August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20303 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS SPECIAL WARFARE ASSAULT roles. During the last decade, technology equipped with a relatively significant de­ CRAFT AND FORCES: AN has combined with geopolitical change, such structive capability in their surface-to-sur­ INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE as a new law of the sea regime, to propel a face missiles. These craft, however, are not proliferation of missile-armed fast patrol usually conceived to be employed in the craft around the globe. For the most part, rather specialized tasks associated with Spe­ HON. LARRY McDONALD these vessels are used for rountine patrol ac­ cial Warfare. ::>F GEORGIA tivities. In some cases, however, small naval The number of navies that actually design IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES craft are being developed for specialized or can adapt vessels for Special Warfare is tasks that, in some military confrontations actually quite small. Not surprisingly, they Tuesday, August 10, 1982 in the Third World especially, could spell are navies of nations with considerable e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, spe­ the difference between naval success and naval capabilities across the board, that are cial warfare units of the United King­ failure. It is this Special Warfare and its im­ concerned with the projection of naval dom played a crucial role in the Brit­ plications for naval technology that the re­ power, and/or that have the industrial re­ ish success in the Falklands. Since mainder of this essay is addressed. sources that can be devoted to such a spe­ Special Warfare is a limited, but danger­ cialized task. Vietnam, our own special warfare ous, activity. Those trained for Naval Spe­ units have been reduced and little cial Warfare are highly motivated and pre­ THE UNITED STATES notice has been given to them, except pared for unconventional military actions in In many ways, the United States has been for a brief flare of publicity over the and near hostile waters to reconnoiter and the leader in conceptualizing the require­ ill-fated rescue attempt in Iran. David clear beaches, blow up bridges, attach mines ments for Special Warfare from the naval Fitzgerald, himself a former SEAL, by swimmer attack to docked ships in perspective. Since its experience in Vietnam, enemy areas, and generally conduct direct in particular, the U.S. Navy has explored al­ has written an article on special war­ highly sensitive missions against an unsus­ ternatives for the conduct of these special­ fare that appeared in Military Tech­ pecting enemy. Most usually they are orga­ ized tasks. nology magazine for May 1982. In my nized into underwater demolition teams as The American experience has been based view, this type of warfare needs more frogmen or, in the U.S. case at least, into in part on its use of the PBR that was first introduced into South­ and Mr. Fitzgerald's article provides a It is important to understand what Spe­ east Asia in 1966. Designed for high speed good forum for discussion of the naval cial Warfare is not. By Special Warfare, one patrol of rivers in hotly contested areas, the aspects of special warfare. The article is not referring to amphibious assault, the PBR was heavily armed and crew areas were capability for forcible entry into hostile given additional protection with ceramic follows: areas from the sea by large numbers of ma­ armor. Extremely maneuverable, the PBR SPECIAL WARFARE ASSAULT CRAFT AND rines. Amphibious assault remains an impor­ combined a fiberglass reinforced hull with FORCES: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE tant naval mission and an amphibious capa­ pump jet propulsion so that it could operate straightforward; Special Warfare often uses ferred to South Vietnam with a few sent to Unaddressed as yet, however, have been deception and capitalizes on unique intelli­ Thailand. The Thais continue to use them some special military issues, one of which gence, equipment, and experienced person­ for duty on the Mekong River. In Vietnam, was dramatized by Francis Ford Coppola in nel. The difference can be seen in alterna­ however, the PBRs, totaling almost 300, are "Apocalypse Now," an updated rendition of tive plans that have been put forward for listed as "non-operational." Joseph Conrad's classic Heart of Darkness, the British recapture of the Falkland Is­ A second important development by the that is riverine warfare and special oper­ lands. Some have suggested an over-the­ U.S. Navy was the PB series, ations. While perhaps a sideshow of the beach assault by British marines to defeat the MK I version of which was constructed major conflict, the U.S. devoted significant entrenched Argentine troops. Others have by Sewart Seacraft of Beswick, Louisiana. assets to controlling the Mekong River with suggested first inserting special commando The MK III was constructed by Peterson somewhat greater success than in other squads of royal marines at night which Builders in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin. areas of the war. could engage in special operations to disrupt The 65-foot PB was designed to be a high The American experience with riverine Argentine capabilities prior to a British as­ speed weapons platform for naval inshore warfare in Vietnam is not so important as sault. warfare forces. Using a modular an aspect of that war, but it does hold some Special Warfare must also be distin­ design concept, the PB represents an ex­ significance in that it would well reflect an guished from the new tasks imposed on tremely flexible platform that could be used important dimension of naval warfare in the maritime forces as a consequence of the for a number of missions, especially in future. Although the British fleet has been changing maritime environment flowing rivers, harbors and coastal environments, al­ dispatched to the Falkland Islands in a from the establishment of 12-mile territorial though open sea performance would also naval exercise reminiscent of traditional waters, 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zones not be ruled out. Initial missions for which naval missions, the British effort in the and so on. Many countries of the world have the craft was designed included patrol, sur­ South Atlantic could well be the exception procured or are procuring a variety of small veillance, interdiction, fire support against to the rule in the future. If, as seems likely, attack craft to protect their newly found targets both ashore and afloat and insertion the majority of conflicts witnessed by the maritime resources from encroachment. extraction of NIW units. Future mission ca­ world during the next decade will be in There is also concern in some countries, es­ pabilities that were considered possible those of irregular warfare and in areas of pecially in the Third World, that they need when the craft was designed included ASW the globe defined as the Third World. Large some capability to protect themselves and mine-laying, detection of sweeping. scale naval encounters of the World War II­ against power projection by superpower The main deck of the all-aluminum craft variety, let alone Trafalgar, will not occur. navies or neighbors with relatively strong was reinforced to provide the capability for The most likely will be the use of smaller, naval capabilities. Consequently, the small these additional tasks once the appropriate unconventional naval forces in specialized craft that are being procured are often hardware systems became available. Other

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 20304 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 design features worthy of note are the low apply an IFF system developed for aircraft, are well over 100 tons displacement, demon­ silhouette, low radar cross section and low to use the latest DOD standard secure voice strating that the Soviet Union defines its acoustic noise levels to avoid detection and system and to install a new series of high re­ light forces more for the traditional role of reasonable stability in heavy seas that, to­ liability General Motors engines. coastal protection than any kind of Special gether with good communication and radar The SEAFOX represents the first major Warfare role. The widespread distribution capabilities, allows for all weather, day or development in the area of light naval of the ZHUK class patrol boats around the night operations. It is interesting to note forces that could be applied to Special War­ world and the experience with the SHMEL that in moving from the MK I to MK III fare since 1976-1977 when the Navy phased suggests that in the future the Soviet Union version, the pilot house was offset to star­ out its other small craft, such as Assault could move in that direction, if only to fill board to provide additional space for weap­ Support Patrol Boats and Swimmer Support out its naval capabilities. ons on the port side, thereby further en­ Craft. Clearly, the Navy does not apply to Little is known about the Soviet irregular hancing the craft's flexibility. the development of this kind of capability swimmer forces. However, training is A third vessel produced by the United as high a priority as it does to other mis­ thought to be comparable with that of their States with applicability in Special Warfare sions. U.S. counterparts. Moscow appears particu­ operations is the MINI Armored Troop Car­ Some critics contend that this position re­ larly interested in this type of investment as rier . for the insertion/extraction mission, al­ the United States and the balance of the 37 SEAFOX, the first of which was undergo­ though with two 14.5 mm guns and a 12.7 now in service were produced by the ing final testing in late 1981, has yet to mm gun it has some armament for the RAMTA division of the Israeli Aircraft In­ prove conculsively that it can meet these interdiction role. The ZHUK has been a dustries. Deployed in both the Mediterrane­ rigorous requirements. Nevertheless, it can popular export item for Moscow which has an and the Red Sea, the DABUR class boats meet its design reflects a variety of unique sent it to at least 10 countries since 1976. have been praised for their good rough features making it especially suited to spe­ These include Angola, Cuba, Iraq, Vietnam weather performance and the flexibility in cial warfare needs. Among these are the and both North and South Yemen among armaments of which there are several vari­ craft's dark grey finish to decrease detect­ others. ations. The DABUR can carry two 20 mm. ability at night, a tailgate for frogmen Another Soviet light vessel that might be guns or twin machine guns. It can also be egressing the stem when the craft is moving mentioned is the SHMEL class river patrol equipped with two launchers for MK. 48 at high speeds, and easily folding canopies craft. Built between 1967 and 1974, the torpedoes or depth charges. Some reports and removable hinged masts to facilitate SHMEL class boats measure 92 feet and dis­ also indicate that the vessel will be equipped transportability. The craft's .size <36 feet, 13 place 80 tons fully laden. They are attached with GABRIEL surface-to-surface missiles. ton displacement) should make it transport­ to the Black Sea and Pacific Fleets for river­ A particularly interesting feature of the able by air. ine operations on the Danube, Amur and DABUR class system is that it has been de­ SEAFOX has chalked up several "firsts" Usuri Rivers. They are also part of the signed for overland transport, suggesting a in its development. Among these are the Soviet Navy's flotilla in the Caspian Sea. flexibility in employment that dovetails fact that, in addition to being air-transport­ Most of the other naval vessels of the with Israel's emphasis on exploiting the able, SEAFOX is the first naval craft to Soviet Union usually classed as light forces maximum from limited resources. August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20305 It should be noted that in 1978 Israel "Our position statement, endorsed by so sions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides-espe­ transferred 4 DABUR class vessels to Argen­ many scientists, lends important weight to cially in the eastern U.S. where most tina. Israel has also been developing a some­ our contention that most knowledgeable sci­ sources and receptors are concentrated-by what larger version of the class and armed entists consider the evidence in support of an amount on the order of 50 percent. Since it with GABRIEL missiles. This DVORA acid rain control to be ample and compel­ control of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide class boat is 71 feet and 47 tons displace­ ling," said Dr. Jay D. Hair, executive vice emissions from new electrical generating ment. While it represents the smallest mis­ president of the NWF. plants would be insufficient to accomplish sile craft built thus far, its larger size and The NWF mailed the position statement this, restrictions on older plants must be standard armaments limits its flexibility to over 400 acid rain specialists in late May, considered. and potential for use in Special Warfare seeking their endorsement. Ninety-three Although gaps remain in our knowledge roles. Israeli special swimmer forces are an percent of those responding agreed to pub­ of acid precipitation and further research is elite group of highly trained men who have licly identify with the statement. Of those needed to fill these gaps, we the under­ perfected their warfare. who declined to sign the statement, many signed scientists believe that what is already Special Warfare from the naval perspec­ claimed to have a governmental affiliation known about acid deposition justifies and tive is a narrowly defined mission which that prevented them from taking a public requires immediate legislative steps to begin most navies of the world have little call to stand that contradicted their employing abating sulfur and nitrogen oxide emissions, seek. As a consequence, few naval platforms agency. Only seven took issue with the particularly in the eastern half of the are specifically designed to facilitate the statement's premise. United States. performance of tasks associated with Spe­ Scientists from the following states en­ dorsed the NWF statement: SCIENTIST SIGNERS OF ACID DEPOSITION cial Warfare such as small landings in hos­ STATEMENT tile territory of under circumstances intend­ Arizona 1 New Hampshire 3 ed to surprise the potential adversary. This California 5 New Jersey 2 Professor Quintus Fernando, University of is not to say that the myriad variety of Colorado 3 New Mexico 1 Arizona. patrol vessels and fast attack craft now in Connecticut 3 New York 12 Bruce R. Appel, Group Leader, California service with virtually all of the navies in the District of Columbia North Carolina 4 Dept. of Health Atmospheric Research. world could not be used for such missions 1 Ohio 3 Professor Robert E. Connick, University should specific circumstances dictate the Florida 5 Oregon 4 of California. need. Perhaps they could, but unless they Georgia 2 Pennsylvania 4 John Harte, Senior Scientist at U.C. are used with great creativity, these vessels Idaho 2 South Carolina 1 Berkeley. will not be as effective as craft, like the Illinois 4 Tennessee 1 C. Ray Thompson, Biochemist, University SEAFOX, designed specifically for that mis­ Indiana 1 Texas 2 of California. sion. It should not be surprising that in ad­ Kansas 1 Utah 1 W. Williams, Petalume, California's Black dition to the United States, which has had Kentucky 1 Vermont 1 Apple Institute. the resources to explore exploiting Special Maine4 Virginia4 Jill Baron, Bellevue, Colorado. Warfare, one country that seems to have Maryland 3 Washington 1 John Heasley, systems Ecologist, Colorado given some attention to the possibilities is Massachusetts 3 West Virginia 1 State University. Israel, a nation that has had to make up in Michigan 4 Wisconsin 2 Karl Zeller, FC-ERT-LSC, Fort Collins, innovative strategy and tactics what it lacks Minnesota 3 Wyoming 1 Colorado. in resources and physical miltary power. Mississippi 2 Meredith Colket, III, Ph.D., United Tech­ The other is the Soviet Union. Special War­ POSITION STATEMENT ON ACID DEPOSITION nologies in Conn. fare has been a neglected realm of military Overwhelming circumstantial evidence in­ Thomas G. Siccama, Forest Ecologist, combat in the last decade. Perhaps we could Yale at New Haven, Connecticut. learn a lesson from these two countries.e dicates that the primary cause of acid pre­ cipitation in the eastern United States is Hideo Okabe, Chemist, National Bureau fossil fuel emissions of sulfur and nitrogen of Standards. oxides. As these emission products are Professor Robert S. Braman, University of SCIENTISTS FROM 36 STATES South Florida. SEEK ACID RAIN CONTROLS transported by wind and air mass move­ ments, they are further oxidized into acidi­ Professor Patrick L. Brezonick, University fying compounds and hydrogen ions before of Florida at Gainesville. HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETT falling back to earth in either wet or dry Alistair C.D. Leslie, Oceanography, Flori­ OF CONNECTICUT form. da State Univ., at Tallahassee. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Acid deposition stresses aquatic ecosys­ Hans W. Rudolph, Project Manager, tems, particularly poorly buffered ones, and NASA at Kennedy Space Center, Fla. Tuesday, August 10, 1982 can kill sensitive plant and animal popula­ Curtis R. Jackson, Assoc. Director, Univer­ e Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. Speaker, I tions, either directly or by creating food web sity of Georgia Experiment Stat. insert for the RECORD a statement en­ imbalances. In addition, acid precipitation Professor Jack Winnick, Georgia Institute dorsed by 100 scientists from 36 States promotes the loss of soil nutrients and ca­ of Tech., at Atlanta. calling for acid rain controls. Their re­ tions in a manner which may be irreversible. Prof. Sherry 0. Farwell CNAS, 1981> and a pos­ Thomas W. Lester, Assoc. Professor, ing to the National Wildlife Federation, a sible even greater reduction in wet sulfate Kansas State Univ., Dept. of Nuclear Eng., leader in the ongoing debate over congres­ deposition CU.S.-Canada Work Group I, Manhattan, Kansas. sional reauthorization of the Clean Air Act. 1982). Although uncertainties regarding the Hugh T. Spencer, Sc.D., Professor of Env. The scientists have endorsed an NWF po­ kinetics of atmospheric transformation Eng., Univ. of Louisville. sition statement which concludes that con­ processes make precise predictions impossi­ Samuel S. Butcher, Bowdoin College. trol of acid rain-causing pollutants is called ble, it can be anticipated that a significant Ass't Prof. Chris. Cronan, University of for by existing scientific evidence. reduction in sulfur and nitrogen oxide emis­ Maine at Orono. The statement refutes the Reagan admin­ sions will produce significant reductions Maine at Orono. that further study is necessary before con­ in acid deposition. Stephen A. Norton, Chairman of Geo­ trol measures can be designed and imple­ Accordingly, a plausible acid rain control graphical Sciences, University of Maine at mented. strategy should seek to begin reducing emis- Orono. 20306 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 Prof. John W. Winchester, Florida State Arthur McKee, Instructor, Oregon State career of working long hours for no pay to University Oceanography Dept., Tallahas­ University, Blue River, Oregon. help make this county a better place to live see, Florida. James Pankow, Ass't Prof., Oregon Grad. for everyone. Robert D. Conkright, Maryland Geologi­ Center, Beaverton, Ore. He worked day and night for the Chilton cal Survey at Baltimore. Danny L. Rambo, Northrop Services, Inc., County Cattlemen's Association and has Dr. Fred Davis, Meteorologist, National Corvallis, Oregon. served the past several years as its presi­ Weather Service, Baltimore, Maryland. L. R. Archmoody, Northeastern Forest dent. He served on the state level as vice Charles L. Mulchi, Associate Prof., Univ. Exp. Stat., Warren, Pa. president of the Cattlemen's Association of Maryland Agronomy Dept.