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Chorological and Taxonomic Notes on African Plants, 2 Botany Letters ISSN: 2381-8107 (Print) 2381-8115 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tabg21 Chorological and taxonomic notes on African plants, 2 Alexander P. Sukhorukov, Filip Verloove, M. Ángeles Alonso, Irina V. Belyaeva, Christopher Chapano, Manuel B. Crespo, Mohamed H. El Aouni, Ridha El Mokni, Alfred Maroyi, Munyaradzi Davis Shekede, Alicia Vicente, Alex Dreyer & Maria Kushunina To cite this article: Alexander P. Sukhorukov, Filip Verloove, M. Ángeles Alonso, Irina V. Belyaeva, Christopher Chapano, Manuel B. Crespo, Mohamed H. El Aouni, Ridha El Mokni, Alfred Maroyi, Munyaradzi Davis Shekede, Alicia Vicente, Alex Dreyer & Maria Kushunina (2017): Chorological and taxonomic notes on African plants, 2, Botany Letters, DOI: 10.1080/23818107.2017.1311281 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2017.1311281 Published online: 24 Apr 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tabg21 Download by: [109.252.83.95] Date: 24 April 2017, At: 08:35 BOTANY LETTERS, 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2017.1311281 Chorological and taxonomic notes on African plants, 2 Alexander P. Sukhorukova , Filip Verlooveb, M. Ángeles Alonsoc, Irina V. Belyaevad, Christopher Chapanoe,h, Manuel B. Crespoc, Mohamed H. El Aounif, Ridha El Moknif,g, Alfred Maroyih, Munyaradzi Davis Shekedei, Alicia Vicentec, Alex Dreyerj and Maria Kushuninak aDepartment of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia; bBotanic Garden of Meise, Meise, Belgium; cDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources (dCARN) and Institute of Biodiversity (CIBIO), University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain; dRoyal Botanic Gardens, Richmond, UK; eNational Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Harare, Zimbabwe; fLaboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Bizerta, Tunisia; gMonastir Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia; hFaculty of Science and Agriculture, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa; iDepartment of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe; jKyffhäuser farm, Namibia; kDepartment of Plant Physiology, Biological Faculty, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The taxonomy of complicated native African taxa, Biscutella maritima (Brassicaceae) and Received 4 January 2017 annual species of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae) is discussed. The distribution of B. maritima is widened Accepted 20 March 2017 to the most of the coastal areas of NE Algeria and N Tunisia. Morphological differences with KEYWORDS regard to other North African members of Biscutella ser. Biscutella are reported to facilitate the Africa; Biscutella; Gaillardia; identification of B. maritima. We propose to accept four annual Sesuvium species (instead of the Heterotheca; Mollugo; one previously accepted species, S. sesuvioides sensu amplissimo) with different distributions in Prosopis; Sesuvium; Africa: S. digynum, S. hydaspicum, S. sesuvioides s.str. and S. nyasicum. A delimitation key based on Vernonanthura morphological and carpological characters is provided. Lectotypes of S. digynum, S. digynum var. angustifolium, S. hydaspicum, S. nyasicum, Diplochonium sesuvioides (Sesuvium sesuvioides) and Trianthema polysperma (synonym of Sesuvium hydaspicum) are selected. Other discussed taxa belong to the alien elements of the flora. Atriplex semibaccata (Amaranthaceae-Chenopodiaceae) is reported as a new species for Cape Verde. Gaillardia × grandiflora (Asteraceae) is discovered as a new species for Africa found in Morocco. Prosopis velutina (Fabaceae) is collected for the first time in Northern Africa (Morocco). Mollugo verticillata (Molluginaceae) is recorded as a new species for DR Congo. Its morphology, including seed ornamentation, is discussed in reference to other similar-looking Molluginaceae. Incidence of American species Heterotheca subaxillaris (Asteraceae) in North Africa is discussed. Vernonanthura polyanthes (Asteraceae) is recorded as a naturalized invasive species in eastern Zimbabwe. It seems to be the first documented discovery of this ergasiophyte in Africa. Introduction respectively. Field investigations were carried out in Tunisia (Biscutella), Morocco (Gaillardia, Heterotheca, The article is the second contribution to the African vas- Prosopis), Cape Verde (Atriplex), Namibia (Sesuvium), cular flora following the first article published recently and Zimbabwe (Vernonanthura). Along with this field (Sukhorukov et al. 2016). The major endeavour of this work, comparative studies of herbarium material were series is to provide new information