The Big Three High Leonardo Renaissance Michelangelo 1500 – 1600 Raphael The action moves to Rome Renaissance Josquin timeline Ave Maria . Michelangelo Donatello David David Michelangelo Raphael Leonardo REFORMATION Leonardo da Vinci artist-scientist 1400 1500 1600 perspective The Last Supper proportion 4 groups of 3 1 Madonna and Child with St. Anne Mona Lisa aka La Gioconda • 1503-5 • Oil on wood Curves in background tie into curves in garment (relating fg & • Monumentality bg becomes an issue) • Figure as architecture • sfumato • chiaroscuro Michelangelo Buonarroti Simoni c. 1500 [date to remember] • Lived to be 89 • Thinks of himself mainly as a sculptor but was a - Monumental (13’ 5”) painter, architect and poet too - Distortion (big hands, big • If da Vinci is the scientist, Michelangelo is the poet/thinker/emotionalist head, extra long arms) - Florence David detail Sprezzatura & terribilita Sprezzatura & Sprezzatura - a studied carelessness terribilita Terribilita – awe-inspiring power Renaissance ideals 2 Sprezzatura Sprezzatura & Terribilita Pazzi Chapel Pitti Palace p. 198 Laocoon and his two sons HELLENISTIC They’re back! Rediscovered 1506 Direct influence on Michelangelo 3 Sistine Chapel • 1508-1512 • Fresco • Last Judgment back wall 1536- 1541 A colorist! But color is used to reinforce design Raphael Sanzio 1483-1520 • Youngest of the 3 • He synthesizes what he learns from both • He began painting in Florence • Called to Rome by Pope • “Art responds to Art” 4 Madonna of Portrait of Pope the Meadow Julius II 1505 1511-12 Influenced by da Vinci • Psychological study • 1st known portrait of an individual pope The School of Athens School of Athens • One point perspective • All the important Greek philosophers • Located in the papal apartments library • Working on this commission same time Michelangelo is working on the Sistine chapel • No Christian themes here • Great variety of poses The School of Athens Uses well known figures • Da Vinci is Plato • Herakleitos is Michelangelo • Raphael as himself • Euclid is Bramante 5 The School of Athens Minerva Plato Socrates Da Vinci Apollo Alexander the Plato points up to ideal realm Great Socrates Aristotle motions to the here & now Raphael Raphael Madonna dell Granduca, c.1505 33 x 22 in Raphael Raphael Madonna of the Pinks, 1507 St. Sebastian, 1502 6 huge Raphael Turner study, Transformation, 1810 1517 PERIOD: Renaissance PERIOD: KEY IMAGE Renaissance KEY IMAGE ARTIST: Raphael Leonardo TITLE: School of Athens ARTIST: TITLE: Last Supper p. 212 p. 202 Renaissance Josquin timeline KEY IMAGE Ave Maria . Michelangelo Donatello PERIOD: Renaissance David David ARTIST: Michelangelo Michelangelo TITLE: David Raphael DATE: c. 1500 Leonardo REFORMATION p. 206 1400 1500 1600 7 RENAISSANCE DATEBOOK Summary – Italian Renaissance 1432 – Donatello’s nude David • POLITICS – Italian city-states; power from € (money) 1492 – Columbus, Christian consolidation of Spain • EARLY RENAISSANCE – Florence • HIGH RENAISSANCE – Rome c.1500 – Michelangelo’s David & Josquin’s Ave Maria . Virgo Serena • ART – Classical ideals revived; BIG 3 • IDEAS – Humanism returns • MUSIC – Josquin & imitative counterpoint 8.