Four caliphs of pdf

Continue Calligraphic Abe Bakr al-Shiddyk, first caliphstilAmir al-Mu'mininResidens al-Madena al-Munawara (Medina) Macca al-Mukarram (Mecca) al-Kifa (Cuba) Di (Damascus) Baġdād (Baghdad) Samarra (Samarra) zahira (Cairo) Sustanity (Constantinople) or Istanbul Formation8 June 632First holderAbu BakrFinal َﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ (Wikipedia article list of Khalifa (Khalifa HolderAbdulmejid IIAbolished3 March 1924 This is the list of people, who held the title of caliph, the islamic state's supreme religious and political leader, known as the caliphate, and the title of ruler of the Islamic umma as the political successors of . All years according to the common era. Reference main article: The Continuity of Muhammad This section of tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used in Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing the best articles for suggestions. (January 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) After the death of the Prophet Muhammad in 632, there was a crisis of succession, because Muhammad did not leave a recognized heir. Ansar (natives of Medina) gathered to decide on a new leader of the Muslim community among themselves. Abu Bakr, a prominent ally of Muhammad, said an attempt to elect a leader outside the Muhammad tribe, Kuraisha, was likely to lead to a split in the community. He presented Umara and Abu Ubaid ibn al-Jarrah as an a potential choice. Another suggestion was that Kuraish and Ansar choose a leader among themselves, who would then rule together. In the end, Umar swore allegiance to Abu Bakr, citing his fame among his comrades. Others soon followed, accepting Abu Bakr almost universally as the first caliph of Islam. Abu Bakr and the three caliphs following him are regarded by Sunni Islam as Rashidun's caliphs (or rightly controlled caliphs). Abu Bakr appointed Umar as his successor on his deathbed. Umar, the second caliph, was killed by a Persian named Piruz Nahavandi. His successor, Usman, was elected by the Electoral Council (Majlis). Usman was killed by members of a disgruntled group. then took control, but was not universally accepted as a caliph by the governors of Egypt, led by Muawiya, who wanted to avenge the murder of Usman. The culmination of this was the Fitna, or the first Islamic civil war. Ali was killed by Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam, Hawarij. His son Hassan ibn Ali abdicated in favor of Muawiya, which turned the caliphate into a hereditary position, thus founding the Ash-Siddak 8 июня 632 (03-13-11 г. н.э.) 22 августа 634 Отец Айши, жена(أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ) Umayyad dynasty. Ecumenical Caliphate Rashidun Caliphate (June 8 632 - January 29, 661) Main articles: Rashidun and Rashidun Caliphate - Calligraphic / Coin Title (and Title) Born from Reigned to Death Relationship with Muhammad Parents House Notes 1 Abe Bakr Аль-Фарук 584 23 августа 634 (06-22-13 г. н.э.) 3 ноября 644 (убит) Отец Хафса, Супруга ﻋﻤﺮ ) اﻟﺨﻄﺎب) Мухаммеда Усман Абу Зухафа Сальма умм-уль-Хаир Бану Тайм Приблизительно четвертый человек, принявшей ислам после начала пророческого пророчества Мухаммеда, начал Риддаские войны в 632 2 ʿUmar ибн аль-Хаттаб Дхун Нурайн 579 1 1 ноября 644 (01-05-24 г. н.э.) 20 июня 656 г. (убит в конце осады его дома) Муж дочерей Мухаммада, Рукайя, а затем Умм Культхум Внук Умм(ﻋﻔﺎن й ( ﻋﺜﻤﺎن) Мухаммеда Хаттаб ибн Нуфаил Хантама бинт Хисям Бану Ади стала мусульманкой примерно на шестом году пророчества Мухаммеда 3 'Усман ибн 'Аффан Амир аль-Му'минхайдарАбу Тураб Аль-Муртаза 15 сентября 601 20 июня 656 (12-21-21-21-Murtaza 35 г. н.э.) 29 января 661 (убит во время молитвы в мечети Kufa) First cousin (ﻋﻠﻲ - أﺑﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ) Хаким бинт Абдул Мутталиб , Мать Мухаммеда по отцовской линии 'Аффан ибн Аби аль-'Ас Арва бинт Курайз Бану Уммая 4 'Али ибн Аби Талиб of Muhammad Husband of muhammad Fatima's daughter Husband Umama bint zinab, granddaughter of Muhammad All modern descendants of Muhammad through Ali Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib Fatima bint Asad Wasborn in Kaaba, Holy Place in Islam The first man to openly convert to Islam Is considered the first successor to Muhammad Ahl al-Baital-Mujtaba 624 661 (six or seven months) 670 Grandson of Muhammad Son Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi-Talib , Fourth