Winter Dialogue-Final-2
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The Italian High Renaissance (Florence and Rome, 1495-1520)
The Italian High Renaissance (Florence and Rome, 1495-1520) The Artist as Universal Man and Individual Genius By Susan Behrends Frank, Ph.D. Associate Curator for Research The Phillips Collection What are the new ideas behind the Italian High Renaissance? • Commitment to monumental interpretation of form with the human figure at center stage • Integration of form and space; figures actually occupy space • New medium of oil allows for new concept of luminosity as light and shadow (chiaroscuro) in a manner that allows form to be constructed in space in a new way • Physiological aspect of man developed • Psychological aspect of man explored • Forms in action • Dynamic interrelationship of the parts to the whole • New conception of the artist as the universal man and individual genius who is creative in multiple disciplines Michelangelo The Artists of the Italian High Renaissance Considered Universal Men and Individual Geniuses Raphael- Self-Portrait Leonardo da Vinci- Self-Portrait Michelangelo- Pietà- 1498-1500 St. Peter’s, Rome Leonardo da Vinci- Mona Lisa (Lisa Gherardinidi Franceso del Giacondo) Raphael- Sistine Madonna- 1513 begun c. 1503 Gemäldegalerie, Dresden Louvre, Paris Leonardo’s Notebooks Sketches of Plants Sketches of Cats Leonardo’s Notebooks Bird’s Eye View of Chiana Valley, showing Arezzo, Cortona, Perugia, and Siena- c. 1502-1503 Storm Breaking Over a Valley- c. 1500 Sketch over the Arno Valley (Landscape with River/Paesaggio con fiume)- 1473 Leonardo’s Notebooks Studies of Water Drawing of a Man’s Head Deluge- c. 1511-12 Leonardo’s Notebooks Detail of Tank Sketches of Tanks and Chariots Leonardo’s Notebooks Flying Machine/Helicopter Miscellaneous studies of different gears and mechanisms Bat wing with proportions Leonardo’s Notebooks Vitruvian Man- c. -
Il Tempo Di Caravaggio. Capolavori Della Collezione
COMUNICATO STAMPA Prorogata al 10 gennaio 2021 la mostra “Il tempo di Caravaggio. Capolavori della collezione di Roberto Longhi” ai Musei Capitolini Altri 4 mesi per ammirare il famoso Ragazzo morso da un ramarro di Caravaggio e oltre quaranta dipinti di artisti della sua cerchia, provenienti dalla raccolta del grande storico dell’arte e collezionista Roberto Longhi Roma, 08 settembre 2020 – È stata prorogata fino al 10 gennaio 2021 la mostra “Il tempo di Caravaggio. Capolavori della collezione di Roberto Longhi”, allestita nelle sale espositive di Palazzo Caffarelli ai Musei Capitolini e aperta al pubblico il 16 giugno. L’esposizione, accolta con grande favore dal pubblico e dalla critica, è promossa da Roma Capitale, Assessorato alla Crescita culturale - Sovrintendenza Capitolina ai Beni Culturali e dalla Fondazione di Studi di Storia dell’Arte Roberto Longhi. Curata da Maria Cristina Bandera, Direttore scientifico della Fondazione Longhi, la mostra è organizzata da Civita Mostre e Musei e Zètema Progetto Cultura. Il catalogo è di Marsilio Editori. L’ingresso è gratuito per i possessori della MIC card. L’esposizione è aperta al pubblico nel rispetto delle linee guida formulate dal Comitato Tecnico Scientifico per contenere la diffusione del Covid-19 consentendo, al contempo, lo svolgimento di una normale visita museale. L’esposizione è dedicata alla raccolta dei dipinti caravaggeschi del grande storico dell’arte e collezionista Roberto Longhi (Alba 1890 – Firenze 1970), una delle personalità più affascinanti della storia dell’arte del XX secolo, di cui ricorre quest’anno il cinquantenario della scomparsa. Nella sua dimora fiorentina, villa Il Tasso, oggi sede della Fondazione che gli è intitolata, raccolse un numero notevole di opere dei maestri di tutte le epoche che furono per lui occasione di ricerca. -
The Virtuoso of Compassion Ingrid D
