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The Fishes of the Cichlid Genus Crenicichla in French Guiana

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The Fishes of the Cichlid Genus Crenicichla in French Guiana Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 56 (2): 221-231 — 1986 The fishes of the cichlid genus Crenicichla in French Guiana (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae) by A. Ploeg Institute of Taxonomic Zoology (Zoblogisch Museum), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 20125, 1000 HC Amsterdam, The Netherlands Abstract which included the area around the Mana River, including the French Guianan border of A review of the of the cichlid Crenicichla species genus the Maroni River. Heckel, 1840 in French Guiana is presented. Five species C. Seven of Crenicichla have been are encountered, viz.: C. saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758), species albopunctata Pellegrin, 1904, C. multispinosa Pellegrin, recorded in the literature in French as present 1903, C. ternetzi Norman, 1926, and C. johanna Heckel, Guiana, viz.: C. brasiliensis (Bloch, 1792); C. 1840. Their geographic distribution is indicated. The johanna Heckel, 1840 [including C. j. var. variation ofmorphometric, meristic, and pigment charac- carsevennensis examined. The of these characters is Pellegrin, 1905]; C. lugubris ters are variability compared with the variability within Crenicichla saxatilis Heckel, 1840; C. multispinosa Pellegrin, 1903; from the Suriname River, Surinam 1986). C. saxatilis C. (Ploeg, (Linnaeus, 1758) [including s. ternetzi var. albopunctata Pellegrin, 1904]; C. Résumé Norman, 1926; and C. vaillanti Pellegrin, 1904. On les du de Cichlidés For the the of these passe en revue espèces genre present study occurrence II de Crenicichla Heckel, 1840, de Guyane française. s’agit species in French Guiana is reinvestigated and cinq espèces, à savoir: C. saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758), C. all material for that of C. type (except albopunctata Pellegrin, 1904, C. multispinosa Pellegrin, brasiliensis) has been examined. The variability 1903, C. ternetzi Norman, 1926, et C. johanna Heckel, within the various species has been and 1840. Leur distribution géographique est discutée, ainsi studied, la variabilité de leurs is with data available from Surinam que caractères morphométriques, compared de leur La variabilité de méristiques et pigmentation. ces (Ploeg, 1986, and in prep.). Methods used for caractères est comparée à celle de Crenicichla saxatilis du counts and measurements are as in Ploeg fleuve Suriname, du Surinam (Ploeg, 1986). (1986: 48). Material of Brazilian tributaries to the INTRODUCTION Oyapock River, and of Surinam tributaries to the Maroni ( = Marowijne) River, is included in order allow better about the Recently only Le Bail et al. (1984) treated the to a understanding distributionof the within this The cichlid genus Crenicichla in French Guiana, species area. be in future although previously much scattered informa- latter material will treated a tion this the Crenicichla of has been published on subject publication on species (Vaillant, 1900; Pellegrin, 1903, 1904, and Surinam. 1905; Regan, 1905, 1913; Norman, 1926; Puyo, 1949). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In solution of the the past (up to the French- Brazilian border in French Rich material in Institute of Taxonomic dispute 1897) present the the Brazilian of Amsterdam Guiana and present state Zoology (Zoologisch Museum) (ZMA), (Dr. H. was used basis for the constituted Nijssen) as a present study. Amapa "Guyane frangaise" or Additional material was made available by the British "Cayenne" (nowadays the name of the capital Museum (Natural History) (BMNH), London (Mrs. B. and of a river in French the Guiana). Formerly Brewster), the Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de of the named western part country was Mana, Belgique (ISNB), Brussels (Dr. J. P. Gosse and Mr. L. Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 08:32:31AM via free access 222 A. PLOEG - CRENICICHLA IN FRENCH GUIANA National d'Histoire Naturelle 4a. White dots and Walschaerts), the Museum present on operculum cheek; humeral (MNHN), Paris (Dr. M. L. Bauchot and Mr. F. spot without notch Crenicichla albopunctata b. White absent d'Aubenton), the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie dots on operculum and cheek; humeral with notch at dorsoanterior side (RMNH), Leiden (Drs. M. J. P. van Oijen), the Natur- spot historiska Riksmuseet (NRM), Stockholm (Dr. S. O. Crenicichla saxatilis Kullander), the Naturhistorisches Museum (NMW), Vienna (Dr. B. Herzig and Mr. H. Ahnelt), and the Crenicichla saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre table Paris (Figs. 1, 2; I) Mer (ORSTOM), (Dr. P. Y. Le Bail and Mr. P. I wish for their Planquette). to express my gratitude help. Sparus saxatilis Linnaeus, 1758: 278 (original diagnosis; Thanks are also due to Mr. J. Zaagman for the drawings, type-locality: Surinam). to Mr. L. A. van der Laan for the photographs, to the Crenicichla saxatilis; Vaillant, 1900: 125 (Carnot, University of Amsterdam for the facilities, and to Dr. H. Carsevenne and Guyane frangaise); Pellegrin, 1904: Nijssen and Dr. I. J. H. Isbriicker for