Caliph Rashidun(ﻋﻠﻲ Bye muslim Hassan ibn Ali of the caliphate (661) - Calligraphic name (and names) Birth reigned from reigned to death Relationship with Muhammad (or previous caliph) Parents House Notes 5 zasan ibn ʿAli and first imam of Shiite Islam Fatima, Mohammed's daughter and his first wife, Khadija Banu Hashim, are believed to be Mohammed's second successor to Shi'ite Muslims, signed a deal with Muawiya that led to the latter coming to political power, also known as the 5th Caliphate of Caliph Rashidun Umayyad (661 - 6 August 750) Main article: Umayyad of April 29 or May 1, 680 Semi Brother Ramla Bint Abu Sufyan, The wife of Mohammed Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Hind bint 'Utbach worked as one of at least 29 scribes during Muhammad ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ) the Caliphate - Coin / Portrait Of Name (and Names) Born from Ruled to Death Relationship with Muhammad (or previous caliph) Parents Marks 6 Mu'awiyah I (661 602 November 683 684 Son Yazid I Yazid I , Ummayad caliph Last Ummayadh caliph from the line Sufyanid died ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ) November 683 Son Mu'awiyah I Mu 'Awiyah i i ummayad caliph maisun bint Bajdal Title Califa also claimed' Abd Allah ibn al-zubair in 680 8 Mu'awiyah II (664 ﻳﺰﻳﺪ) became governor of during the reign of Umar 7 Yazid I (11 647680 May 7 685 Cousin 'Usman ibn 'Affan Hakam ibn Abi al-'How the ascent of Marwan pointed to a shift in the line of the Umayyad dynasty from descendants of Abu Sufyan (Sufyanids) to hakam (Marwanids), both of whom were the grandsons of Umayya (for whom the Umayya dynasty) 10 'Abd al-Malik ibn ﻣﺮوان without children 9 Marwan I (684 626-623 February 674 715 September (ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎن - ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻤﻠﮏ) October 705 23 February 715 Son Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan Abd Al-Malik Ummayadh Khalifa Walid bint al-Abbas 12 Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik اﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻷول) October 8 705 Son Marwan I Marwan I, Ummayad Khalifa 'Aisha bint Muawiya i ibn al-Muhrair 11 Al-Waleed I (668 ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ) ﻣﺮوان Marwan (8 685 646 November 2 682 September 717 February 720 Grandson marwan I Cousin Al-Waleed I and Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik great-grandson 'Umar ibn al-Khattab of the women's line 'Abd al-Aziz Marwan (ﻋﻤﺮ - ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ) Son Abd al-Malik Younger Brother al-Walid I Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan , Ummayad Caliph Walid bint Al-Abbas 'Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz 717 22 ﻫﺸﺎم - ﻋﺒﺪ) February 720 26 January 26 724 Son Abd al-Malik ibn Marwana Abd al-Malika ibn Marwan Ummayad Caliph Atika bint Yazid 15 Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ﻳﺰﻳﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ) Umm Asim Leila bint Asim ibn Umar Widely known as the 5th Khalif Rashidun Some call him the sixth caliph of Rashidun, counting 5th Rashidun Hassan ibn Ali 14 Yazidi II (10 687 April 744 3/4 October 744 Son al-Waleed i al-Waleed I ﻳﺰﻳﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ) February 743 17 April 744 (killed) Son of Yazid II Nephew hisham ibn Abd al-Malik Yazid II, Ummayadh Caliph 17 Yazid III (17 701 اﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ) January 26 724 6 February 743 Son Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan Abd al-Malik ibn , Ummayad Khalif Fatima bint Hee 16 Al-Waleed II (6 709 اﻟﻤﻠﻚ) 691 August 750 (killed) Grandson marwan I Muhammad ibn Marwan (January 25 750 - February 20, 1258) Main article: Abbasid Caliphate ﻣﺮوان ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ) several weeks) January 25 750 (executed) Son of Al-Walid I al-I Walid, Ummayadh Caliph 19 Marwan II (6 4) اﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ ) Ummayad Caliph Persian Princess 18 Ibrahim ibn al-Waleed (744 , Image / Coin Regnal name Personal name Born from the king until then until the death of Parents Marks 20 Al-Saffa 'Abdallah Abul-Abbes 721 750 June 10 754 Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdullah Al-Harsia Descendant of Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib , Uncle Muhammad 21 Al-Mansour Abu Jafar 'Abdallah 714 10 