The Virtuoso of Compassion Ingrid D. Rowland MAY 11, 2017 ISSUE The Guardian of Mercy: How an Extraordinary Painting by Caravaggio Changed an Ordinary Life Today by Terence Ward Arcade, 183 pp., $24.99 Valentin de Boulogne: Beyond Caravaggio an exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, October 7, 2016–January 22, 2017; and the Musée du Louvre, Paris, February 20–May 22, 2017 Catalog of the exhibition by Annick Lemoine and Keith Christiansen Metropolitan Museum of Art, 276 pp., $65.00 (distributed by Yale University Press) Beyond Caravaggio an exhibition at the National Gallery, London, October 12, 2016–January 15, 2017; the National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin, February 11–May 14, 2017 Catalog of the exhibition by Letizia Treves and others London: National Gallery, 208 pp., $40.00 (distributed by Yale University Press) The Seven Acts of Mercy a play by Anders Lustgarten, produced by the Royal Shakespeare Company, Stratford-upon- Avon, November 24, 2016–February 10, 2017 Caravaggio: The Seven Acts of Mercy, 1607 Pio Monte della Misericordia, Naples Two museums, London’s National Gallery and New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art, mounted exhibitions in the fall of 2016 with the title “Beyond Caravaggio,” proof that the foul-tempered, short-lived Milanese painter (1571–1610) still has us in his thrall. The New York show, “Valentin de Boulogne: Beyond Caravaggio,” concentrated its attention on the French immigrant to Rome who became one of Caravaggio’s most important artistic successors. The National Gallery, for its part, ventured “beyond Caravaggio” with a choice display of Baroque paintings from the National Galleries of London, Dublin, and Edinburgh as well as other collections, many of them taken to be works by Caravaggio when they were first imported from Italy. -
Evolution and Ambition in the Career of Jan Lievens (1607-1674)
ABSTRACT Title: EVOLUTION AND AMBITION IN THE CAREER OF JAN LIEVENS (1607-1674) Lloyd DeWitt, Ph.D., 2006 Directed By: Prof. Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. Department of Art History and Archaeology The Dutch artist Jan Lievens (1607-1674) was viewed by his contemporaries as one of the most important artists of his age. Ambitious and self-confident, Lievens assimilated leading trends from Haarlem, Utrecht and Antwerp into a bold and monumental style that he refined during the late 1620s through close artistic interaction with Rembrandt van Rijn in Leiden, climaxing in a competition for a court commission. Lievens’s early Job on the Dung Heap and Raising of Lazarus demonstrate his careful adaptation of style and iconography to both theological and political conditions of his time. This much-discussed phase of Lievens’s life came to an end in 1631when Rembrandt left Leiden. Around 1631-1632 Lievens was transformed by his encounter with Anthony van Dyck, and his ambition to be a court artist led him to follow Van Dyck to London in the spring of 1632. His output of independent works in London was modest and entirely connected to Van Dyck and the English court, thus Lievens almost certainly worked in Van Dyck’s studio. In 1635, Lievens moved to Antwerp and returned to history painting, executing commissions for the Jesuits, and he also broadened his artistic vocabulary by mastering woodcut prints and landscape paintings. After a short and successful stay in Leiden in 1639, Lievens moved to Amsterdam permanently in 1644, and from 1648 until the end of his career was engaged in a string of important and prestigious civic and princely commissions in which he continued to demonstrate his aptitude for adapting to and assimilating the most current style of his day to his own somber monumentality. -
The Symbolism of Blood in Two Masterpieces of the Early Italian Baroque Art
The Symbolism of blood in two masterpieces of the early Italian Baroque art Angelo Lo Conte Throughout history, blood has been associated with countless meanings, encompassing life and death, power and pride, love and hate, fear and sacrifice. In the early Baroque, thanks to the realistic mi of Caravaggio and Artemisia Gentileschi, blood was transformed into a new medium, whose powerful symbolism demolished the conformed traditions of Mannerism, leading art into a new expressive era. Bearer of macabre premonitions, blood is the exclamation mark in two of the most outstanding masterpieces of the early Italian Seicento: Caravaggio's Beheading a/the Baptist (1608)' (fig. 1) and Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith beheading Halo/ernes (1611-12)2 (fig. 2), in which two emblematic events of the Christian tradition are interpreted as a representation of personal memories and fears, generating a powerful spiral of emotions which constantly swirls between fiction and reality. Through this paper I propose that both Caravaggio and Aliemisia adopted blood as a symbolic representation of their own life-stories, understanding it as a vehicle to express intense emotions of fear and revenge. Seen under this perspective, the red fluid results as a powerful and dramatic weapon used to shock the viewer and, at the same time, express an intimate and anguished condition of pain. This so-called Caravaggio, The Beheading of the Baptist, 1608, Co-Cathedral of Saint John, Oratory of Saint John, Valletta, Malta. 