana Pe’er, a computa- Now, for the fi rst time, tional biologist, and Frances they can. This change comes Champagne, a neurobiolo- in large part because of gist, each received a 2007 the efforts of Ben Marcus, NIH Director’s New Innova- chair of the School of the “AHA!” tors Award. The Innovators Arts M.F.A. writing program, award recognizes promising and Sam Lipsyte, director of work of scientists who are undergraduate studies for the in the early years of their new creative writing major. career and have not previ- Thirty-five undergraduates REALLY ously received an NIH regu- have been admitted to the by- lar research grant. Pe’er and application-only major in its Champagne are among 29 inaugural year, and hundreds researchers selected from more have enrolled in newly more than 2,100 applicants. designed classes that teach HAPPENS students to approach fi ction, poetry and nonfiction as crafts Details of the

to be learned, as opposed to OSO traditional English classes that Award-Winning teach students to approach literature as works to be EILEEN BARR interpreted. Research, page 3. By Fred A. Bernstein n 2001, long after he graduated from Co- previously successful decisions to make some- The New Innovator lumbia, William Duggan returned to thing creative.“To solve any problem, the most Awards—each comes with a the University to work on an idea he had important question you can ask is,‘Has anyone, $1.5 million grant—acknow- just discovered, about how people make anywhere in the world, e ver made any progress in ledge that many scientists at successfulI decisions. solving a piece of the problem?’ If that is not the start of their career are That work has led to one of the business your first question, you are either going to faced with the Herculean school’s most popular courses, “Napoleon’s reinvent the wheel or make mistakes other task of fi nding funding while Glance: The Art of Strategic Intuition,” taught people have made,” says Duggan. simultaneously advancing each spring by Duggan, now an associate Strategic Intuition is the new imprint’s their research. professor.This fall, the first book, but not This is the first group of course has spawned Duggan’s: His output New Innovator Awards and a book, Strategic In- Columbia University Press includes two novels the fourth group of Pioneer

OSO tuition: The Creative written while in Africa Awards. Both programs are Spark in Human starts new business imprint, in the 1980s, where he part of the NIH Roadmap for Achievement, the worked for the World Medical Research initiative,

EILEEN BARR first book to be pub- see page 8. Bank, the U.S. Agency which tests new approaches Sam Lipsyte, left, and Ben Marcus lished by the Colum- for International Devel- to supporting research. bia Business School new imprint of Columbia opment and the Ford Foundation, as well as two Pe’er and Champagne, In all, 25 new courses were University Press. other books on strategy. But it is likely to be his feel that their NIH awards will created for the undergraduate Successful people make decisions using strate- most successful, given the popularity of books help further the University’s major.“We always had writing gic insight, which Duggan says involves selective- on management. And that’s despite the fact contributions to the biomedi- workshops in which a ly combining past discoveries or elements from that, according to Duggan,“The only new thing cal and behavioral sciences. continued on page 12 continued on page 8

www.columbia.edu/news 2 OCTOBER 10, 2007 T heRecord

ON CAMPUS MILESTONES

Three Columbia University faculty members were inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Oct. 6. The new fellows are ROBERT S. ERIKSON, professor of political science; BARRY HONIG, professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics; and ALLAN G. ROSENFIELD (above), dean of the Mailman School of Public Health and DeLamar Professor of Public Health Practice. The three Columbians are among 202 new inductees into the academy, one of the oldest and most respected research organizations in the country, whose members come from academic disciplines, the arts, business and public affairs. The group has 4,000 American fellows and 600 foreign honorary members.

LORI F. DAMROSCH, the Henry L. Moses Professor of Law and International Organization at Columbia Law School, has

OSO been named a Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Scholar for the 2007- 2008 year. Phi Beta Kappa is the oldest academic honor society in the nation. Each year, the society selects some of

EILEEN BARR the country’s preeminent intellectuals to travel to campuses with Phi Beta Kappa chapters. The visiting scholars spend two days on each campus engaging in academic discourse AMERICA’S NEXT TOP SCIENTISTS with the student body. Sixth graders from the Columbia Secondary School for Math, Science, and Engineering—in its first year—take a break from their physics class to strike a pose for a national women’s magazine. The magazine plans to feature LAURENCE GREENHILL, Ruane Professor of Clinical the budding scientists in its December issue. Columbia Secondary School is a new public school for sixth through Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, has been named twelfth grade developed in partnership with the University, the New York City Department of Education and the president-elect of the American Academy of Child and community. Temporarily housed in P. S. 125 in Harlem, a permanent location for the school is part of the proposed Adolescent Psychiatry. Manhattanville expansion plan. The National Academies has named In Search of Memory: The Emergence of a New Science of Mind, ERIC KANDEL’s autobiographical book describing his life Hall of Inventions and his science, the best book in its 2007 Communications Awards. The award comes with a $20,000 prize. The Dear Alma’s Owl, National Academies include the National Academy of Why is Pupin Hall a national landmark? Science, the National Academy of Engineering, the And how do you pronounce it, anyway? Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council. USPS 090-710 ISSN 0747-4504 — A Pupin pupil Kandel, a 2000 Nobel laureate, is University Professor at Vol. 33, No. 03, Oct. 10, 2007 Columbia and a senior investigator at the Howard Hughes D ear Pupil: Medical Institute. Pupin (pew-pin) Hall is named for Published by the Michael Idvarsky Pupin, a physicist, STEVEN SCHINKE has been named the D’Elbert and Selma Offi ce of Communications and Public Affairs inventor professor of mathematical physics Keenan Professor of Social Work in the Columbia University and electromagnetics who taught at the School of Social Work. The endowed chair, established in University from 1889 until 1931. You may 2002, recognizes the work he has done as a professor of social work at Columbia and in the field of drug and TheRecord Staff: not have heard of his invention—the Pupin induction coil—but you’ve certainly used alcohol abuse prevention. Editor: Bridget O’Brian Graphic Designer: Nicoletta Barolini it. Long-distance telephone service would Senior Writer: Melanie A. Farmer never have been possible without it. ASK ALMA’S OWL SHEILA KAMERMAN, the Comp- University Photographer: Eileen Barroso ton Foundation Centennial Profes- sor of Social Work in the School Contact The Record: the unskilled jobs available to immigrants, t: 212-854-2391 Pupin perfected his English and won a of Social Work and co-director f: 212-678-4817 of the Institute for Child and e: [email protected] scholarship to Columbia College, a move that launched him on his academic and Family Policy at Columbia, has The Record is published twice a month dur- inventing career. been appointed to the board of the ing the academic year, except for holiday and newly established Journal of International Childhood vacation periods. Permission is given to use Pupin died in 1935, and the building Record material in other media. was named in his honor after his death. Social Indicators. She has significant experience on the Columbia’s tradition of innovation advisory boards of various scholarly journals, including the David M. Stone didn’t die with Pupin, however. In 1939, Journal of Public Policy and Social Service Review. Executive Vice President for Communications a uranium atom was split for the first Professor of political science FREDRICK HARRIS has Pupin’s Coil time in Pupin Hall, an innovation that led received the 2007 Mary Parker Follett Award for his Correspondence/Subscriptions He held more than two dozen patents, ultimately to the Manhattan project and article, “It Takes a Tragedy to Arouse Them: Collective Anyone may subscribe to The Record for $27 and his discoveries advanced X-ray construction of the atom bomb. The laser per year. The amount is payable in advance Memory and Collective Action during the Civil Rights to Columbia University, at the address below. photographs, alternating current and was invented there in 1959 by Gordon Movement,” published in the May 2006 volume of Allow 6 to 8 weeks for address changes. underground cables. They also made Gould, a doctoral student. And Columbia Social Movement Studies: Journal of Social, Cultural, him wealthy and famous. He became an researchers in Pupin developed the and Political Protest. The award, given by the American Postmaster/Address Changes advisor to the military regarding radio heat-resistant ceramic tiles used to Political Science Association’s Section on Politics and Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY and communications for aircraft in World shield space shuttles. The shuttle, which additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send History, recognizes the best article on politics and history address changes to The Record, 535 W. War I and a confidant to presidents, even first entered space in 1981, was named published in the preceding calendar year. 116th St., 402 Low Library, Mail Code 4321, advising Woodrow Wilson on how to handle Columbia, partly in recognition of the New York, NY 10027. the nations of Serbia and Montenegro after contributions of those researchers. ALEXANDER GLASSMAN, professor of psychiatry at the World War I. In this owl’s opinion, he was The U.S. Interior Department made College of Physicians and Surgeons and chief of clinical Columbia’s fi rst superstar professor. Pupin Hall a national landmark in 1965 psychopharmacology at the New York State Psychiatric Born to illiterate parents in a tiny town in in honor of all the research that took Institute, has been awarded the Anna-Monika Prize for his what is now Serbia, Pupin emigrated to New place there. work on the onset of major depression associated with TheRecord welcomes your input for news York alone in 1874, with only a nickel in items and staff profiles. You can submit —By Bridget O’Brian acute coronary syndromes. The Anna-Monika Foundation your suggestions to: his pocket, according to his autobiography, was founded in 1964 to promote experimental research (which won [email protected] From Immigrant to Inventor Send your questions for Alma’s Owl to on the causes of depression and names an honoree a Pulitzer Prize in 1924.) While working at [email protected]. every two years. T heRecord OCTOBER 10, 2007 3 A COPYRIGHT HOW-TO COURTESY OF LAW SCHOOL By Melanie A. Farmer

