The Spa Conservation Area (Conservation Area No

Gloucester City Council

The Spa Conservation Area (Conservation Area No. 1)

Appraisal & Management Proposals Contents

Part 1 Character Appraisal

1 Summary 1.1 Key characteristics 1 1.2 Key Issues 2

2 Introduction 2.1 The definition and purpose of conservation 3 areas 2.2 The purpose and status of this appraisal 3 2.3 The planning policy context 3 2.4 Other initiatives 4

3 Location and landscape setting 3.1 Location and activities 4 3.2 Topography and geology 4 3.3 Relationship of the conservation area to its 4 surroundings

4 Historic development and archaeology 4.1 Historic development 5

5 Spatial analysis 5.1 Plan form and layout 5, 6 5.2 Landmarks, focal points and views 6 5.3 Open spaces, trees and landscape 7 5.4 Public realm 7

6 The buildings of the conservation area 6.1 Building types 8 6.2 Listed buildings 9 6.3 Key unlisted buildings 9 6.4 Building materials and local details 9

7 The character of the conservation area 7.1 Character areas 10 7.2 Character area 1:Spa Road, Brunswick 10 Square and Montpellier; 7.3 Character area 2:Park Road, Brunswick 11 Road (part) and Parliament Street; 7.4 Character area 3:The Park and Weston Road 12 Part 2 Management Proposals

8 Introduction 8.1 Format of the Management Proposals 13

9 Issues and recommendations 9.1 Loss of original architectural details and building 13 materials 9.2 Poor quality of new developments, building alterations 13 and extensions 9.3 Lack of routine building maintenance and repair 14 9.4 Uncoordinated and poor quality floorscape 14 9.5 Unsightly satellite dishes 14 9.6 Protection and replacement of street trees 14 9.7 Sub-division of properties into flats 14 9.8 Loss of front gardens to car parking and other hard 14 landscaping 9.9 Improvements to Gloucester Park 15 9.10 Negative sites and buildings 15

10 Monitoring and review 15

Appendix 1 Sustainability Report 17-21 Appendix 2 The Historical Development of Gloucester 22-27 Appendix 3 Scheduled Monuments 28 Appendix 4 Listed Buildings 29 Appendix 5 Bibliography 30

Maps Conservation Area 1 - Character Areas Conservation Area 1 - Management Proposals Conservation Area 1 - Townscape Appraisal Part 1 Character Appraisal

1 Summary

1.1 Key characteristics

This Character Appraisal of The Spa Conservation Area concludes that the special interest of the area derives from the following key characteristics: N Mix of residential and office uses; N Large recreational areas at The Park; N Rectilinear street pattern of the early 19th century development adjacent to the former Gloucester Spa Pump Room and Baths (now demolished); N Brunswick Square, a planned composition of terraced houses around a central garden c.1825; N Inner Relief Road (Trier Way) follows the course of the Midland Railway branch line to the Docks; N Park Road, laid out in 1822 on the course of the Gloucester & Cheltenham Tramroad part of which remains to the rear (north) of Brunswick Square; N Large detached, semi-detached and terraced former Broad footway on the south side of Spa Road. houses with a coherent early 19th century architectural appearance in the Regency style; N Beaufort Buildings, a long three-storey stuccoed N Stone-faced and stucco semi-detached houses in terrace of 1818; Park Road mostly of the 1860s-1870s built to face N Well maintained, colourful central garden of The Park; Brunswick Square; N Mid/late 19th century houses in Western Road, N The prevalent use of red brick, stone and stucco; formerly facing the branch line railway; N Trees of townscape significance especially in N Victorian houses in Weston Rd (c.1880); Brunswick Square, Spa Road, beside Christ Church N High proportion of listed buildings; and Gloucester Park; N N Christ Church, Brunswick Road, by Thomas The Park, opened 1862, laid out by E.Milner on land Rickman and Henry Hutchinson, 1822, Whitefield formerly part of the spa grounds; Memorial Presbyterian Church, Park Road, by N Bowling greens, cricket ground, tennis courts, skate Medland & Son, 1871; park and grassed public open space; N Judges’ Lodgings (no. 29 and 31) by Sir Robert N Features in The Park e.g. statue of Queen Anne, Smirke, architect of The British Museum; City War Memorial, bandstand, circular fountain, N Former Spa Hotel (no. 13 and 15 Spa Road); mock tudor cottage and monument to Robert Raikes; N Continuing connection between Spa Road and The Park reflecting the earlier connection between spa hotel, houses and The Spa Grounds; N Views across The Park and views from The Park of the Cathedral tower; N Modern developments; N Tree-lined Sud Brook; N Historic railings and other decorative ironwork.

View northwards across cricket pitch to Park House.

The Spa page 1 1.2 Key Issues Based on the negative features identified in Chapter 7 - The character of the conservation area, a number of problems have been identified and are listed below. These form the basis for the Management Proposals in the second part of this document. 1 Loss of original architectural details and building materials Many of the unlisted, and some of the listed, buildings in the conservation area have been adversely affected by the replacement of original timber sash windows or doors with uPVC or aluminium, the replacement of natural roof slates with concrete tiles or the painting of originally exposed brickwork. In many cases, the removal of architectural features such as boundary Short avenue of trees looking north along Brunswick Road. walls or railings, porches and chimneys has spoiled the external appearance of a building and the local streetscape. 2 Poor quality of new developments, building 7 Sub-division of properties into flats alterations and extensions Sub-division of properties into flats or let for multiple Some modern developments are out of character with occupancy can tend to erode external character the conservation area by reason of their inappropriate through e.g. prominent intrusive fire escapes, poorly design, scale or materials. maintained gardens or gardens destroyed in order to ease maintenance. 3 Lack of routine building maintenance and repair Buildings in the conservation area are generally in 8 Loss of front gardens to car parking and other good condition but there are instances of the neglect of hard landscaping routine maintenance and repair. The increasing demand for off street parking has generated pressure for car parking in garden areas to 4 Uncoordinated and poor quality floorscape both the front and rear of commercial and residential Paving and surface materials throughout the area are properties. Loss of greenery and front boundary generally modern, uncoordinated and poor quality. In railings or wall can spoil the setting of the building and almost all cases they fail to enhance or re-inforce the cumulatively erode the character of the streetscene. historic identity of the conservation area. In particular, the design and materials of the surface of the 9 Improvements to Gloucester Park pavements around Brunswick Square spoils the Following lack of investment for many years, the setting of the listed buildings and fails to enhance the facilities and the natural environment of The Park were conservation area. in need of enhancement. The Park was awarded £1.2 million "Liveability" funding by the government in 2004 5 Unsightly satellite dishes to update facilities for the needs of 21st century users. Satellite dishes are a feature of modern living. Some of the Park’s remaining negative features that Unfortunately, when located on the front of a historic are noted in this document will be enhanced as part of building, a satellite dish can spoil the appearance of the ongoing programme of improvements. the building and the streetscene. They have a particularly noticeable adverse effect when a black dish 10 Negative sites and buildings is sited on a white background, especially stucco. In This appraisal has identified ‘negative’ buildings i.e. certain circumstances, satellites dishes may have been buildings which clearly detract from the character or installed without the need for planning permission. appearance of the conservation area and could suitably 6 Protection and replacement of street trees be replaced. In addition, there are a number of vacant sites where some form of built development or Trees make an important contribution to the softening landscaping has the potential to improve the town- of the urban townscape and enhancing the setting of scape. historic buildings. The following sites and/or buildings, marked on the accompanying Townscape Appraisal map, clearly detract from the character or appearance of the conservation area: N The former SAAB garage and adjacent space; N Nos 5 and 7 Park Road and the car park area to the west; N Health Centre site in Montpellier; N Rear of Christ Church including single storey building;

The Spa page 2 2 Introduction This document therefore seeks to: N 2.1 The Spa Conservation Area define the special interest of the conservation area and identify the issues which threaten the special The Spa Conservation Area is characterised by early qualities of the conservation area (in the form of 19th century buildings associated with the creation of Part 1: Character Appraisal); Gloucester Spa in 1815. The conservation area N provide guidelines to prevent harm and achieve contains a high proportion of listed buildings. enhancement (in the form of the Part 2: Management Proposals).

2.3 The planning policy context This appraisal provides a firm basis on which applications for development within the City can be assessed. It should be read in conjunction with the wider development plan policy framework produced by Gloucester City Council. That framework is set out in a number of documents, including: N Gloucester Local Plan Second Stage Deposit August 2002 G Policies BE.22, BE.23, BE.24 and BE.25 (Listed Buildings) G Policies BE.29, BE.30 and BE.30a,(Conservation Areas) N Gloucester’s emerging Local Development Nos. 31 and 33 Spa Road. Framework Development Plan Documents: G Core Strategy 2.2 The purpose of a conservation area character G Development Control Policies appraisal G Central Action Area Plan The Spa Conservation Area comprises what was G Allocations and Designations formerly known as ‘Conservation Area 7 – The Spa’ N (designated on 6 March 1968, extended on 22 Planning Policy Guidance 15: Planning and the Historic Environment, HMSO February 1984) together with Brunswick Square and N its immediate environs that was formerly within Planning Policy Guidance 16: Archaeology, HMSO ‘Conservation Area 6 – Brunswick Square’, (designated N Gloucester City Council Urban Design Strategy for on 6th March 1968, extended on 22 February 1984). It Central Gloucester, 2001 is proposed to extend the conservation area N Gloucester Heritage URC: Area Regeneration southwards with the inclusion of Weston Road. Framework (2006) Conservation areas are designated under the N Shopfronts – Design Guidelines for Gloucester provisions of Section 69 of the Planning (Listed N Gloucester City Council – emerging Lighting Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. A Strategy conservation area is defined as ‘an area of special N A Tree Strategy for Gloucester (2001). architectural or historic interest the character or N ‘Public Realm Strategy for Gloucester Docks’ (Nov appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or 2004) enhance’. In particular this document will assist the Council with Section 71 of the same Act requires local planning implementing its Core Policy 8: Protection and authorities to formulate and publish proposals for the Enhancement of the Built and Natural Environment, preservation and enhancement of these conservation and Development Control Policy No. BNE5: areas. Section 72 also specifies that, in making a Conservation Areas. decision on an application for development within a conservation area, special attention must be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of that area. In response to these statutory requirements, this appraisal document defines and records the special architectural and historic interest of the conservation area and identifies opportunities for enhancement. The appraisal conforms to English Heritage guidance as set out in Guidance on Conservation Area Appraisals (August 2005) and Guidance on the Management of Conservation Areas (August 2005). Additional government guidance regarding the management of historic buildings and conservation areas is set out within Planning Policy Guidance Note 15: Planning and the Historic Environment (PPG15). Government advice on archaeology, which is relevant to the Spa Beaufort Buildings, set back from Spa Road behind a row of trees. Conservation Area, is set out in Planning Policy Guidance Note 16: Archaeology (PPG16).

