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Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers David A
Volume 1 Article 5 1995 Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers David A. Murdoch Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ach Part of the Military History Commons, United States History Commons, and the Women's History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Murdoch, David A. (1995) "Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers," Adams County History: Vol. 1 , Article 5. Available at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ach/vol1/iss1/5 This open access article is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Catherine Mary White Foster's Eyewitness Account of the Battle of Gettysburg, with Background on the Foster Family Union Soldiers Abstract Catherine Mary White Foster lived with her elderly parents in the red brick house on the northwest corner of Washington and High Streets in Gettysburg at the time of the battle, 1-3 July 1863. She was the only child of James White Foster and Catherine (nee Swope) Foster (a former resident of Lancaster county), who married on 11 May 1817 and settled in Gettysburg, Adams county, Pennsylvania. Her father, James White Foster, had served his country as a first lieutenant in the War of 1812. Her grandparents, James Foster and Catherine (nee White) Foster, had emigrated with her father and five older children from county Donegal, Ireland, in 1790, and settled near New Alexandria, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. -
An Engagement of Some Severity 2009
An Engagement of Some Severity The Battle of Dam Number 1, Newport News, VA “Intelligence reached this city at an early hour yesterday morning that an engagement of some severity had taken place on the peninsula, on Wednesday afternoon, in which 10,000 men were engaged, 5000 on each side.”1 So began a contemporary newspaper account of the first major engagement of the Peninsula Campaign near Lee’s Mill, VA, on April 16, 1862. Compared to the later battles of the war, it was small in scope. However, it was the only major battle that took place during the Siege of Yorktown, from April 5 to May 4, 1862, and it proved to be an important indicator of things to come for the Union forces under Major General George B. McClellan. McClellan’s plan for the Peninsula Campaign called for the Army of the Potomac to deploy to Fortress Monroe in Hampton, VA, and then move up the Virginia Peninsula to Richmond. On April 3, 1862 McClellan ordered two divisions of the III Corps to move up the eastern side of the peninsula on the Yorktown Road and two divisions of the IV Corps to move up the west side of the peninsula on the Newport News Road.2 McClellan’s plan was sound. The vast majority of the Confederate forces in Virginia were deployed in the northern part of the state and the Shenandoah Valley, leaving only a small force on peninsula. The commander of those forces, Major General John Bankhead Magruder stated in his report on the campaign he had only 11,000 troops when McClellan’s forces advanced from Fortress Monroe. -
Andrew Johnson, the Freedmen's Bureau, and the Problem of Equal Rights, 1865-1866 Author(S): Donald G
Southern Historical Association Andrew Johnson, the Freedmen's Bureau, and the Problem of Equal Rights, 1865-1866 Author(s): Donald G. Nieman Reviewed work(s): Source: The Journal of Southern History, Vol. 44, No. 3 (Aug., 1978), pp. 399-420 Published by: Southern Historical Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2208049 . Accessed: 01/11/2012 12:11 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Southern Historical Association is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Southern History. http://www.jstor.org Andrew Johnson, the Freedmen's Bureau, and the Problem of Equal Rights, 1865-1866 By DONALD G. NIEMAN DURING THE SUMMER AND FALL OF 1865, AS THE NEWLY CREATED Freedmen's Bureau commenced its operations, one of the chief concerns of its officials was providing freedmen with legal pro- tection. Antebellum southern state law had discriminated harshly against free blacks, and in the Civil War's aftermath functionaries of the provisional governments created in the rebel states by Presi- dents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson stood ready to apply this law to the freedmen. State officials' willingness to enforce discriminatory law, however, was not the only reason they posed a threat to blacks. -
Historic Walking Tour
