Exam questions Year 5 and narcology General faculty BSMU (2019/2020)

Part 1

1. Object and task of psychiatry and narcology, their place among other medical disciplines. 2. : middle ages, 19th century, modern psychiatry. 3. Stigma of mental Illness. Central anti-psychiatry beliefs. 4. Frame of psychiatry: general psychopathology, age psychiatry, organizational psychiatry, judicial, psychopharmacotherapy, addictology (narcology), trans-cultural psychiatry, sexology, suicidology. 5. The methods of investigations in psychiatry. 6. The criteria of . Criteria of normality (Rosenhan and Seligman, 1984). 7. Biases that affect diagnoses: racial/ethnic, confirmation bias, institutionalization, reporting bias, cultural differences. 8. Classification in psychiatry, the most important classification categories. 9. Organic and functional disorders in psychiatry. Concepts of neurosis and . 10. Epidemiology of mental disorders. Prevalence of major psychiatric conditions. 11. Psychiatry examination. 12. Disturbances of perception: hallucinations, types of hallucinations. Pseudo-hallucinations. Circumstances and disorders associated with hallucinations. 13. Disturbances of perception: illusions, types of illusions. 14. Psycho-sensorial disturbances of perception: derealisation, dismorphophobia, methamorphopsias, and depersonalisation. 15. Disorders of mood (emotions): pathological affect, depression, mania, anhedonia, flattened affect, euphoria, emotional lability, inappropriate affect, phobias. 16. Disorders of volition: abulia, hypobulia, hiperbulia. 17. Quantitative disorders of thinking: pressure of thought, poverty of thought, thought blocking, perseverations, word salad, neologism, verbigeration, flight of ideas. 18. Qualitative disorders of thinking: delusions. Categories of delusions; de Clerambault syndrome, Cotard syndrome. Overvalued ideas. 19. Catatonic motor symptoms: stereotyped movements, waxy flexibility, posturing, negativism, stupor,echolalia and echopraxia. 20. Obsessive and compulsive phenomena. 21. Quantitative changes of memory: amnesia, hypomnesia, hypermnesia. 22. Qualitative changes of memory (paramnesias): confabulation, Korsakoff’s syndrome, criptomnesia, pseudoreminescence. 23. Quantitative changes of consciousness: somnolence, stupor, coma. Syncope, hypnosis. 24. Qualitative changes of consciousness: delirium, obnubilation. 25. Disorders of intellect: mental retardation, dementia. 26. Disorders of attention: hypoprosexia, hyperprosexia, paraprosexia. 27. Cognitive functions. Insight.

Part2

28. Fear. Pathological and normal anxiety. Panic attack. 29. Generalized anxiety disorder. Epidemiology, clinical features, treatment. 30. Panic attack: Epidemiology, clinical features. Agoraphobia. Prognosis, treatment. 31. Phobia. Social and specific phobias. Epidemiology, clinical features, treatment. 32. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Epidemiology. Prognosis. Clinical features. Therapeutical approaches. 33. Spectrum of mental responses to psychological trauma. Acute stress reaction. Symptoms, management. 34. Adjustment disorder. Symptoms, management. Pathological grief. 35. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): diagnostic criteria. Treatment of PTSD. 36. Somatization. Alexithymia. Somatization disorder: clinical features, treatment. 37. Dissociative disorder: clinical features, treatment. 38. Somatoform disorder: clinical features, treatment 39. Main definitions of suicidology: suicide, suicide attempt, indirect suicide, parasuicide, self- harm, suicidal gestures, suicidal ideation. Warning signs of suicide. 40. Theories of suicide (biological, psychological, social). Egoistic, altruistic, anomic, fatalistic types of suicide. 41. Risk factors of suicide. Protective factors. 42. Suicide risk on specific disorders. Interviewing the patient with risk of suicide, Things to do, common errors of suicide interventionists. 43. Personality disorders. Aetiology. Prognosis. Types of personality disorders. 44. Paranoid, schizoid, antisocial, borderline personality disorders. Management. 45. Histrionic, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, anxious personality disorders. Management. 46. : epidemiology, clinical features. Physical complications. Outcome. Treatment. 47. Bulimia nervosa: epidemiology, clinical features. Physical complications. Outcome. Treatment. 48. Sleeping disorders: clinical features, treatment. 49. Sexual dysfunction: clinical features, treatment.