• College Park, Dr. John M. Skelly, Head, Penn. St. Plant and has served the past several years as its Maryland. Path, Dept. president. He served on the state level as Lyle E. Craker, Assoc. Prof., UMASS at Professor David Dewalle, Penn State vice president of the Cattlemen's Associa­ Amherst. Univ. tion and treasurer of the Alabama Beef Professor William A. Feder, Univ. of Mass. Wllliam F. Sharpe, Penn State Univ. Cattle Improvement Association as well as at Waltham. Prof. Ulysees S. Jones, Clemson Universi­ president of the Central Alabama Feeder Professor Michael B. McElroy, Harvard ty, Clemson, S.C. Calf Association. University, Cambridge, Mass. Raymond C. Matthews. National Park Prof. Paul 0. Fromm, Phystology Dept., Service, Gatlinburg, Tenn. He is immediate past president of the Michigan State Univ. Dr. A. Rachel Laird, New Braumfels, Chilton County Chamber of Commerce and Prof. Stephen G. Shetron, Michigan Tech­ Texas. was named Man of the Year in 1981 for his Ronald Matthews, Assistant Prof., Uni­ untiring efforts to improve the chamber and nological Univ.• Lanse, Michigan. attract new Jobs for the unemployed in this Douglas G. Sprugel . Forestry verrsity of TX, at Austin. county. Dept., Michigan State U. Prof. Gene L. Wooldridge, Utah State Donald H. Stedman India exploded nuclear ment services. OF CALIFORNIA devices while civilian nuclear power went United Kingdom officials felt that the from being nonexistent to well over 140,000 Carter nonproliferation policy convinced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES megawatts of capacity in 22 countries. In ad­ many nations that they could not rely on Tuesday, August 10, 1982 dition, for each of the five nuclear weapons the United States. They urged that the states, the explosion of their first nuclear United States distinguish between potential­ e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, weapon preceded the operation of their first ly real proliferation offenders and those on August 3, the Subcommittees on prototype commercial powerplant. who wish to pursue civilian nuclear power International Economic Policy and The historical record, then, does not sug­ programs-a position which I wholehearted­ Trade and International Security and gest a casual relationship between the ex­ ly endorse. I believe that if this Nation is to Scientific Affairs held a hearing on pansion of civilian nuclear power reactors maintain a major leadership role in the nu­ proposals to amend the Nuclear Non­ and the development of nuclear weapons. clear proliferation arena in the years ahead, prolifera ti on Act of 1978. Our col­ The reason for this is basic economics. It is we must adopt a genuinely selective ap­ league, the Honorable MARILYN L. relatively simple, and quick to produce and proach which distinguishes between our BouQUARD, appeared as a witness at extract nuclear weapons grade materials in friends and real proliferation risks. Coop­ small, specialized facilities. Constructing but eration, not denial, should be the main that hearing offering some valuable one civilian nuclear power reactor, however, thrust of our nonproliferation policy. insights into the issues facing the ad­ requires the expenditure of well over $1 bil­ Unfortunately, the NNPA enshrined into ministrations and this Congress on the lion as well as a considerable amount of law too much of the Carter approach, based subject of nuclear nonprolifera ti on. time to nurture and build a complex techno­ on the faulty premise that other nations I urge my colleagues to consider the logical infrastructure. would remain dependent indefinitely on thought-provoking comments of Mrs. While the historical record does give us U.S. nuclear assistance. A nonproliferation BOUQUARD. comfort, we must not, of course, allow it to strategy emphasizing technology denial The statement follows: make us overly sanguine concerning the which reduces confidence among importing future. Clearly, we all agree that we should states about access to nuclear materials and PREPARED STATEMENT OF MARILYN L. do what we can to minimize the risks of pro­ services will undoubtedly speed the develop­ BOUQUARD BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON liferation. Where we disagree, of course, is ment abroad of indigenous fuel cycle capa­ INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND SCIENTIFIC on the methods and techniques which bilities, including reprocessing. The NNP A, .AFFAIRS AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC should be employed to minimize these risks. while well-meaning, is flawed and in need of POLICY AND TRADE I have long been on the record as oppos­ improvement. Chairman Zablocki and Chairman ing the previous Administration's misguided I would like to conclude my remarks with Bingham, I want to thank you for the op­ and bankrupt approach to nuclear energy in what I propose should be done. As I stated portunity to testify before your Subcommit­ general, and to nuclear nonproliferation in earlier, I believe that the main thrust of our tees this first day of the House Committee particular. President Carter's April 1977 de­ nonproliferation policy should be coopera­ on Foreign Affairs' hearings to consider cision to postpone indefinitely the commer­ tion, not denial. I would recommend that amending the Nuclear Non-Proliferation cial reprocessing of spent fuel in the United the NNPA be amended to incorporate this Act and some not. As we are all Atomic Complex:" "an already declining ly the internationalization of reprocessing aware, controversy is particularly wide- American nuclear industry was to become and waste management to discourage the 20308 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · August 10, 1982 further development of indigenous national have the opportunity to achieve a genuinely the Virgin Islands has brought disciplined programs. Further, we must do all we can to selective approach which distinguishes be­ and devoted higher education to these strengthen the international safeguards tween our friends and such real prolifera­ shores. In its brief life, it has made an ear­ system. Finally, we must as a nation, recog­ tion risks as Pakistan and Iraq. nest contribution to our community. nize our obligations under article VI of the Sincerely, It has been like a fountain, each year pro­ Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear MARILYN L. BOUQUARD, viding our community with fresh young Weapons and vigorously pursue serious stra­ Chairman, Subcommittee on Energy minds, possessing new and exciting ideas. It tegic arms control negotial.ions. Moderation Research and Production.• has stood for academic excellence and intel­ of vertical proliferation would aid greatly in lectual honesty and maturity. It has played our efforts to control horizontal prolifera­ and will continue to play a most vital and vi­ tion. REMARKS OF ARIEL MELCHIOR, brant role here. I believe this set of recommendations SR,., AT THE COMMENCEMENT The college has provided us with scholars amounts to a sensible approach. Thank you EXERCISES OF THE COLLEGE when we most needed them; vision when it very much, Mr. Chairman, for this opportu­ OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS was required; and it has served as a cultural nity to express my views. center, enriching our lives through theater, concerts and art exhibits. CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, HON.CHARLESB.RANGEL me during many of my formative lies spanning three and four genera­ West German conservative MPs are press­ years. tions enjoying its lovely open spaces, ing for a Bonn investigation into claims that As a sports-minded young person in salt water air, and unsurpassed recre­ Russia was putting tens of thousands of po­ Suffield, Conn., I read the Springfield, ational facilities and programs. Open litical prisoners to work on the controversial Mass. Union, a morning newspaper. 10 months a year, the baths offers Siberian-West European natural gas pipe­ Ray Fitzgerald was their main sports dancing, entertainment, sports, nurs­ line. writer. ery, and day camp programs in addi­ One Christian Democratic MP, Herr Heinz Landre, said that the International He kept me interested in sports, per­ tion to swimming in three pools. Society for Human Rights has estimated haps kept me thinking more positively The baths is ably managed by Hy that 100,000 Russian prisoners sentenced to than I might have otherwise. Cohen, a remarkable and energetic terms of hard labour were working on the I feel good about those years. And, I man, who has seen to it over the years construction of the 3,500-mile pipeline, feel good about what Ray Fitzgerald that the baths plays an active role in which has been strongly opposed by Presi­ contributed to many of us in those the civic and charitable activities of dent Reagan. Herr Landre said the prisoners, the major­ years. More recently, I have read his the area. Hy has made the baths ac­ columns in the Boston Globe. I have cessible to numerous organizations for ity of whom were serving terms for political or religious reasons, were being housed in looked forward to them. fundraising activities and opened its primitive conditions in railway stock. To the end, Ray Fitzgerald remained doors to provide much needed recre­ H~ urged West German politicians, bank­ a breath of fresh air. ational opportunities for organizations ers and businessmen involved in the multi­ We will miss him greatly, even those like the Vacations and Community million proJ.ect-billed the largest-ever be­ of us who did not have the honor of Services to the Blind, so that they tween East and West-to take these facts knowing him personally. could provide several days or recrea­ into account. The article follows: tion activities for the elderly blind in APPEAL TO SCHMIDT [From the Boston Globe, August 4, 19821 the community. The baths has hosted In answer to a question from another Christian Democrat, MP, Frau Ingeborg RAY FITZGERALD, AT 55 ... WONDERFUL field days for children from local WRITER AND MAN public schools, provided free medical Hoffman, the Bonn Foreign Ministry said it screening to its members and even has not yet been able to find out definitely whether and how many political prisoners Globe sports columnist Ray Fitzgerald hosted State of Israel bond rallys. may have been put to work on the pipeline. died early yesterday in Brigham and The baths has been an integral part The Frankfurt-based human rights socie- Women's Hospital in Boston after a long ill­ of the shore front community for the ty said recently that civil rights activists in ness. He was 55. past 75 years and is indeed a communi­ the Soviet Union had informed the group During the last 16 years, the words of Ray ty institution of which we can all be that the prisoners were being forced to work Fitzgerald had been a fixture on the sports proud. Today I would like to take the on the pipeline in appall1ng conditions. pages of The Globe, to which he came from August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20311 the Westfield Advertiser, in 1966. He cov­ writer with the Schenectady Union-Star, tion 58, the balanced budget/tax limi­ ered virtually every sport for The Globe in working there from 1949 to 1951. He then tation constitutional amendment. that time, writing with versatility when as­ took a public relations job with the General signed to report events and, later, with a Electric Co. for two years before resuming It is encouraging that two-thirds of special flair and wit when, upon the retire­ his journalistic career with the Springfield the U.S. Senate rose above partisan­ ment of the veteran columnist Harold Union in 1953. In 1965, he left the Spring­ ship and agreed to this historic resolu­ Kaese in 1975, he moved into the lead col­ field paper to become part owner of the tion. Democrats and Republicans join­ umnist's chair. Westfield Advertiser, but he left that job a ing together have made a solemn com­ Said Globe sports editor Vince Doria of short time later to come to The Globe. mitment to the American people that Mr. Fitzgerald: "Anyone who has read The A graduate of Westfield High School in deficit spending must end. Globe sports pages over the years knows 1944, Mr. Fitzgerald excelled there in three It is imperative that the House move what a wonderful writer Ray Fitzgerald was. spo~-baseball, basketball and football. In swiftly to bring the balanced budget/ He was an equally wonderful man. He was a baseball, Mr. Fitzgerald starred as a left tremendous talent, yet he never let ego get handed pitcher-first baseman. In basketball, tax limitation amendment to the floor in the way. He couldn't say no to anyone. If he attracted attention as a good-shooting for full and fair debate. The Repre­ an aspiring journalism student sought his guard. And in football, he did a fine Job as a sentatives of the American people advice, Ray would make time for that stu­ defensive end. His baseball ability earned have an obligation to act promptly on dent. At the end of a bad day, you could for him a scholarship to Notre Dame. He Senate Joint Resolution 350. This bi­ always stop by Ray's desk, where his humor was graduated from there in 1949. partisan issue affecting all Americans would remind you that things could be In the immediate post-Notre Dame years, must be given a fair hearing by Repre­ worse. I'll miss his writing greatly, but I'll he and his wife, Barbara, concentrated on miss his friendship more." raising their lively family of two boys and sentatives of all the people.e Mr. Fitzgerald came to the Globe in 1966, two girls. A voracious reader, he put aside at the invitation of sports editor Jerry time for the books which, when money and NEW EXTRADITION Nason, with an assist from Ernie Roberts. time were so precious, filled his need to Roberts now executive sports editor, was re­ learn as much as he could about the world. LEGISLATION joining The Globe that spring after six In later years, when the young Fitzgeralds years in the Dartmouth College athletic de­ had gone their own ways, Ray and Barbara HON. BOB EDGAR partment. hit the road often, touring Ireland several OF PENNSYLVANIA "I was still in Hanover when I received a times and visiting classical sites in Greece. call one morning from Nason," Roberts re­ Relaxation meant activity for Mr. Fitzger­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES called. " 'Do you know a writer in Spring­ ald; a standout bowler and golfer through Tuesday, August 10, 1982 field named Fitzgerald? He's interested in a the years, he visited the lanes and the links job with us, preferably with your afternoon often with family and friends. e Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, I would sports page,' said Nason. Still, baseball remained his first love. In like to call to the attention of my col­ " 'sign Ray on as fast as possible,' I an­ the 1950s, he played professionally for two leagues some excerpts from an analy­ swered. 'Fitz is not only an exceptional years with Brattleboro in the Northern sis of new extradition legislation pre­ writer but an outstanding person and asset League before hanging up the spikes for pared by a group concerned about the to any paper.' We both arrived the same day good. Or so he thought. Some 10 years later, rights of Filipino dissidents in the and found The Globe closed by a strike. while he was working for the Springfield United States. In light of the fact that 'Figured,' said Ray with his crooked grin. Union, the urge returned and he joined the we will be considering the new bill­ 'It's April Fool's Day.' " semipro Holyoke Allies of the Twi-County H.R. 6046-in the House soon, and in Mr. Fitzgerald's desk always drew a crowd League for a brief time. In his first mound when he was in the office. He had both appearance he went the distance, and won. light of the upcoming visit of Philip­ humor and modesty, an unusual parlay His athletic talents surely were inherited pines President Marcos, I believe that among prominent columnists. He also had in great part from his father, Raymond this information is valuable. Members an Irish temper, most apparent when one of Fitzgerald, a minor league power hitter in should also be aware of the relation­ his lefthanded tee shots would fly into the the 1920s who played for teams in the East­ ship of this legislation with the United woods at Marshfield. On vintage Fitzgerald ern and International Leagues. The elder States-Philippine Extradition Treaty days his lefthanded driver shortly would Fitzgerald also played pro basketball during pending in the Senate. follow the golf ball. that era in the Interstate League. Ray Fitzgerald made a habit of winning Springfield Union executive sports NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO OPPOSE THE U.S.­ the Massachusetts Sportswriter of the Year editor Garry Brown, who for many years PHILIPPINE EXTRADITION TREATY Award, taking down the honor an unprecen­ worked alongside Mr. Fitzgerald, said he re­ THE STRUGGLE AGAINST REPRESSIVE dented 11 times in balloting by sportswriters members the late Globe columnists as "a EXTRADITION LEGISLATION: THE NEW PHASE throughout the state. good humor guy. We never had anyone here A brief study of the origins, purposes, and But what set Mr. Fitzgerald apart from with such a wit. He was so enjoyable to be provisions of the bill shows, that it carries most of his colleagues was his ability to with.'' substantial threats to constitutional rights laugh at himself. No crusader, he lived and Mr. Fitzgerald leaves his wife, Barbara S. and traditional judicial protections. worked to entertain his readers while re­