2 Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith beheading Halafernes, 1612-13, Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples. llO Angelo La Conte 'terrible naturalism'3 symbolically demarks the transition from late Mannerism to early Baroque, introducing art to a new era in which emotions and illusion prevail on rigid and controlled representation. -
Janson. History of Art. Chapter 16: The
16_CH16_P556-589.qxp 12/10/09 09:16 Page 556 16_CH16_P556-589.qxp 12/10/09 09:16 Page 557 CHAPTER 16 CHAPTER The High Renaissance in Italy, 1495 1520 OOKINGBACKATTHEARTISTSOFTHEFIFTEENTHCENTURY , THE artist and art historian Giorgio Vasari wrote in 1550, Truly great was the advancement conferred on the arts of architecture, painting, and L sculpture by those excellent masters. From Vasari s perspective, the earlier generation had provided the groundwork that enabled sixteenth-century artists to surpass the age of the ancients. Later artists and critics agreed Leonardo, Bramante, Michelangelo, Raphael, Giorgione, and with Vasari s judgment that the artists who worked in the decades Titian were all sought after in early sixteenth-century Italy, and just before and after 1500 attained a perfection in their art worthy the two who lived beyond 1520, Michelangelo and Titian, were of admiration and emulation. internationally celebrated during their lifetimes. This fame was For Vasari, the artists of this generation were paragons of their part of a wholesale change in the status of artists that had been profession. Following Vasari, artists and art teachers of subse- occurring gradually during the course of the fifteenth century and quent centuries have used the works of this 25-year period which gained strength with these artists. Despite the qualities of between 1495 and 1520, known as the High Renaissance, as a their births, or the differences in their styles and personalities, benchmark against which to measure their own. Yet the idea of a these artists were given the respect due to intellectuals and High Renaissance presupposes that it follows something humanists. -
Ribera's Drunken Silenusand Saint Jerome
99 NAPLES IN FLESH AND BONES: RIBERA’S DRUNKEN SILENUS AND SAINT JEROME Edward Payne Abstract Jusepe de Ribera did not begin to sign his paintings consistently until 1626, the year in which he executed two monumental works: the Drunken Silenus and Saint Jerome and the Angel of Judgement (Museo di Capodimonte, Naples). Both paintings include elaborate Latin inscriptions stating that they were executed in Naples, the city in which the artist had resided for the past decade and where he ultimately remained for the rest of his life. Taking each in turn, this essay explores the nature and implications of these inscriptions, and offers new interpretations of the paintings. I argue that these complex representations of mythological and religious subjects – that were destined, respectively, for a private collection and a Neapolitan church – may be read as incarnations of the city of Naples. Naming the paintings’ place of production and the artist’s city of residence in the signature formulae was thus not coincidental or marginal, but rather indicative of Ribera inscribing himself textually, pictorially and corporeally in the fabric of the city. Keywords: allegory, inscription, Naples, realism, Jusepe de Ribera, Saint Jerome, satire, senses, Silenus Full text: http://openartsjournal.org/issue-6/article-5 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5456/issn.2050-3679/2018w05 Biographical note Edward Payne is Head Curator of Spanish Art at The Auckland Project and an Honorary Fellow at Durham University. He previously served as the inaugural Meadows/Mellon/Prado Curatorial Fellow at the Meadows Museum (2014–16) and as the Moore Curatorial Fellow in Drawings and Prints at the Morgan Library & Museum (2012–14). -