The Spa page 3 2.4 Other initiatives In 1999, the Government established eight Regional Development Agencies to co-ordinate regional economic development and regeneration, and in 2003 it established the South West Regional Development Agency (SWERDA). Working with the City and County Councils, SWERDA established the Gloucester Heritage Urban Regeneration Company (URC) and subsequently submitted a successful bid to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) for the designation of Gloucester city centre, along with two outlying areas, for URC status. The URC’s main task is the production and implementation of an Area Regeneration Framework, which sets out a strategy for the URC area. In 2003 the URC commissioned a scoping report from Nos. 49-51 Brunswick Road. Alan Baxter Associates, according to a brief agreed with English Heritage. This Rapid Characterisation Study considered the historical development of the area and provided a basis for future work. The URC adopted its Area Regeneration Framework in July 2006. Consultants Terence O’Rourke Associates produced site-specific proposals for seven key sites which provide detailed urban design advice for sites that will be a priority for implementation by the URC. This Character Appraisal and Management Proposals document forms part of these initiatives, although they have been funded by the City Council and drawn up by independent consultants.

3 Location and Landscape Setting 3.1 Location and activities The Spa Conservation Area lies south of Gloucester’s The western side of Brunswick Square looking towards no. 11. town centre just beyond the extent of the medieval walled city. behind. To the north-east, with a contiguous boundary, lies the Eastgate and St Michael’s Square Conservation Activity within the conservation area falls into two Area which contains an area of late 19th century distinct categories, the recreational area of The Park houses and Eastgate Street, a planned medieval and the mixed residential/office uses of the streets extra-mural suburb along a route emanating from the between the city centre and The Park. The Park is city’s east gate, now one of Gloucester’s secondary a public open space which includes a children’s shopping streets. To the west, also with a contiguous playground, bandstand and war memorial. Adjacent to boundary, lies the Southgate Street Conservation Area The Park is a cricket ground and three bowling greens. in which Southgate Street, similar to Eastgate Street, is The built-up part of the conservation area was primarily a secondary shopping street on the course of an early residential but during the 20th century many of the route leading from the city’s south gate. A short distance arger houses have been converted to office use and further west lies Gloucester Docks whose expansion in a substantial number of the dwellings have been the mid 19th century may have jeopardised the fortunes converted into residential apartments or houses in of the prestigious development of Gloucester Spa. multiple occupation. Modern purpose-built office buildings have been erected in vacant sites and as The conservation area lies between Gloucester’s Inner replacements for earlier development. Relief Road (A430), which here follows the course of the old Gloucester Docks Railway branch line, and the 3.2 Topography and geology main southern approach road to the city (A4301). Central Gloucester is located on a spur of higher ground just above the floodplain of the River Severn. The city lies on lower lias clay and gravels in the flat Vale of Gloucester, which is itself part of the larger Vale of the Severn. The land within the conservation area is level. 3.3 Relationship of the conservation area to its surroundings The Spa Conservation Area lies in the inner suburbs of Gloucester and is surrounded by mainly 19th century and later urban development. The curve of Parliament Street in the northern part of the conservation area reflects the curvature of the Roman fortifications

Typical Regency style architecture at nos. 12-16 Brunswick Square. The Spa page 4 4 Historic Development and Archaeology known as The Park, it remains today. Under the corporation the spa was little patronised and the Spa 4.1 Historic development Hotel became a school in 1867. The pump room baths, which were connected to the city’s water mains, Recent archaeological excavations on the north side of fell into disrepair and were removed in 1894, and the Brunswick Square have unearthed a Roman graveyard medicinal springs were closed, following contamination, which would likely have extended under Brunswick in 1926. The pump room was demolished in 1960. Square but until the start of the 19th century this area, south of the city and east of its main southern approach, was open ground part of which was known 5 Spatial Analysis as Gaudy Green and, to the east, Rigney Stile grounds. The open space, just outside the city walls, was used 5.1 Plan form and layout for archery practice by the local bowmen until the 17th century. It was hereabouts that, in the Civil War, the Development of street pattern Royalists dug in to besiege the city. Before the development of the spa the principal roads At the start of the 19th century, the revival of the in the immediate locality were the road leading from the scheme for the Gloucester and Berkeley Canal, city’s south gate to Bristol (today’s Southgate Street), which had been dormant for several years, began the the road leading from the city’s east gate (today’s transformation of the dock area into Gloucester’s main Eastgate Street ) and a lane closely following the industrial quarter and thereby initiated a period of course of the city walls from the East Gate to the South economic expansion in Gloucester. Gate, roughly following the northern end of today’s Brunswick Road (originally called Parker’s Row) and At about the same time as the growth of Gloucester turning sharply westwards along today’s Parliament Docks, the exploitation of medicinal springs on Rigney Street (originally known as Green Dragon Lane). Stile grounds resulted in the development of land just east of the road to Bristol (today’s Southgate Street). In 1811 an early type of railway for horse-drawn The owner of the land on which the springs were found wagons was opened between Gloucester and in 1814, Sir James Jelf, sank wells, built a pump room Cheltenham. Within the conservation area, it followed with hot and cold baths, and laid out walks and rides. the route of today’s Albion Street, Old Tram Road and The spa was opened to subscribers in 1815. Shortly Park Road and part of its circuitous route can be seen afterwards Jelf was made bankrupt, but the potential to the west of Brunswick Square. The tramroad carried importance of the spa to the city was already evident coal from the main basin in the docks to Cheltenham and a group of shareholders raised £6,500 to buy it. but was eventually superseded by a branch line railway They added to the amenities, sold off the adjoining land from Gloucester railway station to the docks. for building, and in 1818 built a hotel and developed Beaufort Buildings at the east end of Spa Road (then In 1815, after the opening of the spa and its subsequent known as Great Norfolk Street). purchase by a group of investors, a small rectangular grid pattern of streets was laid out to provide access to the pump room and serve the substantial villas that were planned for such a prestigious location. Prominent among the developers were the builder William Hicks, the attorney John Chadborn, and the barrister and later M.P. John Phillpotts. Great Norfolk Street (today’s Spa Road) was constructed to provide an impressive gated entrance-way from the road to Bristol. Access from the East Gate was created by extending Parker’s Row over the tramroad into a wide avenue called Gloucester Place that aligned directly with the pump room. The whole length of this road, from Eastgate to the site of Pump Room, is now known as Brunswick Road.

View across Brunswick Square.

The spa was at its most popular in the 1820s but unfortunately Gloucester’s spa was increasingly overshadowed by the growth of the fashionable health resort of Cheltenham and, ironically, the success of the nearby docks and their associated industries cast a shadow over the spa because potential visitors were deterred by its proximity to these decidedly ungenteel areas. The spa’s attractions, already in decline, were noticeably diminished by the construction of a railway along the south side of the spa grounds in 1848 (i.e. the course of today’s Trier Way). In 1861 the spa’s proprietors conveyed the spa to the Christ Church, on the corner of Montpellier and Brunswick Road. city corporation for inclusion in a public park and it became Gloucester’s principal recreation area which,

The Spa page 5 No. 27 Spa Road. Park House. The larger houses were serviced by back roads such as little Norfolk Street and Albion Street as the spa 5.2 Landmarks, focal points and views regulations stipulated that goods brought by wagons had to be delivered through the rear garden. The conservation area is located on level ground and there are no elevated views or vistas. The area’s On the south side of the entrance to Gloucester Place primary landmark buildings, i.e. those which stand out a long terrace called Beaufort Buildings was built in in the streetscene, are the two places of worship 1818 and c.1820 three pairs of small villas, called Spa Villas, and Bellevue House were built at the eastern (Christ Church, Brunswick Road and the Whitefield edge of the spa company’s land along the street known Presbyterian Church, Park Road) but even these as Montpellier. appear modest in comparison to the large houses in Spa Road. Unfortunately, despite the generally historic The spa also stimulated building on land adjoining the character and appearance of the conservation area, plots sold off by the spa company. On the close called one cannot avoid the overbearing presence of the Gaudy Green a square, later named Brunswick Square Ecclesiastical Insurance buildings in Brunswick Street was developed from 1822 by Thomas Reece, an and Montpellier. ironmonger. Nineteen houses in terraces had been built around it by 1825 when the owners agreed to Spa Road, Montpellier and Brunswick Square were preserve the central area as a garden. Near the planned on a rectilinear grid in which Park House, Spa north-east of the spa company’s development a short Road and North Villas, Montpellier have been sited on terrace called Rignum Place was begun beside the the axis of their approach roads. Brunswick Road was tramroad in 1821 and the following year the city laid out to align directly with the spa pump room but the corporation built a new road (later called Park Road) building was demolished in 1960. alongside the tramroad to connect the spa to Barton Street. Spa Road, being wide and developed only on its north The closure of the Gloucester-Cheltenham tramroad side permits good views of the fine Regency houses in 1861 released land for building. The site of the from the south side of the street and parts of The Park. tramway depot at the corner of Brunswick Road and Similarly, the grassed open space at the centre of Park Road was used for commercial development, now Brunswick Square enables good views of the enclosing no. 37 Brunswick Street and adjacent properties. early 19th century buildings within a setting of trees Building around the new spa was encouraged by its position and cultivated greenery. From here there is also a in the extraparochial and low-rated South Hamlet. South good view of Christ Church’s unusual brick and Hamlet contained only seven inhabited houses in 1811; by terracotta west façade. 1821 the number had increased to 80, and by 1831 to 160. The tower of Gloucester Cathedral can be seen from certain positions within The Park.

Nos. 19 and 21 Spa Road.

The Spa page 6 5.3 Open spaces, trees and landscape Two other spaces significantly enhance the conservation area: the well-kept rectangular lawn, fringed with trees The Park and adjacent sports’ grounds occupy about and a herbaceous border at the centre of Brunswick half of the land area of The Spa Conservation Area and Square and the wide verges at the east end of Spa the well treed open space is an important element in Road, partly formed by the deep set-back of Beaufort the character and appearance of Spa Road, Montpellier buildings. In contrast, the grassed area to the rear of and Park Road (east). To the south a row of trees, Christ Church is characterless and bare. when in leaf, shields The Park from Weston Road (and vice versa). Trees are a prominent feature within and bordering The Park and Baker’s Field but elsewhere in this suburban Historically, and continuing today, The Park is an conservation area trees are not common except in integral part of the Spa Road/ Montpellier area. An Brunswick Square, Spa Road and along the southern 1843 map of Gloucester shows that the area now end of Brunswick Road. Trees in front of Beaufort occupied by cricket ground and bowling greens was Buildings, matched by trees on the other side of Spa known as ‘The Spa Grounds’ in which recreational Road retain the feel of an avenue. Significant trees or walks and rides were laid out to the south of the pump tree groups are marked on the Townscape Appraisal room and along the course of Sud Brook. Although map. Lack of a specific reference does not imply that a Sud Brook is now culverted beside Trier Way, the two tree or group is not of value. ‘wavy’ footpaths east and west of the bowling greens are a remnant of the 19th century serpentine walks. 5.4 Public realm The floorscape and other items in the public realm of the conservation area are modern and unremarkable. There is an isolated short length of natural stone paving on the pavement leading from Brunswick Square to Albion Street but elsewhere the footways are paved with concrete paviours, concrete paving slabs or tarmac. Footways around Brunswick Square are paved with a combination of paviours (close to the kerb) and slabs (close to the building line) which are visually distracting and a poor setting for the adjacent listed buildings.

