BEDFORD OUSE (Lower Reaches) ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW JUNE
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EA-fnoCUftrJ L C A ^ S C>f k. 6 E n v ir o n m e n t A g e n c y BEDFORD OUSE (Lower Reaches) ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW JUNE 1999 @ E n v i r o n m e n t A g e n c y ENVIRONMENT AGENCY ANGLIAN REGION CENTRAL AREA NATIONAL LIBRARY & BROMHOLME LANE INFORMATION SERVICE BRAMPTON HUNTINGDON ANGLIAN REGION CAMBS Kingfisher House, Goldhay Way, PEI8 8NE Orton Goldhay, Peterborough PE 2 5ZR • L. i This book is due for return on or before the last date shown below. •Z < V 7 /< ? 2 _ Don Gresswell Ltd., London, N21 Cat. No. 1208 DG 02242/71 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 007685 L“£r-Pi P r- Contents Page Preface ,i Viewpoint 1: Environmental Resources 1.1 Water Resources 1.1 1.1.1 Natural Forces 1.1 1.1.2 Societal Influences 1.4 1.1.3 Abstractions and Removals & Uses, Releases and Discharges 1.5 1.1.4 Illegal Practices 1.10 1.2 Habitat 1.12 1.2.1 Natural Forces 1.21 1.2.2 Societal Influences 1.21 1.2.3 Abstractions and Removals 1.23 1.2.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 1.24 1.2.5 Waste Arisings and Disposal 1.24 1.2.6 Illegal Practices 1.24 Viewpoint 2: Flood Defence & Land Use Flood Defence 2.1 2.1.1 Natural Forces 2.1 2.1.2 Societal Influences 2.4 2.1.3 Uses, Releases and Discharges 2.8 2.1.4 Waste Arisings and Disposal 2.10 2.1.5 Illegal Practices 2.10 Agriculture 2.11 2.2.1 Natural Forces 2.11 2.2.2 Societal Influences 2.11 2.2.3 Abstractions and Removals 2.17 2.2.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 2.18 2.2.5 Waste Arisings and Disposal 2.18 2.2.6 Illegal Practices 2.19 Development 2.r<j 2.3.1 Natural Forces 2.20 2.3.2 Societal Influences 2.22 2.3.3 Abstractions and Removals 2.32 2.3.4 Waste Arisings and Disposal 2.34 2.3.5 Uses, Releases and Discharges 2.36 2.3.6 Illegal Practices 2.36 2.4 Waste Disposal 2.37 2.4.1 Natural Forces 2.37 2.4.2 Societal Influences 2.38 2.4.3 Abstractions and Removals 2.39 2.4.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 2.39 2.4.5 Illegal Practices 2.42 Viewpoint 3: Key Biological Populations, Communities and Biodiversity 3.1 Fisheries 3.1 3.1.1 Natural Forces 3.1 3.1.2 Societal Influences 3.7 3.1.3 Abstractions and Removals 3.7 3.1.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 3.8 3.1.5 Illegal Practices • 3.9 3.2 Freshwater Biology 3.9 3.2.1 Natural Forces 3.9 3.2.2 Societal Influences 3.12 3.2.3 Abstractions and Removals 3.12 3.2.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 3.12 3.2.5 Illegal Practices 3.13 3.3 Biodiversity 3.14 3.3.1 Natural Forces 3.20 3.3.2 Societal Influences , 3.20 3.3.3 Abstractions and Removals 3.22 3.3.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 3.22 3.3.5 Illegal Practices 3.22 Viewpoint 4: Compliance with Targets and Standards 4.1 Water Resources 4.1 4.2 Flood Defence 4.10 4.3 Quality of Surface Waters 4.11 4.4 Quality of Groundwater 4.27 4.5 Air Quality Standards 4.33 4.6 Radioactive Substances Regulation (RSR) 4.40 4.7 Special Waste 4.42 4.8 Nature Conservation Targets, Policies and Strategies 4.49 Viewpoint 5: The Health of the Environment 5.1 Land and Groundwater Contamination 5.1 5.1.1 Natural Forces 5.2 5.1.2 Societal Influences 5.3 5.1.3 Abstractions and Removals 5.5 5.1.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 5.6 5.1.5 Waste Arisings and Disposal 5.7 Viewpoint 6: Aesthetic Quality 6.1 Landscape and Archaeology 611 6.1.1 Natural Forces 6.6 6.1.2 Societal Influences 6.6 6.1.3 Abstractions and Removals 6.9 6.1.4 Waste Arisings and Disposal 6.9 6.1.5 Uses, Releases and Discharges 6.9 6.1.6 Illegal Practices 6.9 6.2 Navigation 6.9 6.2.1 Natural Forces 6.10 6.2.2 Societal Influences 6.10 6.2.3 Abstractions and Removals 6.11 6.2.4 Uses, Reteases and Discharges 6.11 6.2.5 Waste Arisings and Disposal 6.12 6.2.6 Illegal Practices 6.12 6.3 Recreation 6.12 ' 6.3.1 Natural Forces 6.13 6.3.2 • Societal Influences 6.14 6.3.3 Abstractions and Removals 6.17 6.3.4 Uses, Releases and Discharges 6.17 6.3.5 Illegal Practices 6.17 Appendix A: Geology and Hydrogeology A1 Appendix B: Water Quality B1 Appendix C: Glossary and Abbreviations Cl M aps Page 1.1 Licensed Abstractions . 