June 754 775 Muhammad ibn ibn Ali Abdullah Al- Abdallah who was a descendant of Muhammad, the sixth Shiite imam and a major figure in Sunni jurisprudence 22 Al-Mahdi Abu Abdullah Muhammad 744/745 775 August 4 785 Al-Mansour , Abbasid caliph named al-Mahdi al-Mansour to turn his subjects from the family 'Alid to the family ' Abbas) 23 Al-Hadi Abu Muhammad Musa 764 August 785 14 September 786 Al-Mahdi, Abbasid Caliph al-Haizuran bint 'Atta 24 Al-Rashid Haroun 763/766 September 786 24 March 809 Al-Mahdi, Abbasid Caliph al-Haizuran bint 'Atta 25 Al-Amin Muhammad 787 March 809 24/25 September 813 Harun al-Rashid, Abbasid caliph zubaydah bint Jafar, granddaughter of Al-Mansour, Abbasid Caliph 26 Al-Mamoun Abu Jaʿfar 'Abdallah 13/14 September 786 September 813 9 August 833 Harun al-Rashid, Abbasid Caliph Marajil 27 Al-Mutasim Abe Ishak Muhammad 796 83 August 833 January 842 Harun al-Rashid, Abbas Khalidh Marida 28 Al-Watik Abu Jafar Haroun 811-813 5 January 842 10 August 847 Al-Mutasim, Abbasid Caliph zaratis 29 Al-Mutawakkil Jafar February/March 822 10 August 847 11 December 861 (killed) Al-Mutasim , Abbasid Caliph Shuja 30 Al-Muntasir Abu Ja'far Muhammad November 837 861 7 or 8 June 862 Al-Mutawakkil, Abbasid Caliph Reigned during the Anarchy at Samarra (861–870) 31 Al-Musta'in Ahmad 836 862 866 (executed) Muhammad, son of Al-Mu'tasim, Abbasid Caliph 32 Al- Mu'tazz – 847 866 869 Al-Mutawakkil, Abbasid Caliph 33 Al-Muhtadi Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad 869 21 June 870 Al-Wathiq, Abbasid Caliph Greek concubine 34 Al-Mu'tamid Abu'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad 842 21 June 870 15 October 892 Al-Mutawakkil, Abbasid Caliph 35 Al-Mu'tadid Abu'l-'Abbas Ahmad 854/861 October 892 5 April 902 Al-Muwaffaq, regent of the Abbasid Caliphate Dirar Grandson of Al-Mutawakkil, Abbasid Caliph 36 Al-Muktafi Abu Ahmad ʿAlî 877/878 5 April 902 13 August 908 Al-Mu'tadid, Abbasid Caliph 37 Al-Muqtadir Abu al-Fadl Ja'far 895 13 August 908 929 31 October 932(killed) Al-Mu'tadid , Abbasid caliph Name caliph also claimed al-Mahdi Billah Fatimid in 909 (not accepted Muslim possessions in Umayyad-ruled Iberian Peninsula). 38 Al-Kahir Abu Mansour Muhammad 899 929 950 Al-Mutatid, Abbasid Caliph (37) Al-Muktadir Abu al-Fadl Jafar 895 929 31 October 932 (killed) Al-Muttidid, Caliph Khalifa Khalifa Abbasid also claimed Abd al-Rahman III of Cordoba January 16 929 (38) Al-Sahir Abu Mansour Muhammad 899 31 October 932 934 950 Al-Muttide, Abbasid Caliph 39 Al-Radi Abu al-Abbas Muhammad December 909 934 23 December 940 Al-Muqtadir, Abbasid Caliph 40 Al-Muttaki Abu Ishak Ibrahim 908 940 944 July 968 Al-Muktadir, Abbasid Caliph Halub or zahra Beginning later Abbasid period 41 Al-Mustaqfi 'Abdallah 905 September 944 January 946 September/October 9 49 Al-Muktafi, Khalif Abbasid 42 Al-Muti Abu al-Kasim al-Fael 914 January 946 974 Al-Muktadir, Abbasid Caliph 43 At-Tai - 932 974 991 3 August 1003 Al-Muti Muti , Abbasid Caliph 44 Al-Kadir - 947 1 November 991 29 November 1031 Ishak bin Khalifa Al-Muktadir Tumna 45 Al-Kaim - 1001 29 November 1031 2 April 1075 Al-Kadir, Abbas Khalif 46 Al-Muktadi 1056 2 April 1075 February 1094 Muhammad, son of Al-Qa'im, Abbasid Caliph Urjuman, Armenian concubine 47 Al-Mustazhir – April/May 1078 February 1094 6 August 1118 Al-Muqtadi, Abbasid Caliph 48 Al-Mustarshid – April/May 1092 6 August 1118 29 August 1135 Al-Mustazhir, Abbasid Caliph 49 Ar-Rashid – 1109 29 August 1135 1136 6 June 1138(killed by Hashshashins) Al-Mustarshid, Abbasid Caliph 50 Al-Muqtafi – 9 March 1096 1136 12 March 1160 Al-Mustazhir, Abbasid Caliph 51 Al-Mustanjid – 1124 12 March 1160 20 December 1170 Al-Muqtafi, Abbasid Caliph Thawus 52 Al-Mustadi Hassan 1142 20 December 1170 30 March 1180 Al-Mustanjid, Abbasid Caliph 53 An-Nasir – 6 August 1158 2 March 1180 4 October 1225 Al-Mustadi, Abbasid Caliph Zumurrud, concubine 54 Az- – 1176 5 October 1225 11 July 1226 An-Nasir , Аббасид халиф 55 Аль-Мутансир Абе Джафар 17 февраля 1192 11 июля 1226 2 декабря 1242 Аз-Захир, Аббасид халиф 56 Аль-Мустасим - 1213 2 декабря 1242 20 февраля 1258 Аль-Мустансир, Аббасид халиф Последний Аббасид халиф Interregnum монгольский мешок Багдада В течение более позднего периода правления Аббасидов, мусульманские правители начали использовать другие названия, такие как султан. Династия Мамлюк Аббасидов (1261 - 1517) Халифы Каира (13 июня 1261 - 22 января 1517) Каирские Аббасиды были в