rtists and writers should think twice before nearly two decades before his friend and client signing their creative life away. William Safire approached him to handle the contract So say a pair of professors at Columbia for a book he was writing on President Richard Law School, who have launched a new Nixon. In 1975, Janklow negotiated what was then WeA b site, www.keepyourcopyrights.org, that aims to considered a huge advance of $ 250,000, according to simplify the legal lingo used in copyrights contracts the Washington Post . When the publisher later tried and give writers and artists a better understanding of to back out of the deal, Janklow successfully sued to their rights. enforce the contract. He has been a huge advocate for “There are really bad contracts out there, especially authors’ rights ever since. in book deals,” said Tim Wu, professor of law and “It is amazing how many pe ople, even very one of the new site’s creators. “There’s a line in law successful authors for example, have been very used repeatedly [which is] ‘this is just standard.’ The much harmed by their own and their lawyers’ lack of majority of the time this is just not true.” knowledge about what should be covered in contracts Wu and Jane C. Ginsburg, professor of property and what their rights really are,” said Janklow at the law, jointly created the si te, which went live in law school event. He said that publi shers previously September. The site provides copyrights contract dominated the business, giving them the upper hand information that addresses the works of writers, in negotiating contracts. But, now, it’s a much more photographers, video producers and contributors to author-dominated business than it used to be. contests or user-generated contest sites. More specifi c “Nobody cares what the next book from Knopf is examples will be add ed as the site gets updated. or from Simon & Schuster,” said Janklow. “They go There’s also a glossary of legal terms on the site as in asking for the name of the book by author usually: well as examples and defi nitions of various contracts, What’s the new Tom Wolfe? What’s the new Michael royalty statements and clauses. Wu and Ginsburg hope Crichton? So, it’s the author who has the dominant it will be a growing resource for both creators position, and the moment I realized that, the odds in and lawyers. this game changed.” The launch was held in conjunction with the The new Web site, he said, will “at the very 15th anniversary of the Morton L. Janklow Chair least alert people to the dangers that lurk in these in Literary and Artistic Property Law honoring the contracts.” chair’s namesake. Ginsburg currently holds the Keepyourcopyrights.org is a collaboration between Janklow Chair, which was esta blished in 1992. the Law School’s Kernochan C enter for Law, M edia a nd Janklow, (LAW’53), practiced corporate law for the Arts and the Program on Law and Technology. NIH GRANTS: The Winning Research

According to Champagne, scientists are still without a Peter Bearman clear picture that shows how genetic and environmental By David Poratta factors “interact to mediate the transmission of maternal behavior from one generation to the next.”The NIH award, eter Bearman, the Jonathan R. Cole Professor of said Champagne, “is giving me the opportunity to answer Social Science and director of the Institute for Social this question, which is fundamental to understanding how P and Economic Research and Policy (ISERP) will social experiences influence the brain.” receive $2.5 million over five years for research on autism. Bearman, an internationally recognized expert on network analysis, is known for his innovative work on adolescent Dana Pe’er sexual networks, networks of disease transmission and genetic influences on same-sex preference. By Clare Oh With his autism research, Bearman aims to identify to what extent each of three competing theories—expanded IH New Innovator Dana Pe’er (pronounced Peter Bearman criteria for diagnosing autism, environmental degradation, pay-er) is looking forward to building her lab team and genetic inheritance—is able to account for the rise in N and working on the next phase of her research, autism cases. Bearman says many of the most innovative which seeks to illuminate how a cell’s regulatory network scholars working on autism today are at Columbia, from processes signals and how this signal processing goes wrong the Department of Sociology to the schools of medicine in cancer.As one of the world’s leading computational and public health. “This award,” he added, “will help biologists, Pe’er develops highly sophisticated computa- Columbia continue to be identified as one of the universities tional “machine learning” methods that analyze genomic leading the way in understanding the determinants of the data and detect patterns that underlie interactions and autism epidemic.” influences between molecules in a cell. With the NIH award funding, Pe’er and her team will seek to understand the general underlying principles governing Frances Champagne how cells process signals, how molecular networks compute and how genetic variations alter cellular functioning. By Clare Oh Specifically, she wants to understand how changes in DNA Frances Champagne codes modify a cell’s response to its internal and external rances Champagne, assistant professor of neurobiology cues, which then leads to changes throughout the entire and behavior in the Department of Psychology, explores body. These changes, or malfunctions, can cause anything F the genetic and environmental factors that may from autoimmune disease to cancer. determine how maternal behaviors are passed from mothers “Cancer is a very individual disease—unique in how it to daughters. In other words, she and her team are trying develops in every person,” said Pe’er, who came to Columbia to answer the age-old question: Is it nature or nurture that less than a year ago with her husband, Itsik Pe’er, also a infl uences maternal behavior? computational biologist at the University.“Our research is Champagne has discovered that it may be both. Without aimed toward personalized cancer diagnosis and treatment. enough physical attention given by mother rats, female For each individual patient, we wish to detect the key offspring had certain genes switch off, leading to changes mutations that cause cancer, understand how these combine that affect their DNA—a phenomenon called epigenetics— to cause the malignant behavior and pinpoint where and triggering a process that turns off hormones that regulate how to target drug intervention, leading to better therapies maternal behavior. and drug development. I’m hoping this will be my impact.” Dana Pe’er 4 OCTOBER 10, 2007 T heRecord World Leaders

he People’s Republic of Bangladesh has boosted Bangladesh has achieved near self-sufficiency in food food production and lowered its poverty rate. But production, Ahmed said, as well as steady growth of 5 to 6 the country’s current political climate—it has been percent annually in its GDP, largely due to momentum in ruled by a “caretaker” government since January— the ready-made garments industry. The poverty headcount ovT ershadowed the encouraging outlook proffered by the rate has dropped to 40 percent in 2005 from 59 percent in nation’s chief advisor in his Sept. 28 World Leaders address. 1990. Primary school enrollment jumped to 94 percent last Fakhruddin Ahmed, who leads the interim government, year from 74 percent in 1991. Still, Bangladesh’s agricultural said his administration is committed to eradicating political production shows smaller returns given the limited amount corruption. of land to serve the growing population. Managing the ever- “Our caretaker administration is doing the best we can increasing population is a big challenge, Ahmed said, because to purge the malady of corruption in order that the promise of a lack of jobs.