Mature and newly planted trees in The Park.

Weston Road (south side).

The Park is a public open recreational area in which large open spaces, grassed but devoid of other greenery, are bounded by rows of trees and crossed by tree-lined footpaths. To the west are managed sports grounds overlooked by a small clubhouse. The area is the largest open space in the inner core of the city. Baker’s Field, a triangle of land in the south-east corner of the conservation area, contains tennis courts and a skate park.

The Spa page 7 6 The Buildings of the Conservation Area Nos 13-15 Spa Road, the former Spa Hotel, was built by the Gloucester Spa Company as a “commodious 6.1 Building types and extensive boarding house” for visitors to the spa. Historically, this area was a suburban residential area, Elizabeth Barrett Browning was once a guest. The initially developed to take advantage of Gloucester Spa. short-lived popularity of the spa meant that in 1860 it The most prevalent building type is the house became a college for young ladies called Ribston Hall. – detached, semi-detached and terraced. The (ii) Religious conservation area also contains two churches, a former hotel and some modern office buildings. Christ Church, Brunswick Road is a proprietary church built for the residents of The Spa by Rickman (i) Residential & Hutchinson, 1822-23, stuccoed brick in a plain Spa Road contains good examples of large prestigious Neoclassical style. The church was enlarged and early/mid 19th century houses, for example: Maitland remodelled in 1899-1900 by Prothero & Phillott who House (No. 17 Spa Road) c.1820 by Thomas Rickman are responsible for the extraordinary Romanesque west was built for Alexander Maitland, a former London front in brick with vermilion terracotta dressings. merchant; Sherborne House (Nos. 23, 25 and 27 Spa Whitefield Presbyterian Church, Park Road was built in Road) was built c.1825 for the attorney John Chadborn, 1870-2 by Medland & Sons in white Shropshire brick The Judge’s Lodging (Nos. 29-31 Spa Road) was with red brick bands. originally known as Somerset House, “a spacious and elegant mansion” built in 1824 for the barrister Sir John Phillpots by Sir Robert Smirke (converted to lodgings for Assize Court judges in 1864). No. 19 and 21 Spa Road is a pair of semi-detached stuccoed brick houses c.1825. North Villas and Spa Villas in Montpellier have a similar symmetrically fronted semi-detached design from the same period. Semi-detached houses from the 1860s and 1870s can be seen on the north side of Park Road From the early days of the spa, Beaufort Buildings was built in 1818 for the Gloucester Spa Company and comprises a terrace of six three storey stuccoed brick houses with basements. No. 7 Beaufort Buildings is a later (c.1835) addition to the terrace. Less grand rows and terraces of mid 19th century development are also common in the conservation area. St James’ Place No. 45 Park Road. (Nos. 4-10 Park Road) is an early example dating from c.1822. It has three storeys and basement. Nos 13-23 Parliament Street has similar proportions but is a two (iii) Office storey terrace well set back from the road. Today, as business and professional uses have moved into the area, many former 19th century houses are now in use as offices and a number of large late 20th century office buildings have been built. In the main, these modern office buildings fail to enhance the historic character and appearance of the area, notably Brunswick House in Brunswick Square (1959-60), Ecclesiastical Insurance in Brunswick Road (1973-4) and Fitzalan House in Park Road (1989).

(iv) Features in The Park The Park contains a stripped classical 1930s bandstand, square with brick piers and flat concrete roof. Just outside The Park is the City War Memorial by N. H. Waller. It was unveiled in 1925 but not completed until 1933. Other features include a copy of Thomas Brock’s bronze statue of Robert Raikes erected 1930 (the 1880 original stands on the Victoria Embankment, Westward view across The Park towards the 1930s bandstand. London); a mock Tudor cottage; a mid 19th century fountain (formerly in the Eastgate Street Market) and a Brunswick Square is a classical set piece comprising statue of Queen Anne carved in 1711-12 by John rows of three storey terraces around a central open Ricketts the Elder (originally sited at the north end of space. Begun in 1822 it was never completed and Southgate Street). The arched Park Road entrance each of the terraces that surround the central lawn is of gateway once stood at the Spa Road entrance to the a different style. The east side of the square is closed spa pump room. by Christ Church and Montpellier Place.

The Spa page 8 6.2 Listed buildings A listed building is one that is included on the government’s Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. These buildings are protected by law and consent is required from Gloucester City Council before any works of alteration, extension or demolition can be carried out. Further information can be found in the City Council’s publication Listed Buildings in Gloucester. The Spa Conservation Area contains 41 listed buildings. Most are grade II but Sherborne House (Nos. 23, 25 and 27 Spa Road) and The Judge’s Lodging (Nos. 29-31 Spa Road) are listed grade II* signifying their outstanding architectural or historic interest (only about 6% of listed buildings are grade I or II*).

6.3 Key unlisted buildings In addition to listed buildings, the conservation area contains a large number of unlisted buildings that make a positive contribution to the character or appearance of the conservation area. These are identified on the townscape appraisal map as ‘positive buildings’. This Decorative archway at Park Road entrance to The Park. follows advice provided in English Heritage guidance on conservation area character appraisals, and within Planning Policy Guidance Note 15 (PPG15), both of which stress the importance of identifying and 6.4 Building materials and local details protecting such buildings. The most notable buildings in The Spa Conservation The criteria used for selection of positive buildings are Area were built c.1810-1840 and are in the ‘Regency’ those set out in Appendix 2 of English Heritage’s style whose two principal characteristics are classical Guidance on Conservation Area Appraisals (2005). designs and motifs from the Greek Revival and the use Where a building has been adversely affected by of stucco and decorative ironwork. Both characteristics modern changes and restoration is either impractical are plentiful in Spa Road, Montpellier and Brunswick or indeed, not possible, they are excluded. Square. Whilst positive buildings are mostly instances of Typically these buildings are three-storey stuccoed mid/late 19th century houses in Park Road, Parliament brick buildings with slate roofs behind a parapet. Most Street and Brunswick Road, Nos 31-33 Spa Road had basements and iron railings bounding a small front (1877) is of special note as it is a well preserved area and iron balustrades at first floor. Though many example of a pair of late Victorian semi-detached brick railings and balustrades have been removed, they town houses, embellished with dormers, coloured brick remain for instance at no. 7 Brunswick Square and chimneys and half-timbered porches - albeit a little nos. 13 and 15 Spa Road. Roofs are commonly out of place amongst the Regency architecture of concealed behind a parapet. Windows would originally Spa Road. have been timber vertical sliding sashes. Nos 51, 53 and 55 Brunswick Road (c.1820, listed grade II) ‘Negative buildings’ are also marked on the Townscape exemplify many Regency features that are found Appraisal map. These are buildings which clearly elsewhere in the conservation area e.g. semi-base- detract from the character or appearance of the ments requiring a flight of steps to the main entrance, a conservation area. rusticated ground floor and subdivision of the façade by ‘Neutral buildings’ (identified as neither positive nor a giant order of shallow pilasters, anthemion capitals negative) are those which neither enhance nor detract supporting a crowning dentil cornice, wrought-iron from the character or appearance of the conservation balustrade to first floor windows and sash windows. area. They may, for instance, be historic buildings that As the 19th century progressed and the spa declined in have been severely altered or less obtrusive post-war popularity, residential developments became less grand infill development. and as stucco fell out of favour red brick frontages replaced the stucco facades that characterise Spa Road and Montpellier and Brunswick Square.

The Spa page 9 7 The Character of the Conservation Smirke, architect of The British Museum; Area N Well maintained central garden of Brunswick 7.1 Character areas Square; N The Spa Conservation Area can be divided into three Trees especially in Brunswick Square, Spa Road, areas of distinctly different character: beside Christ Church and Park edges; N Connection between Spa Road and The Park N Character area 1: Spa Road, Brunswick Square reflecting former connection between houses and and Montpellier; The Spa Grounds; N Character area 2: Park Road, Brunswick Road N Views across The Park; (part) and Parliament Street; N Decorative wrought-iron railings and balconettes; N Character area 3: The Park and Weston Road Negatives: 7.2 Character area 1: Spa Road and Montpellier N Beaufort House (Ecclesiastical Insurance) intrudes This area contains the streets and houses that were upon the 19th century character of Brunswick Road; built in the early 19th century on land sold off by the Gloucester Spa Company following the opening of N Health Centre site between Montpellier and Park Gloucester Spa in 1815. Brunswick Square was an Road degrades the character and appearance of adjoining private development of c.1822. the area because of the poor quality of the buildings; Key characteristics: N Negative buildings and ‘gap site’ in Montpellier N Mix of residential and office uses; (former SAAB garage); N Site of early 19th century development adjacent to N Green space to rear of Christ Church lacks Spa Pump Room and Baths (now demolished); character and is spoiled by single storey building; N Rectilinear street pattern laid out c1815-1825; N Generally poor and uncoordinated modern N Prevalence of Regency style architecture in which floorscape especially noticeable in Spa Road and stucco and decorative ironwork are prominent Brunswick Square where there are high quality characteristics; historic buildings; N N High proportion of listed buildings including two The view southwards along Brunswick Road, grade II* - Sherborne House (nos 23, 25 and 27 designed to focus on the pump room, is now Spa Road) and Judges’ Lodgings (no. 29 and 31 disappointing and lacks a focal point; Spa Road); N Loss of original architectural details (e.g. chimney N Large detached, semi-detached and terraced former stacks and pots, historic ironwork, boundary walls) houses with a coherent early 19th century detracts from the area’s historic interest; architectural appearance; N Many of the historic buildings in the conservation area have been adversely affected through the replacement of traditional historic materials (e.g. timber, brick, stone, slate, tile) with inappropriate modern materials (e.g. uPVC, aluminium, concrete products), particularly windows, doors and roof material; N Loss of front gardens to car parking e.g. Spa Villas, Montpellier; N Loss of original boundary walls and railings; N Boundary treatments that are insensitive to the special historic interest of the conservation area; N Obtrusive large rear extension to no. 6 Spa Road (south side); N Negative buildings including Roebuck House, The former Spa Hotel, Spa Road. Brunswick Road, and Cedar House, Spa Road (see townscape appraisal map); N Beaufort Buildings, a long three-storey stuccoed N terrace of 1818; Unsightly satellite dishes. N Brunswick Square, a planned composition of terraced houses around a central garden; N Christ Church by Thomas Rickman and Henry Hutchinson, 1822;

N The Judges’Spa page 10 Lodgings (no. 29 and 31) by Sir Robert 7.3 Character area 2: Park Road, Brunswick Road N Loss of original architectural details (e.g. chimney (part) and Parliament Street stacks and pots, historic ironwork, boundary walls) detracts from the area’s historic interest; This area comprises Park Road, laid out in 1822 on the N course of the Gloucester-Cheltenham tram road part of Many of the historic buildings in the conservation which remains to the rear (north) of Brunswick Square. area have been adversely affected through the replacement of traditional historic materials (e.g. Parliament Street and the included part of Brunswick timber, brick, stone, slate, tile) with inappropriate Road were laid out in the mid 19th century. The modern materials (e.g. uPVC, aluminium, concrete architecture of this area is considerably less grand products), particularly windows, doors and roof and of a lesser quality than that of character area 1. material; Key characteristics: N Loss of original boundary walls and railings; N Mainly residential; N Loss of front gardens to parking especially in Parliament Street; N Curve of Parliament Street at junction with N Boundary treatments that are insensitive to the Brunswick Road reflects the curvature of the Roman special historic interest of the conservation area; fortifications behind; N Nos 1-23 (odd) Parliament Street, a modest mid 19th century terrace; N Section of the defunct Gloucester to Cheltenham Tramroad along Old Tram Road; N Four early 19th century grade II listed buildings in Brunswick Road; N Stone-faced and stucco semi-detached houses mostly of the 1860s-1870s built to face The Park; N Mid/late 19th century houses in Weston Road, formerly facing the branch line railway; N Whitefield Memorial Presbyterian Church by Medland & Son, 1871; N Views across The Park and significant trees on park edges; N View into St Michael’s Square.