основном церемониальными халифами под патронажем Султаната Мамлюк, который существовал после захвата династии Айюбид. [6] [7] # Regnal name Personal name Reign Parents Notes 57 Al-Mustansir Abu al-Qasim Ahmad 13 June 1261 – 28 November 1261 Az-Zahir Installed as Caliph in Cairo, Egypt by the Mamluk Sultans in 1261 Title caliph also claimed by Al Hakim I who was installed as caliph by ruler of Aleppo 58 Al-Hakim I Abu 'Abdullah Muhammad 16 November 1262 – 19 January 1302 Abu 'Ali al-Hasan Great-grandson of Al-Mustarshid Installed as caliph by ruler of Aleppo in 1261 Proclaimed as caliph by Mamluk Sultan after Al-Mustansir II died 59 Al-Mustakfi I Abu ar-Rabi' Sulaiman 20 January 1302 – February 1340 Al-Hakim I 60 Al-Wathiq I Abu Ishaq Ibrahim February 1340 – 17 June 1341 Muhammad, son of Al-Hakim I 61 Al-Hakim II Abu al-'Abbas Ahmad 1341 – 1352 Al-Mustakfi I 62 Al-Mu'tadid I Abu Bakr 1352 – 1362 Al-Mustakfi I 63 Al-Mutawakkil I Abu 'Abdillah Muhammad 1362 – 1377 Al-Mu'tadid I 64 Al-Mus'tasim Abu Yahya Zakariya 1377 Al-Wathiq I (63) Al-Mutawakkil I Abu 'Abdillah Muhammad 1377 – 1383 Аль-Мутатид I 65 Аль-Ватик II 'Умар Сентябрь 1383 - 13 Ноябрь 1386 Аль-Ватик I (64) Аль-Мус'тасим Абу Яхья Закария 1 386 - 1389 Аль-Ватик I (63) Аль-Мутаваккил I Абу Абдилла Мухаммад 1389 - 9 января 1406 Аль-Мутатид I 66 Al - Мустаинь Абу аль-Фадль аль-Аббас 22 Январь 1406 - 9 Март 1414 Аль-Мутаваккил I Бай Хатун стал султаном Египта с 7 мая 1412 по 6 ноября 1412 67 Аль-Мутатид II Абу аль-Фатх Дауд 1414 - 1441 Аль-Мутаваккил I Казаль 68 Аль-Мустакфи II Абу ар-Раби' 1441 - 29 January 1451 Al-Mutawaqqil I 69 Al-Kaim Abu al-Baq Hamza 1451 - 1455 Al-Mutawaqqil I 70 Al-Mustanjid Abu al-Mahasin Yusuf 1 1 455 - 1455 - 1455 7 April 1479 Al-Mutawaqqil I 71 Al-Mutawaqqil II Abu al-Izz 'Abdul 'Aziz April 5 1479 - 27 September 1497 Yaqub bin Al-Mutawaqqil I al-Malik 72 Al-Must Audamsik Abu al-Sabr 1497 - 1508 Al-Mutawaqqil II 73 Al-Mutawaqil III Muhammad 1508 - 1516 Al-Mustamsik (72) Al- Mustamsik Abu al-Sabr 1516 - 1517 Al-Mutawaqqil II (73) Al-Mutawaqil III Muhammad 1517 Al-Mustamsik He officially surrendered The title of caliph, as well as its external emblems - the sword and mantle of Muhammad - to the Ottoman sultan Selim I in 1517, made him the last caliph of the Abbasid dynasty and Banu Kuraish of the Ottoman Caliphate (1517 - 3 March 1924) The main article: The Ottoman Caliphate Head of the Ottoman Dynasty was simply entitled Sultan originally , but soon he began to accumulate the names of the supposed peoples. Murad I (rule 1362-1389) was the first Ottoman contender for the title of caliph; claimed the title after Edirne's conquest. Portrait of Tugra Name ReignIng Parents Celebrates 74 Selim I 1517 - 21 September 1520 Bayezid II Gulbahar Khatun reigned until his death. 75 Suleiman I September 30, 1520 - September 6 or 7, 1566 Selim I Hafsa Sultan reigned until his death. 76 Selim II September 29, 1566 - December 21, 1574 Suleiman I Hurrem Sultan ruled until his death. 77 Murad III December 22, 1574 - January 16, 1595 Selim II Nurbanu Sultan reigned until his death. 78 Mehmed III January 27, 1595 - 20 or 21 December 1603 Murad III Safiye Sultan reigned until his death. 79 Ahmed I December 21, 1603 - November 22, 1617 Mehmed III Handan Sultan ruled until his death. 80 Mustafa I 22 November 1617 - 26 February 1618 Mehmed III Halim Sultan was overthrown because of his insyndrome mental retardation in favor of his young nephew Osman II. 81 Osman II February 26, 1618 - 19 May 1622 Ahmed I Mahfiruz Hatun was overthrown during the January riots of May 19, 1622; Killed on May 20, 1622 by the great vizier Kara Davood Pasha (Black Dawood Pasha) from the compression of his testicles. (80) Mustafa I May 20, 1622 - September 10, 1623 Mehmed III Halim Sultan returned to the throne after the assassination of his nephew Osman II; Deposed due to his syndrome mental retardation and limited until his death in Istanbul on January 20, 1639. 82 Murad IV September 10, 1623 - 8 or 9 February 1640 Ahmed I Kesem Sultan ruled until his death. 83 Ibrahim 9 February 1640 - 8 August 1648 Ahmed I Kesem Sultan overthrown on August 8, 1648 in a coup d'etat led by Sheikh ul-Islam; Strangled in Istanbul on August 18, 1648 by the command of the great vizier Mevlev Mehmed Pasha (Sofu Mehmed Pasha). 84 Mehmed IV August 8, 1648 - November 8, 1687 Ibrahim Turhan Sultan overthrown On November 8, 1687 after the Ottoman Empire in the second Battle of Mohac; He died in Edirne on January 6, 1693. 