Part 3

50. Schizophrenia: definition, epidemiology, aetiology. Neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia. 51. Diagnosis criteria of schizophrenia (ICD-10). Phases of schizophrenia (pre-morbid, prodromal phase, acute, residual). 52. Types of schizophrenia: simple, hebephrenic, catatonic, paranoid, undifferentiated, residual, postschizophrenic depression. 53. Differential diagnosis of schizophreni: organic syndrome (delirium, dementia), mood disorder, personality disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder. 54. Course and prognosis of schizophrenia. Predictors for poor outcome. 55. Treatment of Schizophrenia: medication, electroconvulsive (ECT), social treatment and rehabilitation. 56. Delusional disorder: symptoms, prognosis, treatment. 57. Mood disorders. Aethiology, risk factors. Epidemiology. Neurobiology of mood disorders. Unipolar and bipolar mood disorders. 58. Beck’s cognitive theory of depression. Course and prognosis of depression. Mortality. Common reasons for admission. 59. Depressive episode: clinical features, somatic symptoms. Depression with psychotic symptoms. Recurrent depressive episode. 60. Treatment of depression: medication, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), . 61. Dysthymia, seasonal affective disorder, cyclothymia. 62. Manic episode: clinical features. Mania with psychotic symptoms. Bipolar affective disorder. Treatment of bipolar disorder. 63. Perinatal psychiatry: postpartum blues, postpartum depression, postpartum psychosis. 64. Organic mental disorders. Aetiology. 65. Delirium: definition, clinical features, predisposing factors, aetiology, management. 66. Organic amnestic syndrome: diagnostic criteria. Wernicke’s encephalopathy, Korsakoff syndrome. 67. Psychiatric aspects of head injury: acute effects, chronic syndromes. 68. Psychiatric aspects of epilepsy: pre-ictal, ictal, post-ictal symptoms. Epileptic personality syndrome. 69. HIV/AIDS and psychiatry. HIV-associated dementia. 70. Neuropsychiatric aspects of CNS . 71. Vascular dementia: prevalence, clinical diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention. 72. Alzheimer’s disease: prevalence, clinical diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention. 73. Substance use disorders: substance abuse, (criteria). Psychological and physical withdrawal symptoms. 74. Substance-induced disorders (intoxication, withdrawal, delirium, dementia, mood and anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders). Psychoactive : classification. 75. Alcohol: symptoms of acute intoxication, withdrawal, delirium, dementia, Korsakoff amnestic syndrome. Treatment. 76. Barbiturates and other sleeping pills, tranquilizers: symptoms of acute intoxication, substance dependence, withdrawal. Treatment. 77. Cannabis: symptoms of acute intoxication, substance dependence, withdrawal. Treatment. 78. Opioids: symptoms of acute intoxication, substance dependence, withdrawal. Treatment. 79. Cocaine and other CNS stimulants: symptoms of acute intoxication, substance dependence, withdrawal. Treatment. 80. Mental retardation: classification, clinical features. Prognosis, menagment. 81. Autistic spectrum disorders. Autism. Clinical features. 82. Antipsychotics: mechanism of action, indications for use, side affects. 83. Antidepressants: mechanism of action, indications for use, side affects. 84. Tranquilizers: mechanism of action, indications for use, side affects. 85. Electroconvulsive therapy. Indications for use. 86. Anticonvulsants: mechanism of action, indications for use, side affects.

Head of the department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Skugarevsky O.A., MD, PhD

30.08.2019