OSO of democracy can be fulfilled, and elected governments in During the question-and-answer period, Ahmed fended the future will act for the public good instead of pursuing off questions from audience members who were skeptical their own interests,” he said. about the administration’s plans to get rid of corruption in Earlier this year, Bangladesh suspended parliamentary Bangladesh. EILEEN BARR elections scheduled for February because of disagreements “We’re not aiming to do away with all of the corruption among political leaders on how those elections should be in Bangladesh in this short period,” he said.“We’re trying to handled. Recently, some high-ranking politicians , including make corruption extremely costly and through the normal, former Prime Ministers Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina, legal process of the country. We are trying to book those very BANGLADESH were jailed on alleged corruption charges.Ahmed said new high-level people who have engaged in corrupt practices and elections will be held by December 2008. bring them to justice under the laws of the land.” —By Melanie A. Farmer

s a lieutenant in the Bosnian army, Zeljko Komsic was he says. “It is the people and the way of life, a desire not to on the front line as sectarian hatred almost ripped live by each other but with each other.” his country apart. Now, as chair of the presidency of A native of Sarajevo and a graduate of its law school, Bosnia and Herzegovina, his priority is to promote Komsic was a lawyer at the Institute for Pension Insurance etA hnic reconciliation. of Bosnia and Herzegovina when the war broke out in “War caused many dysfunctions within our society,” 1992. He joined the Army of the Republic, rising to the he told a full house at Columbia’s Low Library on Sept. rank of first lieutenant. He was awarded his nation’s 27. “The most difficult task now is to heal the society and highest military decoration for defending Sarajevo. He bring the values back.” was elected to a four-year term as the Croat member of Komsic, who represents ethnic Croats in the three- the three-pronged presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina

OSO pronged rotating presidency, used his address to put in 2006 and took over the rotating chair in July. his nation’s recent war in a broader context. Reviewing Bosnia a nd H erzegovina still f aces a n umber of challenges, its long history, he emphasized his country’s tradition he acknowledged in answer to questions. The number of

EILEEN BARR of multi-ethnic harmony, as well as the challenges students who say they would leave if they could has risen it has faced during centuries of occupation by various from 65 percent to 85 percent in recent years, he noted. foreign powers. “I think the guilt lies with those who are enticing The recent conflict pitting Serbs versus Croats different ethnic and religious divisions in our country,” he and Muslims was, in the end, a testament to its said. “They’re not giving any stability to the people. The BOSNIA AND strength, Komsic argued, not a sign of weakness. “There solution lies in the hands of voters who vote for people is something that keeps our country and people together,” who behave that way.” HERZEGOVINA —By Adam Piore ichelle Bachelet triumphed over torture to become returned and became a pediatrician specializing in children Chile’s first female head of state. traumatized by the Pinochet era. She later worked with Imprisoned by the Pinochet regime in 1975, her country’s National AIDS Coalition. After being named a year after her father, a general, perished in Chile’s Minister of Health in 2000, she revamped the custodM y, she rose to head the government that authorized nation’s health care system. her family’s internment and abuse, an experience that But becoming secretary of defense in 2002 was her most deeply informs her approach to power since her election remarkable accomplishment, not just for its armed forces as president in 2006. focus (a woman in that post was a first for the entire region), Bachelet opened her Sept. 24 World Leaders address by but because in a country where only one-third of women noting a recent flurry of free elections in her region.“The role are in the workforce, abortion is banned and divorce was of the state must be reassessed,” Bachelet said. “We need to legalized only in 2005.

OSO accommodate economic growth with better social equity.” With much talk of a U.S. woman president following similar Bachelet appeals to both the private sector and the poor in hopes for France just six months ago, what does Bachelet her focus on free-market-driven job creation and better state- think women bring to the top job? backed health care, education and day care. Men can be decisive or indecisive, and are equally admired EILEEN BARR Bachelet is working to shrink growing wage gaps in Chile, for taking a stand or being reflective, she said. By contrast, where despite GDP growth nudging 6 percent, its poorest women are perceived as too tough or soft. “When women citizens earn just $2 a day. Poverty affected 48 percent of Latin make hard decisions, it is said they did so because a man Americans in 1990, but today still affects 38 percent, she said. convinced them,” she said. “But as a doctor I made life-or- CHILE After her imprisonment and several years’ exile, Bachelet death decisions.” —By Carolyn Whelan T heRecord OCTOBER 10, 2007 5

he topic of economic reform was central in the managing its success. Estonia is focused on the European World Leaders Forum conversation between Mikheil Union, which it joined in 2004.“The only way for Europe to Saakashvili, president of the Republic of Georgia, and do well is to integrate further,” he said. his fellow president,Toomas Hendrik Ilves of Estonia. The two presidents share another distinction—as T Just four years ago, the Republic of Georgia was considered Columbia alumni, Saakashvili from the Law School in 1994 one of the worst countries in which to do business, said and Ilves from Columbia College in 1976. When Columbia Saakashvili, a “corrupt place” to do business. Yet the World President Lee C. Bollinger, who moderated the discussion, Bank recently ranked Georgia as one of the highest ranking asked what is on each leader’s to-do list for advancing the economies, at 18th out of 178 nations as evaluated by economy, both mentioned building political confi dence, regulations that affect economic growth. providing more freedoms to the people and promoting

OSO “This is almost a miracle,” said Saakashvili, Georgia’s entrepreneurial spirit. president since January 2004. “This shows that there are When Bollinger turned the dialogue to Russia, Ilves said no hopeless cases.”The World Bank annual report, “Doing that while all the neighboring countries would like to see

EILEEN BARR Business 2008,” was released last month and ranks Georgia things move toward a democracy, they also need to continue ahead of more established economies such as Germany, Italy to develop their own defense procedures. Saakashvili and France. Saakashvili said Georgia looks to Estonia as a role lightheartedly called Ilves “the skeptic” and himself “the model, and he expects Georgia’s growth rate to be 14 to 15 optimist” when it comes to dealing with Russia. Ilves percent this year. responded,“If I didn’t have to talk about Russia again for the ESTONIA AND Estonia was ranked 17th in the same World Bank report. rest of my life, it wouldn’t bother me ... My country wants to “Success is coming largely from liberating people’s energies,” deal with Europe. That’s our interest.” GEORGIA Ilves said, who added that his country’s challenges lie in — By Melanie A. Farmer utside on Low Plaza, a day-long peaceful demonstration answer session with quest ions from students. by more than 2,000 students about the views of In his answers, Ahmadinejad maintained that Iran’s Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad provided a nuclear program is legal, peaceful and designed for energy, vivid opportunity for freedom of speech on campus. not war. He deflected questions on the status of Israel, OInside Lerner Hall, the Iranian president took the stage saying only that Palestinians should be able to choose almost silently for the W orld Leaders Forum, which was their future in a refer endum. Asked why he calls for more arranged by SIPA Dean John Coatsworth and Professor research on the widely-documented Holocaust, he parried Richard Bulliet. The audience grew quiet as Columbia with more questions: “Can we close the books forever on a president Lee Bollinger began. historical event?” Fulfilling a public agreement with the Iranian Mission on a Ahmadinejad provoked guffaws when, asked about the sharply challenging introduction to its President’s statemen ts denial of rights to women and homosexuals, he asserted th at

OSO and policies, Bollinger began by defending the right of faculty “in Iran, we don’t have homosexuals like in your country.” members to invite—and the University community to hear— Women, he added, enjoy “the highest level of freedoms” and speakers like Ahmadinejad. Bollinger then catalogued the while many hold high-level posts, women also are “exempt brutal crackdowns on scholars, journalists and human rights from many responsibilities.” EILEEN BARR advocates and harshly reb uked the Iranian president for his At the end, Coatsworth said it was regrettable the repeated denial of the Holocaust, his infl ammatorystatements Iranian president had to leave before answering all the regarding Israel and Iran’s support for terrorist groups. students’ questions, “or even answer some of the ones that A former professor of civil engineering, Ahmadinejad we posed to him.” But Ahmadinejad’s “appearance here IRAN complained in his response of the “unfriendly treatment” in demonstrates Columbia’s deep commitment to free Bollinger’s remarks and launched into a flowery speech about expression and debate.” religion and science. Coatsworth then began a question-and- — By Record Staff

efore entering politics, Bingu wa Mutharika was an what Mutharika calls growth centers in mostly rural areas. economist. Now, as president of Malawi, he relies on Malawi’s ability to increase food production in the last two his training as he strives to overcome the challenges years is nearly unheard of for a densely populated country in facing his impoverished nation. sub-Saharan Africa.The food surplus enabled the government B Malawi is considered one of the world’s poorest countries, to donate food to many impoverished Malawians and some where 65 percent of Malawians live below the poverty line, neighboring countries. according to the United Nations Development Programme. The planned growth centers will help spur jobs, commerce In his Sept. 24 World Leaders address, co-sponsored by and economic growth such as a shopping center, hospital, The Earth Institute, Mutharika discussed Malawi’s current police station and a school, Mutharika said. “Development economic state and how it survived recurring drought while must be brought to the people,” not the other way around, increasing its food production through subsistence farming. he stressed.