about the system- undertaken in the following herbaria (acronyms when atics and chorology of native and alien species in Africa present are following Thiers (2016+)): ABH, BC, K, MA, and to discuss taxonomically difficult or neglected taxa. P, herb. of the Faculty of Sciences of the Univ. of Bizerta In the present paper, we pay special attention to the (Biscutella); BM, H, K, LE, MW, MHA, WU (Sesuvium); disentangling of two native groups: Biscutella maritima BM, H, K, LE, MW, MHA (Atriplex semibaccata); and (Brassicaceae) in North Africa and annual members of BM, BR, E, H, HUJ, K, LE, MW, MHA (Mollugo ver- Sesuvium (Aizoaceae) over the entire continent. In addi- ticillata). Geographical areas follow Brummitt (2001). tion, we report six alien taxa new to the flora of continen- The potential habitats of Vernonanthura polyanthes in tal African countries and the Cape Verde archipelago. Zimbabwe were identified by matching environmental covariates i.e., mean diurnal range (BIO2), isothermality Material and methods (BIO3), temperature seasonality (BIO4), minimum tem- The taxa under study are presented alphabetically perature of coldest month (BIO6), precipitation of driest within two sections, devoted to native and alien plants, month (BIO14), precipitation of driest quarter (BIO17) CONTACT Alexander P. Sukhorukov [email protected] © 2017 Société botanique de France .A. P. SUKHORUKOV ET AL 2 (Hijmans et al. 2005) and aspect to species’ presence Sesuvium sesuvioides (Fenzl) Verd.: (1) ANGOLA, data (Pearson et al. 2007) using the maximum-entropy Moçâmedes [Namibe], September 1859, Welwitsch 2388 method (MAXENT software, Version 3.3.3 K) (Phillips, (BM) sub S. brachyanthum (nomen); (2) ANGOLA, Anderson, and Schapire 2006). Specifically, we used 75% Moçâmedes [Namibe], Praia Armelia, 28 December of the species occurrence data for training the model 1955, E.J. Mendes 1172 (BM). while 25% of the data was set aside for testing the species distribution model. We then used the 10th percentile Results and discussion threshold to determine how well the species distribution model performed in estimating the suitable range of V. Taxonomic notes on native taxa polyanthes. The species distribution model was signifi- Biscutella maritima Ten. (Brassicaceae) in North cant (p < 0.01) and performed well with an Area Under Africa Curve of more than 0.99. Seeds sources from specimens of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae), Contributors – Alicia Vicente, M. Ángeles Alonso, Ridha Mollugo and related taxa from Molluginaceae were exam- El Mokni, Mohamed H. El Aouni, Manuel B. Crespo ined using a scanning electron microscope (JSM-6380, JEOL Ltd., Japan). The list of the specimens investigated Biscutella maritima was described by Tenore (1811) is given below; for detailed studies on taxonomy and from plants collected in Capri, near Naples (Italy), which seed morphology of these and other species of Mollugo showed lyrate leaves and appeared to be intermediate s.str. and related genera see Sukhorukov and Kushunina between B. lyrata L. and B. raphanifolia Poir. However, (2016a, 2017). the name B. maritima was soon forgotten, and the two Glinus oppositifolius (L.) DC.: (1) SIERRA-LEONE, latter names continued to be cited for Italian specimens Kasanko, May 1951, P. Adams 225 (K); 2) ANGOLA, instead of B. maritima (cf. Guinea and Heywood 1964; Cuando-Cubango Province, March 1960, E.J. Mendes Malinowski 1911; Pignatti 1982). 3155 (BM); Monographic works carried out by Raffaelli (1990, Hypertelis cerviana (L.) Thulin: NIGER, 19 March 1991) on B. ser. Biscutella (≡ B. ser. Lyratae Malin.) 1979, J.E. Newdy 28165 (K); revived the taxon B. maritima and solved the historical Mollugo verticillata L.: (1) MALI, San, 29 June 1899, confusion, disregarding the presence of both B. lyrata A. Chevalier 1080 (BR0000017461016); (2) IVORY or B. raphanifolia in Italy (including Sicily). COAST, Port-Bouet, 3 March 1965, Raynak 13568 The typification of B. lyrata, a species originally (BR0000017461047); described from Spain and Italy by Linnaeus (1771), Trigastrotheca pentaphylla (L.) Thulin: CAMEROON, was carried out by Raffaelli (1985a), who clarified the Central Province, April 1976, Westphal 9054 identity of this plant and restricted it to southern Spain, (BR0000017466109); consequently dismissing it from the Italian flora. Our Pharnaceum exiguum Adamson: SOUTH AFRICA, morphological and molecular results (Vicente, Alonso, Cape Province, 6 September 1952, R.S. Adamson 4566 and Crespo 2016) confirm the absence of B. lyrata in (BM); all North African floras. Although both species share Sesuvium digynum Welw.: (1) [ANGOLA] an annual habit and lyrate leaves, mostly arranged
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