85 Suleiman II November 8, 1687 - June 22, 1691 Ibrahim Agub Sultan ruled until his death. 86 Ahmed II June 22, 1691 - February 6, 1695 Ibrahim Muazez Sultan ruled until his death. 87 Mustafa II February 6, 1695 - August 22, 1703 Mehmed IV Gulnush Sultan was overthrown on August 22, 1703, as a result of the janissari uprising known as the Edirne Event; He died in Istanbul on January 8, 1704. 88 Ahmed III August 22, 1703 - October 1 or 2, 1730 Mehmed IV Gunnush Sultan was overthrown by the Janissari rebellion led by Patron Khalil; He died on July 1, 1736. 89 Mahmoud I October 2, 1730 - December 13, 1754 Mustafa II Salih Sultan ruled until his death. 90 Osman III December 13, 1754 - 29 or 30 October 1757 Mustafa II zehsuvar Sultan reigned until his death. 91 Mustafa III October 30, 1757 - January 21, 1774 Ahmed III Michrisha Kadon; Rules until his death. 92 Abdul Hamid I January 21, 1774 - 6 or 7 April 1789 The son of Ahmed III zermi Kadyn; Rules until his death. 93 Selim III April 7, 1789 - May 29, 1807 Mustafa III Mihrisha Sultan; Deposed by the janissari uprising led by Kabako Mustafa against his reforms; Killed in Istanbul on July 28, 1808, by the command of the Ottoman Sultan Mustafa IV. 94 Mustafa IV May 29, 1807 - July 28, 1808 Abdul Hamid I Cineperver Sultan deposed in an uprising led by Alemdar Mustafa Pasha; Executed in Istanbul on November 17, 1808 on the orders of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmoud II. 95 Mahmoud II on July 28, 1808 - July 1, 1839, Abdul Hamid I Nakhidil Sultan disbanded Janissa as a result of a favorable event in 1826; Rules until his death. 96 Abdulmejid I July 1, 1839 - June 25, 1861 Mahmoud II Bezmikhlem Sultan; Proclaimed Hutt Sharif (Imperial Edict) Gulhane (Tanzimat Fermanagh), who began the Tanzimat period of reforms and reorganization on November 3, 1839 on the orders of the reformist Great Viziri Mustafa Rashid Pasha; Adopted on 18 February 1856 by Islewat Khat-i Hyamayun (Imperial Reform Decree) (Islewat Fermanagh); Rules until his death. 97 Abdulazeez June 25, 1861 - May 30, 1876 Mahmoud II Perevnil Sultan; Toppled by his ministers; Found dead (suicide or murder) five days later. 98 Murad V May 30, 1876 - August 31, 1876 Abdulmejid I zeukefza Kadyn; Deposed because of his efforts to implement democratic reforms in the empire; He was ordered to live in Eragan Palace, where he died on August 29, 1904. 99 Abdul Hamid II August 31, 1876 - April 27, 1909 Abdulmejid I Thirimyuigan Kadyn reluctantly allowed the First Constitutional Era on November 23, 1876, and then suspended it and returned to personal rule on February 13, 1878; Forced to restore the Second Constitutional Era on July 3, 1908; Deposed following the March 31 incident Limited to the Palace of Weilerbey, where he died on February 10, 1918. 100 Mehmed V April 27, 1909 - July 3, 1918 Abdulmejid I Gulchamal Kadyn; Prior to his death, he was the figure of Mehmed Talat, Ismail Enver and Ahmed Jemal (Jemal) Pashas. 101 Mehmed VI July 4, 1918 - November 1, 1922 Abdulmejid I Guleste Hanim; The Sultanate has been abolished; He left Istanbul on 17 November 1922; He died in exile in San Remo, Italy, on May 16, 1926. 102 - Abdulmejid II November 18, 1922 - March 3, 1924 Abdulaziz Khayranidil Kadon; Elected caliph of TBMM; Expelled after the abolition of the Ottoman caliphate; Died in Paris, France, on August 23, 1944. The office of the Ottoman Caliphate was handed over to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which dissolved the office on March 3, 1924, in accordance with the policy of secularism adopted in the early years of the Turkish Republic by its President Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. After the abolition of the caliphate, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey established the Presidency for Religious Affairs as the new highest Islamic religious authority in the country. The caliphates of non-ecumenical caliphates are not recognized by the majority of Muslims. The caliphate of Ibn al-Subair (684-692) Main article: The uprising of Ibn al-Subair Silver Dirham by Abdallah ibn al-Subair Abdullah ibn al-Subayr, nephew of Aisha, Muhammad's third wife, led the uprising against the Umayyad Caliphate in 684 AD. He was proclaimed a caliph in Mecca, but was defeated and killed there in 692 AD after a six-month siege by General