22 At 303 Baltimore St. is the James Pierce family 28 Over a hundred First and Eleventh Corps Union home. After the Civil War, Tillie Pierce Alleman wrote soldiers held much of this block in a pocket of Yankee a riveting account of their experiences, At Gettysburg: resistance on the late afternoon of July 1 as the Or What a Girl Saw and Heard at the Battle. Confederates otherwise took control of the town. Continue north on Baltimore Street to High Street… Historic Walking Tour 29 In 1863, John and Martha Scott and Martha’s sister 23 The cornerstone of the Prince of Peace Episcopal Mary McAllister lived at 43-45 Chambersburg Street. Church was laid on July 2, 1888, for the twenty-fifth John and Martha’s son, Hugh ran a telegraph office here anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg. The church is a and fled just prior to the arrival of the Confederates. battlefield memorial for inside the large tower survivors His mother’s red shawl hung from an upstairs window from both armies placed more than 130 plaques in to designate the building as a hospital. memory of their fallen comrades. Continue north on Baltimore Street to Middle Street… 30 The James Gettys Hotel in 1804 was known as the “Sign of the Buck” tavern and roadhouse. During the 24 Here at the Adams County Courthouse on June Civil War, it was known as the Union Hotel, and served 26, 1863, men of the 26th Pennsylvania Emergency as a hospital. Militia, which included local college and seminary students, were paroled by General Jubal Early after 31 Alexander Buehler’s drug and bookstore was located being captured during the Confederate’s initial advance. -
National Cemeteries Name of Muhlple Property Ustlng Stale
it .-.'.'l-: . ~';"N PS WAS'-O~>~o,,",. ,.:::...::'"".,..,.",,),1..:" ,,,"-,', c;.·'''3i'''ci:;''';·2'-O'-C'=3'7'; 3':':"'''1:-'''8:'::';:':'6''''''''''';' ""~.'"-'-""=c' .'" ..;c, .... "'-. -'-:N~O:::cV'C-·"='2 71 "'.9""4~~15F"'~~'3 BNO>oi6>"P~'02'; 2 F' { f\J(l L. " No, l0U-0018 NPS Form 1().8OO.b :~. "'.~•• ~~' OMB (Reviled March 1992) United Stataa Dapal1menl of tha Interior National Pllrtc Service National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form NA'f'lONAI. REGISTSR Thlt form It uN<! for documentlll9 multlplo property groupo rolo~ng to on. or _eral hll10rle contexlS. ate InllluCllonl In How fa C<>mp/ere the MuIIip/e "'-'Y OocurrlMltaiJon I'omt (National Regll10r Bull8l1n 18S). C<>m~o each hem bY'"nte,ing tho r~uolled Inform.tlon, For .. ~ apace, use continuation _a (Form 1().9O().a), Use. typewriter, word proceoaor. or,wmputar to complota all hom •. -X. Nw 6ubmlttlon _ Amended SubmlSJIon A, . Name of Multiple Property Llatlng Civil War Era National Cemateries B, Auoclated Hlelorlo Contexte (Nome oach uaocl.ted hltlorlo context, Idonllfyjng thoma, geographlc.1 a,ea, and chronol~1 period for each.) Initial Development or Permanent Memorials to Civil War Sol diers Who Died in »efense of the Union - 1861 to 188l nameJtllle Therese T, Sammartino. Sraff Assistant date ___________ organlzatl(ln IJepartment of V~tcrnns Affl1irs street & number 810 Vermont AV(lnue. N, W. telephone (202) 523-3895 state _________ cltyortown W,~shitlglon. J).C. Zip code _~2~04"_'2'_"O'--___ D. CertIfication loA Iht dMlgnated SUlhodl)' Undet the Notional HlltoriO P.... /Vltlon Act of 1811e, at IrnoIMIId, I hfroby cortlfy that thll dOCumentatton form __ ~.. -
OLIVER OTIS HOWARD COLLECTION (Howard University) Collection 53-1 to 53-14
OLIVER OTIS HOWARD COLLECTION (Howard University) Collection 53-1 to 53-14 Prerepared by: Denise G. Harbin June 1980 Revised by: Greta S. Wilson January 1981 SCOPE NOTE The Oliver Otis Howard Collection was given to Howard University by his various descendants in installments from 1942-1961. The collection measures approximately six linear feet inclusive of individually framed and wrapped items. The collection contains letters from Oliver 0. Howard to his mother, written while he was a cadet at West Point between the years 1850-1854, and as late as 1857; as well as correspondence with other members of his family and friends up to 1906. There are articles, speeches, manuscripts, diaries, memorabilia, programs, testimonials, poetry, lyrics, photographs artifacts, newspapers and newspaper clippings. The newspaper clippings document many of General Howard's military feats, and provide substantial biographic information. There is also other information an General Howard's battles with the Indians, specifically with Chief Joseph, leader of the Nez Perce Indians of Idaho. SERIES DESCRIPTION Series A Correspondence Box 53-1 Correspondence between General Howard and his family, friends and military associates, although the largest volume of letters is between Howard and his mother, while he was a cadet at West Point between the years 1850-1854. Other general correspondence spans the years 1853-1905. Series B Personal Papers Box 53-2 Includes biographical data on General Howard end his family, memorials, commission, and autographs. Series C Manuscripts Box 53-2 Examinations, lectures, speeches, articles and a list of books written by General Oliver O. Howard. (See also Item 53-8) Series D Articles and Statements by and About Oliver O. -
Oliver Otis Howard and Lincoln Memorial University