OSO Mutharika listed Africa’s many natural resources, including In the question-and-answer period, Mutharika confi rmed tobacco, tea, diamonds and crude oil, then asked,“Yet why is that the country’s constitution is under review, admitting that Africa the poorest region in the world?” there are a lot of “shortcomings” in it as it was established “Africa is being marginalized” by globalization, said “rather hurriedly,” he said. EILEEN BARR Mutharika. Many observers, he said, consider globalization Asked by a Teachers College doctoral student whether a one-way street, with “unethical exploitation” of the poor the revised constitution will allow the president to remain by the rich.“This is a wake-up call to Africa to look for in offi ce indefinitely, or even for his lifetime, Mutharika said homegrown solutions,” he added.“In Malawi, we have taken he will “absolutely not” stay for life. Leaders must let go and MALAWI over our own growth and development strategy.” make room for new ideas.“I want to retire when my time Malawi supports small-scale farmers and plans to develop comes and retire with dignity.” — By Melanie A. Farmer

ith its geopolitically significant location bordering Berdymukhammedov made no new promises. Instead, he Iran, Afghanistan and the oil and gas-rich Caspian played up Turkmenistan’s neutrality and noted that his nation Sea, there’s plenty of reason to pay attention to is “willing to conduct a cultural dialogue with any country.” Turkmenistan. He suggested a number of ways universities like Columbia W Yet for decades, the former Soviet Republic has been can help his nation develop. isolated and reclusive under “president for life” Saparmurat “It takes more than just domestic efforts for a nation to Niyazov. During his 15-year rule, which ended with his death arrive at a state-of-the-art level in education and science,” he last December, Niyazov created a cult of personality, exiled said. Berdymukhammedov hopes to send students abroad and jailed political opponents and even made it hard to obtain and would like to establish long-term cooperation with verifiable information about events inside his country. a group of U.S. universities in areas of mutual interest. Last week, Niyazov’s little known successor—President An exchange program with Texas A&M University trained

OSO Gurbanguly Malikgulyyevich Berdymukhammedov, who students and faculty to help run a new business and took office in February—came to Columbia University to management department at Turkmen University. introduce his nation to New York City and invite academics Columbia’s “excellent medical centers seem to be just to come visit. the right place for our personnel to be retrained, obtain EILEEN BARR In his introductory remarks, Columbia President Lee C. information and learn to work with the latest medical Bollinger noted some of Berdymukhammedov’s promised technologies,” he said. reforms, including passing a social services law, reopening He said he was also interested in online education the Turkmenistan Academy of Science after Niyazov shut it and hopes American universities will consider opening a TURKMENISTAN down and opening the nation’s first Internet cafes.Though Turkmenistan branch. Bollinger said it’s too early to evaluate the new president’s — By Adam Piore progress,“The world is hopeful.” 6 OCTOBER 10, 2007 T he

COLUMBIA UNIVERS

Columbia University Transportation operates shuttle buses alo that provide faculty, staff and students a convenient way to travel b campuses and buildings and city transportation hubs. These ser charge to those with a valid University ID. Shuttles run Monday through Friday, with the exception of the Saturday service and the Late-Night On-Call service. Shuttle serv

INTERCAMPUS SHUTTLE Morningside Campus: 116th St. and Broadway, NE Corner (116th) CUMC: Milstein Pavilion on Ft.Washington Ave. and 168th St. (CUMC) Harlem Hospital: 136th St. and Lenox Ave. (HH) Time Departs Destination Time Departs Destination Time Departs Destination 6:30am CUMC HH 12:55pm HH CUMC 6:45pm HH CUMC 6:50am HH CUMC 1:25pm CUMC 116th 7:35pm CUMC 116th 7:10am CUMC HH 1:40pm 116th CUMC 7:50pm 116th CUMC 7:30am HH CUMC 1:55pm CUMC HH 8:10pm CUMC 116th 7:50am CUMC HH 2:15pm HH CUMC 8:30pm 116th HH 8:05am HH 116th 2:35pm CUMC 116th 8:45pm HH CUMC 8:20am 116th CUMC 2:50pm 116th CUMC 9:00pm CUMC 116th 8:40am CUMC 116th 3:05pm CUMC HH 9:20pm 116th CUMC 9:00am 116th CUMC 3:25pm HH 116th 9:40pm CUMC 116th 9:25am CUMC HH 3:45pm 116th CUMC 10:00pm 116th HH 9:45am HH 116th 4:00pm CUMC 116th 10:15pm HH CUMC 10:05am 116th CUMC 4:15pm 116th CUMC 10:30pm CUMC 116th 10:20am CUMC 116th 4:30pm CUMC HH 10:50pm 116th CUMC 10:35am 116th CUMC 4:50pm HH CUMC 11:10pm CUMC 116th 10:55am CUMC HH 5:05pm CUMC 116th 11:25pm 116th HH 11:15am HH CUMC 5:25pm 116th CUMC 11:40pm HH CUMC 12:05pm CUMC 116th 5:45pm CUMC 116th 11:55pm CUMC 116th 12:20pm 116th CUMC 6:05pm 116th CUMC 12:10am 116th CUMC 12:35pm CUMC HH 6:25pm CUMC HH NOTE: During June, July and August, the Intercampus Shuttle terminates at 8:00pm.

EVENING SHUTTLE--RIVERSIDE DRIVE ROUTE PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM 116th St. and Amsterdam Ave. (NW corner) 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 McBain Hall: 562 W. 113th St. 7:03 7:33 8:03 8:33 9:03 9:33 10:03 10:33 110th St. and Broadway (NW corner) 7:04 7:34 8:04 8:34 9:04 9:34 10:04 10:34 Carlton Arms: 362 Riverside Dr.7:06 7:36 8:06 8:36 9:06 9:36 10:06 10:36 114th St. and Riverside Dr. (SE corner) 7:08 7:38 8:08 8:38 9:08 9:38 10:08 10:38 Barnard 6: 116th St. and Claremont Ave. 7:09 7:39 8:09 8:39 9:09 9:39 10:09 10:39 40 Claremont Ave. 7:10 7:40 8:10 8:40 9:10 9:40 10:10 10:40 528 Riverside Dr.7:13 7:43 8:13 8:43 9:13 9:43 10:13 10:43 Studebaker Building: 615 W. 131st St. 7:17 7:47 8:17 8:47 9:17 9:47 10:17 10:47 Prentis Hall: 632 W. 125th St. 7:19 7:49 8:19 8:49 9:19 9:49 10:19 10:49 560 Riverside Dr.7:22 7:52 8:22 8:52 9:22 9:52 10:22 10:52 LAMONT-DOHERTY SHUTTLE International House: 155 Claremont Ave. 7:24 7:54 8:24 8:54 9:24 9:54 10:24 10:54 EVENING SHUTTLE--MORNINGSIDE DRIVE ROUTE CU Morningside Campus: 118th St. and Amsterdam Ave. (SW corner) PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory: Geoscience Building, Lamont campus, Palisades, NY 116th St. and Amsterdam Ave. (NE corner) 6:00 6:30 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 Morningside to Lamont Lamont to Morningside Plimpton: 1235 Amsterdam Ave. 6:03 6:33 7:03 7:33 8:03 8:33 9:03 9:33 10:03 10:33 8:00am 9:00am 526 W. 122nd St. 6:05 6:35 7:05 7:35 8:05 8:35 9:05 9:35 10:05 10:35 9:00am 10:00am 110 Morningside Dr.6:07 6:37 7:07 7:37 8:07 8:37 9:07 9:37 10:07 10:37 10:00am 11:00am A, B, C, D Trains: 125th St. and St. Nicholas Ave. 6:13 6:40 7:13 7:40 8:13 8:40 9:13 9:40 10:13 10:40 11:00am 12:00pm 116th St. and Manhattan Ave. (SW corner) 6:16 6:46 7:16 7:46 8:16 8:46 9:16 9:46 10:16 10:46 1:00pm 2:00pm Cathedral Gardens: 217 Manhattan Ave. (SW corner) 6:19 6:49 7:19 7:49 8:19 8:49 9:19 9:49 10:19 10:49 2:00pm 3:00pm 74 W. 108th St. 6:22 6:52 7:22 7:52 8:22 8:52 9:22 9:52 10:22 10:52 3:00pm 4:00pm 18 W. 108th St. 6:24 6:54 7:24 7:54 8:24 8:54 9:24 9:54 10:24 10:54 4:00pm 5:00pm LATE-NIGHT ON-CALL SERVICE 5:00pm 6:00pm Available from 11:00pm to 2:00am on weekdays and from 7:00pm to 2:00am on weekends. 6:00pm (except Friday) 7:00pm (except Friday) Call 212-854-SAFE (7233) and a driver will be dispatched to your location. On-Call Service area extends from 135th St. to 103rd St. and from Riverside Dr. to Frederick Douglass Blvd. Saturday: 9:00am Saturday: 5:00pm e Record OCTOBER 10, 2007 7