United Reformed Church, Park Road.

Negatives: N Nos 5 and 7 (The Brunswick) Park Road are negative buildings; N Ugly view from Park Road to air-conditioning equipment at rear of no. 35 St Michael’s Square N Gap in street frontage between no.1 and no. 5 Park Road; N Traffic noise along Trier Way; N Wide, featureless junction of Park Road and Trier Way; N Absence of front doors results in ‘dead ‘ street frontage in Parliament Street (south side); The Spa page 11 7.4 Character area 3: The Park and Weston Road Negatives: This area contains the site of Gloucester Spa’s Pump N Traffic noise from Inner Relief Road; Room and the former Spa Field, now incorporated N Lack of information about the former Gloucester within The Park. To the south, separated from the Park Spa; by the Inner Relief Road lies Weston Road, a row of N Poor setting of the War Memorial beside a noisy, robust three-storey semi-detached houses of the characterless road junction; 1880s. N Boarded-up brick toilet building on east side of The Key characteristics: Park; N Open recreational space and residential street; N Loss of original architectural details (e.g. chimney N Inner Relief Road (Trier Way) follows the course of stacks and pots, historic ironwork, boundary walls) the Midland Railway branch line to the Docks; detracts from the area’s historic interest; N Victorian houses in Weston Rd (c.1880); N Many of the historic buildings in the conservation N The Park, opened 1862, laid out by E.Milner on land area have been adversely affected through the formerly part of the spa grounds; replacement of traditional historic materials (e.g. N Bowling greens, cricket ground, tennis courts, skate timber, brick, stone, slate, tile) with inappropriate park and grassed public open space; modern materials (e.g. uPVC, aluminium, concrete products), particularly windows, doors and roof N Small area of modern landscaping, benches and material; playground in The Park; N Loss of original boundary walls and railings; N Features in The Park e.g. bandstand, circular N fountain and monument to Robert Raikes; Boundary treatments that are insensitive to the special historic interest of the conservation area; N Grade II listed statue of Queen Anne carved in 1711 N by John Ricketts the Elder; Unkempt areas and car parking along Weston Road boundary with Sud Brook. N Triangular area of open space south of Trier Way with hard surface games courts; N Mature individual trees and tree avenues and groups in The Park and Baker’s Field; N Tree-lined Sud Brook; N Views of the Cathedral tower from The Park; N City War Memorial by N.H.Waller, unveiled 1925 not completed until 1933;

Bandstand at The Park.

The Spa page 12 Part 2 Management Proposals Recommendations: N Policy CA1/1: The Council will seek to consider the 8 Introduction need for Article 4(2) Directions to protect buildings that retain original features from inappropriate 8.1 Format of the Management Proposals alteration. The primary focus will be on dwelling Part 1 of this document, the Character Appraisal, has houses in Parliament Street, Brunswick Road, Park identified the special positive qualities of The Spa Road, Weston Road, Spa Road, Montpellier Mews Conservation Area which make the conservation area and Trier Way that have been identified on the unique. Part 2 of this document, the Management accompanying townscape appraisal map as making Proposals, builds upon the negative features which a positive contribution to the character and have also been identified, to provide a series of Issues appearance of the proposed conservation area. and Recommendations for improvement and change, most of which are the responsibility of the City Council. 9.2 Poor quality of new developments, building The structure and scope of this document is based alterations and extensions on the suggested framework published by English Some modern developments are out of character with Heritage in Guidance on the Management of the conservation area by reason of their inappropriate Conservation Areas (2005). Both the Conservation design, scale or materials. In the conservation area, Area Character Appraisal and the Management where the quality of the general environment is Proposals will be subject to monitoring and reviews already acknowledged by designation, the Council on a regular basis, as set out in Chapter 10. will encourage good quality schemes that respond positively to their historic setting. Recommendations: N Policy CA1/2: Applications will be required to adhere to policies in the Gloucester Local Plan Second Stage Deposit August 2002 and any other policies which supersede this in the LDF;

Ferncroft, Brunswick Road.

9 Issues and recommendations 9.1 Loss of original architectural details and building materials Many of the unlisted, and some of the listed, buildings in the conservation area have been adversely affected by the replacement of original timber sash windows or Bastion House, Brunswick Road. doors with uPVC or aluminium, the replacement of natural roof slates with concrete tiles or the painting of originally exposed brickwork. In many cases, the removal of architectural features such as boundary walls or railings, porches and chimneys has spoiled the external appearance of a building and the local streetscape. Most of the above, where single family dwellings are concerned, can normally be carried out without planning permission from the Council. Development of this kind is called “Permitted Development” and falls into various classes which are listed in the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995. Powers exist for the Council, known as Article 4(2) directions, to withdraw some of these permitted development rights in the interest of preserving and enhancing the character and appearance of the conservation area. This might be considered to prevent the further erosion of historic character of residential properties, particularly where they form a coherent group of well detailed properties.

The Spa page 13 9.3 Lack of routine building maintenance and repair

Buildings in the conservation area are generally in good condition but there are instances of the neglect of routine maintenance and repair.

Recommendations: N Policy CA1/3: The Council will seek to monitor the condition of all historic buildings, report findings and take action, as necessary. Where the condition of a building gives cause for concern, appropriate steps will be taken to secure the future of the building, including the use of statutory powers.

9.4 Uncoordinated and poor quality floorscape Cathedral tower viewed from The Park. Paving and surface materials throughout the area are generally modern, uncoordinated and poor quality. In 9.6 Protection and replacement of street trees almost all cases they fail to enhance or re-enforce the Trees make an important contribution to the softening historic identity of the conservation area. In particular, of the urban townscape and enhancing the setting of the design and materials of the surface of the historic buildings. pavements around Brunswick Square spoils the setting of the listed buildings and fails to enhance the Recommendations: conservation area. N Policy CA1/7: The Council will seek to carry out the objectives of the ‘Tree Strategy for Gloucester (July Recommendations: 2001)’. N Policy CA1/4: As funds permit, the Council will pursue the repaving of Brunswick Square using 9.7 Sub-division of properties into flats simple, traditional materials that are more suited to Sub-division of properties into flats or let for multiple the character and appearance of this special early occupancy can tend to erode external character 19th century development. through e.g. prominent intrusive fire escapes, poorly N Policy CA1/5: The Council will consider publishing a maintained gardens or gardens destroyed in order to Streetscape Manual setting out their design ease maintenance. principles for the public realm, which should adhere Recommendations: to the guidelines described in the English Heritage publication Streets for All; N Policy CA1/8: When considering an application for conversion of a dwelling to flats or a house in 9.5 Unsightly satellite dishes multiple occupation, the Council will carefully consider such matters as bin storage, clothes Satellite dishes are a feature of modern living. drying, car parking and fire safety works to ensure Unfortunately, when located on the front of a historic that the change of use does not adversely impact building, a satellite dish can spoil the appearance of on the character and appearance of the the building and the streetscene. They have a conservation area. particularly noticeable adverse effect when a black dish is sited on a white background, especially stucco. In certain circumstances, satellites dishes may be 9.8 Loss of front gardens to car parking and other installed without the need for planning permission. hard landscaping

Recommendations: The increasing demand for off street parking has generated pressure for car parking in garden areas to N Policy CA1/6: The Council will prepare guidance for both the front and rear of commercial and residential householders, landlords and tenants on the properties. Loss of greenery and front boundary sensitive installation of satellite dishes and the railings or wall can spoil the setting of the building and requirement, or not, for planning permission. cumulatively erode the character of the streetscene. Enforcement action will be taken to remove any unauthorised dishes. Recommendations: N Policy CA1/9: Car parking areas within the front gardens of properties in the conservation area will not be permitted unless it can be demonstrated that the proposals will not adversely affect the character and appearance of the conservation area.

The Spa page 14 9.9 Improvements to Gloucester Park 10 Monitoring Review Following lack of investment for many years, facilities As recommended by English Heritage, this document and the natural environment of The Park were in need should be reviewed every five years from the date of its of enhancement. The Park was awarded £1.2 million formal adoption. It will need to be assessed in the light "Liveability" funding by the government in 2004 to of the emerging Local Development Framework and update facilities for the needs of 21st century users. government policy generally. A review should include Some of the Park’s remaining negative features that the following: are noted in this document will be enhanced as part of G A survey of the conservation area including a full the ongoing programme of improvements. photographic survey to aid possible enforcement action; G An assessment of whether the various recommendations detailed in this document have been acted upon, and how successful this has been; G The identification of any new issues which need to be addressed, requiring further actions or enhancements; G The production of a short report detailing the findings of the survey and any necessary action; G Publicity and advertising.

It is possible that this review could be carried out by the local community under the guidance of a heritage consultant or the City Council. This would enable the local community to become more involved with the Recent (2006) improvements at The Park. process and would raise public consciousness of the issues, including the problems associated with Recommendations: enforcement. N Policy CA1/10: The Council will continue to support initiatives to enhance The Park for the enjoyment of residents and visitors.

9.10 Negative sites and buildings This appraisal has identified ‘negative’ buildings i.e. buildings which clearly detract from the character or appearance of the conservation area and could suitably be replaced. In addition, there are a number of vacant sites where some form of built development or landscaping has the potential to improve the townscape. The following sites and/or buildings, marked on the accompanying Townscape Appraisal map, clearly detract from the character or appearance of the conservation area: G The former SAAB garage and adjacent space; G Nos 5 and 7 Park Road and the car park area to the west; G Health Centre site in Montpellier; G Rear of Christ Church including single storey building;

Recommendations: N Policy CA1/11: The Council will encourage the redevelopment of sites or buildings which make a negative contribution to the character or appearance of The Spa Conservation Area; N Policy CA1/12: Subject to resources and with regard to the likelihood of development, the Council will seek to prepare planning and design briefs for these sites.