89-059 0-86-14 (pt. 15) 20312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 from doing the same. Its tactic was to paint litically unethical to have an extradition reaped by the WIC program. A 1979 the young Palestinian-who was dubiously agreement with a regime which has no inde- Havard University School of Public linked to a bombing incident in the West pendent judiciary and whose judicial pro- Health study demonstrated that every Bank in the twice recanted testimony of an ceedings amount to no more than kangaroo alleged accomplice-as a "terrorist" and courts employed to condemn political dis- dollar spent on WIC's prenatal compo- deny any political motivation or political senters-a fact documented by Amnesty nent alone results in a savings of $3 in context for the alleged offense. While it was International, the International Commis- averted medical costs for low birth­ successful in winning Ziad's extradition to sion of Jurists, the Task Force for Detain- weight babies. Treating low birth- Israel, the State Department was neverthe­ ees, and other human rights agencies. · h f irt · less frustrated by the fact that it took more The rationale for this concern as been weig t a ter b · h IS three times more than two years for the judicial process to aptly put by Republican Congressman expensive than preventing it through yield Ziad. James Jeffords of Vermont: WIC. 0 How H.R. 6046 makes extradition law more tr~~~: :;.:~iie!h;i~~~~e~~~~~~=e~~ ~he Departme~t of Agriculture, repressive y.s. that apply their laws in an equitable and _which IS now suggestmg that we sever­ An even cursory examination of H.R. 6046 consistent manner. If we did not, we would ly alter the WIC diet, has itself esti­ reveals that beneath the liberal rhetoric, create a repressive environment in our own mated a $450-million savings in avert- there is a radical move away from tradition­ country for those persons who want to ex- . . . al U.S. extradition practice. press openly a dissatisfaction with their ed hospital care required to brmg low- First, it contains a very restrictive defini­ country of origin.e birthweight babies up to normal tion of the political offense exception. Under the Hughes Bill, only "pure" political _}Ye_ight in fiscal year 1980 alone. USDA offenses like treason would qualify for the PRESERVE HEALTH AND NUTRI- further estimated that, at WIC's fiscal exception. "Relative" political offenses­ TIONAL ASPECTS OF THE WIC year 1980 program level, the Federal that is, crimes of violence committed in con­ nection with a political objective-are to be PROGRAM savings in medicaid, SSI, and special treated as common crimes. All such offenses education would be approximately would thus be extraditable, except under HON. GEORGE MILLER $260 million. If the program reached "extraordinary circumstances." OF CALIFORNIA all eligible pregnant women, the Fed­ This constitutes a dangerous abridgement IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral savings in aid programs would of the political offense exception, which has been traditionally regarded as one of the Tuesday, August 10, 1982 reach $600 million to $1.2 l?illion. virtues of U.S. extradition law. To give an e Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Why does this administration insist indication of how profoundly illiberal the Speaker, I am introducing legislation upon tampering with these repeatedly proposed restriction is, it should be pointed to protect one of our most effective proven successes? To please selected out that the House Bill would make extra­ programs, the special supplemental segments of the food industry? ditable nearly all the important leaders of feeding program. for women, infants liberation movements in the last 200 years­ and children-WIC-from an assault My resolution requires that, before persons like George Washington, William Connolly of Ireland, Garibaldi of Italy, by the U.S. Department of Agricul- proposing changes in the WIC food Simon Bolivar of Latin America, Bernardo ture. Sixty-two of my colleagues have package, the Secretary of Agriculture O'Higgins of Chile, Jose Marti of Cuba, joined me in seeking to maintain the make a finding that the proposed Andres Bonifacio of the Philippines, to WIC program's proven success. changes will be beneficial to the name but a few. Elimination of the concept No one in this congress will forget health and nutritional status of WIC of relative political offense institutionalizes USDA's planned alchemy to convert participants. This finding, together a bias against members of freedom and inde­ ketchup into a vegetable in school with supporting evidence, must be sub­ pendence movements-movements which almost invariably involve widespread vio­ meal programs. This year, the same mitted to the Congress before any lence against repressive regimes. administration is considering a new such changes are made. H.R. 6046 and the U.S.-Philippine proposal to weaken safe~uards for low- We in Congress cannot afford to sit Extradition Treaty income pregnant women and infants idly by and watch the erosion of the With the likely passage of H.R. 6046, the at risk of retardation and birth de- WIC program by administrative fiat. State Department is now floating the line f ects. Senator Hubert Humphrey and I that the U.S. Philippines Extradition The administration's proposals i Treaty-with the Hughes Bill's key provi­ would erode the high-protein food wrote the legislat on to extend this sion incorporated into it-is now acceptable. package which supplements the diet of program in 1975 in response to testi- As Rep. Hughes has recently revealed, "The mony from the March of Dimes and 2.2 million vulnerable pregnant, post- other health groups that this country Administration has indicated to me infor­ partum and breast-feeding women, in- mally that in the event that the House ver­ fants and children who have been cer- had the knowledge and skills to pre- sion of the Extradition Reform Act passes that the proposed extradition treaty with tified by health professionals to be at vent retardation and birth defects. We the Philippines will not be submitted until nutritional risk. now have evaluations of WIC which the decisionmaking authority on the politi­ Why should we tam.per with, or pos- show clear and dramatic results in im­ cal offense question has been changed to sibly undermine, such a tremendously proving children's chances for healthy preserve the vote of the Courts". successful program? The successes and development, saving lives and saving However, the reality we are in fact con­ cost-effectiveness of the WIC program money. The WIC program represents fronted with is that H.R. 6046, though re­ have been am.ply documented by repu- one of those rare moments in the Con­ serving nominal authority over the excep­ tion for the courts, virtually emasculates it table governmental and private stud- gress when we design something to re­ by severely restricting its application. This ies. spond to a serious problem in the makes it all the more imperative, then, to Last year, the Massachusetts State country, and the program actually oppose the ratification of the Philippine Health Department completed a study works in solving the problem. In fact, Treaty and other treaties-particularly of 12,000 WIC participants which its successes have far exceeded even those with repressive regimes, since their showed that the WIC program signifi- our best hopes. application will be guided by new laws cantly decreases the mortality rate of - . which shall have essentially obliterated a newborns by increasing infant birth- I urge you to Join me in cosponsor- traditional and vital keystone of U.S. extra­ eight. Low birthweight is currently ing legislation to preserve and contin­ dition practice. the eighth leading cause of death in ue the health and nutritional benefits More important, however, the opposition to the U.S.-Philippine Extradition Treaty the United States. A low birthweight of the WIC program, and to send a has never been solely-or even principally­ infant is 20 times more likely to die message to the USDA that Congress based on the issue of who has jurisdiction than a normal birthweight infant. will not stand for unnecessary and de- over the political offense exception. A more This large-scale study follows others structive tampering with this proven, vital concern has been the fact that it is po- which have indicated the savings cost-effective program. August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20313 H.J. RES. 567 Mr. Ford of Michigan, Mr. Frank, Mr. Guar­ protection because of obstacles on the path Joint resolution concerning changes in regu­ ini, Mr. Harkin, and Mr. Hoyer, to market. The drug companies complain lations for the special supplemental food Also, Mr. Hughes, Mr. Kastenmeier, Mrs. that Government delays hold them back. program for women, infants, and children Kennelly, Mr. Kildee, Mr. Lantos, Mr. But the bills that have passed both Senate of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 Lehman, Mr. Lowry of Washington, Mr. and House committees grant an extension Whereas the Special Supplemental Food McDade, Mr. McHugh, Mr. Matsui, Ms. Mi­ that goes far beyond any delay attributable Program for Women, Infants, and Children kulski, Mr. Mineta, Mr. Moffett, Mr. Ober­ to Government review. was created to prevent occurrence of star, Mr. Ottinger, Mr. Patterson, Mr. The companies also contend that reduced health problems and improve the health Pepper, Mr. Perkins, Mr. Peyser, Mr. Rich­ patent life has discouraged investment in re­ status of pregnant, post-partum and breast­ mond, Mr. Rodino, and Mr. Roybal, search and development. But figures from feeding women, infants and young children Also, Mr. Scheuer, Mrs. Schneider, Mrs. the technology assessment office show that from families with inadequate income who Schroeder, Mr. Shamansky, Mr. Simon, Mr. the industry's investment in R & D has in­ are at special risk to their physical and Solarz, Mr. Stark, Mr. Stokes, Mr. Studds, creased every year from 1965 to 1978, and mental health by reason of inadequate nu­ Mr. Vento, Mr. Walgren, Mr. Washington, has remained a strikingly constant percent­ trition or health care, or both; Mr. Weiss, Mr. Wirth, Mr. Wyden, and Mr. age of sales. There is no proof that the Whereas repeated evaluations of the WIC Yates.e windfall profits from a patent extension program by the United States Department would in fact be plowed back into research. of Agriculture, the Center for Disease Con­ Even if research were in decline, Congress trol, State public health departments and AN UNWARRANTED PATENT has many other means, like tax incentives university schools of medicine and public STRETCH to reverse it. health have demonstrated that participa­ The pharmaceutical industry is efficient, tion in the WIC program has decreased HON. ALBERT GORE, JR. profitable and healthy. It has no demon­ strable need for any special break. The infant mortality rates, decreased the inci­ OF TENNESSEE dence of low birth-weight babies The Secretary of Agriculture common practice of "evergreening"-filing a al involvement and billions of dollars shall make a finding that any changes sub­ patent application early, so as to beat any have not noticeably affected chronic sequent to enactment of this resolution in rival, but then filing new applications that unemployment. This does not mean rules governing supplemental foods provid­ modify or extend the original to postpone that we cannot affect it; it simply ed to WIC participants shall be beneficial to the time at which patent life actually starts. means that our efforts to date have the nutritional status of those participants; For example, the original patent for the failed and it is time for a change. The and tranquilizer Valium was first filed in 1959 Job Training Partnership Act em­ Such finding, and any supporting doc­ and gained the Food and Drug administra­ bodies that change. umentation, made pursuant to subsection tion's market approval in 1963. But because shall be submitted to the Committee on of a series of renewed applications, as well On September 30, the CETA man­ Education and Labor of the House of Repre­ as a rival claim, the patent was not issued power and training program will sentatives and the Committee on Agricul­ until 1968. When it expires in 1985, the drug expire. Passage of this new legislation, ture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate will have enjoyed 22 years of protection. H.R. 5320, represents a profound at least 14 days prior to issuance of pro­ The eight best-selling drugs in the United effort to eliminate what went wrong posed rules in the Federal Register. States in 1980 enjoyed an exceedingly with CETA and to maintain the sub­ SEc. 3. The Secretary of Agriculture shall healthy average patent life of 15.1 years, ac­ programs which succeeded. This legis­ implement the rule effective on November cording to statistics kept at the Office of lation is truly a job training measure, 12, 1980, concerning supplemental foods Technology Assessment. Even when a made available under the Special Supple­ brand-name drug comes off patent, compa­ not a public works job creation bill for mental Food Program for Women, Infants nies can still protect its market share by ad­ local governments. A program that fo­ and Children , no later than Decem­ vertising; one study of off-patent drugs cuses on short-term placement of ber 31, 1982. showed that half retained a 97 percent people in dead-end jobs is of less value market share against companies selling the to the individual and society than one COSPONSORS FOR "W!C RESOLUTION" identical chemical under different names that takes somewhat longer, but pre­ Mr. Barnes, Mr. Bedell, Mr. Beilenson, Mr. The industry contends that effective pares the individual for jobs with a Biaggi, Mr. Bingham, Mrs. Boggs, Mr. patent life time has been dropping, from 14 future. Boland, Mr. Bonior of Michigan, Mr. Brod­ years for pre-1965 patents to 10 years or less head, Mr. John L. Burton, Mr. Corrada, Mr. for those now being issued. But the law did The principles and values in the Job Dellums, Mr. Downey, Mr. Edgar, Mr. Ed­ not intend to guarantee every inventor a Training Partnership Act first repre­ wards of California, Mr. Fauntroy, Ms. Fer­ clear 17 years of market monopoly. Many sent a new trust in the decisions of raro, Mr. Foglietta, Mr. Ford of Tennessee, inventions, not Just drugs, enjoy less patent local and State officeholders, and less 20314 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 Federal involvement. Although we education leaders in Nebraska have tions to improve U.S. capabilities to could have gone even further in this been to my offices telling me that they understand and act on global resource regard; this increased recognition in are willing and wanting to contribute problems. the abilities of local officials to define in this partnership. The Job Training I am pleased that some Members of their own local problems and local Partnership Act involves the educa­ Congress are acting in spite of the atti­ needs is itseU a long-needed improve­ tion community, and I look forward to tude of the administration. Our col­ ment. In the past, local governmental their input. league from Massachusetts, Mr. MAv­ units have been responsible for devel­ Fourth, it represents less tolerance ROULES, has introduced a House con­ oping employment programs for their for those who are feeding at the Fed­ current resolution which would ad­ labor market areas without a great eral trough, and more compassion for dress some of these issues, including deal of coordination at the State level. those who truly want to be trained for the need for foresight in the manage­ Very little was done to develop link­ future, nonsubsidized, private employ­ ment of national resources. Similar ages between local prime sponsors ment. legislation has been introduced in the within the State; to develop a compre­ Fifth, it represents a Federal pro­ other body. hensive plan to match available work­ gram which finally is results oriented, As the following essay by Dr. Russell ers with available jobs in other parts rather than procedure oriented. Ac­ Peterson, one of the leading advocates of the State, and to retain skilled countability is built right into the leg­ of a Global 2000 perspective, describes, workers who have been displaced be­ islation. Performance standards will be we can hardly act too soon. cause of changing conditions in the set up. A program's effectiveness will The article follows: economy. be measured by the increase in earn­ [From the Christian Science Monitor, July Second, they represent a new trust ings, the reductions in cash weliare 29, 1982] in the contributions which local busi­ payments or the placement of partici­ nessmen and women can make in this pants in private employment. SEEING TOMORROW'S WORLD TODAY effort. Eighty-five percent of available And sixth, it represents the knowl­ (By Russell W. Peterson> jobs are in the private sector, and pri­ edge that huge administrative over­ In this day and age, it is inexcusable that vate employers already are spending heads will no longer be tolerated by the US federal government does not have an $40 to $100 billion annually on train­ this Congress. We have restricted the organized and coordinated "foresight capa­ ing activities. The House of Represent­ bility" to aid policymakers in understanding percentage of Federal funds which can the global population, resource, and envi­ atives has used this opportunity to en­ be utilized for this purpose to assure ronmental trends that shape the world in large the role played by private enter­ that the moneys get funneled for the which we exist. prise and enlist the experienced execu­ purpose for which the program is in­ The United States and its leaders are tives who expend these dollars from tended-job training of disadvantaged beset by crises which cannot be understood, the very start. The improvement of and displaced workers. much less resolved, without an appreciation skills and abilities of our labor force is The Job Training Partnership Act of their causes beyond our borders and their an enormous task-a task in which represents a new kind of Federal pro­ consequences beyond the next decade or many sectors of our economy must even the next election. Yet, if anything, gram; one that gives Americans a since the "Global 2000 Report to the Presi­ play an active role. The primary role, handup, rather than a handout. It rep­ dent" two years ago first documented the by necessity, belongs to private enter­ resents the faith we should have in federal government's lack of foresight capa­ prise and Congress must insure that local officials and local business lead­ bility, the situation has deteriorated. Government policies do not inhibit ers in solving local problems, and it In its simplest terms, foresight capability private investment training. Since the holds them accountable to do what is a matter of sound data, coordinated pro­ intended outcome of training is in fact they say they will do. Although fur­ jections of global trends, analysis of their an unsubsidized job in the private ther steps at improvement could still interactions, and informed policymaking. sector, it is time that we involve these be taken, I am confident that this Based on the work of the 13 federal agen­ employers in decisions which will be cies and departments which went into the marks the beginning of a better, more preparation of "Global 2000," the Council mea.nipgful to them and to our nation­ humane approach to the serious prob­ on Environmental Quality and the al economy years from now. lem of unemployment in America.e State Department concluded that "the exec­ Third, they represent a recognition utive agencies of the US government are not of the fact that our Nation's educa­ now capable to presenting the President tional system can also be an effective PROVIDING VISION FOR with internally consistent projections of partner in the effort to help our GOVERNMENT world trends ... for the next two decades." young people become employable. In Just what does this mean for US policy­ June 1982, youth unemployment was HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. making? Misinformation and misperception. at 19.2 percent, with black unemploy­ For example, the health of the economy, OF CALIFORNIA at home and abroad, is currently the most ment at 52.6 percent. To allow these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES statistics to go unnoticed would be to politically pressing problem in the U.S. Yet Tuesday, August 10, 1982 at a time when our economic interdepend­ continue to relegate an entire genera­ ence with other countries is greater than tion to low productivity and dependen­ e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. ever • Among its soldier-patriots were Rangers Group" chaired by CEQ has thus far failed who had marched to Boston with Dan to respond substantively to even the prob­ Morgan of Virginia-clad in buckskin, their lems of technical coordination so basic to THE 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF long rifles and aimed fire made the differ­ providing useful foresight capability. I know THE ORDER OF PURPLE HEART ence at Saratoga. of no instance in which the President per­ The great marbleheaders, watermen from sonally has used his office to call attention New England, who not only rowed Washing­ to this problem. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN ton across the Delaware to attack Trenton, Such setbacks are totally out of sync with OF NEW YORK but with their seafaring skills had saved his growing public interest, both at home and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Army at Manhattan. abroad. Since the publication of "Global Some had marched in sleet and snow to 2000," countries such as Japan, Canada and Tuesday, August 10, 1982 Valley Forge in '77, and through sheer will Mexico have begun their own Global 2000 • Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, last Sat­ survived the terrible winter. A historian inquiries. In the U.S., 56 separate organiza­ urday, August 7, 1982, was a glorious wrote: tions, including the National Audubon Soci­ day in the Mid Hudson Valley of New "Nothing much happened in the lines at ety, the League of Women Voters, the Over­ Valley Forge. Men simply set their teeth seas Development Council, and the Planned York, and for our Nation. and stayed alive and thus kept alive the Parenthood Federation of America, have Two hundred years prior to that Army which was the active expression of Joined together in the new Global Tomor­ day, General George Washington, their cause, quite unaware of the deep glory row Coalition to call attention precisely to Commander-in-Chief of the Revolu­ of what they did there." the need for understanding global interde­ tionary forces, created and presented One of those who suffered by the camp­ pendence. Their initial action supported the first "Badge of Merit" for valorous fires at Valley Forge was a young officer unanimously has been to call out for the service to the American cause. named John Marshall who would one day creation in the Executive Office of the This badge, a heart-shaped purple become the Chief Justice of the Republic he President of "an improved capacity to co­ fought to establish. ordinate and analyze data collected by fed­ insignia, later became one of the most Another Valley Forge officer was a 20- eral agencies and other pertinent sources on famous and most honored military year old Major from Virginia who had the long-term interactions of trends in pop­ decoration in the U.S. military • • • crossed the Delaware with Washington­ ulation, resources, and environment-and the order of the Purple Heart. was severely wounded at Trenton leading a their relationship to social and economic de­ The "Purple Heart" was founded by reconnaissance unit. History knows him velopment." General Washington while he was better as James Monroe, the Fifth President Clearly, this is not a question of govern­ headquartered in Newburgh, N.Y., of the United States. ment "planning for the world." It is the overlooking the majestic Hudson These were tough, lean, combat-trained question of whether the right hand of the veterans who had marched from Canada to government knows what the left is doing. River, with its breathtaking view of Georgia and crossed the Hudson, the Dela­ That requires central coordination and com­ that river winding its way through the ware, the Susquehanna, Potomac, the munication, backed up by commitments to Highland Mountains. James, the Rappahannock and the Dan. improve agency resources and educate offi­ Last weekend, the National officers Many had felt the pain of shrapnel-some cials on a regular basis. Congress has begun and members of the Military Order of had wept bitterly as they searched a battle­ to explore the issue of foresight capability­ the Purple Heart held ceremonies at field in late evening for the body of a broth­ reports on government computer projec­ Washington's Headquarters in New­ er or a close friend. They had known the de­ tions are being prepared; House hearings burgh marking this Bicentennial occa­ spair of being out-numbered, out-equipped, have examined the problem conceptually; out-clothed, barely fed and rarely paid. and three bills touch upon it legislatively. sion. It was further commemorated by Yet in the ranks of these Regiments were In the Senate, S. 1771 includes among its the issuance of an embossed envelope men who in silent formation stood on York­ requirements an interagency Council on by the Postal Service honoring the town's Surrender Field and watched Corn­ Global Resources, Environment, and Popu­ Purple Heart and the brave defenders wallis' soldiers lay down their arms. lation, to be chaired by CEQ and funded by of our freedom who have received this They were the victors. the member departments. It would coordi­ badge of merit. In the hour glass of history, over seven nate agencies' biennial production of long­ At the Washington Headquarters years of war had run. The sands of time: term projections of global population, re­ ceremonies, I had the honor of intro­ Had seen the lanterns hung from the stee­ source, and environment trends; encourage ple of Old North Church. their analysis, particularly in light of cur­ ducing as keynote speaker our former Saw fired the shot heard round the rent policy; and report regularly to Con­ colleague, the Secretary of the Army world-whose sound echoes into the 20th gress on these efforts. The fact that this bill John 0. Marsh, Jr., whose remarks century. is authored by Sen. Mark Hatfield and co­ were so impressive that I would like to Saw drafted and signed a Declaration of sponsored by such senators as Charles Ma­ take this opportunity to share his Independence. thias, Slade Gorton, Alan Cranston, and Bill words of inspiration with my col­ Saw created an Army, a Navy and Marine Bradley is proof of serious congressional leagues. Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I Corps. concern about foresight capability. ask that Secretary Marsh's speech be Saw forged an alliance with France. The time for action is now. S. 1771 is Saw come together a fledgling Nation pending before the Governmental Affairs inserted at this point in the RECORD: under the Articles of Confederation. Committee, chaired by Sen. William Roth REMARKS BY THE HONORABLE JOHN 0. MARSH, Here on the banks of the Hudson, in the whose experience with the problems and re­ JR., SECRETARY OF THE ARMY Highlands of New York, near the Tappan lations of federal, state and local govern­ Two centuries ago this day, our War for Zee, close to the Palisades and the legends ments should be helpful in focusing on the Independence was in its twilight days. of Sleepy Hollow, it is hard to imagine that problems that permeate and plague the Past was Valley Forge and Saratoga, 200 years ago this was the bitter ground­ global community. The Governmental Af- behind was Cowpens, Trenton and Ticonder- torn between patriot and loyalist, where old 20316 EXTEN3IONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 and new allegiances divided families and de­ Referring to the Battle of Agincourt, Shake­ controls aimed at reducing acid rain, stroyed friendships. speare wrote: are now studying the feasibility of For an infant nation that nearly died "We few, we happy few, we band of broth­ aborning, these grains in the hour glass of ers; purchasing power from Canada. A time were not sand-they were gold. For he today that sheds his blood with me number of coal conversion plans have Moments of our national greatness were Shall be my brother." been dropped and a few of these utili­ expressed in documents and in deeds-in the Those who wear the Purple Heart belong ties may be forced to buy Canadian political courage of statesmen, and the sac­ to an American Brotherhood. power. rifices of those who bore arms for their Let us remember that freedom is never The chief economic beneficiary of an country. free. It is one thing to declare independence, acid rain control program would be Shakespeare wrote that "all the world's a it is another to achieve it. The last line of the Declaration is a pledge Hydro-Quebec's James Bay Hydro stage ... " Across the stage of the Ameri­ Complex now under construction in can Revolution marched a host of Ameri­ that was kept through the efforts of a com­ cans who changed forever the human expe­ paratively few people in order that promises Canada. It is my understanding that rience. of Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happi­ this project of approximately 5,000 Near the western reaches of the American ness would have meaning. That line reads: megawatts would have excess capacity frontier-hardly a backwater to the parlor "And for the support of this declaration, and the firm is aggressively marketing society of Western Europe-Newburgh, 200 with a firm reliance on the protection of this capacity in the Northeastern years ago was at the center of this drama. divine providence, we mutually pledge to region of the United States. Here had come into confluence both duty each other our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor." Boston Edison, for one, may consider and tribute. A duty to recognize the deeds the purchase of Canadian hydro of the enlisted solider to achieve the decla­ This pledge was kept by a small and gal­ ration's promises of Life, Liberty, and the lant Army whose sacrifices gave us freedom power as a means to reduce oil con­ Pursuit of Happiness, and a tribute to his and independence. sumption. The United lliuminating valor. Your Army will keep it today. Co. is also expressing an interest in The Revolution had its Valhalla of heroes If we all so dedicate ourselves, we shall Canadian power. And, it is my under­ and warriors-Washington, Green, Wayne, ensure that 100 years hence our country­ standing that the Maine Public Utility Dan Morgan, Ethan Allen, Knox, Nathan men will again assemble at Newburgh to Commission is giving favorable re­ Hale and Marion, the Swamp Fox-but, in honor those who bear the wounds of battle for their service to America.e sponse to a New England Power Pool this, as in all wars, they are won by the purchase agreement for 690 mw of Ca­ combat soldier who bears the brunt of nadian power from Hydro Quebec. battle. Unsung, they were then, and still CANADA IS THE ECONOMIC are, the anonymous heroes of freedom. Central Main Power Co. would receive This Bicentennial Ceremony marks a tra­ BENEFICIARY OF ACID RAIN a portion of this imported power. dition that began with American arms to Mr. Speaker, while these activities give a place of honor to those who marched HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II are taking place there is evidence that in the ranks and served with uncommon OF WEST VIRGINIA at least one major source of pollution valor. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in Canada, Ontario Hydro, is backing It is fitting that in an Army of a free Tuesday, August 10, 1982 away from plans to install acid rain people purple should be the color of this controls. According to a report sent to decoration. It is the symbol of royalty. It de­ e Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, recent­ my office by the chairman of the Sub­ noted that among the brave and courageous ly, information has come to my atten­ there is an equality that bears no relation­ committee on Acid Rain in the Canadi­ ship to rank or station. tion which casts a shadow over much an House of Commons in September The event we commemorate today con­ of the Canadian Government's efforts 1981, entitled "Still Waters: The Chill­ firms the debt we owe to really just a few to see that an acid rain control pro­ ing Reality of Acid Rain," emissions people. So it has often been in times of gram is initiated in this country. Ever from Ontario Hydro can produce acid great national trial. Washington's army in since the Congress began work on the rain in parts of the United States. The Newburgh was barely more than 12,000 sol­ reauthorization of the Clean Air Act, subcommittee in its report applauded diers. Our infant Navy and Marine Corps my office has been bombarded with re­ were only a hand full when compared to "the decision by the corporation to their counterparts in the great powers of ports, studies, and letters from Canadi­ effect an emission reduction of more the world. an Government officials outlining en­ than 40 percent by 1990. We believe, Three soldiers of the Continental Line vironmental horrors of acid rain and however, that even greater reductions were to win this decoration. All had served calling for mitigating actions. in emissions are feasible and afford­ for more than seven years. All were ser­ However, these entreaties are sus­ able." Nonetheless, according to a geants-all were from Connecticut. We pect, and I am beginning to believe statement made in the Canadian should call their names this day. they are founded in economic rather House of Commons by a Member from Sergeant Elijah Churchill, of the 8th Con­ than environmental concerns. Hillsborough on July 22, 1982: "Earlier necticut and 2d Continental Light Dra­ A number of electric utilities in New goons, cited for gallantry in action at Fort this week Ontario Hydro announced St. George, Coran and Tarrytown, New England are continuing with efforts to that is is going to shelve plans to in­ York. reduce oil consumption in keeping stall acid rain controls on its plants in Sergeant William Brown, 5th and 8th with the national goal of increasing Ontario." Connecticut Regiments for gallantry in the energy independence from foreign This information in my mind under­ night bayonet assault on Redoubt 10, York­ suppliers. Many of the utilities are mines the concerns of the Canadians town, Virginia, October 14th, 1781. considering converting oil boilers to over the impacts of acid rain for envi­ Sergeant Daniel Bissel, Jr., of the 8th, 5th coal produced in Pennsylvania, West ronmental reasons. There is more to and 2d Connecticut Regiments, for his suc­ Virginia, and Kentucky. Indeed, Con­ cessful and courageous action in a clandes­ the acid rain story, Mr. Speaker, than tine intelligence operation behind enemy solidated Edison of New York is in the the Canadians are telling us.e lines in New York City, upon the request of process of trying to convert its Arthur the Commander-in-Chief. Kill 2 and 3 and Ravenswood 3 units A half century ago, as a part of the com­ to coal. United Illuminating Co. is on INHERITANCE TAX RELIEF FOR memoration of the 200th anniversary of schedule in the conversion of its CONSERVATION FARMERS Washington's birth, this Revolutionary Bridgeport Harbor 3 unit to coal, Cen­ award was designated the Purple Heart. It tral Maine Power Co. is considering HON. COOPER EV ANS has since been presented to those in the plans to convert three small units to Armed Forces of our country who have re- OF IOWA coal, and Boston Edison is contemplat­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ceived wounds in battle. ing a number of coal conversions to In honoring these three sergeants of Con­ Tuesday, August 10, 1982 necticut, we pay tribute to the tens of thou­ name a few. sands of our fellow countrymen who have Yet some of these same utilities, e Mr. EVANS of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, in suffered and sacrificed for this great Nation. under the threat of new and costly order to provide an inducement, in ad- August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20317 dition to those that presently exist, almost 4 years to be reunited with PARRIS JOINS WITH PRINCE and to install and maintain conserva- their son Leonid, who lives in Brook­ WILLIAM RESIDENTS IN EX­ tion practices which will protect the line, Mass. His parents live 9,000 miles TENDING ROYAL INVITATION soil from the ravages of soil erosion, I away in Leningrad, and they have am introducing legislation which been denied exit visas since they first would exclude from Federal estate tax applied to leave almost 4 years ago. HON. STAN PARRIS 50 percent of the value of farmland on Now 35 years old, Leonid was allowed OF VIRGINIA which there was no significant degra- to leave the Soviet Union in 1978 after IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dation of agricultural productivity in his 16-day hunger strike embarrassed each of the 5 years prior to the death Soviet authorities into granting him Tuesday, August 10, 1982 of the owner. an exit visa. Unfortunately, the Sovi- The problem our Nation faces with •Mr. PARRIS. Mr. Speaker, I would respect to the deterioration of our ets have denied that same right to his t o d ay like to commend the Board of land resources in more than a passing parents. County Supervisors, the governing one. It has tremendous long-term im- Since March 1981, I have been in body of Prince William County, Va., plications for our ability both to meet contact with Dr. Sergey Chetverikov, on their congratulatory and thought­ the food needs of people around the Counselor of the Soviet Embassy, ful recognition of the birth of Prince world and to contribute to a favorable urging that his government grant exit Willam, the Prince of Wales. balance of trade for the United States. visas to the Lipchins so that their I deeply share the kind words of Currently, soil erosion exceeds tolera- family may be reunited. Several times their letter to Prince Charles and ble levels, that is, levels that would I have requested the assistance of the · In result l·n sustam· ed product1·v1·ty over Counselor in facilitating the Lipchins Prmcess Diana. it, they write: the long term, on nearly 120 million departure. Unfortunately the Soviet The Board of County Supervisors is acres, or more than 25 percent of our Government has been unwilling to thrilled that you have chosen to name your cropland. This situation exists in spite son Prince William, and we hope that as he of excellent achievements in soil and grant the Lipchins exit visas, which grows t o manh oo d , h e will always f ee1 a water conservation over the past 50 would be in compliance with interna- close friendship to the United States, the tional accords which the U.S.S.R. has Commonwealth of v• .. ginia and particular years by our Department of Agricul- ~ ' · ture. signed. ly, Prince William County. We have been slow to realize that all I am deeply concerned with the cur- These remarks are very significant, of our people share the responsibility rent emigration situation of Soviet for it is believed that Prince William for stewardship of our soil. Future Jews and the role of the American County, Va., is the only county in the generations are the major benefactors Government in helping to alleviate United States bearing that name. This of our erosion control work. But there this problem. The rate of emigration distinction is also shared by at least 50 is not time to wait for future genera- has dropped sharply and reports of area organizations and business firms. tions to solve the problem. If we fail to harrassment of refuseniks has in- In addition, many of the 146,000 in­ control erosion, future generations creased. Clearly, the Soviet Govern- habitants of Prince William County will pay dearly for that failure. We ment is trying to break the will of are of English descent. have expected the farmer to shoulder Soviet Jews, who have purusued their· I am particularly proud·-- of-- Prince- more than his share 0 f the cost 0 f soil goal of emigrating from the Soviet William County, the only county in and water conservation. Today his Union to practice their relimon in profits and ability to pay for soil con- freedom. "'& Virginia that stretches from the servation work are squeezed by in- mountains in the West to the Coastal creasing production costs and decreas- Over the past decade, the United Plain in the East. Discovered by Capt. ing prices of his products. Society States played an integral role in open- John Smith in 1608, it is rich in cultur­ must help. ing the doors of the Soviet Union for al heritage and is the site of many his- Existing Federal estate taxes have thousands of Jews seeking to emigrate. torical landmarks. Its residents benefit been a hardship on many farm fami- As discussions on various issues of from a national forest and park, a lies. Numerous cases have come to our mutual concern continue, it is essen- chamber of commerce, a tourism coun­ attention where farms which have tial that we reaffirm to the Soviets the ell, and symphony orchestra which is been owned by a family for several American commitment to human celebrating its 10th anniversary this generations were divided and a portion rights and that adherence to the Hel- season. Presently underway is the sold in order to pay these taxes. This sinki accords is vital to an improve- Prince William summer festival, and legislation would relieve a part of t?