SITY TRANSPORTATION SERVICES ong several routes on University holidays. All shuttle times are approximate and subject to traffi c etween Columbia delays. Columbia shuttles are operated by Golden Touch Transportation. Shuttles rvices are free of may be branded with Columbia University or Golden Touch logos but will always be identifiable with Columbia Transportation signs on board. e Lamont-Doherty For more information, visit www.columbia.edu/cu/transportation or vice is suspended email any questions to [email protected]. See you on the shuttle.

GWB BUS TERMINAL SHUTTLE

AM GWB Bus Terminal: Kinney Parking Garage, Upper Level

PM GWB Bus Terminal: Street Level (178th St. and Ft.Washington Ave.)

CUMC Neurological Institute (170 W. 168th St. between Haven Ave. and Ft.Washington Ave.)

Morning AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM Departs GWB 7:00 7:15 7:30 7:45 8:00 8:15 8:30 8:45 9:00 9:15 9:30 Bus Terminal Afternoon PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM Departs 4:00 4:15 4:30 4:45 5:00 5:15 5:30 5:45 6:00 6:15 6:30 CUMC Evening PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM Departs 7:45 8:00 8:15 8:30 8:45 9:00 9:15 9:30 9:45 10:00 CUMC

STUDEBAKER SHUTTLE--MIDDAY AND RUSH HOUR ROUTES Indicates shuttle stops at passenger’s request Rush Hour AM AM AM AM AM AM AM Studebaker Bldg.: 615 West 131st St. 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 D/O Prentis/Reality: 125th St. & St. Clair Pl. **** ** A, B, C, D trains: 125th & St. Nicholas Ave. 7:10 7:40 8:10 8:40 9:10 9:40 Teachers College: 525 West 120th St. 7:20 7:50 8:20 8:50 9:20 9:50 Employment Center: 3180 Broadway **** ** Midday AM AM AM AM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM PM Studebaker Bldg.: 615 West 131st St. 10:40 11:10 11:40 12:10 12:40 1:10 1:40 2:10 2:40 3:10 D/O 4:10 Prentis/Reality: 125th St. & St. Clair Pl. **** ****** * 116th & Amsterdam (SW corner) 10:50 11:20 11:50 12:20 12:50 1:20 1:50 2:20 2:50 3:20 4:20 Lerner Hall: 115th St. & Broadway 10:53 11:23 11:53 12:23 12:53 1:23 1:53 2:23 2:53 3:23 4:23 Employment Center: 3180 Broadway **** ****** * Rush Hour PM PM PM PM PM PM Studebaker Bldg.: 615 West 131st St. 4:40 5:10 5:40 6:10 6:40 Prentis/Reality: 125th St. & St. Clair Pl.* **** A,B,C,D trains: 125th St. & St. Nicholas Ave. D/O D/O D/O D/O D/O Teachers College: 525 West 120th St. 5:00 5:30 6:00 6:30 D/O Employment Center: 3180 Broadway ****

* Indicates stop-and-go location; the shuttle stops at passenger’s request or if a passenger is waiting at stop. OLINI D/O Indicates drop-off location. Bus will not idle at stop. A BAR No shuttle service between 10:10-10:40 and 3:40-4:10. NICOLETT 8 OCTOBER 10, 2007 T heRecord B-school and Columbia University Press Start New Business Imprint By Melanie A. Farmer

his month, Columbia Business School and Finding Financial Wisdom in Unconventional Places Columbia University Press, founded in 1893, is the Columbia Universit y Press jointly launched (Updated and Expanded) by Michael J. Mauboussin. fourth oldest university press in the nation. It publishes a new imprint called Columbia Business “The imprint came about as a natural partnership 150 new titles each year by authors both from School Publishing, which will publish between Columbia University Press and the Business Columbia and elsewhere. While CU Press had already books,T cases, periodicals and other works in fi nance, School,” said Paul Glasserman, senior vice dean at the been publishing business, finance and economics titles, economics and various areas of business scholarship. business school and a professor of business.“It expands the new imprint will support the ideas and research Its first titles will be books from two well-known the scope of ideas carried by the press, and it opens a originating primarily from Columbia faculty members. Columbia business school professors—Strategic new channel for the school.” With its business, finance and economics publishing Intuition:The Creative Spark in Human Achievement CU Press had long been interested in starting a arm, Columbia joins Harvard University, whose Harvard by William Duggan and More Than You Know: publishing program specifically for business, economics Business School Press was founded in 1994, the and finance books, but other projects Wharton School at University of Pennsylvania and the at the firm took priority. Last University of Virginia’s business school.Two years ago, spring, after talks between CU Yale joined Virginia’s Darden Publishing in a venture to press and officials at the school, publish a series of business books on innovation and the decision was made to start entrepreneurship. the imprint. This is the first time the press is working so closely “The strength of this with another school at the University.Though there imprint is that the publishing aren’t any immediate plans for CU Press to create a infrastructure [already exists] partnership with other schools at Columbia, Thompson within CU Press,” said Myles wouldn’t rule out a similar joint venture if appropriate. Thompson, publisher of Thompson said the new titles will be available Columbia Business wherever books are sold. School Publishing The market for such books appears to be robust. and publisher of The Association of American Publishers, which tracks economics for CU the U.S. publishing industry, said sales of university Press. “We already press hardcover books for the month were up by have that part established. 19.7 percent in July, the latest month available, with We’re in a great position now sales of $6.9 million. The professional and scholarly to offer Columbia Business category increased 13.8 percent in July with sales at School faculty and others $107.6 million. By contrast, the group said that sales new alternatives when they of all books in July were up 20 percent. want to publish.” Thompson believes the new imprint will stand out for its concentration on serious business topics. “So many trade publishers are in the business of being a hit factory; looking for the next book by Greenspan, and because of that, there are great opportunities for thoughtful books,” he said. A principal goal, is to try to publish business books that are both “entertaining and educational,” he added. Columbia Business School Publishing this year also will release Sustaining India’s Growth Miracle edited by Jagdish Bhagwati, University Professor of Economics, and Charles W. Calomiris, professor at the business school; and Corporate Risk Management edited by Donald H. Chew, founding partner of management consulting firm Stern, Stewart & Co.