The Spa page 15 The Spa page 16 Appendices

Appendix 1 Sustainability Report Appendix 2 The historical development of Gloucester Appendix 3 Scheduled Monuments Appendix 4 Listed buildings Appendix 5 Bibliography

Appendix 1 Sustainability Appraisal and Management Proposals

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ch will enhance thech will sitstay Gloucester and Commentary (any secondary, cumulative, synergistic impacts?) & Recommendation Improvement/Mitigation The appraisal highlights importanttree trees and groups. The management policies the maintain to seek characterthe and of CA possiblewhere replace negative features ones with whi characterthe of area. that It found when been has the appearance an historic of area is improved more topeople want live and work there. Enhancing the character or will area historic this encourage more people to vi longer.

High High High High

Significance of Impact

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Whole Area Whole Area Whole Area Mainly the Park the Mainly Geographic ScaleGeographic

Permanent Permanent Permanent Permanent Temporary or Temporary Permanent Impact?

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SA Objectives SA most the City’s 1. protect To vulnerable assets Will1.a.minimiseit risk the of flooding people to and property? Will1.b.it conserve and enhance natural/semi habitats? 1.c. Will it conserv enhance species diversity and in particular, to avoid harm protected species? 1.d.Will it maintain and enhance sitesfor designated theircon nature interest? 1.e.Will it maintain and enhance cultural and historical assets? Will1.f.maintain and enhance it cover?woodland Sustainable2. Deliver To Growth Economic Will and 2.a.it create new particularly jobs time full lasting formost those need of in employment? Will2.b.it encourage both indigenous and inward investment? Will2.c. support to a it help encouragesmall the of growth businesses? Will2.d.theit help improve to attraction Gloucester a of as tourist destination?

The Spa page 17

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Commentary (any secondary, cumulative, synergistic impacts?) & Recommendation Improvement/Mitigation Maintainingcharacter the of historic ar resisting development on important open spaces and the curtilageto listed buildings.sub The propertiescan also be detrimentalcharacter the to of an historic area. Document has policies for thethe Council encourage to redevelopment ‘negative’ of sites. The retention of older buildings the reduces buildingdemand for new materials. Property owners encouraged to reinstate original featuressome of which can be obtained second

Med Med Med High

Significance of Impact

Med High High High Likelihood of of Likelihood Impact

buildings Whole Area Whole Area Whole Area and negative for enhancement Areas designated Geographic ScaleGeographic

Permanent Permanent Permanent Permanent Temporary or Temporary Permanent Impact?

L/T S/T S/T S/T Impact (Short, (Short, Impact Likely Timing of of Timing Likely Med, Long Term) Long Med,

- - 0 ? 0 0 0 + + + + - ++ Impact

duce water

SA Objectives SA minimise consumption 3. To resources and of natural waste of production Willmost3.a.it encourage the efficient land of and use buildings? 3.b. Will it encourage development on previously developed land Will3.c.minimise demand it the materialsfor raw and/or encourage the raw of use materialssustainable from sources? Will3.d.it increase waste recovery and recycling? Will3.e.theit help reduce to amountthat is waste of generated? Will3.f. it positively encourage renewable forms energy? of Will3.g. it re consumption?

The Spa page 18

s for s for Commentary (any secondary, cumulative, synergistic impacts?) & Recommendation Improvement/Mitigation Document contains a policy continue thatthe will Council to support initiatives to Park.enhance The

Med

Significance of Impact

Med Likelihood of of Likelihood Impact

The Park Geographic ScaleGeographic

Permanent Temporary or Temporary Permanent Impact?

S/T Impact (Short, (Short, Impact Likely Timing of of Timing Likely Med, Long Term) Long Med,

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b. Willb.it improve access to SA Objectives SA has everyone ensure 4. To access to the essential require and that services they met local needs are Will4.a it help everyone access easily, services basic essential safely affordably? and 4.d. Will it provid leisure facilities, green spaces and improve access to existing facilities? Will4.e.thait help ensure to everyone has accesssafeto and affordable housing? Will4.f.it reduce homelessness? of standards improve 5. To education health and Will5.a.it improve health and people’sto ability engage in healthy activities? 5. health facilities? care Will5.d.it improve access to learning,skills training, and knowledge? Will5.e.it improve qualifications and skills young people of and adults?

The Spa page 19

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Commentary (any secondary, cumulative, synergistic impacts?) & Recommendation Improvement/Mitigation Document recommends that monitoringa be review carriedin out 5 years time and itis possible that this couldcarried by the be out community. local Encourages people take to pride in area. their maintainedWell are CA’s live. to places attractive

Med High High

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Temporary Permanent Permanent Temporary or Temporary Permanent Impact?

L/T L/T M/T Impact (Short, (Short, Impact Likely Timing of of Timing Likely Med, Long Term) Long Med,

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SA Objectives SA great make a Gloucester 6. To work and live place to Will6.a.crimeit help reduce to fearcrime?and the of 6.b. Will it encourage community engagement in community activities? of ability the increase Will it 6.c. people to influence decisions? 6.d.Will it improve c cohesion? Willmaintain6.e.it help to and/orthe enhance vitality and centre? a designatedviability of to access increase Will it 6.f. and participation activities? Will6.g.it reduce poverty and income inequality? Will6.h.theit reduce number of unfit homes? Will6.i. itthe improve quality of peoplewhere live? to need the reduce 7. To travel 7.a.Will it reduce the need/desireto travelcar? by Will7.b.it help that ensure alternatives to the car are available for essentialjourne especially residents to in areas carof low ownership? Will7.c. achieve to it help a reduction road accident in casualties? the increase it Will 7.d. proportion of freight carried by rail and water? Will7.e.it help redu to congestion road and improve safety?

The Spa page 20

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Commentary (any secondary, cumulative, synergistic impacts?) & Recommendation Improvement/Mitigation Document has policies for thethe Council encourage to redevelopment negative of sites

Med

Significance of Impact

Med Likelihood of of Likelihood Impact

ancement for enh Areas designated Geographic ScaleGeographic

Permanent Temporary or Temporary Permanent Impact?

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SA Objectives SA environmental improve 8. To land) water, (air, quality Will8.a.it help reduce to any sources pollution? of Will8.b.levelsit help reduce to of noise? Will8.c.maintain it and enhance qualit water 8.e.Will it maintain and enhance air quality? Will8.f.maintain and enhance it land/soil quality? Will8.g.theit reduce amount of derelict, degraded and underused land? to contributions reduce 9. To climate change 9.a.Will it reduce contributions to climate change? reduceWillit vulnerability 9.b. to climate change?

The Spa page 21 Appendix 2 The Historical Development of Medieval Gloucester Gloucester Under the Normans, Gloucester’s motte-and-bailey castle commanded the southernmost route across the Gloucester: history and development Severn to South Wales and this was rebuilt in stone The history of Gloucester has been written many times (on the site of today’s city prison) by Miles of and in great detail. This account is not intended to Gloucester in 1110–20. Under Abbot Serlo (from 1089) duplicate what has already been said elsewhere. the Saxon Minster of St Peter was rebuilt to create one Instead it is aimed at summarising those key historical of England’s greatest Benedictine abbeys (now the developments that have helped to shape the city that cathedral). we know today, with particular emphasis on the street Hospitals were established on London Road in the pattern and standing buildings. early twelfth century whose chapels still survive (St Margaret’s and St Mary Magdelen’s). New churches Roman Gloucester and religious foundations were added – notably the A Roman fortress was established at Kingsholm some richly endowed Llanthony Priory, begun in 1137 as a time after AD 48 close to what must have been an home for Augustinian canons fleeing from their original existing ford across the River Severn. The Severn then Welsh home. St Oswald’s Priory also became a house formed the frontier between Roman Britain and of the Augustinians in 1152; Greyfriars was established unconquered Wales. By AD 70, the Romans had around 1231, Blackfriars around 1239 and Whitefriars conquered south Wales and established a new army around 1268. Of the parish churches that were headquarters at Caerleon. The Kingsholm fort was established at this time, St Mary le Lode, in St Mary’s dismantled and a new one established to the south. Square, St Nicholas, in Westgate Street and St Mary le This evolved into a colonia, a city where soldiers Crypt, in Southgate Street, have survived. retiring from the army were given land as a form of Gloucester was granted a charter in 1155 (giving the pension, once Gloucester ceased to be a frontline right to hold a market and to exercise jurisdiction). The military station around AD 81. economy was based on iron working but the city also This period saw the establishment of the rectilinear had a large population of traders and merchants and street pattern that underlies the historic centre of the city played an important role as a market and Gloucester. The Cross, marking the centre of today’s service centre for the region. A quay probably operated city, also stands on top of the focal point of the Roman along the banks of the Severn between Westgate city. Northgate Street and Southgate Streets lie directly Bridge and the castle. on top of the main Roman road through the city. Westgate Street was the longest and most important of London Road also follows a Roman alignment, turning the city’s commercial streets, the location of a market, north easterly to join Roman Ermin Way (today’s A38 several churches, the Guildhall and the mint. The Barnwood / Hucclecote Road). Ermin Way itself is abbey occupied all of the north-western quadrant of the aligned on the original fort at Kingsholm. city. The east end was the Jewish quarter until the Jews were expelled in 1275. New suburbs developed Anglo-Saxon Gloucester outside the town walls. Gloucester continued to be a centre of settlement after Among secular medieval buildings in Gloucester, the the final withdrawal of Roman troops from Britain in most remarkable are the late-twelfth century undercroft 436. The Anglo-Saxon chronicle says that Gloucester beneath the late-fifteenth century Fleece Hotel, the (with Cirencester and Bath) fell to the Saxons after the early thirteenth-century undercrofts to 47–49 and 76 Battle of Dyrham, fought in 577, and thereafter was Westgate Street and the New Inn, a complete ruled by the Hwicce, as a sub-kingdom within Mercia. timber-framed courtyard inn built around 1450 for Osric founded a minster church (an early form of St Peter’s Abbey. monastery) around AD 679, the forerunner of St Peter’s Abbey (today’s cathedral). Post Dissolution Gloucester Ethelfleda (died AD 918), daughter of King Alfred The Dissolution of the 1530s was a landmark in the and ruler of the Mercians following the death of her city’s history, unlocking resources previously controlled husband in 911, founded the new Minster of St Oswald by religious houses. The Minster church became the in Gloucester shortly after AD 900, by when Gloucester cathedral and with the founding of the See, Gloucester was already an important commercial centre. Many of became a city in 1541. Cloth making led a revival in the the streets, side lanes and alleys of the city centre city’s trading fortunes and by 1600 the city hosted were established at this time. specialist markets for the trading of cattle, sheep, St Oswald’s was probably connected with the royal grain and fruit. palace that was established at Kingsholm by the reign Port status was granted to the city by Elizabeth I in of Edward the Confessor (1003–66). Gloucester was a 1580 and by the time the cloth trade declined in the regular meeting place of the royal council during his seventeenth century, the city had evolved into a reign and that of William I. At one such meeting in 1085 significant centre for the Severn-based grain and malt William I initiated the Domesday survey. trade, though competition from Bristol prevented it from developing foreign trade contacts.