al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf. - Calligraphic name (and names) Birth reigned from reign to death Parents House Marks 1 Abdallah ibn al-zubair May, 624 AD November, 683 AD November, 692 AD November, 692 AD November, 692 AD AD Hall-zubair ibn al-Awwam Asma bint Abi Bakr, Banu Asda Grandson Abu Bakar al-Siddiq (first owner of the caliphate Rashidun) Ummayad caliphate of Cordoba (929-1031) Main article: Caliphate of Cordoba (Not all accepted ; actual power limited by Spain and parts of the Maghreb) Muhammad al-Umawi , Umayyad Caliph al-Hakam II 961-976 Abd-al-Rahman III Murjan Hisham II al-Hakam 976-1009 Al-Hakam II Sub Muhammad II 10 Hisham bin Abd al-Jabbar Abd al-Rahman III, grandson of Abd al-Rahman III Muqna Suleiman ibn al-Hakam 1009-1010 Al-Hakam bin Suleiman bin Abd al-Rahman III, grandson Abd al-Rahman III Tabiya Hisham II al-Hakam 1010-1013 Al-Hakam II Subh Suleiman ibn al-Hakam 1013-1016 Al-Hakam bin Suleiman bin Abd al-Rahman III , grandson of Abd al-Rahman III Tabiya Abd al-Rahman IV 1021-1022 Mohammed, grandson of Abd al-Rahman III Abd al-Rahman v 1022-1023 Hisham bin Abd al-Jabbar bin Abd III, grandson of Abd al-Rahman III Gala Muhammad III 1023-1024 Abd al-Rahman bin Ubaid Allah bin Abd al-Rahman III, grandson of Abd al-Rahman III Hawra Hisham III 1027-1031 Muhammad bin Abd al-Malik bin Abd al-Rahman III, grandson of Abd al-Rahman III 'Ateb Fatimid of the Caliphate (909-1171) Main articles: and the list of caliphs of the Fatimid caliphate Of the Fatimid Caliphate (Fatimids were Isma'ili Shiites, who claimed that the descendants of the daughter of Mohammed Fatim and were seen as heretics of the Sunnis. legitimate successor to the title of caliph transferred from Muhammad, as there was no legitimate evidence that they were descendants of Fatima). The name of the reigning Parents marks Al- Mahdi Bill 909-934 Radi Abdullah, Imam of Ismailiism Descendant of Fatima, The Youngest Daughter of Muhammad Founder of the Fatimid dynasty Al-Kaim Bi-Amrill 934-946 Abdullah al-Mahdi Bill al-Mansour bi-Nasr Allah 946-953 Al-Kaim bi-Amr Allah al-Muiz Lidinilla 953-975 Al-Mansour bi-Nasr Egypt conquered during his reign. Cairo is founded and becomes a new place of the dynasty. Al-Aziz Billah 975-996 Al-Muizz li-Din Allah al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 996-1021 Al-Aziz Billa Ali Al-Sahir 1021-1036 Al Hakim bi-Amr Allah al-Amr Allah al-Amr Mutansir Bill 1036-1094 Ali al-Sahir al-Musti 1094-1101 Al-Mutansir Billah Quarrels over his succession led to Ni Azari-Mutsa'li split al-Amir 1101-1130 Al-Mutsa'li al- Hafiz 1130-1149 Muhammad ibn al-Mutansir Hafizi-Taibi split in Mutsa 'li Ismailiism Al-Safir 1149-1154 Al-Hafiz al Faiz 1154-1160 Al-Safir al-Azid 1160-1171 Yusuf , son of Al-Hafiz Saladin abolishes The Fatimid Caliphate Almohad Caliphate (1145-1269) Home article : Almohad caliphate of the Almohad dynasty to the greatest extent (about 1200) (Not widely accepted, Actual Dominions were parts of North Africa and Iberia) 1199-1213 Abu Yaqub Yusuf II 1213-1224 Abd al-Wahid I 1224 Abdallah al-Adil 1224-1227 Yahya 1227-1235 Idris I 1 227- 1232 Abdul-Wahid II 1232-1242 Ali 1242-1248 Umar 1248-1266 Idris II 1266-1269 Indian caliphates From the 12th century, despite the South Asian domination of numerous Muslim empires , kingdoms and sultanates, Islamic caliphates were not fully tried to be established through the Indian subcontinent. However, under the sharia rule of Sunni emperors such as Alauddin Halji, Aurangzeb of the Mughal Empire and the rulers of Misrera Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan, it is clear that absolute forms of the caliphate have emerged. They greatly influenced the Franco-Italian Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte and soldiers of the British Empire. Sokoto Caliphate (1804-1903) Main article: Sokoto Sokoto Caliphate (pink) most (about 1800) (Not widely recognized, actual possessions were parts of West Africa) Created by Tariqa Islamic scholar and religious leader Usman dan Fodio through Fulani War (alternatively known as Fulani Jihad), which sought to reduce the influence of pre-Islamic religious practices and spread a more vigorous form of Islam through the egid caliphate. Bornu and Songhai Empires Main Articles: The Empire of Bornu and songhai Empire of the Bourne Empire the most (p. 1750) Songhai Empire to the greatest extent (p. 1500) Several rulers of West Africa took the