“Aha!” continued from page 1 in the book is the title.” field quickly recognizes a situation as similar to Duggan is being a bit coy; he means to illustrate one one that has occurred before. (Expert intuition of his book’s main points, that there are no new ideas in was the subject of Malcolm Gladwell’s best-selling the world, just new ways of putting ideas together. As he book Blink). explains it, successful decision-makers study problems As Duggan explains the workings of strategic that arise in other fields and how people have solved intuition, “When you’re trying to solve a problem, those problems (or pieces of them), and then combine your mind breaks down the situation into pieces, and those solutions into new ones. it looks on the shelves of your mind for solutions to “Great ideas bring together diverse elements from those pieces. The more things you have read and seen, the past,” says Duggan. In his book, as in his course, the more things there are on those shelves.” Duggan gives examples of strategic intuition in the In developing his theory, Duggan turned to decision-making of historical figures. Napoleon used the work of Eric Kandel, a Columbia professor the tactics of old generals in new permutations to of biology, biochemistry and psychiatry, design strategies for his military campaigns; Picasso and a Nobel laureate, who has written about combined the styles of Matisse and African sculpture “intelligent memory.” in Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon, the modern painting According to Glenn Hubbard, dean of the that made him famous; and Bill Gates put together Business School, Duggan’s work “has enormous the BASIC computer language and the fi rst mass implications for the teaching of strategy.” market minicomputer, neither of which he invented, Duggan’s new book explains how the prepared to create the company that would eventually became mind works and it supports something Louis Pasteur Microsoft Corp. once said, “Chance favors the prepared mind.” OLINI Duggan is careful to distinguish strategic intuition from ordinary intuition, which is really just a gut To read the first chapter of Strategic Intuition , go to A BAR feeling, he says. Nor is it the same as expert intuition, www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/publicity/duggan_excerpt.html

the process by which a person with experience in a NICOLETT T heRecord OCTOBER 10, 2007 9

NEW ON THE SHELVES

very year, Columbia University Press publishes some 150 titles from professors at academic institutions E throughout the world, in a wide range of fields including history, economics, environmental sciences, film and even culinary history. As the new academic year gets under way, here is a selection of books from the publishing house by Inked @ Columbia Columbia faculty.

Enemies of Intelligence: Unnatural Wonders Confucian Tradition and The Analects of Confucius Russian Foreign Policy in the Knowledge & Power in American Essays from the Gap Global Education BY BURTON WATSON Twenty-first Century & the Shadow National Security Between Art and Life BY WILLIAM THEODORE DE BARY, of the Past Renowned translator and former BY RICHARD K. BETTS BY ARTHUR C. DANTO WITH CONTRIBUTIONS BY CHEUNG CHAN FAI EDITED BY ROBERT LEGVOLD AND KWAN TZE-WAN Columbia professor Burton Watson United States intelligence agencies Danto, the Johnsonian Professor brings his intimate knowledge of In this volume, leading historians faced much public criticism after the Emeritus of Philosophy at Columbia With English fast becoming a global the Chinese language and Confucian and political scientists offer up attacks on Sept. 11, 2001, and the University and art critic for The Nation, language, de Bary points out the tradition to a new interpretation of explanations and theories surrounding controversy surrounding the presence launches an in-depth exploration of resultant threat to East Asia’s cultural a centuries-old text. Compiled by Russia’s current foreign policy as a (or absence) of nuclear weapons in Iraq. the conceptual evolution of art from diversity and Confucian traditions. Confucius’ disciples in the fourth result of its long, complex history. Four In his book, Betts, director of the Arnold critiques of contemporary art. He Joined by Cheung Chan Fai and Kwan century B.C.E., the book is widely centuries’ worth of internal and external A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace covers artists from as nearby as New Tze-Wan, de Bary uses essays and considered to be the most influential interactions are explained in these Studies at Columbia, offers a thorough York and as far away as South Africa, debate to critique the modernization philosophical work in Chinese history. essays. Legvold, Columbia’s Marshall critique of the American intelligence but all are subject to Danto’s theory process as we know it. The three Watson’s linguistic precision captures D. Schulman Professor of Political system. His analysis includes praises of the pluralism of contemporary art. scholars examine the current state the humor and wisdom of the aphorisms Science, contributes an examination for the system and notes its triumphs. Danto addresses many pieces in an of East Asia and present solutions and historical anecdotes compiled of the special foreign policy effects Supporting his arguments with theory effort to show the entanglement of art for survival of culture in a rapidly in the Analects, and his rendering of generated by the tumultuous eras of and policy analysis and combining with the human condition and the way Westernized atmosphere. De Bary is the work remains stylistically true to Ivan IV, Peter the Great, Alexander II, academic research with personal art is experienced. the John Mitchell Mason Professor the original. Lenin/Stalin and Gorbachev/Yeltsin. experience, Betts outlines strategies Emeritus and provost emeritus at for better intelligence gathering and Columbia. assessment.

More Than You Know: Globalization Challenged: Music at the Limits Bodies, Commodities, and Classical Japanese Reader and Finding Financial Wisdom in Conviction, Confl ict, Community BY EDWARD W. SAID Biotechnologies: Death, Mourning, Essential Dictionary Unconventional Places BY GEORGE RUPP and Scientific Desire in the Realm BY HARUO SHIRANE (updated and expanded) Though primarily lauded for his of Human Organ Transfer Former Columbia University academic successes, the late Edward From the seventh to the mid-twentieth BY MICHAEL J. MAUBOUSSIN BY LESLEY A. SHARP President and current International Said was also a classically trained century, classical, or literary, Japanese Since its original publication, More Rescue Committee President Rupp pianist, and his intimate knowledge of The unremitting sophistication of was the primary written language in Than You Know has been translated uses examples of recent events in music is as apparent as his intellectual technology throughout the twenti- Japan. This companion to 2005’s into eight languages and was named Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic prowess in this collection of three eth and twenty-first centuries has Classical Japanese: A Grammer contains a best business book of 2006 by of Congo and Sudan to demonstrate decades of essays and articles on had a tremendous effect on per- readings, ranging from easy to difficult, BusinessWeek.This new edition the role of globalization in fueling music. Said examines music’s social, ceptions of both health and death, which Shirane, the Shincho Professor expands the multidisciplinary guide worldwide instability. He traces the political and cultural contexts through particularly in the United States. of Japanese Literature and Culture at to investing with updated research roots of current geopolitical tensions his assessments of classical music Barnard anthropology professor Sharp Columbia University, selected as much and new chapters on investment to a clash between traditional religious and opera, reflecting on topics ranging examines the ideologies that motivate for their cultural and historical relevance philosophy, psychology and the strategy beliefs and Western secularism, and from the censorship of Wagner in Israel the transfer of body parts, the social as for their ability to contextualize and science of money management. challenges the reader to recognize to the questionable intelligence of implications of donors’ deaths and the grammatical lessons. A classical Mauboussin, chief investment strategist the legitimate role of conviction in Pavarotti to the relationship between the medico-scientific desires that per- Japanese-English dictionary featuring at Legg Mason Capital Management global affairs. Rupp’s arguments music and feminism. vade complicated forms of body repair. about 2,500 words makes up the last and adjunct professor at Columbia are supplemented by essays from She synthesizes scientific exploration third of the book. Business School, blends practical Columbia Professor Jagdish Bhagwati, and social critique in this exploration advice and theory in this exploration of Jeremy Waldron and Wayne Proudfoot. of the current state of biomedical intelligent investing. technologies. 10 OCTOBER 10, 2007 T heRecord RESEARCH Surgery Over the Internet