The Spa page 22 The Puritan city’s stubborn resistance to Royalist siege as well as stimulating locally based corn-milling and in 1643 is widely seen as the turning point in the Civil ship-building, and the manufacture of railway rolling War. Large parts of the city were burned to the ground: stock (Gloucester Wagon Works opened in 1860) and most of the northern and southern suburbs were lost, matches (Morlands/England’s Glory). as were half the city’s eleven medieval churches. Big increases in population saw the city’s boundaries Surviving buildings from this period include the timber- extended in 1835 and 1874. The population doubled framed buildings at 6–8, 14, 26, 30, 33, 43–45, 66, 100 between 1851 and 1871 alone. Middle-class housing and 99–103 Westgate Street (the Folk Museum) and spread out along London Road while industrial that at 9 Southgate Street (with a façade dating from development was heaviest in the area between the 1664/5). canal and Bristol Road and artisan housing grew up in the south and south east of the city. The 1870s and Eighteenth-century Gloucester 1880s saw the city centre transformed from a mix of Wire and pin making, metal working, bell founding, small shops and residential premises to a business and wool stapling and banking led the city’s revival from the retail centre with banks, offices and large stores. Gas late seventeenth century. Gloucester also developed as lighting in the city was completed in the 1890s and the a distribution centre for goods imported from overseas new suburbs of Outer Barton Street, Tredworth, Bristol via Bristol and then forwarded inland to the west Road, Kingsholm and Wotton were brought within the Midlands. city boundaries when they were extended again in 1900. A number of medieval houses were refaced in fashionable brick (eg Nos 6–8 and 14 Westgate Street) Other buildings of this period include the County and the city also became established as a social centre Lunatic Asylum (1823), the Friends Meeting House, for the local gentry, with fine houses from this period at Greyfriars (1835), St James, Upton Street (1841), the College Green and Longsmith Street, plus the former HM Custom House (Sydney Smirke, 1845), St eighteenth-century church of St John the Baptist in Mark, Kingsholm (1845), the Mariner’s Church in the Northgate Street. Docks (1849), the Cemetery, in Cemetery Road (1857), St Peter’s Roman Catholic Church (1859), the The County Infirmary was founded in 1755 and Wesleyan Church, Victoria Street (1870), the Public St Bartholomews’ Hospital almshouses, near Westgate Library and Museum (1872), Whitefield Presbyterian, Bridge, were rebuilt in Gothick style in 1790. Church Park Road (1872), All Saints, Barton Street (Sir Gloucester was active in the establishment and G G Scott, 1875),Coney Hill Hospital (1883), St Paul, promotion of Sunday Schools from the 1780s (Robert Stroud Road 1883, the Public Baths, Eastgate Street Raikes, pioneer of Sunday Schools, was born in (1891), the former Guildhall in Eastgate Street (1892), Gloucester in 1736). The County Gaol was rebuilt in and St Stephen, Bristol Road (1898). 1791, as was St John the Baptist, Northgate Street, in 1734. Other notable buildings of the period include Twentieth-century Gloucester No 1 Miller’s Green (The Deanery), Bearland House in Longsmith Street (1740) and Ladybellegate House As the docks declined in the late-nineteenth century, (1743). local engineering firms moved into the new industries of aircraft production, though this too ceased in 1960 Nineteenth-century Gloucester (as did match making in 1976 and the wagon works in 1985). Gloucester’s role as the county town has since Physical growth beyond the city’s medieval boundaries created employment in local government and in service began after the Napoleonic Wars. Shire Hall (Sir Robert industries. Smirke) dates from 1815/16. A pump room (demolished 1960) opened in Spa Road that same year, but this Notable buildings of this period include St Catharine, was rapidly eclipsed by the greater popularity of the London Road (1915), the Technical College (1936), spa at Cheltenham. Even so, several terraces St Oswald (1939), St Barnabas, Tuffley (1940) and associated with the spa have survived, including St Aldate, Finlay Road (1964). Gloucester’s only residential square, Brunswick Square (begun 1822), along with Christ Church, Brunswick Road (Rickmann & Hutchinson, 1823). Two of the Severn’s watercourses were partly concealed, having been open since the Roman founding of the city: the Dockham Ditch (aka Old or Little Severn) was culverted south of the Foreign Bridge on Westgate Street in 1825 and completely filled in in 1854, and the Twyver (running beneath Station Road) was culverted in 1833. The opening of the Gloucester and Berkeley Canal in 1827 gave ocean-going ships access to the city and the coming of the railways in the 1840s encouraged Gloucester’s expansion as a busy port for the distribution of foreign grain and timber to the Midlands,

The Spa page 23 Speed’s map of 1610.

Kip’s engraving of 1710.

The Spa page 24 Hall & Pinnell’s map of 1780.

1805 map.

The Spa page 25 Causton’s map of Gloucester, 1843.

1/2500 Ordnance Survey map 1902.

The Spa page 26 1/2500 Ordnance Survey map 1923.

The Spa page 27 Appendix 3 Scheduled Monuments There are no Scheduled Monuments in The Spa Conservation Area.

The Spa page 28 Appendix 4 Listed Buildings

Name Address

1 Brunswick Square 2 Brunswick Square 3 Brunswick Square 4 and 5 Brunswick Square 6 and 7 Brunswick Square 8 and 9 Brunswick Square 10 Brunswick Square 11 Brunswick Square 12-18 (consec) Brunswick Square 20-25 (consec) Brunswick Square 26 and 27 Brunswick Square 28 Brunswick Square 29 Brunswick Square 6 Spa Road Ribston Hall 13 and 15 Spa Road Maitland House 17 Spa Road 19 and 21 Spa Road Sherborne House 23, 25, and 27 Spa Road Judges’ Lodgings 29 and 31 Spa Road 1 Beaufort Buildings Spa Road 2, 3, and 4 Beaufort Buildings Spa Road 5 and 6 Beaufort Buildings Spa Road 7 Beaufort Buildings Spa Road Statue of Queen Anne off Spa Road North Villas Nos 1 and 2 Montpellier Spa Villas Nos 1 and 2 Montpellier Spa Villas Nos 3 and 4 Montpellier Spa Villas Nos 5 and 6 Montpellier The Byways (Park House) Montpellier St James' Place 4, 6, and 8 Park Road St James Place 10 Park Road Whitefield Presbyterian Church Park Road Ferncroft Brunswick Road Bastion House Brunswick Road 28 Brunswick Road 30 Brunswick Road 43 and 45 Brunswick Road 47 and 49 Brunswick Road 51, 53, and 55Brunswick Road 59 Brunswick Road Christ Church Brunswick Road

The Spa page 29 Appendix 5 Bibliography and Contacts

Bibliography Baker, N and Holt, R 2004. Urban Growth and the Medieval Church: Gloucester and Worcester. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Jurica, J. 1994, Gloucester – A Pictorial History, Phillimore Moss, P 2005. Historic Gloucester: an illustrated guide to the city and its buildings, Stroud: Nonsuch Publishing Schedule of Listed Buildings in the City of Gloucester, 7th edition, compiled under section 1 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Verey, D and Brooks, A 2002. The Buildings of England, Gloucstershire 2: The Vale and the Forest of Dean, New Haven and London: Yale University Press Victoria County History, A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 4: The City of Gloucester (1988)

Maps / topographical views:

G Speed’s map of 1610 G Kip’s engraving of 1712 G Hall and Pinnell’s map of 1796 G Causton’s map of 1843 G Ordnance Survey map of 1883

The Spa page 30 Maps

Conservation Area 1 Character Areas Conservation Area 1 Management Proposals Conservation Area 1 Townscape Appraisal

to 4 to

29 BM 16.59m

Herbert 3 63 Warehouse 5

(Council Offices)

27 Queen's Walk 65 45

Remains of Contitution 50 16.8m PH 22a

Kimberley Friary BM 17.58m 5

47 BM 20.02m House 69 Posts

25 71 to 73 16.2m

Warehouse 5 Library (Franciscan) 22a

23 Friends' (Council Offices) 2 52

3 49 BELL LANE Holloway

15 Posts

Club Meeting GREYFRIARS House 24 RUSSELL STREET

House EASTGATE STREET 18 ST KILDA PARADE Victoria 54 Council Car Park 74 Warehouse El Sub Sta 75 Offices

Phillpotts 76 8 17.7m 9

56 Warehouse 78 30

(Council Offices) Priory Place 57 Market 17.7m 80 Priory 81 Car Park House

Post Museum and LB

32 58 KIMBROSE WAY 3

82 Art Gallery El Sub Sta 60 TCB's KIMBROSE Post Posts 83 ROMAN WALL 84 Organ's Alley 85

(course of)

34 NETTLETON ROAD

5 Jennings Walk 87 Works 68 Organ's Alley El 15.9m PH

Merchants Quay 89 99

County Court Bowling Green 7 Sub Sta

SOUTH GATE 67 College 16.5m

91 101

(site of) of Art 76

7 69 60a 93 103 PH

BM 18.07m 95 6a

Burleigh House 6

82 73 97 PH

Britannia Constitution Walk 99 Public 84

Warehouse 17.4m Barton PH 86

71 Library 101 2

Posts 72 Chambers 88

PARLIAMENT 103

73 92 Works Swing STREET College 105 107 Bridge 17.7m of Art BM 16.69m Posts El 11.3m Posts Sub Sta Victoria Dock

109 111 NETTLETON ROAD

94 15 15.8m Technical College Albert Warehouse HAMPDEN WAY

3 Car Park 96 1 98 113 Tank 17.7m Gloucester City

100 15.8m

(course of) 1 119

17 6 Eastgate house Car Park 15.2m PARLIAMENT 13 102 121 15.8m

St Michael's Car Park EASTGATE STREET

19 2 BM 18.12m Court Conservation Area Appraisals ROMAN WALL 131

37a 23 BRUNSWICK21 ROAD Posts 37b Posts

El Sub Sta 37 2 Hertha House

16.8m 133 10

CROMWELL ST. Garage 112

1 TURRET TCB 43 46 STREET (site of) PH Southgate House 139 33 ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE

Vyvian 44

Court 17.4m 1

3 114 to 118 to 114

20 4

21 15 Brunswest 15.8m

45 120

1 Court 26

1 to 6 to 1

Car Park 9 124

126 The Spa Conservation Area

Lesanne 9a 12 7 128

Court 11

Ferncroft 16.2m 130 1 to 9 to 1 42 SOUTHGATE STREET 5 Cavendish Building 13.7m 27 2 Church