-is ment in the relations between our na- the Prince William County fair which burden for farmers who do a good Job tions is scheduled to open August 14. of protecting their soil for future gen- · erations. Mr. Speaker, these farm fam- _ Mr. Speaker, it is known that an Mr. Speaker, because this is a great ilies are the backbone of our Nation's active concern on the part of the U.S. occasion for the residents of Prince productivity and I urge my colleagues Government is important in assisting William County and the Nation, I join in this body to join ranks in providing · individuals like Leonid Lipchin who is with the Board of County Supervisors them the. SUPP?rt they ne.ed to carry seeking to be reunited with his retired in extending a standing invitation to out effect1ve soil conservation work on f athe d ilin th W t the royal couple and their new son, to their farms.e . r an a g mo er. e mus ex- visit Prince William County whenever press our concern for the welfare of their travels bring them to the United individuals wishing to emigrate, and States. I believe such a visit would be a THE RIGHT TO EMIGRATE support the basic human right of prodigious and joyful event that could Soviet Jews to emigrate. I commend be shared by all. HON. BARNEY FRANK Leonid Lipchin for his efforts to re- For my colleagues use and informa­ OF MASSACHUSE'ITS unite his family, and I hope my col- tion, I would like to insert at this time IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leagues will continue to press the- into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the Tuesday, August 10, 1982 Soviet Union to honor the internation- contents of the letter from the Board e Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, Tzalo al agreements it has signed which for Prince William County of Virginia. and Khaya Lipchin have been waiting guarantees the right to emigrate.e The letter follows: 20318 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, Now therefore, be it resolved by the Board BUDGET REDUCTION COUNTY OF PRINCE WILLIAM, of County Supervisors of Prince William Manassas, Va., July 14, 1982. County, Virginia, United States of America His Royal Highness Prince and Princess of that this resolution be read among the offi­ HON. NORMAND. SHUMWAY Wales, cial minutes of the meeting on July 6, 1982 OF CALIFORNIA Buckingham Palace, London SW/ England and that the Chairman of the Board is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DEAR PRINCE AND PRINCESS OF WALES: On hereby authorized and directed to communi­ behalf of the citizens of Prince William cate with the Royal Highness, the Duke and Tuesday, August 10, 1982 County, Virginia, United States of America, congratulations on the birth of your son, Duchess of Wales, commending them on the e Mr. SHUMWAY. Mr. Speaker, Prince William. The Governing Body of birth of their son Prince William.e during the past weekend in California Prince William County, the Board of I met with constituents to discuss County Supervisors, is thrilled that you pending legislation. Particular concern have chosen to name your son Prince Wil­ liam. We hope that as he grows to manhood, NOT GUILTY BY REASON OF was focused on my views of the tax bill that he will always feel a close friendship to INSANITY which will raise $100 billion in taxes the United States, the Commonwealth of over the next 3 years. I explained to Virginia and particularly, Prince William my constituents that, in my opinion, County. the recession will not be solved Prince William County is located in the HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. through tax increases, and that I Washington Metropolitan area, approxi­ would not vote for the tax bill without mately 30 miles southwest of our Nation's OF KENTUCKY some assurance that Congress can Capital, The County has 345 square miles IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and is inhabited by 146,000 people, many of uphold the budget reductions ap­ whom are of English descent. The County proved earlier this summer. seat is Manassas. Tuesday, August 10, 1982 Unfortunately, I am not confident of Captain John Smith discovered Prince the ability of the House to do so, or William County in 1608, although, there is •Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, just even to abide by the budget process. some evidence that the Spanish were in this after the jury's verdict of "not guilty This lack of resolve was strikingly il­ area as early as 1565. There were various di­ by reason of insanity" in the John lustrated last week by the passage of visions of land into counties between 1653 Hinckley trial, I received an excellent H.R. 6862, the reconciliation bill of the and 1759 affecting Prince William County letter from one of my constituents, and the latter year, Prince William became Post Office and Civil Service Commit­ an independent county with boundaries Randall W. Shaffer of Paducah, Ky. tee. that exist today. Prince William County is Mr. Shaffer's letter is indicative of the The first concurrent fiscal year 1983 the only county in Virginia that stretches cries of outrage that were heard budget resolution instructed this com­ from the mountains in the west to the throughout the entire country with mittee to achieve savings of $376 mil­ coastal plain in the east. regard to this defense plea. As the The citizens of Prince William County are lion in fiscal year 1983. These savings quite excited that you have chosen the Congress works with changes in the were to be achieved through the impo­ name Prince William for your son. On laws dealing with the insanity defense, sition of a 4 percent COLA cap on Fed­ behalf of the Board of County Supervisors I would like to share Mr. Shaffer's eral annuities, and through other ad­ and the citizens of Prince William County, comments with my colleagues. The ministrative changes in the civil serv­ we wish for your son good health, a long, letter follows: ice retirement system. Instead of being productive and happy life filled with every submitted to the Budget Committee to success. When your travels bring you to the PADUCAH, KY., June 22, 1982. United States of America we hope that you Hon. CARROL HUBBARD, be combined with the other commit­ and your son will visit Prince William Rayburn Office Building, tees' reconciliation bills, H.R. 6862 was County. Washington D. C. granted a rule so that the bill could be Yours Sincerely, voted on separately. DEAR CARROLL: I've just heard the jury's KATHLEEN K . SEEFELDT, The bill the committee reported Chairman, verdict of "not guilty by reason of insanity" achieved only $32 million of the man­ Board of Supervisors. given John Hinckley for the terrible crimes he has committed. dated $376 million in savings for fiscal year 1983-a shortfall of $244 million. RESOLUTION I was shocked, stunned and then upset. Whereas, the Royal Highness, the Duke The very idea of the possibility of him being It did not cap COLA's, and provided and Duchess of Wales, have given birth to a turned loose on innocent victims again for outlay reductions of only $113 mil­ son and named him Prince William; and frightens me. What have we come to in this lion for fiscal year 1983-85, or only 3.5 Whereas, the citizens of Prince William country? How can we call this the "land of percent of the $3.2 billion savings that County, Virginia, United States of America the free" when soon we will all be prisoners the committee was instructed to and its governing body, the Board of County in our own homes, afraid to get out for fear achieve. This was the first major test Supervisors, are thrilled with the birth of of being killed by a so-called insane person? of the budget process, yet partisan po­ the Prince and with the selection of William litical considerations were clearly as his name; and I wonder if Jim Brady would rather be Whereas, it is the desire of the governing shot by a sane person instead. Sane or more important to the committee than body of Prince William County, Virginia, insane, what's the difference? They kill just the integrity of this process. United States of America, to note the birth as deadly and should be locked up. Unfortunately, the bill passed by a of Prince William and to congratulate his Please, I realize this is written in haste, vote of 268-128. A motion to return parents, Prince Charles and Princess Diana; but maybe it's time we acted with haste to the bill to committee with instructions and protect ourselves from all the rationalities to achieve the mandated savings failed Whereas, it is the desire of the Board of that so-called "puritans" and "save those by a vote of 160-236. How can we con­ County Supervisors to extend a standing in­ who can't help themselves, do-gooders" pro­ vitation to the Duke and Duchess of Wales vince the financial markets of our sin­ mote. cerity in reducing Federal spending and their son, Prince William, to visit Prince Please use your influence to do whatever William County whenever their travels when at the first major test of the is necessary to deal with these matters. If bring them to the United States; and budget process, our resolve crumbles? Whereas, it is the hope of Prince William what I'm suggesting is unconstitutional, call How can we justify a tax increase County, Virginia that Prince William will for an amendment; if a law needs to be writ­ when we cannot even hold to the always feel a close kinship with the County ten or changed, do it; whatever, get this spending levels we approved 2 months and visit it whenever he can; and thing turned around. Whereas, the Board of Supervisors sends I'm sorry, but I had to yell at someone. ago? its fond greetings to his parents, Prince Wil­ But, you or I may be a Jim Brady or one of Good arguments were made both for liam and the people of England and com­ the others some day. and against capping COLA's for Feder­ mend them all on the birth of Prince Wil- Most sincerely, al retirees, and my votes for the liam; RANDALL W. SHAFFER•• motion to recommit and against H.R. August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20319 6862 were difficult for me personally. comprehensive antihunger policies. I tional con, as the Washington Post But COLA's were not the issue in this commend these dedicated cyclists, and has termed the proposed amendment, case. The issue is the budget process the many individuals and private orga­ is a vague promise to try by the mid- and congressional commitment to it. nizations who helped to make the bike 1990's. These are not normal economic times. marathon possible, for their important Pay as you go was considered by the Unless we have the courage to stand contribution to raising the conscious­ House during the budget debate in by the budget process-imperfect as it ness of the public and policymakers May. It received 181 votes, including may be-we are never going to reduce about the urgent need to resolve the 80 percent of the Democrats voting, spending. I continue to feel that the fi­ world hunger problem.e and the highest proportion of votes of nancial recovery of this country is our any budget plan presented that week. first priority, and that healthy econo­ PAY AS YOU GO BALANCED Yet pay as you go is not a Democrat­ my cannot but improve the lot of all BUDGET ACT OF 1982 ic, nor a Republican, plan. Nor is it Americans, particularly retirees living conservative or liberal. on fixed incomes for whom inflation is Pay as you go requires that when­ the cruelest punishment. HON. GEORGE MILLER ever Congress decides to increase Of course the final determination OF CALIFORNIA spending above the 1982 baseline will rest with the Appropriations Com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES amount for any program, we simulta­ mittee. Yet the passage of H.R. 6862 Tuesday, August 10, 1982 neously agree to raise an equivalent signals that Congress will make only amount in revenues or cut back spend­ superficial efforts to control spending, e Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, I am today introducing the ing elsewhere. and will not have the courage to Pay as You Go Balanced Budget Act If we follow this straightforward uphold them when difficult political process, as 39 States currently do, the choices arise. If the budgetary capitu­ of 1982. The legislation is a statutory form of the "Pay As You Go" process CBO projects a $27.5 billion surplus by lations embodied by the passage of which I offered to the House in May 1985. H.R. 6862 continue, I predict a rough during consideration of the first By contrast, the current budget reso­ road for the tax bill.e budget resolution for 1983. It is my lution, supported strongly by those hope and my intention that the House who now call upon us to pass the con­ A CONGRESSIONAL WELCOME will consider this legislation as a ra­ stitutional amendment, would raise FOR CYCLISTS TO END WORLD tional and preferable alternative to $225 billion in new taxes, add perhaps HUNGER the proposed balanced budget amend­ $600 billion to the national debt, and ment to the Constitution, and at the still come nowhere close to balancing HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN appropriate time, I will offer this legis­ the budget. In addition, implementation of pay OF NEW YORK lation as a substitute. Mr. Speaker, the proposed cynical as you go would save about $100 bil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and ineffective amendment would si­ lion on interest payments on the debt Tuesday, August 10, 1982 multaneously abuse the amendatory over the next 3 years as a result of def­ e Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today, I process and attempt to deceive the icit reductions. This is the kind of was pleased to join a number of my people of the United States who vigor­ budget program that will persuade the colleagues on the Capitol steps in wel­ ously-and understandably-want business and investment communities coming to Washington, teams of Cy­ Congress to take action to reduce the that we in Congress are serious about clists to End World Hunger. These deficit and balance the budget. achieving a balanced budget. Simply marathon participants, who departed The constitutional amendment will passing an amendment declaring our from Atlanta, Ft. Lauderdale, and not achieve those goals, as some of its commitment to a balanced budget will Denver, arrived in Washington yester­ chief proponents have openly con­ fool no one in the financial communi­ day and will soon begin the final leg of fessed: ty. their journey to the United Nations in "Frankly, it doesn't do a thing."-Majori­ It is obvious that merely mandating New York. The cyclists crossed 15 ty Leader Senator HOWARD BAKER. a balanced budget is not enough. If States, met with State and local offi­ "I don't thirik it would have any practical Congress cannot find the courage to cials, and brought their message about effect."-Finance Chairman Senator ROBERT enact a budget balancing process like the need to intensify our commitment DOLE. pay as you go, how could we ever find "I think that the whole exercise on this the backbone to construct a balanced to alleviating hunger to millions of constitutional amendment is the ultimate citizens. confession of failure on the part of the Con­ budget itself? The riders, in addition to raising a gress of the United States . . . This is a I urge you to consider the Pay as considerable sum of money to directly matter that should not really be in the fun­ You Go Balanced Budget Act of 1982 assist those suffering from hunger, damental law of this land."-Senator JOHN and support its enactment in lieu of compiled over 10,000 signatures from G.TOWER. any ill-advised and ineffectual tamper­ individuals alining themselves with ef­ Yet Congress need not fail to enact ing with our Constitution. I believe it forts to end hunger. Those names, to­ ,legislation which will realistically and provides what the American people, gether with the more than 3,000 signa­ surely move us toward a balanced and the majority of the Congress, tures collected during a bike marathon budget immediately, instead of declar­ truly want: Not a balanced budget last year, were placed in the "Presi­ ing our constitutional intention to amendment, but a balanced budget. dential Book," a document, presented reach that goal at some indeterminate John Chancellor, the distinguished today to my colleagues and I, which time in the future. NBC News commentator, recently contains the names of more than 2.2 The pay-as-you-go budget procedure compared the attractiveness of the million individuals firmly committed is a proven means for radically reduc­ "pay-as-you-go" balanced budget proc­ to working to resolve the critical prob­ ing the deficit in 1983 and 1984, and ess to the ineffectual constitutional lem of hunger and malnutrition. balancing the budget by 1985, accord­ amendment. I would like to place Mr. Mr. Speaker, the Presidential Com­ ing to the Congressional Budget Chancellor's commentary in the mission on World Hunger, of which I Office. The pay-as-you-go budget plan RECORD at this point: was a member, recognized that raising would, in fact, achieve a balanced JOHN CHANCELLOR, NBC NEWS public awareness about hunger and budget before the proposed amend­ A lot of people including the President are generating the political will to resolve ment would even be ratified. Pay as beating the drum this week for a constitu­ that problem, is the primary prerequi­ you go is the means of balancing the tional amendment that some day, maybe, site if our Nation is to develop new budget in the mid-1980's; the constitu- would sort of require a balanced budget. 20320 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 There's a better way: a plan floating around spending program-Medicare or MX-by the adoption of such concurrent reso­ the Congress that would balance the budget first coming up with the revenues to pay for lution as reported; in three years. Guaranteed. that increase. Those new revenues could be the adoption of such amendment; or It's the "Pay As You Go" budget proposal, obtained either by cutting other existing the adoption of the concurrent resolu­ offered to the House of Representatives by programs or by increasing taxes. Those are tion in the form recommended in such con­ George Miller, Democrat of California, and the only two options. No more rigged pro­ ference report, would cause- ingenious and practical plan. jections of rosy revenue increases in 1988, (i) the appropriate level of total budget Here's how it would work: first, it would thank you. Miller allows for no exemptions outlays set forth in such concurrent resolu­ freeze government spending at its present from the freeze. Social security, too, would tion for such fiscal year to exceed the ap­ level. So if the Congress wanted to spend be subject to the pay-as-you-go formula. propriate level of total budget outlays set more on defense, it would have to spend less Unlike the administration's 1981 tax-cut forth for the preceding fiscal year in the on something else, such as spending on plan, which promised instant and ouchless most recently agreed to concurrent resolu­ social programs. Or if the Congress wanted prosperity by next Tuesday, the Miller plan tion on the budget for that preceding fiscal to spend more on defense and social pro­ offers some political pain, especially for his year; or grams, it would have to reduce non-defense congressional and party colleagues. No (ii) the recommended level of Federal rev­ spending. All within a frozen total budget. longer would members of Congress-of both enues set forth in such concurrent resolu­ If the Congress wanted to spend more than parties-be able to finance their favorite un­ tion for such fiscal year to be less than the that, it would be forced to bite the bullet touchable programs through the federal recommended level of Federal revenues for and raise taxes. Fiscally sound, if politically deficit. Congress would be required to make the fiscal year preceding that fiscal year set dangerous. real choices among competing interests and forth in the most recently agreed to concur­ The beauty of this is that it would make constituencies. Republicans who have simul­ rent resolution on the budget for that pre­ Members of Congress directly accountable taneously favored big defense spending ceding fiscal year. for the money they spend. Everybody would boosts and big tax cuts would be exposed, (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a con­ have to stand up and be counted. And, with just as quickly as those "no-choice" Demo­ current resolution on the budget for a fiscal spending frozen, the natural growth of the crats who have appeared constitutionally in­ yearmay- economy would increase tax revenues and capable of saying no to any appropriations provide for an amount of budget out­ balance the budget. scheme remotely mentioning "old" or lays for such fiscal year in excess of the ap­ The Congressional Budget Office confirms "small." What Miller is suggesting is noth­ propriate level of total budget outlays for that the plan would lower the deficit by ing less than a congressional vertebrae the fiscal year preceding that fiscal year set fiscal 1984, and produce a glorious surplus transplant, without benefit of anaesthetic. forth in the most recently agreed to concur­ of 27 billion dollars in 1985. Think of that. According to the Congressional Budget rent resolution on the budget for that pre­ Congressman Miller's "Pay As You Go" Office, alone of all the budget proposals, ceding fiscal year if the concurrent resolu­ budget plan was defeated in the House last the pay-as-you-go plan would have produced tion on the budget for such fiscal year May, voted down by most Republicans and a a federal budget surplus of $27 billion by also- few Democracts. Senator Christopher Dodd 1985. Furthermore, as its sponsor conceded, provide for a reduction in the recom­ abuse of the constitutional amendato­ deficit, ending our mindless reliance on the debt, and balancing the Federal mended level of Federal revenues for such ry process. Let the House not follow fiscal year below the recommended level of suit in such a cynical and meaningless budget are the major goals of this Federal revenues for the preceding fiscal fashion. Congress. If we fail to take serious ac­ year set forth in the most recently agreed to Mr. Speaker, I submit to the RECORD tions to achieve these popularly sup­ concurrent resolution on the budget for a column by Washington Post syndi­ ported goals, all of our other efforts to that preceding fiscal year if the concurrent cated columnist Mark Shields on the revive the economy are bound to fail. resolution on the budget for such fiscal year pay-as-you-go budget process. Mr. The American people expect more of also- (i) provides for a reduction in budget out­ Shields in well known and highly re­ this Congress than partisan brick­ throwing. They want answers. And to lays for such fiscal year below the appropri­ spected for his insightful and barded ate level of total budget outlays for the commentary on political activities in provide those answers demands a new fiscal year preceding such fiscal year set Congress. I would hope that each budget process. forth in the most recently agreed to concur­ member of the House would review The people we represent, Mr. Speak­ rent resolution on the budget for such pre­ this column before voting on the bal­ er, do not expect miracles from the ceding fiscal year, in an amount not less Congress. But they do expect the than the amount of the reduction in reve­ anced budget question. nues for such fiscal year; and [From the Washington Post, June 25, 19821 truth. We owe them an honest re­ sponse to their reasonable demand for (ii) indentifies the program or activity in A BUDGET WITH A BACKBONE a balanced budget, and the pay as you which such reduction in budget outlays is to (i) shall office in 1980: an authentic new idea. It was The text of the act follows: only include additional revenues which will California Rep. George Miller's "pay-as-you­ Be it enacted by the Senate and the House result from proposed changes in law. Any go" budget plan, which won the support of of Representatives of the United States of reduction in budget outlays contained in a four-fifths of voting House Democrats, but America in Congress assembled, That <1> concurrent resolution on the budget pursu­ not House passage. notwithstanding any other provision of law, ant to paragraph 2 (i) shall only include Upon closer scrutiny, some of those House and except as provided in paragraph (2), it reductions in budget outlays which will Democrats might not have been so enthusi­ shall not be in order in the Senate or the result from proposed changes in law. astic about the budget plan with the attrac­ House of Representatives to consider any (b) Subsection may be waived by a two­ tive label. Miller, a fourth-term liberal with concurrent resolution on the budget for any thirds vote of the Members of each House an independent streak, proposed that Con­ fiscal year beginning after September 30, of Congress, duly chosen and sworn. gress freeze all federal spending at the 1982 1982, or any amendment thereto or any con­ SEc. 2. Notwithstanding any other pro­ level and only allow itself to increase any ference report thereon if- vision of law and except as provided in sub-

'- August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20321 section (b), the Budget transmitted pu;su­ <1> as an exercise of the rulemaking power larger United Nations satellite moni­ ant to section 201 of the Budget and Ac­ of the House of Representatives and the toring agency. "Peacesat", as it has counting Act, 1921, for the ensuing fiscal Senate, respectively, and as such they shall been referred to, would serve to moni­ year shall not contain- be considered as part of the rules of each <1 > an estimate of total budget outlays for House, respectively, or of that House to tor military activities over the globe such ensuring fiscal year which exceeds the which they specifically apply, and such and aid in arms control verification. I appropriate level of total budget outlays for rules shall supersede other rules only to the plan to promote this concept at the the fiscal year in progress set forth in the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; upcoming Second United Nations Con­ most recently agreed to concurrent resolu­ and ference on the Exploration and Peace­ tion on the budget for such fiscal year in <2> with full recognition of the constitu­ ful Uses of Outer Space an estimate of total revenues for such in Vienna this week. Although the two rules at will ensuing fiscal year which is less than the any time, in the same manner, and to the superpowers try to avoid discus­ recommended level of revenues for the same extent as in the case of any other rule sion of this issue, many developing na­ fiscal year in progress set forth in the most of such House.e tions as well as Western European na­ recently agreed to concurrent resolution on tions will want to discuss this peace­ the budget for such fiscal year in progress. keeping satellite which is sometimes Notwithstanding subsection , the LET'S "OPEN UP THE SKIES" AT referred to as the "French proposal". Budget transmitted pursuant to section UNISPACE '82 201 of the Budget and Accounting Act, Mr. Speaker, I truly believe that one 1921, for the ensuing fiscal year may- of the most serious threats to world o> contain an estimate of budget outlays HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. peace is uncertainty and the fear that for such ensuing fiscal year in excess of the OF CALIFORNIA uncertainty leads to. Fear provokes ag­ appropriate level of total budget outlays for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gression. I often wonder what such a the fiscal year in progress set forth in the Tuesday, August 10, 1982 great nation as ours has to fear so most recently agreed to concurrent resolu­ much that we need the capability of tion on the budget for such fiscal year in e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. progress if such Budget also- Speaker, last month the Pugwash destroying the world. This may be contains an estimate of revenues for naive, but I think we should promote such ensuing fiscal year in addition to an Conference had its 25th anniversary what our country stands for, and not amount of revenues equal to the recom­ meeting. Pugwash, probably the most just concentrate on destroying what is mended level of Federal revenues for the respected nongovernment association different from us. I hope the public fiscal year in progress set forth in the most of scientists, has its origins in the most outcry will lead us to listen to our­ recently agreed to concurrent resolution on sensitive scientists our society has the budget for such fiscal year in progress, known. While scientific ideas in the selves and to our own fears. A con­ which is not less than the amount of such past have threatened the structure of structive step toward eliminating some excess budget outlays; and civilization and reshaped our under­ of the uncertainty would be the adop­ identifies the source of such additional standing of religion, Albert Einstein's tion of a peacekeeping satellite. estimated revenues and proposes changes in discoveries posed a new threat, that of Mr. Speaker, the following article law to achieve such additional estimated discusses how fear is a fuel for nuclear revenues; or destroying the world. Painfully aware <2> contain an estimate of a reduction in of this, Einstein spoke out of his con­ arms buildup, and that the unknown is revenues for such ensuing fiscal year below cerns which lead to the founding of often a cause for fear. A peacekeeping the recommended level of Federal revenues the Pugwash Conference in 1957. The satellite would alleviate some of this for the fiscal year in progress set forth in conference has promoted important problem by "opening up the skies" to the most recently agreed to concurrent reso­ concepts involving nuclear testing, the world and help in the monitoring lution on the budget for such fiscal year in arms limitation and verification, and and decisionmaking in arms limitation progress if such Budget also- activities. contains an estimate of a reduction in other proposals for addressing the budget outlays for such ensuing fiscal year problems we face in the nuclear age. The article follows: below the appropriate level of total budget If Einstein were alive today I think CFrom the New York Times, July 18, 19821 in outlays for the fiscal year progress set he would have mixed feelings about MORE SPIES IN THE SKY forth in the most recently agreed to concur­ how the products of the nuclear age rent resolution on the budget for such fiscal are responding to the threat of nucle­ year in progress, in an amount not less than ar war. On the one hand, he would be PuGWASH, NOVA ScOTIA, July 17.-There the amount of the reduction in revenues for has been a strange cycle of public indiffer­ such ensuing fiscal year; and alarmed at the capability we have de­ ence and militant activity against the identifies the program or activity for veloped to destroy the world many danger of nuclear arms since the first two which such estimated reduction in budget times over; our nuclear arsenal has were dropped. Distressed at failure to un­ outlays is proposed and proposes changes in never been so great. But he would be derstand, Bertrand Russell and Albert Ein­ law to achieve such estimated reduction in pleased to see the heated public stein issued a dramatic manifesto in 1955. budget outlays. debate going on in more public arenas That led to a meeting of top scientists Any additional estimated revenues then ever before; the nuclear freeze from East and West at the boyhood home of which, pursuant to subsection , are Cyrus Eaton, the late U.S. industrialist, in contained in the Budget transmitted pursu­ resolution will be on the ballot in seven States this fall. And the nuclear 1957. So was founded the Pugwash Confer­ ant to section 20l of the Budget and Ac­ ence. counting Act, 1921, shall only include addi­ freeze proposal voted on by the House tional estimated revenues which will result last week lost by only two votes. The For its 25th anniversary, the conference is from proposed changes in law. Any estimat­ discussion is becoming more serious here again. The two signatories of the Rus­ ed reduction in budget outlays, which, pur­ sell-Einstein document still alive, Linus Pau­ both on a political level as well as on a ling and Joseph Rotblat, noted that all suant to subsection <2>, are contained technical level. in any such Budget shall only include esti­ those years, marches and U.N. conferences mated reductions in budget outlays which One proposal I am pleased to see at­ later, the threat is greater than ever. will result from proposed changes in law. tention given to is a proposal offered And people are stirring again. The peace SEC. 3. For purposes of this Act- by my colleague the gentleman from movement has never had broader support. <1 > the term "budget outlays" has the Kansas of the Con­ which has been of great interest to me and angry. The U.S. and the Soviets are gressional Budget and Impoundment Con­ since I first heard about it, would talking in Geneva about breaking the arms trol Act of 1974; and begin the dismantlement of the mys­ race, and sustaining it at home. <2> the term "concurrent resolution on the Time is running out on even the chance of budget" has the same meaning as in section tique and secrecy that surrounds the arms control, the scientists say, because sci­ 3 <4> of such Act. two nuclear superpowers, the United ence itself has made possible new weapons SEc. 4. The provisions of the first sec­ States and the U.S.S.R. The proposal so much more accurate, so much faster, so tion and section 3 of this Act are enacted by is for an international peacekeeping much harder to detect that agreements may the Congress- satellite which would be part of a become meaningless. 20322 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 There isn't much point in calling for trust. the Caribbean Basin countries in order can be achieved when the private sector tax revenue loss per worker should, if any­ to bolster their economies and foster takes the lead in promoting economic thing, be taken as a measure of the success political stability. progress. of Section 936 in making Operation Boot­ Mr. Speaker, this issue is explored in The effects of the Senate action in over­ strap an effective device for economic devel­ a cogent article in the Wall Street turning this important foreign policy initia­ opment initiated by the private sector. Journal of Monday, August 9, 1982, by tive vastly outweigh any gains in the form It appears that the administration has former Under Secretary of the Treas­ of tax-policy niceties. The elimination of an some reservations about the Senate's pro­ ury Norman B. Ture. In his article, alleged "tax abuse" and the supposed pick­ posed cutbacks of Section 936. The Treasury up of a small amount of tax revenue would has offered a proposal that it claims would "Puerto Rico: Hostage to U.S. Tax be purchased at the extraordinary price of deal adequately with the uncertainties aris­ Reform,'' Dr. Ture explains that the forgone economic advances and political sta­ ing from the IRS's current audit policies conferees are considering also a modi­ bility in Puerto Rico and throughout the and litigation stance, while raising substan­ fication of the Senate Finance Com­ Caribbean. tial tax revenues. In fact, the Treasury pro­ mittee proposal that has been present­ The "tax abuse" to which the Senate pro­ posal would erode much of the tax incen­ ed by the Treasury Department. But vision is directed is difficult to identify, even tives for investment in Puerto Rico. Treasury's proposal, says Dr. Ture, in the terms of the most zealous old school TREASURY'S VENGEFUL PURSUIT would also largely erode the tax incen­ tax reformers. The principal charge against the offending Internal Revenue Code Sec­ The administration's concern about the tives for investment in Puerto Rico. tion 936 is that it affords U.S. mainland adverse effects of the Senate bill on the What is most alarming, though, is companies with Puerto Rican affiliates too Puerto Rican economy has not been sub­ Dr. Ture's assertion that still other much U.S. tax forgiveness, considering the stantial enough to persuade the Treasury to suggestions for dealing with IRS sec­ number of jobs these companies provide in forgo its vengeful pursuit of a relative hand­ tion 936-suggestions that would pre­ Puerto Rico. The tax revenue loss to the ful of high-technology companies in favor serve incentives for investment in U .S Treasury is alleged to be well over of tax changes that would restore economic Puerto Rico and raise even more tax $40,000 per created job. The same number stability to Puerto Rico by continuing the of jobs, the critics maintain, could be pro­ demonstrably successful incentives of Sec­ revenues than would be raised under tion 936. Several suggestions for modifying the original Senate Finance Commit­ vided at a lower cost by direct federal out­ lays such as those under CETA . The Section 936, recently presented to the tee proposal-are not being given due "abuse," then, turns out to be the charge Treasury, the White House and the Senate consideration by the administration or that the tax incentive is inefficient. and House conferees on the tax bill, would the conferees. There is far less in this charge than meets accomplish that result while providing a sig­ Mr. Speaker, in the interest of the the eye. The estimated tax revenue loss to nificant increase in U.S. tax revenues-sub­ economy of Puerto Rico and its the Treasury presupposes that in the ab­ stantially more than the amount estimated people, and in the strategic interest of sence of the tax credit, there would be the as raised by the Senate bill. These sugges­ the United States in preserving a same amount of investment, employment, tions have been shunted aside by the admin­ healthy Puerto Rico as an American output and income in Puerto Rico as there reject both the Senate and the Treasury eration to all proposals for modifying is under the present powerful incentives af­ proposals. If they do so, there may still be a the tax incentives provided by IRS forded by very nearly full tax exemption. reasonable chance for the Reagan adminis­ section 936, known in Puerto Rico as This obviously is not true. tration to realize a successful Caribbean 20326 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 Basin Initiative, led by a thriving Puerto hands of one of El Salvador's most tral America. I urge my colleagues to Rico.e brutal human rights violators, Rober­ reject the attempts to continue aline­ to D'Aubisson. Meanwhile, there has ing us with the forces of repression, REAGAN'S EL SALVADOR CERTI­ been no movement whatsoever toward and to support legislation to prohibit FICATION IS CONTRARY TO negotiations with all parties to the further U.S. assistance to El Salvador THE FACTS conflict, violating an explicit require­ by declaring the certification null and ment for certification. void. The agrarian reform program is in HON.RICHARDL.OTI'INGER shambles. The Americas Watch/ACLU OF NEW YORK report notes: RELIEF OF THEDA JUNE DAVIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES While pledging to restore the land reform, Tuesday, August 10, 1982 has abrogated the law HON. ELDON RUDD Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, I rise that affected El Salvador's most valuable e lands under Phase II of the reform and has OF ARIZONA to strongly protest President Reagan's sent a signal to land owners that it opposes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES recent certification that El Salvador the redistribution of land to El Salvador's Tuesday, August 10, 1982 has complied with economic and tenant farmers and share-croppers. human rights reforms. I have cospon­ Nine thousand and six hundred • Mr. RUDD. Mr. Speaker, I rise sored legislation introduced by my peasants have been evicted from their today to introduce a private bill to cor­ good friend from Massachusetts. Rep­ land, and some 140,000 intended bene­ rect an injustice that has been done to resentative GERRY STUDDS, declaring ficiaries are still without provisional a constituent of mine while working that certification null and void. titles. for a program funded and supervised The Americas Watch Committee and For the families of the Americans by the Federal Government. the American Civil Liberties Union killed in El Salvador, the most dis­ Mrs. Theda June Davis of Phoenix, have published a remarkable report on tressing aspect of certification con­ Ariz. is a schoolteacher who was hired the current situation in El Salvador cerns the investigation of those by a federally funded job training pro­ which clearly refutes the administra­ deaths. We have seen a highly dubious gram known as SER-jobs for progress tion's dubious claim that the Salvador­ investigation plagued with uncertain­ in 1970-71. an Government has met the standards ties and delays. Five suspects await During the course of her employ­ included in the certification process. trial, yet abundant evidence collected ment, Mrs. Davis was passed over for Calling the administration's certifica­ by the Lawyers Committee for Inter­ promotion. She filed a claim against tion a "misrepresentation of the Salva­ national Human Rights and other jobs for progress for discrimination doran reality," the report points out: groups suggest that responsibility goes based on sex, and was successful in No serious