DOCSLIB.ORG

Survey of Current Business December 1921

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Survey of Current Business December 1921 MONTHLY SUPPLEMENT TO COMMERCE REPORTS UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS AS OF DECEMBER 1, 1921 No. 5 COMPILED BY BUREAU OF THE CENSUS BUREAU OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC COMMERCE BUREAU OF STANDARDS Subscription price of the SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS is $1 a year; single copies, 10 cents. Foreign subscriptions, $1.50; single copies, including postage, 20 cents. Subscription price of COMMERCE REPORTS is $3 a year; with the Survey, $4 a year. Make remittances only to Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C, by postal money order, express order, or New York draft. Currency at sender's risk. Postage stamps or foreign money not accepted. INTRODUCTION. The present number of the "Survey" contains (1) a summary text pointing out the principal changes during the month; (2) a table, entitled TREND OF BUSINESS MOVEMENTS, giving the principal data, together with numerical and percentage comparisons; (3) detailed tables containing new data not shown in preceding issues; and (4) a list of the organizations from which the statistics are taken. A few suggestions have been received to the effect that the period covered by the "Survey" should be the month immediately preceding the date of issue. In answer to this, it must be remembered that the "Survey of Current Business " is first of all a statistical record of current business movements. To receive reports and tabulate them requires time even under the best of conditions. Very few figures are available before the 20th of the next month. Copy for the "Survey" goes to the printer about the 25th of the month. This gives an opportunity to enter in the proof figures which are received up to the last days of the month. Thus the figures received up to the end of December are those covering the month of November. This is as close to the time of publication as it is possible to secure actual data for the majority of items. In the main the text has been confined to a statement of certain facts brought out by the actual data. In certain industries the trends during December have been touched upon, based upon telegraphic reports to the Department of Commerce, although it is impossible to give actual figures in support of such comments. It should also be pointed out again that in receiving and publishing figures from trade associations and technical journals the Department of Commerce assumes no responsibility for their correctness. The figures are furnished to us by the associations in good faith, and we believe they are representative of the industry to the extent indicated. The Department does not attempt to check the correctness of such data. The detailed figures for earlier years and for the months of 1920 and 1921 will be found in the two preceding numbers (numbers 3 and 4). The issue following the present one will be a complete quarterly number, giving detailed tables for all items. (3) SUMMARY OF THE MONTH'S DEVELOPMENTS. General slowing down of industry after the spurt leum and by-product coke far above the prewar in October was the outstanding characteristic of the average, the coals slightly below and beehive coke November business figures. This is partially ac- far below. Production of cigarettes and oak floor- counted for as a seasonal reaction in many lines, such ing was more than twice the prewar average, while as textiles and automobiles, and in some lines, such as oleomargarine, wool, by-product coke, and petroleum coal and transportation, by the overstimulation of showed gains of over 50 per cent above the 1913 level. October business in the face of the threatened railroad Copper and beehive coke were produced at less than strike. half their prewar rate; in fact, at less than 20 per cent. The general result of November conditions appeared Calculating the index numbers on a new basis, to be stabilization. This tendency was felt especially relative to 1919, the November figures show that 14 in textiles, metals, building construction and its commodities out of 34 were above the 1919 production. related industries, and retail sales. It was also DIAGRAM 1.—COMPARISON OF PRESENT PRODUCTION WITH manifested in price movements, employment condi- PREWAR. tions, and in railroad transportation. (Relative production of 1913= 100.) INDEX NUMBERS PRODUCTION. 0 100 200 300 400 Figures on November production thus far received WHEAT FLOUR indicate greater activity than in October 4n metals, clothing, and glass. On the other hand, production for BEEF PRODUCTS November slackened among the foodstuffs and tobacco, while an irregular condition existed in the construction PORK PRODUCTS industries, fuels, and paper. The chief relative changes in November were decreases in wheat flour, bituminous OLEOMARGARINE coal, and cement, and increases in zinc, California red- wood, and glass bottles. WOOL (CONSUMPTION) COMPARISON OF PRESENT PRODUCTION WITH PREWAR. COTTON (CONSUMPTION) RELATIVE PRODUCTION (1913=100). BITUMINOUS Maxi- Mini- COAL Nov., Oct., Nov., mum in mum in 1920. 1921, 1920. 1921. 