1 Oliver Otis Howard and Lincoln Memorial University Oliver Otis Howard was born on Nov. 8, 1830, at Leeds, Maine. He attended Bowdoin College from 1846 to 1850, where he developed the basic tenets of his character, becoming a very pious student who conspicuously refrained from drinking, swearing, and smoking. Immediately after graduating from Bowdoin, Howard entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, and graduated fourth in his class in 1854. Soon after, he married his childhood sweetheart, Elizabeth Ann Wait, and taught mathematics at West Point for several years. Howard considered studying for the Episcopalian ministry, but eventually decided to make the army his career. He threw himself into the Union war effort after the firing on Fort Sumter, obtaining a commission as colonel of the 3rd Maine and leading a brigade at the battle of First Bull Run on July 21, 1861. Howard was promoted to brigadier general in the fall of 1861 and was wounded at the battle of Fair Oaks on June 1, 1862. Two bullets slammed into his right arm, forcing surgeons to amputate it. Howard informed Lizzie the day after in a letter that “I am on my way with only my left arm.” He maintained his sense of humor, joking with Maj. Gen. Philip Kearney, who had lost his left arm in the Mexican War, that they would need to buy only one pair of gloves between the two of them from now on. 2 Howard recuperated for three months, the only time during the war that he was off duty, and returned to the Army of the Potomac by September, 1862. -
“OPEN WARFARE” DOCTRINE in the LIGHT of AMERICAN MILITARY HISTORY by Gene Fax
National Archives ••• PERSHING’S “OPEN WARFARE” DOCTRINE IN THE LIGHT OF AMERICAN MILITARY HISTORY By Gene Fax n May 1917, John J. Pershing became the frst American general driving the enemy out into the open and engaging him in a war of Isince the Civil War to lead a feld army of more than a few movement.”2 Americans, he believed, were inherently superior to thousand men. For most of the intervening time, the U.S. Army the soldiers of other nations in their initiative and their aptitude had had three main missions: protecting the coasts, quelling labor for marksmanship.3 In his statement of training principles he unrest, and chasing—but rarely fighting—Indians.1 Pershing declared, “Te rife and the bayonet are the principal weapons of himself operated against Indians in the west, the Spanish in Cuba, the infantry soldier. He will be trained to a high degree of skill Moros in the Philippines, and Pancho Villa in Mexico. None of as a marksman both on the target range and in feld fring. An these prepared him or the Army for the all-consuming war then aggressive spirit must be developed until the soldier feels himself, going on in France. Pershing and the Army were largely unfamiliar as a bayonet fghter, invincible in battle.”4 with modern weapons, tactics, and logistics. Pershing himself had observed the Russo-Japanese War, the frst Yet Pershing knew how he wanted his new Army to fght. Te major confict to use modern weapons. In his reports he described trench-bound stalemate of the Western Front was not for him. -
1 Styple, William B., Ed. Generals in Bronze: Interviewing the Commanders of the Civil War. Kearny, N.J.: Belle Grove Publis
Styple, William B., ed. Generals in Bronze: Interviewing the Commanders of the Civil War. Kearny, N.J.: Belle Grove Publishing, 2005. Interview of Generals by sculptor, James Kelly Boyhood memories of the war, viiff New York, alcohol, viii=ix Lincoln’s reelection, ix-xi Fall of Richmond, Lincoln assassination, xi-xii Postwar life, xiiff Sheridan’s ride, xx Philip H. Sheridan, described, 1 Sword, Cedar Creek, 2-3 George A. Forsyth, Lee and Appomattox, 3-5 Grant, Sherman, 11 Sheridan at Cedar Creek, 11 Biographical background on Sheridan, 12ff Sherman, 18 Grant and Sherman, 22 Ely Samuel Parker, Overland campaign, Wilderness, Grant, Hancock, 23-25 Ely Samuel Parker, Appomattox, 25-27 Grant described, 30 Grant, James Harrison Wilson, swearing, 30 Shiloh, Grant, Sherman, 31 Grant, Lee, Appomattox, 31 Grant’s death and funeral, 35-37 John A. Logan described, Sherman, 38 Hooker described, 40 Peninsula campaign, Williamsburg, 40 Sickles, Meade, 41 Hooker on McClellan, 41 Stanton, 41 Hooker, Chancellorsville, 42-43 Rosecrans, alcohol, 43 Abner Doubleday, Fort Sumter, 45-47 John Gibbon, 47 McClellan, 47 Judson Kilpatrick, Hooker, 48-50, Jefferson C. Davis, Pea Ridge, 51, 55-56 Jefferson C. Davis, Sheridan, Cedar Creek, George Crook, Grant, 52 Winfield Scott Hancock, Gettysburg, 58-60 Sherman, 60 Jesse Reno, 60-61 Meade, Hancock, Warren, Gettysburg, Butterfield, Baldy Smith, 64-70 Daniel Butterfield, Gettysburg council of war, John Newton, Doubleday, Birney, Gibbon, Sickles, 71-80 Henry Slocum, Council of war at Gettysburg, 80-82 1 General Martin -
Gettysburg Essay