examination of conditions in El well beyond the five individuals that claim. In addition, she was award­ Salvador and of U.S. law can lead to the charged. Our own Government has ed some $35,000 compensatory dam­ conclusion that any of the requirements for displayed an astounding attitude of ages by a Federal court. certification have been satisfied. unresponsiveness and delay which While jobs for progress is a fully fed­ The first requirement, that the Gov­ seems to border on complicity with erally funded grant program, it ernment of El Salvador has made a Salvadoran authorities. Last month, I cannot, by law, use its funds to pay "concerted effort to comply with inter­ initiated a letter to four Federal agen­ claims. The Federal Government su­ nationally recognized human rights" cies demanding the release of perti­ pervises this program, funds this pro­ has not been met-it has been flaunt­ nent documents under the Freedom of gram, makes all the rules for this pro­ ed. The Government and its security Information Act. I am still waiting for gram. Yet, Mrs. Davis, who has been forces remain involved in a pattern of two of those agencies to respond. wronged by this program, cannot be systematic human rights abuses, in­ Facing a situation more dangerous compensated at this time. The bill cluding violations of the rights to per­ and unstable than ever, President that I am introducing would not right sonal liberty, humane treatment, free Reagan has once again sought to esca­ the wrong that has been committed, speech, free assembly, due process of late United States military mvolve­ but it will compensate Mrs. Davis for law. and fair trial. El Salvador remains ment in El Salvador by ignoring the her hardship, and carry out the lawful under a state of siege imposed on facts and falsely certifying compliance award given her by a Federal court for March 6, 1980. Decrees remain in with human rights and economic re­ damage done to her by a Federal pro­ effect which permit arbitrary and lim­ forms. The result of this policy will be gram. itless detention and torture. increased instability as we hand H.R. 6966 The second requirement of certifica­ Moscow a victory it could not other­ tion, that the Salvadoran Government Be it enacted by the Senate and House of wise contemplate. As the former Am­ Representatives of the United States of achieve "substantial control over all bassador to El Salvador, Robert America in Congress assembled, That the elements of its own armed forces so as White, recently wrote in the New York Secretary of the Treasury shall pay to to bring to an end the indiscriminate Times: Theda June Davis of Phoenix, Arizona, out torture and murder of Salvadoran citi­ Each time the Salvadom military invades of any money in the Treasury not otherwise zens by these forces" also cannot be a poor neighborhood in San Salvador with appropriated, the sum of $35,499.25 plus in­ reasonably certified. An estimated United States-furnished weapons, hundreds terest thereon calculated at the rate of 6 34,000 civilians have been murdered in of recruits and sympathizers are recruited percent per year from December 1, 1976, to El Salvador for political reasons since into the revolutionary movement. April 3, 1980, and at the rate of 10 percent per year from April 4, 1980, to the date the 1979. Since Reagan's first certification, Ambassador White correctly noted sum is paid. Such sum is the amount of a over 3,000 civilians have been killed, that by ignoring the aspirations of lib­ court judgment in favor of Theda June according to the Legal Aid Office of erty that countless Salvadoran's hold, Davis against a non-profit Arizona corpora· the Archdiocese in El Salvador. and by attributing their desire for tion based upon a finding of sex-based dis· In March an election was held, as re­ change to Marx and Lenin while siding crimination. The Arizona corporation is to­ quired to be under the certification, with the military elite, the United tally funded by federal grants from the De· yet its legitimacy is now in doubt as States assumes the role of counterre­ partment of Labor. evidence of electoral fraud is uncov­ volutionary power and abandons to SEC. 2. No part of the amount provided for in the first section of this Act in excess of 10 ered. The elections did not alter the Cuba and communism the sponsorship percent thereof shall be paid to or received armed forces dominance of policy. Nor of change. by an agent or attorney on account of serv­ did it result in the hoped-for modera­ The President's certification on El ices rendered in connection with the claim tion of the Salvadoran Government. Salvador marks the absolute failure of described in the first section, and the pay­ Rather, it invested great power in the his policies there and throughout Cen- ment or receipt in excess of 10 percent of August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20327 the amount provided for in the first section projects. As a trade association, the Founda­ WITHHOLDING FLIMFLAM shall be unlawful, any contract to the con­ tion is able to undertake projects that its or­ trary notwithstanding. Violation of the pro­ dinary members cannot. visions of this section is a misdemeanor pun­ In conclusion, the Foundation notes that HON. NORMAN E. D'AMOURS ishable by a fine not to exceed $1,000.e the FCMA states that Congress has found OF NEW HAMPSHIRE the fishery resource to be a contributor to the food supply, economy, and health of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nation and a source of recreation. 18 USC Tuesday, August 10, 1982 FISHERMEN WARN CONGRESS 180l. The Convention does not men­ Mr. D'AMOURS. Mr. Speaker, the TO BE CAREFUL OF LAW OF tion coastal state interests in fishery conser­ e THE SEA TREATY vation and management as being at all asso­ interest and dividend withholding pro­ ciated with recreation. And yet, Congress posal is as much "flimflam" today as it found in the FCMA that commercial and was when the Wall Street Journal recreational fishing was a major source of criticized the President's original pro­ HON. DON YOUNG employment. 18 USC 180l<3>. posal this January. If anything, the OF ALASKA It was the intent of Congress, expressed in provisions included in the Senate tax IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the FCMA, that the fisheries be conserved bill are even more complex and bur­ and maintained to achieve optimum yields densome than the original proposal. Tuesday, August 10, 1982 on a continuing basis. 18 USC 1801<5>. Mr. Speaker, this is not and should And the Convention in Articles 61 and 62 not be a partisan or ideological issue. e Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speak­ complements the objective of developing Interest and dividend withholding has er, on a number of previous occasions, and maintaining optimum sustainable yield. been opposed by a wide range of Mem­ I have warned my colleagues of the But the criteria for use of the optimum sus­ bers from both parties. A nearly unan­ tainable yield set out by Congress in the imous House rejected withholding 401 problems that the U.S. fishing indus­ FCMA include primarily domestic interests try might face if the United States to be secured under a "national" conserva­ to 4 under President Carter and it were to sign the Law of the Sea tion and management plan 08 USC should do so again under President Treaty. In reply, at least one treaty 1801<6» and a "national" program for de­ Reagan. supporter has suggested that my con­ velopment of under- and non-utilized species Interest and dividend withholding cerns are fanciful and that the opposi­ "for citizens to benefit from the employ­ simply makes no sense when we can ment, food supply, and revenue" 08 USC achieve the same compliance goal tion of the U.S. fishing industry to the 180l<7». Thus, the idea of the fishery through other, less burdensome, treaty is manufactured rather than conservation zone, since its 1976 inception, means such as better processing of ex­ genuine. has been to promote domestic commercial isting 1099 forms on interest and divi­ Recently, the New England Fisheries and recreational fishing, as well as to obtain dend earnings. Development Foundation, Inc., sub­ optimum yield from each fishery for domes­ I invite my colleagues to join me in mitted . the following comments are raised for plemented adversely to the best interests of times before. Similar withholding tax pro­ your consideration at the ongoing Commit­ the United States, which is not to ignore the posals have been rebuffed in Congress in tee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries' possibly undesirable exposure which com­ 1942, 1943, 1950, 1951 and 1962. On an ap­ hearings to evaluate the status of the pulsory conciliation and mandatory arbitra­ propriations rider in August 1980, the House United States position in the law of the sea tion could install against even-as-yet unde­ of Representatives voted by 401-to-four to negotiations. These comments are presented termined interests of the United States. prevent the Internal Revenue Service from neither in support of, nor in opposition to The concern of the Foundation is that the even studying the idea of a withholding tax the United States signing the Convention immediate effect of adverse results from ap­ on interest and dividends. This year's pro­ on the Law of the Sea . Wheth­ plication of the Convention to matters in­ posal is opposed by powerful members of er to sign the Convention involves questions volving the United States would impact di­ the President's own party, including Repre­ of law and policy beyond the scope of this rectly on the fishing industry, especially in sentative Barber B. Conable Jr., ranking Re­ letter. The Foundation's comments are in­ publican on the House Ways and Means tended only to bring forward points of possi­ New England. Therefore, the Foundation Committee, who says the committee won't ble significance for persons reviewing our asks that any decision to change the appli­ appprove the measure. national law of the sea policy. cability of the FCMA by ratification of the And with good reason. For fairly minimal The Foundation is a trade association con­ Convention be carefully reasoned and made gains in revenues-Treasury is estimating an sisting of over 100 seafood companies, coop­ to assure the protection of United States in­ extra $2 billion for fiscal 1983, less after­ eratives and local associations in the New terests at many levels and from a variety of wards-a withholding tax would impose England fishing and seafood business. The perspectives, but including the needs of the heavy paperwork burdens on banks, savings Foundation draws its membership from the New England fishing and seafood industries. and loans and brokerages, among others. In maritime communities of New England, and Respectfully submitted. a study commissioned before the American has its office in Boston, Massachusetts. Its KENELM W. COONS, Bankers Association, the accounting firm primary activity is fish and seafood market­ Executive Director. Arthur Young & Co. estimated that the ing, for both domestic and export markets, RALPH J. GILLIS, Carter administration's 1980 withholding as well as research and development General Counsel.• proposals would cost a bank with $100 mil- 20328 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 lion in deposits roughly $200,000 in startup JOB TRAINING HELP NEEDED LET US GET ON WITH THE BUSI­ costs and $80,000 in annual operating costs. FOR TRADE WAR VICTIMS NESS OF REAUTHORIZING A A withholding tax on interest and divi­ STRONG, FLEXIBLE CLEAN AIR dends, moreover, would lower the effective ACT yield on savings and stock ownership. And HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS many of the withholding payments would OF PENNSYLVANIA most likely be drawn from interest-bearing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. RON WYDEN accounts. At a time of enormous fear of Tuesday, August 10, 1982 OF OREGON "crowding out" by government borrowing in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the capital markets, it makes no sense to e Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the reduce the deficit by reducing personal Japan Economic Institute of America Tuesday, August 10, 1982 saving. recently circularized the Congress •Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, on April The IRS says it needs a withholding tax with an economic monograph that ac­ 28, the Energy and Commerce Com­ to prevent underreporting of interest and knowledged that 2 million American mittee overwhelmingly adopted an dividend income. But what it really means is jobs have been lost to imports in amendment I offered to reform and that its computer programs and manage­ recent years. streamline the prevention of signifi­ ment are so sloppy that it can't match inter­ The essay on trade failed to note est and dividend reports filed by corpora­ that many of these goods were unfair­ cant deterioration program of tions and banks with individual tax returns. ly traded, but I will make that nota­ the Clean Air Act. The answer is for the IRS to put its own tion. Enacted in 1977, the PSD program house in order, rather than to transfer an Unfair trade is the way the world budgets the amount clean air is al­ enormous administrative burden to the pri­ works in these days of economic war lowed to deteriorate in our Nation's vate sector. on a pacifistic and still complacent parks, wilderness areas and other Since the withholding measure has little America, which is the largest market areas of our Nation whose air is clean­ hope of passage, its major purpose is to in the world for everything made in er than the national ambient health allow the Treasury to pretent that it will be the world. standards. collecting $2 billion more next year than it Furthermore, that these goods The PSD amendment adopted by actually will. The window dressing wasn't the committee was the product of a worth the cost in budget credibility. worth 2 million American jobs can be unfairly traded-traded in violation of fair and open debate, as reflected by international agreements and law-is a the consensus support behind it. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Yet, after a 3-month hiatus on the Washington, D.C. policy of the U.S. Government from Hon. RICHARD BOLLING, administration to administration. consideration of any clean air amend­ Chairman, House Rules Committee, the Therefore, these 2 million jobs were ments, the Energy and Commerce Capitol, Washington, D.C. lost as a matter of Government policy. Committee will soon be asked once DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: You will soon be And those injured as a direct result again to reconsider the PSD section of asked to approve a rule for the consider­ of Government policy ought to be the Clean Air Act. ation of the Conference Report on H.R. helped, also by the Government and Committee members will be asked to 4961, a minor House-passed tax bill to which also as a matter of policy. support amendments designed to the Senate has appended many substantive By the way, these lost jobs equal remove new national parks, wilderness changes in U.S. tax law. We ask that you ap­ about 20 percent of our present unem­ areas and other national treasures­ prove a rule allowing a separate vote or ployment rate. less than 4 percent of the continental motion to strike from the Conference In this connection, the debate on the United States-from the protections of Report any provisions requiring withhold­ their clean air budget under the PSD. ing on interest and dividend earnings. Job Training Partnership Act

. August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20329 mood, it is ironic that once again the After reading Court Watch reports, the Some critics say the Court Watch project Energy and Commerce Committee will Washington Legal Foundation selects the represents a dangerous attack on judicial in­ markup amendments intended to un­ most egregious cases, and writes letters dependence. asking the judges involved to justify their "I never thought it was proper for judges dercut the clean air budget and recon­ actions. It has written more than 500 letters to sentence out of fear," Vermont Supreme ciliation process known as the preven­ so far. Court Chief Justice Albert W. Barney, tion of significant deterioration pro­ The campaign would bear special signifi­ chairman of the Conference of Chief Jus­ gram. cance for judges who are elected rather tices, said of the project. "If that's the way Mr. Speaker, an important part of than appointed. According to the National they're going to do business it's somewhat the business of this Congress is to re­ Center for State Courts, about 30 states extortionate." authorize a strong, flexible Clean Air elect lower state court judges, the judges Barney noted that judges are often ham­ who sentence in most criminal cases. But strung by pre-existing legal rules or errors Act. the threat is equally as weighty for those Let us quit covering old ground and by police that keep evidence from being in­ judges who are appointed for set terms. troduced, and are unable to explain seem­ move on to the many other important One letter was fired off Monday to a Mis­ ingly lenient sentences because of confiden­ issues that must be resolved before the souri judge who made headlines when he tiality requirements. committee can report out a clean air sentenced a university professor who had "The judge gets blamed for all of these bill.• killed his wife with a hammer to 60 days in jail. things," he said, "I don't really think that Another sentence in which a Massachu­ it's very satisfactory to key in on whether a sentence appears to the outsider to be le­ COURT WATCH PROJECT setts judge freed on bail a doctor accused of raping two women patients, even though he nient." had been convicted earlier of raping a nurse, John Shattuck of the American Civil Lib­ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOU drew a sharp response. "The court's action erties Union, argued that "judges need to be can accurately be labeled an outrage," the kept apart from lobbyists." OF KENTUCKY "Maybe members of Congress have to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES foundation charged in a letter. In a local case, the foundation asked D.C. take the heat," Shattuck said, "but Judges Tuesday, August 10, 1982 Superior Court Judge Henry H. Kennedy should be making their decisions based on Jr., who sentenced a man to 18 to 54 months the evidence before them, and not on letters e Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I be­ in jail after he pleaded guilty to killing a 20- coming in from any political group of what­ lieve that judges typically are too le­ month-girl, "By what strange reasoning or ever stripe." nient on the criminals who come process did you arrive at such a lenient sen­ "We've never received a nasty letter from before them, and I hope the Court tence?" a judge," Popeo countered. "We feel we are Watch Project, in today's parlance, "In our view, the sentence dangerously ap­ really protecting the judicial establishment raises judicial consciousness on the proaches the level of judicially sanctioning from the attacks of the ACLU and the rest need to match the penalty to the child abuse and infanticide," the group said. of the criininal defense lobby."e "The Washington Legal Foundation be­ crime. lieves that if you are unable or are unwilling The following article is well worth to mete out appropriate sentences for vio­ INSANITY DEFENSE reading: lent crimes, you should seriously consider [From the Washington Post, Aug. 5, 19821 resigning from the bench." HON. JAMES M. COWNS COURT WATCH GROUP PuTs PRESSURE ON If the group doesn't receive a satisfactory "LENIENT" JUDGES response from a judge, it files a complaint OF TEXAS with the state judicial review commission. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Six complaints are currently pending, and The sentences raise eyebrows: the foundation is about to lodge another Tuesday, August 10, 1982 A Wisconsin judge gave three years proba­ five. tion to a man convicted of sexually assault­ Apparently, however, when the Washing­ e Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speak­ ing a 5-year-old girl because, he said, the girl ton Legal Foundation talks, many judges er, earlier this year, a Washington was a "sexually promiscuous young lady. listen. jury found John Hh1ckley "not guilty A California judge reduced a first-degree "I have tried many murder cases, and this by reason of insanity" of shooting murder conviction to second degree ·because is the first time I've ever reduced a first­ President Reagan and three other he said the slayer did not act in a "premedi­ degree murder conviction in my 10 years on men last March. I believe that we tated and deliberate" way when he stabbed the Superior Court," California Judge Peter must take a very hard look at what his victim 130 times. S. Smith told the group, noting that he was the insanity defense has become. A A Pennsylvania Judge put an armed appointed to the bench by former governor robber-out on bail for a previous conviction Ronald Reagan and has "a reputation as a man should not shoot the President in when he committed the crime-on proba­ hard sentencer." front of millions of people on televi­ tion for five years, because prisons are "in­ Legal Foundation lawyers believe their sion and then be eligible to be released humane and degrading." letters make a difference. "In the next case, in as little as 50 days because of the in­ Such court decisions prompted the Wash­ that Judge is going to be a little more sensi­ sanity defense. ington Legal Foundation, one of a new tive to the victim and the public, and that's Now is the time for reform. In many breed of conservative "public interest" law a beneficial effect," said lawyer Nicholas E. areas of the Nation, criminals are es­ firms, to launch the Court Watch Project, Calio. asking its 80,000 members across the coun­ In an expansion move, the foundation is caping punishment by use of the in­ try to monitor judges and report any who about to expand the Court Watch program. sanity defense. In Michigan, during appeared to be giving criminals slap-on-the­ It has printed 50,000 copies of a "Court the 1970's, 223 criminals escaped pun­ wrist sentences. Watch Manual" to send to various groups ishment by claiming they were insane. "We have hit a nerve," said WLF head detailing how to set up local court-monitor­ Of these 223, 124 were released after Daniel Popeo of the project, which began ing programs. only a 60-day hospital stay. This is the last year. "We got bags and sacks of letters The manual suggests activities for "con­ type of thing that has to end. and support." cerned citizens" who want "to hold Judges, Complaints and newspaper clippings parole boards, prosecutors and other crimi­ Recently, a Georgia man was twice about judges who are soft on crime are now nal Justice personnel accountable for their released from hospitals after two pouring into the group's headquarters here actions." Such groups are already active in juries found him insane. After he left at the rate of "10 a day, six days a week," he California and Illinois. the hospital the last time, he walked said. Recommendations include monitoring into a hotel lounge and killed his wife "There is a tremendous breakdown in the court proceedings, recall drives; letters to and two bystanders. public's mind of the effectiveness of the newspapers complaining about lenient The insanity defense appeals par­ criminal justice system," Popeo said. Court judges or parole boards; demonstrations in Watch was needed, he said, to counteract front of courthouses; newspaper advertise­ ticularly to defendants with no other the "tremendous pro-criminal lobby" made ments criticizing a Judge's handling of a defense. Hinckley was able to hire up of liberal organizations like the Ameri­ case, and a "worst judge" award to those too three psychiatrists to try to justify his can Civil Liberties Union, which he calls the lenient with criminals and who disregard actions to a jury. Then the jury of American Criminal Lovers Union. the rights of victims. laymen was forced to make a decision 20330 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 10, 1982 on Hinckley's sanity on which expert BUFFALO'S UKRAINIANS KEEP land that most of the world recognizes only psychiatrists could not agree. MEMORY, DREAM OF FREE- as the westernmost cave of the Russian DOM FOR HOMELAND bear. I believe that a good solution would To Ukrainians, the Ukraine is part of the be legislation similar to that enacted Soviet Union only on political maps. It was by several States which creates a ver­ HON.HENRYJ.NOWAK from their homeland that the Cossacks re­ dict of "guilty but mentally ill." This OF NEW YORK belled against the czar in the 18th century, verdict would result in criminals being IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and that Ukrainian patriots mounted an army of hundreds of thousands to fight sent to prison after treatment for Tuesday, August 10, 1982 mental illness rather than being re­ both the Communists and Fascists in World • Mr. NOWAK. Mr. Speaker, Ukraini­ War II. leased into the public. Today, I am in­ an-Americans during the month of Now that the Ukraine has once again been troducing a bill that would create such August will celebrate the lOOth anni­ absorbed by Russia-this time into the a verdict in Federal cases. versary of the establishment of their Union of Soviet Socialist Republics-it falls There is something very wrong when to the Ukrainians in the United States to community in the Buffalo, N.Y., area. keep alive the concept that the Ukraine is a a man can shoot the President and The Buffalo Chapter of the Ukraini­ distinct land, with its own religious, social three other men and· then escape pun­ an Congress of America is the vehicle and political tradition. ishment by hiring three psychiatrists by which their heritage and apprecia­ "We feel we must speak for those who to say that he was insane. The worst tion of freedom are communicated to cannot speak on their own behalf," Mrs. part is that he could soon hire other our community and beyond. Mrs. Procyk said. "We have a sacred duty." experts to say that he is now sane and Dasha Procyk, who was a 4-year cap­ Even those who are three or four genera­ tive of the Nazi's Auschwitz concentra­ tions removed from their homeland feel, to should be released.• some degree, that same responsibility, she tion camp during World War II, is the said. president of Buffalo's local chapter. "Some people think once you emigrate, Mrs. Procyk spoke of local Ukrainian­ you should forget," said Mrs. Procyk. "I am MILITARY CONSTRUCTION AU­ American groups as striving to "teach an American, but an American who doesn't THORIZATION SUPPORT FOR their children a love for their home­ know what is going on in the world isn't a MALMSTROM AFB land and at the same time a love for good American." their American heritage and an appre­ On the local level, Ukrainian food and ciation of the freedoms they have folk arts will be the featured attractions at here." the 10th Annual Ukrainian Day Celebra­ HON. RON MARLENEE Ukrainian dreams of freedom were tion, to be held Aug. 15 at St. Basil the trounced when the revolt against czar­ Great Church on Walden Avenue. OF MONTANA On the international political level, the ist Russia failed. To this day the Ukrainians are perhaps the most active bloc IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES policy of "Russification" continues in in the National Captive Nations Committee, Ukraine with a ban on the teaching of an advocacy group for the national groups­ Tuesday, August 10, 1982 the Ukrainian language, the imprison­ not 31-that are under Soviet domination, ment of dissidents, religious persecu­ she said. •Mr. MARLENEE. Mr. Speaker, on tions, mass postwar deportations, and By federal law, since 1959 the third week Wednesday the House will consider manmade famines. in July has been designated as Captive Na­ H.R. 6214, the military construction The Buffalo Chapter of the Ukraini­ tions Week in the United States. Mrs. Procyk participated in a ceremony in the authorization bill. I support this legis­ an Congress Committee of America White House Rose Garden last month as lation as a much needed step toward has "adopted" jailed dissidents and part of the 1982 commemoration of the upgrading our military facilities. sent food to their homeland in an Captive Nations cause. effort to alleviate human suffering. Representatives of the various nations be­ I am particularly concerned with the The following appeared August 2, lieve they have a strong friend in President present condition of our housing on 1982, in the Buffalo Courier Express: Reagan, she said, but most of the strength our military bases. Many of our bases "Buffalo's Ukrainians Keep Memory, of their cause comes from personal convic­ are struggling to provide adequate Dream of Freedom for Homeland": tions. housing for our military personnel, For Mrs. Procyk, those convictions were [From the Buffalo Courier Express, Aug. 2, forged during four years she spent as a cap­ and this includes one base in my dis­ 19821 tive in a Nazi concentration camp. trict, Malmstrom Air Force Base. In BUFFALO'S UKRAINIANS KEEP MEMORY, "My foremost thought was, 'Does anybody fact, 82 percent of the Strategic Air DREAM OF FREEDOM FOR HOMELAND care, does anybody know I'm here?' " she Command's existing dormitory spaces forcing NASA to pay the Israel's latest offensive coupled with Bei­ losing contractor $150 million over the next matter into the political realm. As for rut's serious food shortage caused by Israeli 2 years. the "Technical Experts," I would urge troops blocking supplies of water, food, and my colleague to dial his telephone, call medical supplies to the city is beyond the The money which will be expended NASA and ask them what they think bounds of human decency. for the Centaur system over the next because I agree with them. Let us ex­ That a half million civilians should be 2 years will mean that the taxpayer amine what the "Technical Experts" held hostage to Israel's seeking revenge on will not have to pay for the IUS vehi­ have said on this issue. 6,000 PLO members indicates an insensitiv­ cle for the Galileo and International ity to world opinion on the part of Israel Solar-Polar missions. Additionally, the Letter from Verne Orr, Secretary of which exceeds our ability to comprehend. Centaur is a high-energy upper stage the Air Force and Hans Mark, Deputy Common humanity demands immediate Administrator of NASA to Chairman action. and its inclusion into the Shuttle will Because of Israel's special relationship to save the taxpayer an investment of in FuQUA of House Committee on Science the United States, it is imperative that the excess of $1 billion that would be re­ and Technology: Administration publicly make clear its con­ quired to develop a brand-new high­ NASA should undertake the adaptation of cern over Israel's seige in a manner that energy upper stage. Such an expendi­ the Centaur to be used in the Shuttle to cannot be misunderstood: We should tell ture would only be necessary if the support the near-term Galileo mission and Israel that if the seige is not lifted it is our Centaur is not used for these missions the projected mid-term high energy require­ intention to supply food by means of the "To build and develop a system that ments of NASA, DOD, and commercial Sixth Fleet. users. JAMES H. COSTEN, does the same thing." Moderator, The Centaur does not do the same Report to the Congress from the De­ WILLIAM P. THOMPSON, thing as the IUS. The Centaur has in fense Department and NASA entitled, Stated Clerk, excess of twice the lift capability of "Upper Stage Alternatives for the United Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.e the IUS. The Centaur also provides an Shuttle Era": operational flexibility not provided by the IUS which will be of greater value An IUS Galileo, combined spacecraft mis­ to our intelligence community, scien­ sion, case 5 in Section 5.3.1.3, utilizing the tists, and commercial users. ms on a Delta-VEGA trajectory was also analyzed with development of preliminary This was the same system that was reject­ INTEGRATION OF THE CENTAUR ed by NASA because its design allegedly cost figures. Based on preliminary mission INTO THE SPACE SHUTTLE made it far too dangerous to put aboard the analysis, this option provided, at best, major Space Shuttle. compromise to the mission which would have to be subjected to detailed review by HON. DUNCAN HUNTER NASA does not maintain that the the scientific community. Further mission OF CALIFORNIA Centaur poses a safety problem to the analysis, while possible, to identify other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Space Shuttle. In fact, the ability of mission options would involve much more the Centaur to expel its propellants detailed weight and CG location for a Gali­ Tuesday, August 10, 1982 makes it less of a safety concern than leo combined spacecraft with kick stage e Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I regret the IUS solid propellant could cause would represent a load to the generic IUS that a good colleague of mine has re­ the Shuttle to have to operate an which is greater than design limits. This cently inserted a statement into the abort maneuver with increased weight fact would require, as a minimum, structur­ CONGRESSIONA:. RECORD which contains in the Shuttle bay. al modifications to stiffen that upper stage. several substantive errors. I sincerely Now I have learned that the switchover The implications of such a modification and believe that my colleague is quite con­ back to the Centaur upper stage will cost an the cost and schedule consequences as well cerned about the Space Shuttle additional $1.4 blllion. as risks are not well understood at this time. system and the type of upper stage In summary, while it is apparent that a mis­ This statement is incorrect. It ap­ sion with a combined Galileo spacecraft can which will be used in the Shuttle. I am pears my colleague was multiplying be accomplished with upper stage perform­ impressed by the sincerity of his con­ when he should have been subtract­ ance characteristics equivalent to an IUS, it cern. Unfortunately, my colleague's ing. is not clear that such a mission could be ac­ statement is confusing because it is in This is for a system that is untried and complished without major science compro­ total variance with other statements untested. If NASA had been allowed to use mises as well as high costs and schedule he has made on this exact same sub­ the Boeing IUS for the planetary flights to risks which would make a single launch in ject. As the ranking minority member Jupiter and the Solar Polar Mission flight, 1985 undesirable. of the Space Shuttle, Science, and Ap­ the IUS would have been tested a dozen Consequently, as this portion provided for plications Subcommittee of the House times before. Now NASA is faced with flying half-billion-dollar spacecrafts on Centaur extemely high technical risk and a low mis­ Science and Technology Committee, Upper Stages that have never been flown sion accomplishment reliability factor, the my colleague vociferously criticized before. assessment and cost analysis was discontin­ ued. the administration for including the The Cenatur upper stage has flown interim upper stage-IUS-for two im­ before. In fact, the last 44 Centaur I hope that my good colleague from portant NASA science missions. flights have been 100 percent success­ New Jersey will join me and his other There are errors in my colleague's ful. I am sorry to note that it is the colleagues in Congress who agreed extended remarks that must be set IUS vehicle that has never flown with his earlier view that this decision straight. before. The first IUS flight will be an has turned out as it should have. Inte­ In spite of the fact that the Boeing Co. operational flight. A failure on a flight gration of the Centaur into the Space has built and delivered eight IUS units at a Shuttle will save the taxpayer millions cost in excess of $700 million for a solid fuel such as this would not only destroy a upper stage for the military and civilian similarly expensive space payload but if not billions of dollars. It will provide spacecraft.• • • would leave the Galileo and ISPM mis­ an increase in capability and will make sions without a backup were it not for the Galileo mission, as well as many On this point my distinguished col­ the now planned integration of Cen­ future missions, much more certain leagues is correct. The IUS was initial- taur into the Space Shuttle. and much more eff ective.e August 10, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20333 IN HONOR OF JAMES A. COLE TRIBUTE TO GIUSEPPE acter of the Voce but it is in a way the char­ PREZZOLINI acter of all my works. Prezzolini-Columbia University Professor HON. EUGENE V. ATKINSON HON. MARIO BIAGGI Emeritus of Italian-was an intemationally­ OF PENNSYLVANIA known author, journalist, scholar, critic, OF NEW YORK teacher who, while directing the Literary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Information Department of the Bureau for Intellectual Cooperation funded by the Tuesday, August 10, 1982 Tuesday, August 10, 1982 League of Nations in Paris, was invited to e Mr. ATKINSON. Mr. Speaker, I e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I would become director of Casa Italiana in 1930. would like to take this opportunity to like to pay tribute to the late Giu­ A man of culture made for study, but also congratulate one of my constituents, seppe Prezzolini an internationally for action and responsibility, Prezzolini won known author, journalist, and scholar the trust of the University and its adminis­ the Honorable James A. Cole, who who passed away recently. My good trators and was much appreciated by col­ celebrated his 75th birthday on the leagues and students. At the outbreak of 28th of July 1982. Mr. Cole was born friend Dr. Peter Sammartino, founder­ World War II he became an American citi­ in and has been a life long resident of president and chancellor of Fairleigh zen and for another decade continued to Wexford, Pa., where his family is one Dickinson University was especially teach, to study, and to write at Columbia close to Professor Prezzolini especially University. of the oldest and most revered in the during the latter's tenure at Columbia Intellectual stimulation, moral integrity community. University. Dr. Sammartino together and the spiritual values exemplified in his He holds degrees from Duquesne with Sister Margherita, a renowned own life were characteristics of Prezzolini's University in both accounting and law. authority on Italian-American culture teaching, not only at Columbia University, Mr. Cole's life has been dedicated to and history issued a statement paying but throughout his life. His writings, wheth­ er scholarly or journalistic, are delightful community service. His contributions tribute to Professor Prezzolini which I because of his clear, precise, well-balanced and accomplishments are many and would like to place into the RECORD at style. He has a great variety of interests and varied. The following are but a few of this point. his pen ranges from German mysticism to his significant achievements: PREzzOLINI, A WORI.D CITIZEN an erudite history of spaghetti, with biogra­ Forty-four years as a district justice MORRISTOWN, N.J.-Giuseppe Prezzolini phy, criticism, philosophy, scholarship, re­ and justice of the peace; passed away in Lugano, Switzerland, a few portage, allegory, religion, and psychology days ago. He was a highly productive schol­ filling the gap. Over 50 years service as a notary ar and journalist whose intellectual alert­ For the past 20 yea.rS he lived in Italy and public; ness lasted to the very end. What he has Switzerland, where he continued his literary Forty years employment with Du­ been and will remain, as a scholar and a scholarship and journalistic endeavors. He quesne Light Co. of Pittsburgh. man, lives in countless books and articles recently prepared the manuscript for a During the last 15 years with the com­ written in several languages and which have sequel to his most popular book: "God is a been since translated into many more lan­ Risk" , which will soon be pany, he was president of Local 149 guages. published. His lucidity an