Gallery Baroque Art in Italy, 1600-1700
Gallery Baroque Art in Italy, 1600-1700 The imposing space and rich color of this gallery reflect the Baroque taste for grandeur found in the Italian palaces and churches of the day. Dramatic and often monumental, this style attested to the power and prestige of the individual or institution that commissioned the works of art. Spanning the 17th century, the Baroque period was a dynamic age of invention, when many of the foundations of the modern world were laid. Scientists had new instruments at their disposal, and artists discovered new ways to interpret ancient themes. The historical and contemporary players depicted in these painted dramas exhibit a wider range of emotional and spiritual conditions. Artists developed a new regard for the depiction of space and atmosphere, color and light, and the human form. Two major stylistic trends dominated the art of this period. The first stemmed from the revolutionary naturalism of the Roman painter, Caravaggio, who succeeded in fusing intense physical observations with a profound sense of drama, achieved largely through his chiaroscuro, or use of light and shadow. The second trend was inspired by the Bolognese painter, Annibale Carracci, and his school, which aimed to temper the monumental classicism of Raphael with the optical naturalism of Titian. The expressive nature of Carracci and his followers eventually developed into the imaginative and extravagant style known as the High Baroque. The Docent Collections Handbook 2007 Edition Niccolò de Simone Flemish, active 1636-1655 in Naples Saint Sebastian, c. 1636-40 Oil on canvas Bequest of John Ringling, 1936, SN 144 Little documentation exists regarding the career of Niccolò de Simone. -
1. Compare and Contrast the High Renaissance Period with the Baroque Period
Preliminary Handout: David and Goliath Summarize the story of David and Goliath: How is David significant in Medici Florence? High Renaissance Period The Baroque Period Dates of the period: Dates of the period: Locations: Locations: Influences on the period: Influences on the period: Stylistic Characteristics: Stylistic Characteristics: Compare Donatello's David, Michelangelo's David, and Bernini’s David Donatello's David Michelangelo's David Bernini’s David Date Period Material Height Nude? Contrapposto? Moment in story: David represents... Original location: Stylistic Characteristics: Short Answer Essays: Please write a concise paragraph essay answering each of the questions below. You will work in groups and do a short two-minute presentation to the class on one question. 1. Compare and contrast the High Renaissance period with the Baroque period. What are the important influences and stylistic differences? 2. What are the primary defining elements of Italian Baroque sculpture and architecture? Select one Baroque sculpture and one Baroque building in Italy and discuss how they exemplify the style. 3. Compare and contrast Donatello, Michelangelo, and Bernini's David. How does each work embody the stylistic principles of its age? 4. Describe Bernini's Apollo and Daphne. What moment does it depict in Ovid's myth? Why would the Church approve of such a work? 5. How has Bernini drawn from his knowledge of theater, writing plays, and producing stage designs to create an emotionally dramatic experience for worshipers that involve architecture, sculpture, and painting at the Cornaro chapel? 6. How is Gianlorenzo Bernini’s work typical of the Baroque period? Give several examples of his work that support your answer. -
Saint Paul Is a Very Recent Addition to the Catalogue of the Artist’S Work, As Newly Established by Camillo Manzitti
BERNARDO STROZZI (GENOA, 1581/1582 - VENICE, 1644) Oil on canvas, 27 3/16 x 27 5/8 in (69 x 55 cm) France, private collection - Camillo Manzitti, Bernardo Strozzi, Turin, 2013, p. 137, no. 141 ; - Veronique Damian, Quatre nouveaux tableaux génois de Strozzi, Castiglione, Piola et Baciccio. Une sélection de tableaux du XVIIe siècle , Paris, Galerie Canesso, 2013, pp. 26-29. This bust-length figure of Saint Paul is a very recent addition to the catalogue of the artist’s work, as newly established by Camillo Manzitti. The subject is not an unfamiliar 26 rue Laffitte, 75009 Paris Tel : + 33 1 40 22 61 71 e-mail : [email protected] http://www.canesso.art one in Bernardo Strozzi’s oeuvre as he