Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology

Part T Echinodermata 2 Revised Crinoidea Volume 3

by Hans Hess and Charles G. Messing

William I. Ausich Coordinating Author

Prepared under Sponsorship of

The Paleontological Society SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) The Palaeontographical Society The Palaeontological Association

Raymond C. Moore Paul A. Selden Founder Editor

Jill Hardesty, Michael Cormack, Denise Mayse Assistant Editor and Editorial Staff

The University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Lawrence, Kansas 2011

© 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute © 2011 by

The University of Kansas Paleontological Institute

All Rights Reserved

Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number 53-12913 ISBN 978-0-9833599-1-3

Distributed by the Paleontological ­Institute, The University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd., Room 119, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7594, USA, www.paleo.ku.edu, from which cur- rent price lists of parts in print may be obtained and to which all orders and related cor- respondence should be directed. Editorial office of the Treatise: ­Paleontological ­Institute, The University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd., Room 119, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7594, USA, www.paleo.ku.edu.

Citation information: Selden, P. A., ed. 2011. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part T, Echino- dermata 2, Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. The University of Kansas Paleontological Institute. Lawrence, Kansas. xxix + 261 p., 112 fig.

ii © 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology has been made possible by (1) funding principally from the National Science Foundation of the United States in its early stages, from The Geological Society of America through the bequest of Richard Alexander Fullerton Penrose, Jr., and from The Kansas University Endowment Association through the bequest of Raymond C. and Lillian B. Moore; (2) contribution of the knowledge and labor of specialists throughout the world, working in cooperation under sponsorship of the Paleontological Society, the SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), the Palaeon­to­graphical Society, and the Palaeontological Association; (3) acceptance by The University of Kansas of publication without any financial gain to the University; and (4) generous contributions by our individual and corporate sponsors.

iii © 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute PART T Echinodermata 2 Revised Crinoidea, vol. 3

By Hans Hess and Charles G. Messing William I. Ausich, Coordinating Author

CONTENTS Information on Treatise volumes...... viii Editorial Preface (Paul A. Selden)...... x Stratigraphic Divisions...... xxiii Author’s Preface (Hans Hess)...... xxiv Repositories and Their Abbreviations...... xxvi

ARTICULATA: INTRODUCTION (Hans Hess)...... 1 INTRODUCTION...... 1 MORPHOLOGY OF ARTICULATE ...... 2 Column and Attachment...... 2 Crown...... 4 Arm Branching...... 7 Articulations in Cup and Arms...... 10 Symbols for Morphology...... 10 GLOSSARY OF IMPORTANT TERMS...... 11 General Terms...... 11 Arms and Their Articulations...... 13 Columnal Articulations...... 13 Distribution and Bathymetric Range of Extant Forms...... 13 Classification...... 14 Classification of (Bather, 1899)...... 15 Classification of Post-Paleozoic Crinoids (Matsumoto, 1929)...... 15 Classification of Post-Paleozoic Crinoids (Jaekel, 1918)...... 15 Classification of Articulata (Springer & Clark in Zittel, 1913)...... 16 Classification of Articulata (Rasmussen & Sieverts-Doreck in Moore & Teichert, 1978)...... 16 Classification of (Arendt, 1974)...... 17 Revised Classification of Articulata (Simms, 1988a)...... 17 Classification of Articulata (Simms & others, 1993)...... 18 Classification (Klikushin, 1992)...... 18 Classification Adopted Herein...... 20 Treatise Classification, 2011 (Hess & Messing, herein)...... 21 ARTICULATA (Hans Hess)...... 23 Subclass Articulata...... 23