their criticism and 373 (Cayenne); Pellegrin, 1905: 589 (Guyane fran- encouragement. gaise); Steindachner, 1915: 572 (Maroni River); Puyo, 1949: 243-244 (Mana, Mahury, Oyapock, Mont- siraery, Cayenne); Ploeg, 1986: 47-59 (Suriname, Crenicichla 1840 Heckel, Marowijne and Commewijne River systems). Crenicichla saxatilis 1904: 374 var. albopunctataPellegrin, (in Crenicichla Heckel, 1840: 416-417 (original diagnosis). part). Type-species, by subsequent designation of Eigen- Material. — Surinam and French Guiana: mann & Bray, 1894: 620: C. macrophthalma. Marowijne River system: Marowijne River at Tabbetje Batrachops Heckel, 1840: 432-433 (original diagnosis). Hede: ISNB 19567, 8 specimens, 24-XI-1966; Nengre Boggiania Perugia, 1897: 148 (original diagnosis). Creek into Marowijne River near Albina: ISNB 19568, 2 specimens, 26-XI-1966; ZMA 119.374 and NRM Diagnosis. — Elongate; lower jaw somewhat unreg., Crique Vampire, creek tributary to MarowijneRiver, St.- prognathous; orbit in upper half of head; Laurent du Maroni, 4 specimens, 8-X-1979; ZMA preoperculum serrated. Two well-developed 119.733, Crique Cascade, creek tributary to Canal St.- lateral lines with scales than larger adjacent Jean (Maroni) near St.-Jean, 2 specimens, 21-1-1980; fin ZMA 119.373 and NRM Balate, 5 scales, continuing on caudal with one or two unreg., Crique specimens, 9-X-1979. scales; forehead scales naked; on head, oper- Mana River system: ZMA 119.376, Crique St.-Anne, culum, suboperculum, anterior part of back, 1 specimen, 22-IX-1978. and belly cycloid; caudal fin with basal and Counamama River system: ZMA 119.377, Pri-Pri Yi- interradial fins without basal scales, other Yi, along the Route National 1, between Corossony and 2 VII-1983. scales. Dorsal fin acute posteriorly; caudal fin Iracoubo, specimens, River ZMA lower rounded; anal fin origin just below first soft Sinnamary system: 119.380, Bayou, Sinnamary River, of village Sinnamary, 1 dorsal three anal upstream ray, posteriorly acute, always specimen, VI-1981; ZMA 119.381, Petit Saut, Sin- fin acute, V 1.5; fin spines; pelvic pectoral the level of 1 namary River, at Crique Coeur-Maroni, rounded. Teeth conical and inner recurved, specimen, 3-II-1983. teeth series often depressible, outer series fixed. Kourou River system: ZMA 119.378, Crique Gill rakers ceratobranchial Papinabo, creek tributary to Kourou River, 1 specimen, externally on first 24-1-1983. denticulate. Mahury River system: ZMA 119.372 and NRM creek unreg., Crique Blanche, tributary to Orapu River, KEY TO THE SPECIES OF FRENCH GUIANA 2 ZMA 119.375 and NRM specimens, 3-X-1979; unreg., Scales la. on sides ctenoid 2 Crique Gabrielle, creek tributary to Mahury River b. Scales sides ZMA on cycloid Crenicichla johanna upstream of Roura River, 8 specimens, 5-X-1978; 2a. More than 75 scales below lateral humeral creek lines; spot 119.379, Crique Magnan, tributary to Comte absent 3 River, 1 specimen, 5-X-1978. b. Less than 76 scales below humeral River ZMA Kaw lateral lines; spot Approuague system: 111.255, present 4 Guisanbourg, near outlet of Approuague River, 1 3a. Caudal fin with dark spot; white dots absent on sides specimen, VIII-1971. in males Crenicichla ternetzi River ZMA of nuptial Oyapock system: 107.845, Brazil, state b. Caudal fin without dark white dots Savanna Creek Youminan spot; present on Amapa, Igarape Jumina, at sides in nuptial males Crenicichla multispinosa (04°03'N 51°39'W), 1 specimen, 20-IX-1977; ZMA Downloaded from Brill.com10/10/2021 08:32:31AM via free access BIJDRAGEN TOT DE DIERKUNDE, 56 (2) - 1986 223 Fig. 1. Crenicichla saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Oyapock River, Gabaret Creek, ZMA 107.644, 167 mm SL, male. and 3 teeth series less in the 107.644, Gabaret Creek near its confluence with Oyapock topotypes), (c) or River, 11/14-XI-1976; ZMA 107.697, Saut 1 specimen, lateral of the in and 2 part upper jaw adults, Maripa and downstream of Pied Saut, falls in Oyapock teeth series in the lateral of the lower part jaw River, 1 specimen, 5-XI-1976; ISNB 20.084, Camopi teeth (up to 5 and up to 4 series, respectively, River, 1 specimen, 30-XI-1969; ISNB 20.085, Alikene in adult Creek, right creek tributary to Camopi River, 5 topotypes). specimens, 1 -XII-1969; ISNB 20.086, Adjoumba Creek, between Sikini and Camopi, right creek tributary to Oyapock River, 7 specimens, 6-XII-1969; ZMA 107.734, Euleupousing Creek near its confluence with Oyapock River, 1 specimen, 6-X-1967; ZMA 107.728, Mare Ipa Trois Sauts in 3 near upper Oyapock River, specimens, 8-X-1967. Notes. — For a detailed description of Crenicichla saxatilis see Ploeg (1986), concerning C. saxatilis from its restricted type-locality: Surinam, Carolina Creek, Suriname River system. In Surinam and French Guiana C. saxatilis occurs in the rivers of and between the Surinameand Oyapock River systems. In these rivers the species exhibits a considerable variability in colour pattern, not only between the rivers, but also within one river. Puyo 2. Distribution of Crenicichla saxatilis (1949: 243-244) pointed out that variation in Fig. (Linnaeus, dots 1758). Single more than one sample. colour is influenced by different habitats: "la may represent coloration de l'eau (boueuse, claire, verdatre, etc.)".
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