By Robert E. Calem

hat is the best way to lure the fi nest prohibited the use of hard disk drives. Currently, combat casualty application,” he said.“Once they do, it surgeons to remote reaches of the Hannaford and his team are studying ways to perfect a can be commercialized and spun off.” world, where health care is defi cient? It “networked haptic virtual environment,” in which two That may be possible within five to 10 years but may be to keep them where they are, in people separated by distance could simultaneously probably not in the United States, where large cities theW developed nations’ best hospitals, and let them do manipulate an object and sense touching it. Hannaford like New York, Seattle or Los Angeles have plenty of their surgery over the Internet. said this technology could be used with robot surgeons world-class human surgeons.The legal and bureaucratic That was the primary message from Blake Hannaford, for surgical training. hurdles could hinder the use of robot surgeons even in professor of electrical engineering and adjunct professor small towns. of bioengineering, mechanical engineering and surgery In North America, Canada is more likely to see at the University of Washington. He is leading a team of telesurgery commercialized first, because its national engineers and surgeons who are building and perfecting health care system reduces such hurdles. In fact, robot surgeons that can be remotely controlled by a Hannaford noted, there has already been a signifi cant human surgeon via the Internet. Hannaford, who spoke example of telesurgery performed in Canada on at the Morningside campus Sept. 17, was the fi rst of actual patients. In 2003, Mehran Anvari of McMaster five speakers at this year’s Distinguished Lecture Series University in Hamilton, Ontario, used a robot surgeon presented by the Department of Computer Science. to remotely assist in laparoscopic surgery on 22 Outfitted with dexterous arms and hands, the patients at North Bay General Hospital, in a remote part robot can hold and manipulate slim tools designed of northern Canada. However,Anvari’s robot surgeon for laparoscopic surgery, he said. The only tools in was less sophisticated than the one Hannaford’s team the human’s hands are a laptop computer, handheld is striving to develop. controllers and video software to maintain a visual The places most likely to benefit from robot surgeons, connection to the procedure. In addition, because Hannaford says, are underdeveloped regions such as safety is critical and the human surgeon must remain in Africa, where human surgeons from developed nations control,“incremental motion commands” to the robot now go to donate their skills on a voluntary basis. from the human are time-stamped and commands out “How many procedures could be done if surgeons of sequence are ignored. Safety measures also are built could do an hour a week by going into an offi ce and into the robot’s hardware, as well as into its software. Funding for Hannaford’s team has come mostly teleoperating down to Africa?” he posited.“There could In a 2006 test with the U.S. Army, commands were from the U.S. military, which wants a robot surgeon be vastly more resources available.” sent to a robot surgeon in a semi desert setting via an that can operate on troops in combat zones where unmanned aerial vehicle. In another test last May, a robot no human surgeons are available. Exactly when such A video recording of this and other lectures in the surgeon was located in a habitat 60 feet underwater—an “telesurgery” is rolled out for civilian use “depends computer science Distinguished Lecture Series is even harsher environment where atmospheric pressure on how aggressively the military develops this for the available at: www.cs.columbia.edu/resources/video/2007/fall IN SEARCH OF New Study to Tackle BLACK HOLES HIV Research Among By David Poratta Adolescents in India ASA has green-lighted the launch of telescopes capable of detecting black By Record Staff holes in the universe with 1,000 times the sensitivity of previous missions. The wo professors at the School of Social Work Ninitiative, housed in Columbia University’s Department are conducting a new study that attempts of Physics, is known as nuclear spectroscopic to reduce adolescent vulnerability to HIV telescope array (NuSTAR). infection and address HIV prevention The NASA project’s goal is to study the energy Tamong rural families in Maharashtra, India. emanating from exploding black holes, which The study, led by Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, associate researchers liken to engines that convert matter into professor, and Denise Burnette, professor at the school, energy. aims to tailor family-based intervention to reduce Begun in 2005, NASA canceled NuSTAR shortly vulnerability to HIV infection among rural Indian thereafter due to changing budget priorities. Now, youth aged 14 to 18.The research team will conduct scientists aim to launch the telescopes into space in a in-depth interviews, focus groups and a cross-sectional low Earth orbit in 2011. “This is a great triumph for Columbia and the study with rural Indian parents and adolescents. department,” he said. “This $105 million mission “HIV/AIDS among adolescents in India is a serious will require the hiring of some 20 people, including public health concern,” said Burnette. “In a recent undergraduate and graduate students, post-docs study of HIV-related knowledge in rural Maharashtra, and technicians, and will completely occupy almost only 49 percent of the girls and women aged 15 to every available square foot of the Cyclotron building 24 were aware of AIDS, and only 60 percent reported at the Nevis laboratory, along with my lab space here that AIDS could be avoided.” on campus in Pupin. It will be a busy and exciting Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health four years.” and the Indian Council of Medical Research, the Nevis Laboratory is Columbia’s primary center for project is a collaborative effort between the U.S. high-energy experimental particle, nuclear physics and Department of Health and Human Services and the astrophysics research. Indian Department of Health and Family Welfare. The optics in the project were fi rst demonstrated Guilamo-Ramos and Burnette will lead the project on an earlier NASA project, the high energy focusing in collaboration with faculty at the School of Social NASA’s renewed commitment to NuSTAR is great telescope (HEFT), a balloon-borne experiment Work at the Tata Institute for Social Sciences (TISS) in news to Columbia Pupin Professor of Physics Charles conducted by CalTech and Columbia. The three new Mumbai, India. Hailey, whose research group has led the development telescopes to be built for NuSTAR are larger versions of “This study will provide important insights into of focusing hard X-ray optics for astronomers for more those Columbia provided for HEFT, which successfully parent-adolescent communication about HIV and than a decade. Hard X-rays are highly penetrating flew two years ago. the acceptability of different HIV behavioral and bio- and thus allow scientists to peer deeply into regions “NuSTAR is truly an evolution of Columbia’s research medical prevention methods for Indian families,” said obscured by gas and dust where black holes are hiding, and development on the optics,” Hailey said.“The work Guilamo-Ramos.“The research will lead to and provide such as the centers of galaxies both near and far. progressed from the laboratory, to the successful fl ight evidence for a subsequent proposal to conduct a Hailey initiated the NuSTAR project, along with Fiona of telescopes on HEFT, to the bigger and more powerful large-scale clinical trial in India.” Harrison of the California Institute of Technology. optics of the NuSTAR project.” T heRecord OCTOBER 10, 2007 11 SENATE BEGINS ON EXHIBIT: MASQUERADE ART 2007-08 SESSION, new exhibit on display at the Miriam and Ira D.Wallach Art Gallery pays tribute to never-before-seen masquerade art from the Makonde people of Mozambique. DISCUSSES Revolutions:A Century of Makonde Masquerade in Mozambique, willA be on view at the Wallach Gallery until Dec. 8. It features more than AHMADINEJAD 60 examples of Makonde art on loan from public and private collections, including a comprehensive selection of face masks, antelope-horn trumpets, By Tom Mathewson drums, ornate metal bracelets and other pieces of performance art. Few New Yorkers get to see Makonde art; the only other Makonde mask About 70 percent of the on display in the New York area is at the Brooklyn Museum. Some of the Senate showed up for the pieces borrowed for this exhibit are on display for the first time in 50 opening plenary on Sept. 21, years. Alexander Bortolot, the show’s curator, recently received his Ph.D. partly because of intense interest from Columbia’s department of art history and archaeology and lived in the impending visit of Iranian president with the Makonde people in 2004.“I wanted to bring attention to this Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. art,” he said, precisely because they are so little known. President Lee Bollinger reviewed the ratio- The Wallach Gallery is located on the eighth floor of Schermehorn nale for the controversial event. Sens. James Hall. A gallery talk with the exhibition curator is scheduled for Applegate (Ten., A&S/NS), David Rosner Oct. 25 at 6:30 p.m. For gallery hours and more information, call (Ten., PH) and Paul Thompson (Alum.) praised (212) 854-7288. Bollinger’s defense of the principles of free By Melanie A. Farmer speech and academic freedom. Aske d why he planned to condemn the views of the Ira- nian president as he had not done with other controversial guests, like Minutemen leader Jim Gilchrist, President Bollinger said it would be impossible and als o inappropriate to iss ue pronouncements on the views of all speakers invited by students, who at any rate are free (as faculty are not) to pursue purely political agendas in their meetings. Only rarely, as in the present case, he said, is it a ppropriate to express a University consensus condemning extreme views, like Ahmedinejad’s denial of the Holocaust and his call for the destruction OSO of Israel. “I’m not sure there is a consensus,” said Sen. Catherine Franke (Ten., Law),“and I would want you to be clear about when you’re speaking from your own views on [Ahmadinejad’s] public positions and when you’re speaking for PHOTOS BY EILEEN BARR the institution. He is a complicated man. He’s said many, many different things.” Sen. Michael Adler (Ten., Bus.) questioned the COLUMBIA PEOPLE mental health of an institution that obliges itself to listen to views it already knows and detests. Would Columbia hear anything new from Ahmadinejad? “ What is new about this,” replied DAVID YAM student caucus co-chair Andrea Hauge (Bus.), WHO HE IS: Senior Assistant Dean, Director “is that it affords us the chance, through our of Enrollment and Student Services, School of questions—though he may not choose to answer Social Work them—to challenge his ideas. I can’t speak for all students, but most of us truly appreciate that YEARS AT COLUMBIA: 26 opportunity, and feel a level of gravitas in it, WHAT HE DOES: Yam’s duties run the gamut in that our counterparts in Iran don’t have from recruitment to commencement, includ- that opportunity.” ing enrollment management, admissions, The big turnout on Sept. 21 enabled the financial aid, student services and career de- Senate to create a new standing committee velopment. Each day is different, varying on information technology, a move postponed between working with individual student last May when attendance fell short of the problems to big-picture projects such as three-fifths majority required for such by-law international programs development. amendments. HOW HAS SOCIAL WORK ENROLLMENT Executive Committee co-chair Paul Duby CHANGED: Yam arrived on campus in 1982, (Ten., SEAS) reported on two other old OSO when enrollment was down at the school of resolutions. One, to publish Senate-approved social work, and his immediate task was to guidelines for the conduct of deans and chairs boost admissions and recruitment efforts.The in the Faculty Handbook, had been tabled in EILEEN BARR admissions downturn did not alter the face of May after Provost Alan Brinkley had refused to the student body—the students who were interested in pursuing the field were still highly committed and politically publish the Senate policy, which he said had charged.“There is an incredible outpouring of social commitment in our students who want to basically help empower failed to achieve consensus among deans and the lives of those who are less advantaged.” Social work, he said, evolved into an evidence- and research-based profession chairs. The Executive committee had since with the same goal. decided not to press further for publication in the Handbook, but to post the policy on the HOW HE CAME TO COLUMBIA: Before joining Columbia,Yam, 64, was a professor at the University of Redlands in Senate Web site and, with Brinkley’s help, to southern California where he taught sociology for nearly 10 years. Born and raised on West 113th Street in Morningside discuss it with deans and chairs. Heights,Yam felt it was time to come home.“I wanted to come back to the city. I enjoy problem solving. I enjoy building Another resolution, to limit rent increases programs; to be creative … And, Columbia allows that even amidst all of the craziness that is expectable in the world’s in Columbia apartments in 2007-08, had been most vibrant city.” on the floor in May when the quorum was MOST MEMORABLE MOMENT: Three years ago, the school moved from West 113th Street to its current location on lost. Exec had since remanded the measure to Amsterdam Ave.“One of the proudest moments in my 26 years is helping bring this new facility to the students and Housing Policy for further work. faculty; to finally give social work a place of their own, a home of their own.” He is especially satisfied by the decision The next plenary is Oct. 26, at 1:15 to install giant windows in the library to overlook Harlem, where numerous faculty and students volunteer and do p.m. Anyone with a CUID is welcome. field work.“Social work is a profession that values the dynamic relationship of people within the context of their Most Senate documents are available at environment—physical, social, psychological and spatial, he said.” For Yam,“this building is informed by that vision.” www.columbia.edu/cu/senate. BEST PART OF HIS JOB: “The students keep you young.” The above was submitted by Tom Mathewson, IN HIS SPARE TIME: Yam was an avid marathon runner, but has been slowed down by a recent back injury. He enjoys manager of the University Senate. His column music and traveling to France with his wife, Beth Silverman Yam, an adjunct associate professor of social work and is editorially independent of The Record . For clinical director of Sanctuary for Families, to whom he’s been married for 16 years.Yam says he’s deeply grateful to more information about the Senate, go to Columbia for having led him to his life partner. www.columbia.edu/cu/senate. —By Melanie A. Farmer TheRecord S CRAPBOOK OCTOBER 10, 2007 12 OSO