Essential Civil War Curriculum | Garry E. Adelman Gettysburg | March 2017 The Battle of Gettysburg By Garry E. Adelman with James Taub, Civil War Trust fter his May 1863 victory at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Confederate General Robert E. Lee ordered his Army of Northern Virginia into the Blue Ridge A Mountains where his northward movement was screened by the terrain. Using what intelligence he could assemble, Union Major General Joseph Hooker, succeeded on June 28 by Major General George Gordon Meade, aimed to keep the main body of his Army of the Potomac between General Lee and the U.S. Capital at Washington. In late June, Confederate forces were spread out on a 90-mile front across south central Pennsylvania, with Union forces edging ever closer to the Southerners. Lacking most of his cavalry, which was engaged in a raid around the Federal army, General Lee was unaware of the approaching Federal forces until the end of June, whereupon he ordered his three corps to converge near Gettysburg. At that same time, the most advance Union element—Brigadier General John Buford’s cavalry division—arrived in Gettysburg on June 30, 1863. Buford saw the importance of controlling the network of ten Essential Civil War Curriculum | Copyright 2017 Virginia Center for Civil War Studies at Virginia Tech Page 1 of 9 Essential Civil War Curriculum | Garry E. Adelman Gettysburg | March 2017 roads that converged at the town square and deployed his brigades to the west and north of town. The stage was set for the bloodiest and most famous of all North American battles. -
RICHMOND Battlefields UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT of the INTERIOR Stewart L
RICHMOND Battlefields UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Stewart L. Udall, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Conrad L. Wirth, Director HISTORICAL HANDBOOK NUMBER THIRTY-THREE This publication is one of a series of handbooks describing the historical and archeological areas in the National Park System administered by the National Park Service of the United States Department of the Interior. It is printed by the Government Printing Office and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents. RICHMOND National Battlefield Park Virginia by Joseph P. Cullen NATIONAL PARK SERVICE HISTORICAL HANDBOOK SERIES NO. 33 Washington, D.C., 1961 The National Park System, of which Richmond National Battlefield Park is a unit, is dedicated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and historic heritage of the United States for the benefit and inspiration of its people. Contents Page Richmond 1 The Army of the Potomac 2 PART ONE THE PENINSULA CAMPAIGN, SUMMER 1862 On to Richmond 3 Up the Peninsula 4 Drewry's Bluff 5 Seven Pines (Fair Oaks) 6 Lee Takes Command 9 The Seven Days Begins 12 Beaver Dam Creek (Ellerson's Mill) 13 Gaines' Mill 16 Savage Station 18 Glendale (Frayser's Farm) 21 Malvern Hill 22 End of Campaign 24 The Years Between 27 PART TWO THE FINAL STRUGGLE FOR RICHMOND, 1864-65 Lincoln's New Commander 28 Cold Harbor 29 Fort Harrison 37 Richmond Falls 40 The Park 46 Administration 46 Richmond, 1858. From a contemporary sketch. HE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR was unique in many respects. One Tof the great turning points in American history, it was a national tragedy op international significance. -
Volume 27 , Number 2
THE HUDSON RIVER VALLEY REVIEW A Journal of Regional Studies The Hudson River Valley Institute at Marist College is supported by a major grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Publisher Thomas S. Wermuth, Vice President for Academic Affairs, Marist College Editors Christopher Pryslopski, Program Director, Hudson River Valley Institute, Marist College Reed Sparling, Writer, Scenic Hudson Mark James Morreale, Guest Editor Editorial Board The Hudson River Valley Review Myra Young Armstead, Professor of History, (ISSN 1546-3486) is published twice Bard College a year by the Hudson River Valley Institute at Marist College. COL Lance Betros, Professor and Head, Department of History, U.S. Military James M. Johnson, Executive Director Academy at West Point Research Assistants Kim Bridgford, Professor of English, Gabrielle Albino West Chester University Poetry Center Gail Goldsmith and Conference Amy Jacaruso Michael Groth, Professor of History, Wells College Brian Rees Susan Ingalls Lewis, Associate Professor of History, State University of New York at New Paltz Hudson River Valley Institute Advisory Board Sarah Olson, Superintendent, Roosevelt- Peter Bienstock, Chair Vanderbilt National Historic Sites Margaret R. Brinckerhoff Roger Panetta, Professor of History, Dr. Frank Bumpus Fordham University Frank J. Doherty H. Daniel Peck, Professor of English, BG (Ret) Patrick J. Garvey Vassar College Shirley M. Handel Robyn L. Rosen, Associate Professor of History, Marjorie Hart Marist College Maureen Kangas Barnabas McHenry David Schuyler,