El Sub Sta

CROMWELL STREET 14

2 Car Park 34

Albion Cottages Albion

16 to 21 to 16 22 KINGS BARTON STREET 8 1

LB 13 32

4 Bastion House ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE

14 15.5m

Albion 14 17 23

11.6m CHILLINGWORTH MEWS 15 TCB House 11

28 25 1 12 24

21 PH BM 13.95m ARTHUR STREET Character Areas

PH LB 2

79 22

27 11

6 11a 29

ROAD 35

Southgate Evangelical 136 19 15 Salvation Army

138 11 81 Church 13 19 140 TRAM ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE Church PH 20

11 39

14 85 36

83 1 OLD 25

2 15.5m El

5 15 4 87 31 21 Sub Sta

38 CROMWELL STREET 43 7 7 37 ALBION ST. 9 39 12 24

152 18 (Not to scale) 37

13 Church LB 1

Discovery House 13.4m Club 8

1 4 BRUNSWICK SQUARE3 25

14.3m 39

Surgery 8 14

97 2a 48

95 14 Tk 156a 156 5 CR

WELLINGTON STREET

101 37a

16 7 PH 2 Hall 51 16 47

158

1 39

105 Ward Bdy

18 15.8m 4 12 Def

107 18

1 13.7m 25 25a 60 10 27 164 Brunswick 31 33 Lawns PH 1

14.0m 5 14.3m BELGRAVE ROAD 47

20 1 PARK ROAD

El NORFOLK STREET 7

Sub 5 2 BRUNSWICK SQUARE

22 45 4

3 Sta 115 11 14.3m 11a

119 Posts 47

Mariners 117

25 Church 1: Spa Road, Brunswick Square and

Hall BM 14.88m 1 to 4 55 El Sub Sta

1a 3 55

28 1 14.6m 14.6m BM 14.17m Health Centre St Bartholomews TRIER WAY Garage Norfolk Mews

11 Montpellier

11a BRUNSWICK ROAD 42 28a BM 15.78m Church 21 Garage 172 Christ Church 1

Montpellier Mews 2 25

NORFOLK27 STREET 29 12.8m 3 Registry Monument 67 CHURCH STREET

121 Office 63 Garage 14.9m 176 174 176 The Park 17 15.2m PARK ROAD Manse 19 El Sub Sta Hall MONTPELLIER

CHURCH ST El MONTPELLIER 2: Park Road, Brunswick Road (part) and 3 123 Hall Sub Sta 23 CR 182 Health Works Posts BM 15.31m Montpellier Centre Club 27 House Ward Bdy Parliament Street 14.9m War 15.2m 14.3m 40 13.7m Memorial ED Bdy SPA ROAD El Sub Sta TRIER WAY 190 29 Aviary 1 Beaufort House BM 14.50m 31

Def 13 1 33 2

137 1 PEMBROKE STREET 1

North Villas 3: The Park and Weston Road 192 to 200 to 192 9 Cedar House El (Council Offices)

Sub Sta 14.0m 3 2a

12.8m 3a SOMERSET PLACE 2 Pavilion 2 SOUTHGATE STREET Bowling Spa Villas Bandstand Bowling Green Green Beaufort Buildings

MIDLAND ROAD

CR 6 7 16 1 LB

151 204 to 214 to 204 6

SPA ROAD

1 Lennox 6

Car Park MONTPELLIER Def BM 13.94m 2 FS

House 15.2m 1

10 6 8 153 2 BM 12.62m

ST LUKE 7

13.1m Vicarage ARCHIBALD STREET 153a STREET 8 THE CHESTNUTS 12.2m

2 216

PO 7

8 23 LB

157 Car Park 12

9 The Park

22 12 226 PH 12.8m Park PC ED Bdy PH

CR 161 House Pavilion 32 230 CR

13.1m Bowling Green 13 12.5m 1 165 BM 16.50m

GOODYERE STREET DINELY STREET

169

2a 13 2

El Sub Sta 18

14 El Works 37 Sub Sta

Def 26

Spa Field CR 36 Spa Field (Cricket and Hockey Ground) Ward Bdy Playground

Sinks Path 23 Sud Brook 1 TRIER WAY

7 1 3 24 FAULKNER STREET9 Def

5 2

39 Monument 6

23 10

11 Def 12.5m 14.0m Issues 13 ED Bdy

15 TCB 29

27 14.6m 32 22

1 BM 15.14m TCB 36 Ward Bdy 1

30 30b 2

CR TRIER WAY 13 34 14

30a PARK END ROAD REGENT STREET 11a

13 30 17 12.8m 12 ROAD

TCB 31 Sinks 11b

30b 22 54 15.2m BM 16.36m 31a WESTON ROAD

2 WESTON ROAD 31

31a

Games Court BM 14.51m 32 ED Bdy 28

FB 31b 1

MIDLAND 16

St Paul's 13.1m Sud Brook 15.5m

Primary School 31 12.2m 40

STROUD ROAD 13.7m

68 12 LB 43 Ward Bdy

St Paul's (C of E Controlled) Tank 72 16.2m

Primary School

50 25 PH

Club BRISTOL ROAD 2

25a 20 LB

27 52

11 CR 12.5m 84 13.4m 14.0m

45 1 26 12.2m 2

135 BM 13.29m 124 96

BROOK STREET 19

123

112

19a

12 CONDUIT STREET 109 111 100 39 15 12.8m NEW STREET

19 52

88 21

89 107 23 15.5m Hostel BM 14.44m 50

59 76 97 13.1m

72 40

32 © Crown copyright. All rights 40 31

108

87 14.0m CLIFTON ROAD 22

13.1m ST PAUL’S ROAD BM 13.67m 62

75 reserved. Gloucester City Council

29 26

71 50 51

61 75 38 41 71 58 Licence No.100019169, 2006.

Def 13.1m 51 26 36

BM 14.33m LB 43

39 14 54 31

77 41

BM 13.61m 61

21 13.1m 3 1 63 5 1 EASTGATE STREET

76 17.7m

56 56 78 30

Priory Place 57 57 Market 17.7m 80 Priory 81 Car Park House

Post Museum and LB

32 32 58 58 KIMBROSE WAY 3

82 Art Gallery 60 60 TCB's KIMBROSE Post Posts 83 ROMAN WALL 84 Organ's Alley 85

(course of) NETTLETON ROAD 34 34

5 5 Jennings Walk 87 Works 68 Organ's Alley El 15.9m PH

89 99

County Court Bowling Green 7 Sub Sta

SOUTH GATE 67 College 16.5m

91 101

(site of) of Art 76

60a 7 69 69 93 103 PH

BM 18.07m 95 6a

6 6 71 71 Burleigh House 82 82 97

73 73 PH

Constitution Walk 99 Public 84

17.4m Barton PH

Library 86

71 71 101 2 2

Posts 72 Chambers 88 88

PARLIAMENT 103

73 73 92 92 Works STREET College 105 107 17.7m of Art BM 16.69m Posts El Posts Sub Sta

109 111

94 94 15 15 15.8m Technical College HAMPDEN WAY

3 Car Park 96 1 98 113 Tank 17.7m

100 100 15.8m

(course of) 1 119

PARLIAMENT 17 6 Eastgate house 15.2m 13 102 121 15.8m EASTGATE STREET

St Michael's Car Park Gloucester City 19 19 2 2 BM 18.12m Court ROMAN WALL 131

BRUNSWICK ROAD 37a 23 21 Posts 37b Posts

37 2 Hertha House

133 Conservation Area Appraisals

16.8m 10 10

STREET CROMWELL ST. Garage 112 1 1 TURRET TCB 43 46 (site of) PH Southgate House ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE 139 33

Vyvian 44 Court

17.4m 1

3 114 to 118 118 to 114

20 4

21 15 Brunswest 15.8m

to to

45 120

1 1 Court 26

2 2

1 to 6 6 to 1

9 124

126 126 The Spa Conservation Area

Lesanne 9a 12 7 128

Court 11

1 1

SOUTHGATE STREET Ferncroft 16.2m 130 1 to 9 9 to 1 42 5 Cavendish Building 13.7m 27 Church KINGS BARTON STREET

El Sub Sta CROMWELL STREET 14

Car Park 34

16 to 21 21 to 16 22 22 8 8

LB 13 32

4 4 Bastion ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE House

14 15.5m Management Proposals Map

Albion 14 17 23 23

CHILLINGWORTH MEWS 15 TCB House 11

28 25 1 12 24

21 PH BM 13.95m

PH LB ARTHUR STREET

2 2

79 79 22 22

27 11

6 6 11a 29

ROAD 35

136 19 15 Salvation Army

138 11 81 81 13 Church (Not to scale) 140 TRAM 19 PH ST MICHAEL’S20 SQUARE

11 39 14 14 85 85 36 36

83 83 1 OLD 25

2 2

15.5m 41 El

5 15 4 4 87 87

31 31 21 Sub Sta

38 43 7 7 37 ALBION ST. 9 CROMWELL STREET 39 12 24

152 18 37

13 Church LB 1

13.4m Club 8 BRUNSWICK SQUARE

1 4 3 25

14.3m 39 8 8

Surgery 14

97 97 2a 48

95 95 14 14 Tk 156 5 CR

WELLINGTON STREET 101 101

37a 37a 7

16 PH 2 Hall 51 16 47

1 39 39

105 105 Ward Bdy

18 15.8m 4 4 12 12 Def

19 107 107 18

1 13.7m 25 25a 60 Brunswick 10 27 31 33 Lawns 1 BELGRAVE ROAD Conservation area boundary

5 14.3m

47 47 20 20 PARK ROAD

7 BRUNSWICK SQUARE

22 22 45 4 4 115 115 11 14.3m 11a

119 119 Posts 47

117 117

25 25 Church 1 to 4 55 El Sub Sta 3 55

28 28 14.6m BM 14.17m Health Centre St Bartholomews Norfolk Mews

11 BRUNSWICK ROAD

11a 42 28a 28a BM 15.78m Church Garage Area for enhancement 21 Christ Church 1 TRIER WAY

Montpellier Mews

2 2 25 29 29 3 NORFOLK27 STREET 12.8m Registry Monument 67 Office 63 14.9m 17 The Park 15.2mPARK ROAD Manse 19 El Sub Sta Hall MONTPELLIER MONTPELLIER El Hall Sub Sta 23 CR Health Posts BM 15.31m Montpellier Centre Club 27 House War 15.2m Ward Bdy 14.3m 13.7m 40 Memorial SPA ROAD ED Bdy El Sub Sta Aviary 29 1 Beaufort House BM 14.50m 31

Def 13 13 1 33 2

1 1 PEMBROKE STREET North Villas 9 Cedar House El (Council Offices)

