The Big Three High Leonardo Renaissance Michelangelo 1500 – 1600 Raphael The action moves to Rome
Renaissance Josquin timeline Ave Maria . . .
Michelangelo Donatello David David
Michelangelo
Raphael
Leonardo
REFORMATION Leonardo da Vinci artist-scientist
1400 1500 1600
perspective The Last Supper proportion
4 groups of 3
1 Madonna and Child with St. Anne Mona Lisa aka La Gioconda
• 1503-5
• Oil on wood
Curves in background tie into curves in garment (relating fg & • Monumentality bg becomes an issue) • Figure as architecture • sfumato • chiaroscuro
Michelangelo Buonarroti Simoni c. 1500 [date to remember] • Lived to be 89 • Thinks of himself mainly as a sculptor but was a - Monumental (13’ 5”) painter, architect and poet too - Distortion (big hands, big • If da Vinci is the scientist, Michelangelo is the poet/thinker/emotionalist head, extra long arms) - Florence
David detail Sprezzatura & terribilita
Sprezzatura & Sprezzatura - a studied carelessness terribilita Terribilita – awe-inspiring power
Renaissance ideals
2 Sprezzatura
Sprezzatura & Terribilita
Pazzi Chapel Pitti Palace
p. 198
Laocoon and his two sons
HELLENISTIC
They’re back!
Rediscovered 1506
Direct influence on Michelangelo
• 1508-1512 • Fresco • Last Judgment back wall 1536- 1541
A colorist! But color is used to reinforce design
Raphael Sanzio 1483-1520
• Youngest of the 3 • He synthesizes what he learns from both • He began painting in Florence • Called to Rome by Pope • “Art responds to Art”
4 Madonna of Portrait of Pope the Meadow Julius II 1505 1511-12
Influenced by da Vinci • Psychological study
• 1st known portrait of an individual pope
The School of Athens School of Athens
• One point perspective • All the important Greek philosophers • Located in the papal apartments library • Working on this commission same time Michelangelo is working on the Sistine chapel • No Christian themes here • Great variety of poses
The School of Athens Uses well known figures
• Da Vinci is Plato • Herakleitos is Michelangelo • Raphael as himself • Euclid is Bramante
5 The School of Athens Minerva Plato Socrates Da Vinci Apollo
Alexander the Plato points up to ideal realm Great
Socrates Aristotle motions to the here & now
Raphael
Raphael Madonna dell Granduca, c.1505 33 x 22 in
Raphael Raphael Madonna of the Pinks, 1507 St. Sebastian, 1502
6 huge
Raphael Turner study, Transformation, 1810 1517
PERIOD: Renaissance PERIOD: KEY IMAGE Renaissance KEY IMAGE ARTIST: Raphael Leonardo TITLE: School of Athens ARTIST: TITLE: Last Supper
p. 212 p. 202
Renaissance Josquin timeline KEY IMAGE Ave Maria . . . Michelangelo Donatello PERIOD: Renaissance David David
ARTIST: Michelangelo Michelangelo TITLE: David Raphael DATE: c. 1500 Leonardo
REFORMATION
p. 206 1400 1500 1600
7 RENAISSANCE DATEBOOK
Summary – Italian Renaissance 1432 – Donatello’s nude David • POLITICS – Italian city-states; power from € (money) 1492 – Columbus, Christian consolidation of Spain • EARLY RENAISSANCE – Florence
• HIGH RENAISSANCE – Rome c.1500 – Michelangelo’s David & Josquin’s Ave Maria . . . Virgo Serena • ART – Classical ideals revived; BIG 3 • IDEAS – Humanism returns • MUSIC – Josquin & imitative counterpoint
8