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A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme Environmental Statement Appendices Appendix 8.1: Air Quality

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A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme Environmental Statement Appendices Appendix 8.1: Air Quality A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement scheme Environmental Statement Appendices Appendix 8.1: Air quality data Date: December 2014 6.3 Page left intentionally blank. A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement scheme Environmental Statement Appendices 1 Planning policy 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG) flowchart 1 1.3 Local planning policies relevant to air quality 2 2 Operational assessment methodology 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Receptors 7 3 Meteorological data 9 4 Baseline data 15 4.1 Introduction 15 4.2 Continuous monitoring data 15 4.3 Diffusion tube monitoring data 17 4.4 Sites used for verification 27 4.5 J2A scheme specific monitoring 51 5 Diffusion tube bias adjustment factors and annualisation 54 5.1 Introduction 54 5.2 Factor from local co-location studies 54 5.3 Discussion of choice of factor to use 56 5.4 Short-term to long-term data adjustment 56 6 Background pollution concentrations 60 7 Operational phase impacts 62 7.1 Introduction 62 7.2 Model verification 62 7.3 Modelled concentrations 69 8 Compliance with EU limit values 126 9 Bibliography 127 f 6.3 December 2014 i A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement Environmental Statement Appendices scheme 1 Planning policy 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 This section provides the National Planning Practice Guidance NPPG flowchart (Box 1) and details of local planning policies which are used to inform significance as described in Chapter 8. 1.2 National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG) flowchart Box 1: NPPG flow chart 6.3 December 2014 1 A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement Environmental Statement Appendices scheme 1.3 Local planning policies relevant to air quality 1.3.1 A review of the local planning policy has identified the following planning policy issues of relevance to air quality : The Cambridge and Peterborough Minerals and Waste Development Plan, Core Strategy Development Plan Document, July 2011: Policy CS36 Traffic and Highways Minerals development will only be permitted where any associated increase in traffic or highway improvements would not cause unacceptable harm to the environment, road safety or residential amenity. Cambridge City Local Plan 2006: “Policy 4/13 Pollution and Amenity Development will only be permitted which: a. does not lead to significant adverse effects on health, the environment and amenity from pollution; or b. can minimise any significant adverse effects through the use of appropriate reduction or mitigation measures. Proposals that are sensitive to pollution, and located close to existing pollution sources, will be permitted only where adequate pollution mitigation measures are provided as part of the development package. Policy 4/14 Air Quality Management Areas Development within or adjacent to an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) will only be permitted if: a. It would have no adverse effect upon air quality within the AQMA; or b. air quality levels within the AQMA would not have a significant adverse effect on the proposed use/ users. North West Cambridge Area Action Plan (October 2009): “Policy NW2: Development principles Planning permission will not be granted where the proposed development or associated mitigation measures would have an unacceptable adverse impact: e) on air quality.” 6.3 December 2014 2 A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement Environmental Statement Appendices scheme The Cambridge Local Plan 2014: Proposed Submission: “Policy 5 Strategic Transport Infrastructure Development proposals must support and contribute toward the implementation of the transport strategies by; e. easing pressure on the air quality management area (AQMA) in the city centre. Policy 36 Air Quality, Odour and Dust Development will be permitted where it can be demonstrated: a. that it does not lead to significant adverse effects on health, the environment or amenity from polluting or malodorous emissions, or dust or smoke emissions to air; or b. where a development is a sensitive end-use, that there will not be any significant adverse effects on health, the environment or amenity arising from existing poor air quality, sources of odour or other emissions to air. Specifically applicants, where reasonable and proportionate, according to the end-use and nature of the area and application, must demonstrate that: c. there is no adverse effect on air quality in an air quality management area (AQMA); d. pollution levels within the AQMA will not have a significant adverse effect on the proposed use/users; e. the development will not lead to the declaration of a new AQMA; f. the development will not interfere with the implementation of the current Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP); g. any sources of emissions to air, odours and fugitive dusts generated by the development are adequately mitigated so as not to lead to loss of amenity for existing and future occupants and land uses; and h. any impacts on the proposed use from existing poor air quality, odour and emissions are appropriately mitigated.” South Cambridgeshire District Council Development Control Policies, July 2007: “Policy NE/16 Emissions 1. Development proposals will need to have regard to any emissions arising from the proposed use and seek to minimise those emissions to control any risks arising and prevent any detriment to the local amenity by locating such development appropriately. 6.3 December 2014 3 A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement Environmental Statement Appendices scheme 2. Where significant increases in emissions covered by nationally prescribed air quality objectives are proposed, the applicant will need to assess the impact on local air quality by undertaking an appropriate modelling exercise to show that the national objectives will still be achieved. Development will not be permitted where it would adversely affect air quality in an Air Quality Management Area. Policy TR/3 Mitigating Travel impact 1. New developments will be required to mitigate their travel impact, including their environmental impact such as noise, pollution and impact on amenity and health.” The South Cambridgeshire Local Plan 2011-2031: Proposed Submission: “Policy SC/13 Air Quality 1. Where development proposals would be subject to unacceptable air quality standards or would have an unacceptable impact on air quality standards they will be refused. 2. Where emissions from the proposed development are prescribed by EU limit values or national objectives, the applicant will need to assess the impact on local air quality by undertaking an appropriate air quality assessment and detailed modelling exercise having regard to guidance current at the time of the application to show that the national objectives will still be achieved. 3. Development will not be permitted where it would adversely affect air quality in an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA); or lead to the declaration of a new AQMA through causing a significant deterioration in local air quality by increasing pollutant levels either directly or indirectly; or if it would expose future occupiers to unacceptable pollutant levels. 4. Larger development proposals that require a Transport Assessment and a Travel Plan as set out in Policy TI/2 will be required to produce a site based Low Emission Strategy. This will be a condition of any planning permission given for any proposed development which may result in the deterioration of local air quality and will be required to ensure the implementation of suitable mitigation measures. 5. Development will be permitted where: a. It can be demonstrated that it does not lead to significant adverse effects on health, the environment or amenity from emissions to air; or 6.3 December 2014 4 A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement Environmental Statement Appendices scheme b. Where a development is a sensitive end use, that there will not be any significant adverse effects on health, the environment or amenity arising from existing poor air quality. 6. Specifically applicants must demonstrate that: c. There is no adverse effect on air quality in an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) from the development; d. Pollution levels within the AQMA will not have a significant adverse effect on the proposed use / users; e. The development will not lead to the declaration of a new AQMA; f. The development will not interfere with the implementation of and should be consistent with the current Air Quality Action Plan; g. The development will not lead to an increase in emissions, degradation of air quality or increase in exposure to pollutants at or above the health based air quality objective; h. Any impacts on the proposed use from existing poor air quality, are appropriately mitigated; i. The development promotes sustainable transport measures and use of low emission vehicles in order to reduce the air quality impacts of vehicles. 7. Applicants shall, where appropriate, prepare and submit with their application, a relevant assessment, taking into account guidance current at the time of the application. TI/2 Sustainable Travel Developers will be required to demonstrate they will make adequate provision to mitigate the likely impacts (including cumulative impacts) of their proposal including environmental impacts (such as noise and pollution) and impact on amenity and health. SC/15 Odour and Other Fugitive Emissions to Air 1. Development likely to generate malodours and emissions to air such as dust, fumes, smoke, heat, radiation, gases, steam or other forms of pollution will only be permitted where it can be demonstrated that it will not have significant adverse effects on: a. health;
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