Sub Sta 14.0m 3

2a 2a 12.8m 3a

SOMERSET PLACE 2 2 Pavilion Bowling Spa Villas Bandstand Bowling Green Green

Beaufort Buildings MIDLAND ROAD

CR 6 7 16 1 LB 151 6

SPA ROAD

1 1 Lennox 6 6

Car Park Def BM 13.94m 2 FS MONTPELLIER

House 15.2m 1

10 10 6 6 8 8 153 2 BM 12.62m

Vicarage 7

153a ARCHIBALD STREET

THE CHESTNUTS 12.2m 8

13 2 2

PO 7

8 8 23

157 Car Park 12 12

9 9 The Park

22 22 12 12 PH 12.8m Park PC ED Bdy

CR 161 161 House

Pavilion 32 Bowling Green 13 1 165 165 BM 16.50m GOODYERE STREET

DINELY STREET

169 169

2a 2a 13 2 2

El Sub Sta 18 18

14 14 Works 37

25 26 26

Spa Field CR 36 Spa Field (Cricket and Hockey Ground) Ward Bdy Playground

Sinks Path 23 23 Sud Brook TRIER WAY 1

24 24 FAULKNER STREET9

Def

5 2 2

39 Monument 6

23 10 10

11 Def 12.5m 14.0m Issues 13 ED Bdy

15 TCB 29 29

27 14.6m 32 32 22 22

1 1 BM 15.14m TCB 36 Ward Bdy 1

40 40

30 30

30b 30b 2 2 TRIER WAY 34

CR 13

14 30a 30a PARK END ROAD REGENT STREET

13 30 17 12.8m 12

ROAD 31 Sinks

30b 22 22 54 54 15.2m BM 16.36m 31a

WESTON ROAD WESTON ROAD

13 13

2 2 31

31a 31a

Games Court BM 14.51m 32 ED Bdy 28 28

FB 31b

1 16 16 MIDLAND

St Paul's 13.1m Sud Brook 15.5m

Primary School 31 12.2m 40

13.7m

STROUD ROAD 68 12 12 LB 43 Ward Bdy

St Paul's (C of E Controlled) Tank 72 16.2m

Primary School

50 50 25 25 PH Club

2 2 25a 20 LB

38 38

27 27 52 52

11 11 CR 12.5m 84 13.4m 14.0m

45 1 26 26 2 2

135 BM 13.29m 124 96 96

BROOK STREET 19

123

112

19a 19a

12 12

109 109 CONDUIT STREET 111 100 39 15 12.8m NEW STREET

19 52

88 21

89 89 107 107 23 15.5m Hostel BM 14.44m 50

59 76 97 97 13.1m

40 40 31

108 108 CLIFTON ROAD 87 14.0m

13.1m ST PAUL’S ROAD BM 13.67m 62 22 reserved. Gloucester City Council

75 75 4

26 26 29 29

71 71 50

51 51 Licence No.100019169, 2006. 61 61

75 75 38 41 71 58

Def 13.1m 51 51 26 36

BM 14.33m LB 43

39 39 14

54 31

41 41 77 61

BM 13.61m 2

21 21 13.1m 3 1 63 63 5 1 EASTGATE STREET

76 17.7m

56 56 78 30

Priory Place 57 57 Market 17.7m 80 Priory 81 Car Park House

Post Museum and LB

32 32 58 58 KIMBROSE WAY 3

82 Art Gallery 60 60 TCB's KIMBROSE Post Posts 83 ROMAN WALL 84 Organ's Alley 85

(course of) NETTLETON ROAD 34 34

5 5 Jennings Walk 87 Works 68 Organ's Alley El 15.9m PH

89 99

County Court Bowling Green 7 Sub Sta

SOUTH GATE 67 College 16.5m

91 101

(site of) of Art 76

60a 7 69 69 93 103 PH

BM 18.07m 95 6a

6 6 71 71 Burleigh House 82 82 97

73 73 PH

Constitution Walk 99 Public 84

17.4m Barton PH

Library 86

71 71 101 2 2

Posts 72 Chambers 88 88

PARLIAMENT 103

73 73 92 92 Works STREET College 105 107 17.7m of Art BM 16.69m Posts El Posts Sub Sta

109 111

94 94 15 15 15.8m Technical College HAMPDEN WAY

3 Car Park 96 1 98 113 Tank 17.7m

100 100 15.8m

(course of) 1 119

PARLIAMENT 17 6 Eastgate house 15.2m 13 102 121 15.8m EASTGATE STREET

St Michael's Car Park Gloucester City 19 19 2 2 BM 18.12m Court ROMAN WALL 131

BRUNSWICK ROAD 37a 23 21 Posts 37b Posts

37 2 Hertha House

133 Conservation Area Appraisals

16.8m 10 10

STREET CROMWELL ST. Garage 112 1 1 TURRET TCB 43 46 (site of) PH Southgate House ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE 139 33

MEWS Vyvian 44 Court

17.4m 1

3 114 to 118 118 to 114

20 4

21 15 Brunswest 15.8m

to to

45 120

1 1 Court 26

2 2

1 to 6 6 to 1

9 124

126 126 The Spa Conservation Area

Lesanne 9a 12 7 128

Court 11

1 1

SOUTHGATE STREET Ferncroft 16.2m 130 1 to 9 9 to 1 42 5 Cavendish Building 13.7m 27 Church KINGS BARTON STREET

El Sub Sta CROMWELL STREET 14

Car Park 34

16 to 21 21 to 16 22 22 8 8

LB 13 32

4 4 Bastion ST MICHAEL’S SQUARE House

14 15.5m Townscape Appraisal Map

Albion 14 17 23 23

CHILLINGWORTH MEWS 15 TCB House 11

28 25 1 12 24

21 PH BM 13.95m

PH LB ARTHUR STREET

2 2

79 79 22 22

27 11

6 6 11a 29

ROAD 35

136 19 15 Salvation Army

138 11 81 81 13 Church (Not to scale) 140 TRAM 19 PH ST MICHAEL’S20 SQUARE

11 39 14 14 85 85 36 36

83 83 1 OLD 25

2 2

15.5m 41 El

5 15 4 4 87 87

31 31 21 Sub Sta

38 43 7 7 37 ALBION ST. 9 CROMWELL STREET 39 12 24

152 18 37

13 Church LB 1

13.4m Club 8 BRUNSWICK SQUARE

1 4 3 25

14.3m 39 8 8

Surgery 14

97 97 2a 48

95 95 14 14 Tk 156 5 CR

WELLINGTON STREET 101 101

37a 37a 7

16 PH 2 Hall 51 16 47

1 39 39

105 105 Ward Bdy

18 15.8m 4 4 12 12 Def

19 107 107 18

1 13.7m 25 25a 60 Brunswick 10 27 31 33 Lawns 1 BELGRAVE ROAD Conservation area boundary

5 14.3m

47 47 20 20 PARK ROAD

7 BRUNSWICK SQUARE

22 22 45 4 4 115 115 11 14.3m 11a

119 119 Posts 47

117 117

25 25 Church 1 to 4 55 El Sub Sta 3 55

28 28 14.6m BM 14.17m Health Centre St Bartholomews Norfolk Mews

11 BRUNSWICK ROAD

11a 42 28a 28a BM 15.78m Church Garage Listed Buildings 21 Christ Church 1 TRIER WAY

SPA ROAD Montpellier Mews

2 2 25 29 29 3 NORFOLK27 STREET 12.8m Registry Monument 67 Office 63 14.9m 17 The Park 15.2mPARK ROAD Manse 19 El Sub Sta Hall MONTPELLIER MONTPELLIER El Hall Sub Sta 23 CR Health Posts BM 15.31m Montpellier Centre Club 27 Positive buildings House War 15.2m Ward Bdy 14.3m 13.7mMONTPELLIER 40 Memorial SPA ROAD ED Bdy El Sub Sta Aviary 29 1 Beaufort House BM 14.50m 31

Def 13 13 1 33 2

1 1 PEMBROKE STREET North Villas 9 Neutral buildings Cedar House El (Council Offices)

Sub Sta 14.0m 3

2a 2a 12.8m 3a

SOMERSET PLACE 2 2 Pavilion Bowling Spa Villas Bandstand Bowling Green Green

Beaufort Buildings MIDLAND ROAD

CR 6 7 16 1 LB 151 6

SPA ROAD

1 1 Lennox 6 6

Car Park Def BM 13.94m 2 FS MONTPELLIER

House 15.2m 1

10 10 6 6 8 8 153 2 BM 12.62m

7 7 Positive open spaces Vicarage ARCHIBALD STREET 153a

THE CHESTNUTS 12.2m 8

13 2 2

PO 7

8 8 23

157 Car Park 12 12

9 9 The Park PH 12 22 12.8m ED Bdy Focal buildings Park PC

CR 161 161 House

Pavilion 32 Bowling Green 13 1 165 165 BM 16.50m GOODYERE STREET

DINELY STREET

169 169

2a 2a 13 2 2

El Sub Sta 18 18

14 14 Works 37

25 Important tree groups 26 26

Spa Field CR 36 Spa Field (Cricket and Hockey Ground) Ward Bdy Playground

Sinks Path 23 23 Sud Brook TRIER WAY 1

24 24 FAULKNER STREET9 Important trees

Def

5 2 2

39 Monument 6

23 10 10

11 Def 12.5m 14.0m Issues 13 ED Bdy

15 TCB 29 29

27 14.6m 32 32

22 22 Important views

1 1 BM 15.14m TCB 36 Ward Bdy 1

40 40

30 30

30b 30b 2 2 TRIER WAY 34

CR 13

14 30a 30a PARK END ROAD REGENT STREET

13 30 17 12.8m 12

ROAD 31 Sinks

30b 22 22 54 54 15.2m BM 16.36m Negative buildings 31a

WESTON ROAD WESTON ROAD

13 13

2 2 31

31a 31a

Games Court BM 14.51m 32 ED Bdy 28 28

FB 31b

1 16 16 MIDLAND

St Paul's 13.1m Sud Brook 15.5m

Primary School 31 12.2m 40

13.7m

STROUD ROAD 68 12 12 LB 43 Ward Bdy

St Paul's (C of E Controlled) Tank 72 16.2m

Primary School 50 50 25 25 Traditional paving PH Club

2 2 25a 20 LB

38 38

27 27 52 52

11 11 CR 12.5m 84 13.4m 14.0m

45 1 26 26 2 2

135 BM 13.29m 124 96 96

BROOK STREET 19

123

112

19a 19a

12 12

109 109 CONDUIT STREET 111 100 39 15 12.8m NEW STREET

19 52

88 21

89 89 107 107 23 15.5m Hostel BM 14.44m 50

59 76 97 97 13.1m

40 40 31

108 108 CLIFTON ROAD 87 14.0m

13.1m ST PAUL’S ROAD BM 13.67m 62 22 reserved. Gloucester City Council

75 75 4

26 26 29 29

71 71 50

51 51 Licence No.100019169, 2006. 61 61

75 75 38 41 71 58

Def 13.1m 51 51 26 36

BM 14.33m LB 43

39 39 14

54 31

41 41 77 61

BM 13.61m 2

21 21 13.1m 3 1 63 63 5 1 Gloucester City Council

Policy, Design & T 01452 522232 Conservation F 01452 396668 Herbert Warehouse E [email protected] The Docks Minicom 01452 396161 Gloucester GL1 2EQ www.gloucester.gov.uk