iv © 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute HOLOCRINIDA (Hans Hess)...... 24 Order Holocrinida ...... 24 Family Holocrinidae...... 24 ENCRINIDA (Hans Hess)...... 28 Order Encrinida ...... 28 Family Encrinidae...... 28 Family Ainigmacrinidae...... 33 Family Dadocrinidae...... 33 Family Traumatocrinidae...... 35 (Hans Hess)...... 42 Order Isocrinida ...... 42 Suborder Pentacrinitina ...... 42 Family Pentacrinitidae...... 42 Family eocomatulidae...... 46 Suborder Isocrinina ...... 48 Family ...... 49 Family Cainocrinidae...... 59 Family ...... 61 Family Proisocrinidae...... 69 (Hans Hess & Charles G. Messing)...... 70 Order Comatulida ...... 70 Suborder Comatulidina ...... 73 Superfamily Paracomatuloidea...... 73 Family PARACOMATULIDAE...... 73 Superfamily Atelecrinoidea ...... 73 Family Atelecrinidae...... 74 Superfamily Solanocrinitoidea...... 76 Family Solanocrinitidae ...... 76 Family Decameridae...... 81 Family Thiolliericrinidae...... 83 Superfamily Comasteroidea ...... 85 Family ...... 86 Superfamily Uintacrinoidea ...... 96 Family Uintacrinidae ...... 97 Family Marsupitidae ...... 97 Superfamily Mariametroidea...... 99 Family Mariametridae ...... 101 Family ...... 102 Family eudiocrinidae ...... 105 Family himerometridae ...... 105 Family zygometridae ...... 107 Superfamily Tropiometroidea...... 109 Family ...... 109 Family asterometridae...... 110 Family calometridae...... 110 Family charitometridae...... 112 Family Conometridae...... 115 Family pseudoconometridae...... 117 Family pterocomidae...... 117

v © 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Family ptilometridae...... 119 Family ...... 120 Superfamily Notocrinoidea ...... 124 Family ...... 125 Family aporometridae...... 128 Superfamily Antedonoidea ...... 128 Family ...... 129 Family ...... 143 Family zenometridae...... 145 Superfamily UNCERTAIN...... 145 Family jaekelometridae...... 145 Family atopocrinidae...... 146 Superfamily and Family UNCERTAIN...... 146 Suborder Bourgueticrinina (Hans Hess)...... 146 Family ...... 148 Family ...... 153 Family phrynocrinidae...... 155 Family septocrinidae...... 157 Suborder Guillecrinina (Hans Hess)...... 158 Family Guillecrinidae...... 158 (Hans Hess)...... 160 Order Millericrinida ...... 160 Family MILLERICRINIDAE...... 160 Family APIOCRINITIDAE...... 164 Family NEODADOCRINIDAE...... 166 Family BANGTOUPOCRINIDAE...... 167 Family UNCERTAIN...... 169 (Hans Hess)...... 172 Order Hyocrinida ...... 172 Family Hyocrinidae...... 173 CYRTOCRINIDA (Hans Hess)...... 180 Order Cyrtocrinida ...... 180 Suborder Cyrtocrinina ...... 181 Superfamily EugeniacrinitOidEA...... 181 Family Eugeniacrinitidae...... 181 Family GUTTIcrinidae...... 183 Family HOYAcrinidae...... 183 Family Phyllocrinidae...... 183 Family Proholopodidae...... 185 Family Psalidocrinidae...... 185 Family Sclerocrinidae...... 188 Family UNCERTAIN...... 192 Superfamily PlicatocrinOidEA...... 194 Family Plicatocrinidae...... 194 Family Tetracrinidae...... 194 Family quenstedticrinidae...... 198 Suborder Holopodina ...... 198 Family ...... 198 Family cotyledermatidae...... 201

vi © 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Family Eudesicrinidae ...... 202 Family hemibrachiocrinidae ...... 204 Family pseudosaccocomidae ...... 205 ROVEACRINIDA (Hans Hess)...... 207 Order Roveacrinida ...... 207 Family Roveacrinidae...... 207 Family Axicrinidae...... 211 Family saccocomidae...... 211 Family somphocrinidae...... 214 UNCERTAIN (Hans Hess)...... 217 Order UNCERTAIN...... 217 Family cyclocrinidae...... 217 Family lanternocrinidae...... 217 Family leocrinidae...... 219 Family qingyanocrinidae...... 219 Family tulipacrinidae...... 219 Order and Family UNCERTAIN...... 220 Nomina Dubia ...... 222 Subclass UNCERTAIN...... 222 Nomina Nuda...... 223 Rejected Names...... 223 Names Not Based on Crinoids...... 223 Nomenclatorial Note (M. Eléaume, H. Hess, & C. G. Messing)...... 224 Nomenclatorial Note (A. N. Mironov)...... 225 References...... 226 Index...... 256

vii © 2011 University of Kansas Paleontological Institute