treated it several times in a similar format, though with variations in pose and type of model (Bologna, Molinari Pradelli collection; Genoa, Galleria di Palazzo Rosso).1 Our saint, his hand resting on the sword that was the instrument of his martyrdom, is depicted with bust turned to his left, while his face is decidedly frontal, and his gaze directed upwards so as to animate his features; the potent psychological and physical qualities, especially the handling of the red hair, prompt us to imagine that this could be a portrait. A passage of light behind the saint’s shoulder in the middle ground elegantly detaches the figure from its dark background. The artist’s style is recognizable here in the generous use of pigment, applied with impasto, the red highlights (especially on the fingertips and cheeks), and the sophistication of colour, culminating in the fine harmony of the red-browns and green, unusual in its tonality, that brightens the foreground. -
Strozzi St Paul AN
Bernardo Strozzi Genoa, 1581/1582 – Venice, 1644 Saint Paul Oil on canvas, 27 3/16 x 27 5/8 in (69 x 55 cm) Provenance: France, private collection. Literature: -Camillo Manzitti, Bernardo Strozzi, Turin, 2013, p. 136, no. 141; -Véronique Damian, Quatre nouveaux tableaux génois de Strozzi, Castiglione, Piola et Baciccio. Une sélection de tableaux du XVIIe siècle, Paris, Galerie Canesso, 2013, pp. 26-29 ; -Anna Orlando, in Bernardino Strozzi 1582-1644, exh. cat., Genoa, Palazzo Nicolosio Lomellino, 11 October 2019 – 12 January 2020, pp. 124, 126, fig. 45. This bust-length figure of Saint Paul is a very recent addition to the catalogue of the artist’s work, as newly established by Camillo Manzitti. The subject is not an unfamiliar one in Bernardo Strozzi’s oeuvre as he treated it several times in a similar format, though with variations in pose and type of model (Bologna, Molinari Pradelli collection; Genoa, Galleria di Palazzo Rosso).1 Our saint, his hand resting on the sword that was the instrument of his martyrdom, is depicted with bust turned to his left, while his face is decidedly frontal, and his gaze directed upwards so as to animate his features; the potent psychological and physical qualities, especially the handling of the red hair, prompt us to imagine that this could be a portrait. A passage of light behind the saint’s shoulder in the middle ground elegantly detaches the figure from its dark background. The artist’s style is recognizable here in the generous use of pigment, applied with impasto, the red highlights (especially on the fingertips and cheeks), and the sophistication of colour, culminating in the fine harmony of the red-browns and green, unusual in its tonality, that brightens the foreground. -
The Changing Perception of the Five Senses
IKONOTHEKA 29, 2019 Sara Benninga deparTmenT oF arT hisTory, Tel aviv universiTy [email protected] The Changing Perception of the Five Senses Abstract This article examines the changing approach towards the representation of the senses in 17th-century Flemish painting. These changes are related to the cultural politics and courtly culture of the Spanish sovereigns of the Southern Netherlands, the Archdukes Albert and Isabella. The 1617–18 painting-series of the Five Senses by Jan Brueghel the Elder and Peter Paul Rubens as well as the pendant paintings on the subject are analyzed in relation to the iconography of the five senses, and in regard to Flemish genre themes. In this context, the excess of objects, paintings, scientific instruments, animals, and plants in the Five Senses are read as an expansion of the iconography of the senses as well as a reference to the courtly material culture of the Archdukes. Framing the senses as part of a cultural web of artifacts, Brueghel and Rubens refer both to elite lived experience and traditional iconography. The article examines the continuity between the iconography of the senses from 1600 onwards, as developed by Georg Pencz, Frans Floris, and Maerten de Vos, and the representation of the senses in the series. In addition, the article shows how certain elements in the paintings are influenced by genre paintings of the courtly company and collector’s cabinet, by Frans Francken, Lucas van Valckenborch and Louis de Caullery. Through the synthesis of these two traditions the subject of the five senses is reinvented in a courtly context.