title of caliph. Mai Ali Haji ibn Dunama was the first ruler of the Bornu Empire to receive the title. Askia Mohammad I of the Songhai Empire also took over the title around the same time. No ecumenical caliphates declared after 1900 after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, there was not a single recognized, ecumenical caliphate. Sharif Caliphate (1924-1925) Main article: Map of the Sharif Caliphate with the kingdom green, and the current region in red. The last attempt to restore the Kalifal office and ecumenical style was made by Hussein bin Ali, King of Hedges and Sharif Mecca, who took over on March 11, 1924, and held them until October 3, 1924, when he handed over the kingdom to his son Ali ibn al-Hussein al-Hashimi, who did not accept the Caliph office and style. However, Hussein's claim to the caliphate was not accepted, and in 1925 he was expelled from Hedgez by Ibn Saud's forces for lack of support for Sharia law. He continued to use the title of caliph during his remaining life in exile, :English ;ﺧﻠﯿﻔ اﻟﻤﺴﯿﺢ :Urdu ;ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻴﺢ :until his death in 1931. Like the Fatimid caliphs, he was a descendant of Muhammad through the grandson of Hassan ibn Ali. Non-politician Ahmadiyya Caliphate (1908-present) ( ) - Main article: Masih Caliphate - List of the flag of the Muslim community of Ahmadiyya Ahmadiyya. The caliphate of Masih ( Successor to the Messiah) or Khalifa of the Ahmadi community ,58, sometimes simply called Khalifa (i.e. caliph, successor) is the spiritual and organizational leader of the world community of Ahmadiyya and successor to Mirza Gulam Ahmad of Kadian, who claimed that Mahdi and Messi are in the community. The caliph is believed to be divinely guided, and members of the Ahmadiyya community are called Amir al-Mumin (leader of the faithful). The fifth and present Caliphate of Masih is Mirza Masrur Ahmad. The first caliph was in the 34th straight line of the male origin of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab; the second caliph was in the 41st straight line of male origin of Hussein ibn Ali and therefore his followers. After the death of Ghulam Ahmad, his successors led the Ahmadiyya community of Kadian, which remained community until 1947 with the establishment of Pakistan. Since then, the headquarters have remained in Rabwa, a city built on land purchased in Pakistan by the community in 1948. In 1984, the Government of Pakistan adopted Decree XX, which made masih's caliphate incapable of carrying out its duties and endangered the institution itself. In connection with these circumstances, the Caliphate Masih IV left Pakistan and migrated to London, England, having previously moved to the Fazl Mosque. See also the World Caliphate Shah Emir Al-Islam List Of Sheikh-ul- of the Ottoman Empire Grand Imam Al-Azhar List of Great Imams al-Azhar List of Presidents of Al-Azhar University Mouride Leadership Continuity Muhammad History of Islam Shiite Islam Sunni Islam Sharifata Mecca Notes Mirza Ghulam Ahmad is the founder of the Ahmad sect. The Sunni mainstream and most Muslims reject the sect because it believes in the Prophet after Muhammad; The persecution of Ahmadiyya can also be seen in this topic. Links to Imam Hassan as. Duas.org Al-Mudaffar, Sheikh Muhammad al-Hussein. Imam Jafar Sadiq. page 291. Ibn Maya (1368). Al-Sunan, II. Pool Lane 2004, page 12-13 - Bosworth 2004, page 6-7 - Bosworth 2004, page 7 - Hutsma and Wensink 1993, page 3 - Lane Pool 2004, p. 195 - Bosworth 2004, page 239-240 , as well as Lambton, Ann; Lewis, Bernard (1995). Cambridge history of Islam: Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, Africa and the Muslim west. 2. Cambridge University Press. page 320. ISBN 9780521223102. Received on March 14, 2015. Yavuz Sultan Selim Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Kanouni Sultan Suleiman Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan II. Selim Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan III. Murad Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan III. Mehmed Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan I. Ahmed. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. b Sultan I. Mustafa. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan II. Osman Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan IV. Murad Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan Ibrahim Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan IV. Mehmed. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan II. Suleiman Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan II. Ahmed Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Get Sultan II. Mustafa Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan III. Ahmed Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan I. Mahmoud Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan III. Osman Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan III. Mustafa Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan I. Abdyulhamit Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan III. Selim Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan IV. Mustafa Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan II. Mahmoud Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan Abdulmehid Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan Abdalaziz Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan V. Murad Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan II. Abdyulhamid Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan V. Mehmed Reshad Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. Sultan VI. Mehmed Wahbettin Khan. Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Received 2009-02-06. As̜ iroğlu, 1992, page 13 and As̜ iroğlu 1992, 17 and As̜ iroğlu 1992, p. 14 - Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O edited by Tony Jack and Lane Poole 2004, page 21 - Bosworth 2004, page 11 - Lane Pool 2004, page 71 - Bosworth 2004, page 63 - Lane Pool 2004, page 47 - Bosworth 2004, p. 39 , Jackson, Roy (2010). ,Kanishka Publishing, original source from the University of Michigan ISBN 9788173915376 - Hussein ,ﻫﻨﺪوﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻴﮟ ﻓﺎرﺳﻰ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻧﮕﺎرى: ٧١وﻳﮟ ﺻﺪى ﻛ آﺧﺮى ﻧﺼﻒ ﺳ ٨١وﻳﮟ ﺻﺪى ﻛ ﭘﻬﻠ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺗﮏ ﻓﺎرﺳﻰ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻧﮕﺎرى ﻛﺎ ارﺗﻘﺎء :(Mawlana Maududi and political Islam: power and the Islamic State. Routledge. ISBN 9781136950360. Shah Muhammad Wasim (2003 S M (2002). The structure of the policy under Aurangzeb 1658-1707. Distributors of Kanishka Publishing House (2002). ISBN 978-8173914898. Banarsi Prasad Saxena (1992) Khalji: Alauddin Halji. Mohammad Habib and Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (India's Comprehensive History: Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 AD). OCLC 31870180.CS1 maint: ref'harv (link) - Nechemia Levsion; Randall Powells. The history of Islam in Africa. Ohio University Press. page 81. Bosworth 2004, page 118 - Ahmadis - Oxford Islamic Studies online. Received 2018-09-03. A controversial messianic movement founded by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Kadian, Punjab (British-controlled India), in 1889. The founder argued that the non-gislating prophet (thus not in opposition to the basic belief in the finality of Muhammad's legislative prophecy) with a divine mandate to revive and renew Islam ... Received 2018-09-03. Ghulam Ahmad, Mirza - Oxford Islamic Studies online. www.oxfordislamicstudies.com. Received 2018-09-08. Founder of the Ahmadi movement in Punjab, India, in 1889... The movement is labeled non-Muslim and fiercely opposes Muslims, although the group considers itself a Muslim. - 2014-12-19 by Wayback - Khilafat - Caliphate - Managed Khilafat - Khilafat e Ahmadiyah - Al Islam Online. www.alislam.org. Bosworth bibliography, Clifford Edmund (2004). New Islamic dynasties: Chronological and genealogical guidance. New Edinburgh Islamic Polls (2nd place). University of Edinburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-2137-8. OCLC 56639413. Houtsma, M.T.; Wensink, A. J. (1993). The first encyclopedia of Islam of 1913-1936 (Reprint) by E.D. Brill requires url (help). Tom IX. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-09796-4. Lane Poole, Stanley (1894). Muhammad's dynasties: Chronological and genealogical tables with historical introductions. Westminster: Archibald Constable and company. OCLC 1199708. Extracted from the four caliphs of islam pdf. four caliphs of islam in order. four caliphs of islam name. four caliphs of islam in urdu pdf. four caliphs of islam slideshare. four caliphs of islam wiki. four caliphs of islam ppt. first four caliphs of islam

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