1.8 1.2 Statutory Conservation Areas 1.16 2.1 Topography 2.3 2.2 Major Flood Areas 2.5 2.3 Statutory Navigation 2.7 2.4 Agricultural Land Classification 2.12 2.5 Development and Environmental Constraints 2.21 2.6 Infrastructure 2.23 2.7 Plan Area Overview - Local Authorities 2.25 2.8 Waste Management Facilities 2.40 3.1 Fisheries Classification (Biomass) 3,2 3.2 Rare or Important Freshwater Invertebrate Distribution 3.11 4.1 Licensed Discharges 4.14 4.2 Long Term Water Quality Objectives 4.19 4.3 Compliance with River Quality Targets 4.20 4.4 River Ecosystem Class (1997) Chemical Grades 4.21 4.5 . Biological Quality of Watercourses 4.22 4.6 Groundwater Vulnerability 4.29 4.7 Public Water Supply (Groundwater) Sites and Source Protection Zones 4.30 4.8 Air Quality 4.35 4.9 EPC and RAS Sites 4.41 6.1 Character Areas 6.4 6.2 Scheduled Ancient Monuments 6.7 6.3 Angling Clubs 1997-1998 6.15 6.4 Water Related Recreation 6.16 A1 Solid Geology and Mineral Extraction Sites A3 Tables Page 1.1 Key River Statistics 1.3 1.2 Licence Types and Inspection Frequencies 1.11 1.3 Flood Plain Meadows between St Neots and Earith 1.14 2.1 Changes in Agricultural Land Use 2.14 2.2 Farm Types by Number 2.15 2.3 Cropping 2.16 2.4 Net Dwelling Requirement 1991-2016 128 3.1 Aquatic Invertebrate Species of Conservation Interest in the LEAP area 3.10 3.2 Definition of Conservation Status Categories 3.14 3.3 UK Priority Biodiversity Species 3.14 3.4 Status of National Priority Biodiversity Species in the LEAP area 3.17 3.5 Management Guidelines 3.18 4.1 Target Level of Service and Status 4.4 4.2 Cessation Clauses to Control Abstraction 4.5 4.3 Water Level Management Plans 4.6 4.4 Quantity Evaluation 4.8 4.5 Water Company Total Leakage Figures for 1997/8 4.8 4.6 Summary of Water Resources Status and Expected Trends 4.9 4.7 Description of Chemical and Biological GQA Classes 4.16 4.8 Descriptions of the River Ecosystem Classes 4.17 4.9 Discharges where more stringent consent limits are necessary to achieve compliance with the long-terms WQOs 4.23 4.10 Pollution Incidents in the Bedford Ouse LEAP Area (1998) 4.25 4.11 IPC Processes 4.39 4.12 IPC Authorisations by Industry Sector 4.40 4.13 RSA 93 Authorisations 4.40 4.14 Number and Type of Licensed Sites 4.49 6.1 The Character of the Bedford Ouse LEAP Area 6.1 6.2 Changes if Tranquil Areas in the LEAP Area 6.3 Figures l.l Deviation from Long Term Average Rainfall at Silsoe, Bedfordshire 1.2 1.2 Average Monthly Rainfall and Evaporation in the Bedford Ouse LEAP Area 1.2 1.3 Volume of Water Licensed (excluding PWS) 1.6 1.4 Number of Licences Issued (excluding PWS) 1.6 4.1 Change in River Chemical Quality 1992-1997 4.17 4.2 Change in River Biological Quality 1992-1997 4.17 4.3 Substantiated (Pollution) Incidents by Source 1996-1998 4.27 4.4 (Pollution) Incidents by Category 1996-1998 4.27 4.5 Substantiated (Pollution) Incidents by Type 1996-1998 4.27 4.6 Waste Hierarchy PREFACE This Environment Overview has been prepared to provide supporting information to the Bedford Ouse (Lower Reaches) Draft Local Environment Agency Plan (LEAP). It is a factual description of the local environment and the associated environmental stresses and strains. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the Draft LEAP or in isolation as a reference on the state of the local environment. From this overview a series of issues have emerged which have been carried forward into the Draft LEAP for consideration by the Agency, its partner organisations and those individuals and organisations generally interested in the local environment. We are committed to reporting on the State of the Environment (SoE) and have a duty to form an opinion on the state of pollution of the environment under the Environment Act (1995). SoE reporting will look at pressures placed on the different environmental media (land, air and water) individually and as a whole, and should help to identify trends that can assist in establishing overall operational priorities. The framework for measuring the SoE comes from the Agency publication ‘Viewpoints on the Environment’ (1998).