More than 600 Columbia alumni gathered in Paris Sept. 28-30 EILEEN BARR for a gala reception and discussions by a distinguished roster of As part of the first-ever 10-day Columbia/Harlem Festival of Global Jazz, guests convened speakers sponsored by Columbia Alumni Association. Kofi Annan, for an open-ended discussion on Improvisation in Everyday Life.The Sept. 25 panel, Nobel laureate and former Secretary-General of the United Nations, also a World Leaders Forum program, was moderated by George E. Lewis, director delivered the keynote address before sharing the stage with of the Center for Jazz Studies and the Edwin H. Case Professor of American Music. President Lee C. Bollinger for a discussion on human rights, global

Above from left to right: Speakers Muhal Richard Abrams, composer and co-founder ARIS climate change and development in Africa (photo top right).Above of the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM); Margo from left to right: Susan Fuhrman, president of Teachers College; Jefferson, professor at the Graduate School of the Arts; Lewis; Patricia Williams, Joseph E. Stiglitz, University Professor and Nobel laureate; Jeffrey the James L. Dohr Professor of Law; and Yusef Komunyakaa, professor and D. Sachs, director of The Earth Institute; and President Bollinger distinguished senior poet at New York University. discuss globalization. Bottom right: Orhan Pamuk, Nobel laureate and professor of Middle Eastern and Asian languages and cultures, in a conversation on the arts with Carol Becker, newly appointed dean of the school of the arts. PHOTOS COURTESY OF PUBLICIS – P OSO EILEEN BARR Carol Becker, who was named dean of the Graduate School of the Arts in June, doesn’t officially start her new job until January. JO LIN But she was on campus Sept. 20 for a reception in her honor held Hundreds of high school students from the New York area gathered in Pupin Hall Sept. 29 for the initial orientation at the president’s house. Above: President Lee C. Bollinger with meeting of the University’s Science Honors Program, now in its 49th year.The program seeks to encourage gifted Becker at the welcome reception. students to pursue science careers and provides Saturday courses in the physical, chemical, biological, behavioral and computing sciences throughout the academic year.Above: Students enjoy a demonstration on electromagnetism by program director Allan Blaer (far left), professor of physics.

he found it exciting to create a curriculum Wanted: The Next Kerouac for undergraduates that mirrored the continued from page 1 hands-on approach taken by the MFA program in writing. The graduate students “already student’s work could be critiqued, but now we understand the approach of ‘reading as a have workshops running alongside rigorous writer’ that we are trying to teach,” he said. seminars in which they have to read a great “With the undergraduates, you are explaining deal and learn about literary history, but from a new way of reading to them. And I see in a practitioner’s perspective,” said Marcus, who their eyes when we begin that it’s something is the author of, among other works, Notable they’ve been looking for. It’s a way they American Women, The Father Costume, and have secretly connected to these texts all The Age of Wire and String.“If students are along. The major is giving them permission only reading literature in an English class, to pursue that line of inquiry.” they might not acquire that real, tactile sense The courses include writing workshops of how to make a sentence.” in fiction, poetry, nonfiction, playwriting and Six new majors have been created for screenwriting, craft seminars with titles such Columbia undergraduates in the past five as “Exercises in Style”, “Techniques of the years, according to the Office of the Dean Short Story” and “Voices from the Edge.” of Academic Affairs, Columbia College. The classes are intimate, and taught by While Columbia College students could full-time faculty members who have been take individual creative writing workshops published and translated all over the world. prior to this fall—and General Studies had a They also have at their disposal the broader creative writing major, albeit one where half WHAT ARE YOU LOOKING AT? campus of New York City, literary capital the courses had to come from outside the of the nation. Perhaps the next J.D. Salinger HINT: Keep your eyes near the ground, and you may have a base major—this new major for both schools is as or Eudora Welty is sitting in a seminar right for your answer. Send answers to [email protected]. First to thorough and ambitious as the MFA degree e-mail us the right answer wins a Record mug. now, honing his or her craft to carry forward on which it is modeled. the Columbia tradition of creative writing Lipsyte, the author of Home Land, ANSWER TO LAST CHALLENGE: The rooster on the side of the that will reach far beyond campus into the Venus Drive , and The Subject Steve , said sundial. Winner: Hannah Kligman, CC’11. world at large.