1921. ANTHRACITE COAL FOODSTUFFS: Wheat flour 116 65 92 126 BEEHIVE COKE Beef products 108 88 132 125 Pork products 1 175 87 113 99 Oleomargarine 308 64 271 181 148 BY-PRODUCT CLOTHING: COKE Wool (consumption) 166 74 168 163 Cotton (consumption) | 123 76 103 109 FUELS: ; CRUDE Bituminous coal j 132 71 120 90 PETROLEUM Anthracite coal ; 109 92 99 90 Beehive coke 74 6 59 15 17 By-product coke 2 242 121 1242 164 167 Crude petroleum 198 171 187 172 182 AIETALS: Pig iron 132 34 115 48 55 Steel ingots 155 ; 38 124 76 78 STEEL INGOTS Copper 90 I 16 79 17 ) MAXIMUM I92O Zinc 167 ; 50 115 50 73 i MINIMUM 1921 BUILDING MATERIALS: : Cement 2 109 : 53 »109 137 116 ; OCTOBER 1921 Oak flooring | 229 64 110 244 254 NOVEMBER 1921 TOBACCO: I Cigars j 119 73 106 101 Cigarettes | 349 293 272 377 326 Manufactured tobacco I 114 73 54 101 83 1 As represented by tax-paid withdrawals. * 1920 monthly average. Out of 20 commodities whose production can be compared with the prewar average, the latest figures OAK FLOORING show that the tobacco, building materials, clothing, and foodstuffs groups were all producing more than the 1913 average, except in a few cases, which are only slightly below. The metals were all considerably below CIGARETTES the prewar basis in spite of good increases during MANUFACTURED November, while the fuels are divided, with petro- TOBACCO (5) COURSE OF PRODUCTION SINCE 1919. DIAGRAM 2.—COURSE OF PRODUCTION SINCE 1199. (Relative production of 1919= 100.) RELATIVE PRODUCTION (1919= 100).1 INDEX NUMBERS 100 200 Maxi- Mini- WHEAT FLOUR mum 1920 Nov., Oct., I Nov.. since 1920. 1921. I 1921. BEEF PRODUCTS end of PORK PRODUCTS 1919. 1919. SUGAR. (MELTINGS) OLEOMARGARINE FOODSTUFFS: COTTONSEED OIL Wheat flour 134 67 | 91 134 107 Beef products 109 67 92 101 95 '.. CONDENSED MILK Pork products 151 58 93 94 83 -C2 Sugar (meltings). 147 40; 104 69 So i COTTON. (CONSUMPTION) Oleomargarine2.. 126 26 i 103 110 74 I 60 265 WOOL. (CONSUMPTION) Cottonseed, oil 349 7 100 349 285 i 20 3 108 Condensed milk.. 121 20 ! SOLE LEATHER ; CLOTHING: ANTHRACITE COAL Cotton (consumption). HI K7 109 64 I 95 102 Wool (consumption)... 126 42 i 88 49 I 118 j 115 BITUMINOUS COAL Sole leather 95 63 ! 82 70 j 91 BEEHIVE COKE FUELS: BY-PRODUCT COKE Anthracite coal... 113 101 101 103 93 CRUDE PETROLEUM Bituminous coal.. 137 74 121 135 115 94 Beehive coke 127 11 ; 110 103 2C} 30 GASOLINE By-product coke.. 122 61 i 122 83 84 ELECTRIC POWER Crude petroleum.. 134 104 ; 117 123 113 120 Gasoline 141 98 ! 123 137 134 PIG IRON Electric power.... 119 98 113 114 108 112 STEEL INGOTS METALS: COPPER Pig iron 132 34 119 115 49 Steel ingots 140 34 121 112 68 ZINC Copper 113 21 104 99 99 Zinc 126 38 !| 105 87 38 !* YELLOW PINE DOUGLAS. CONSTRUCTION: Yellow pine 111 94 80 106 111 CALIFORNIA Douglas fir 118 102 91 100 98 WESTERN PINE California redwood 144 122 144 117 139 Western pine 119 119 78 74 OAK FLOORING Oak flooring 168 106 73 161 168 SILICA BRICK Silica brick 130 106 116 35 33 Face brick 121 100 75 104 101 FACE BRICK Cement 157 125 157 133 CEMENT Buildings (contracted for). 113 72 41 87 82 Vessels completed 79 67 61 14 18 BUILDINGS. (CONTRACTED) VESSELS COMPLETED TOBACCO: Cigars 128 112 113 108 105 CIGAR Cigarettes 116 84 80 liO 96 Manufactured tobacco 119 94 57 106 86 CIGARETTES MANUFACTURED TOBACCO PAPER: Newsprint 114 110 107 91 NEWSPRINT All other paper 132 121 9S 110 108 Mechanical wood pulp 143 109 115 68 90 ALL OTHER PAPER Chemical wood pulp 138 117 116 94 101 MECHANICAL WOOD-PULP GLASS: CHEMICAL WOOD-PULP Bottles. 124 48 104 GLASS BOTTLES 1 The 1913 relatives have here been calculated on a 1919 base, as many more com- modities can be compared on this basis. MAXIMUM SINCE END OF 1919 2 As represented by tax-paid withdrawals. LATEST MONTH 1921 OCT. OR NOV. > Latest month available, June. MINIMUM SINCE END OF 1919 it MAXIMUM SAME AS NOV. PRODUCTION STOCKS. STOCKS OP COMMODITIES COMPARED WITH 1919 AND 1913. Stocks of commodities at the end of November (1919=100). Per cent were, in general, slightly larger than in 1919. The increase or de- largest relative stocks were those of corn and coal, crease both above five times as large, due somewhat to Maxi- Mini- ! 1920 i mum mum | ov., Oct., Nov., Nov., aver- \ )20. 1921. 1921. 1921, seasonal variation. Increases of from 50 to 100 per since since age.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gandhi As Mahatma: Gorakhpur District, Eastern UP, 1921-2'
    Gandhi as Mahatma 289 of time to lead or influence a political movement of the peasantry. Gandhi, the person, was in this particular locality for less than a day, but the 'Mahatma' as an 'idea' was thought out and reworked in Gandhi as Mahatma: popular imagination in subsequent months. Even in the eyes of some local Congressmen this 'deification'—'unofficial canonization' as the Gorakhpur District, Eastern UP, Pioneer put it—assumed dangerously distended proportions by April-May 1921. 1921-2' In following the career of the Mahatma in one limited area Over a short period, this essay seeks to place the relationship between Gandhi and the peasants in a perspective somewhat different from SHAHID AMIN the view usually taken of this grand subject. We are not concerned with analysing the attributes of his charisma but with how this 'Many miracles, were previous to this affair [the riot at Chauri registered in peasant consciousness. We are also constrained by our Chaura], sedulously circulated by the designing crowd, and firmly believed by the ignorant crowd, of the Non-co-operation world of primary documentation from looking at the image of Gandhi in this district'. Gorakhpur historically—at the ideas and beliefs about the Mahatma —M. B. Dixit, Committing Magistrate, that percolated into the region before his visit and the transformations, Chauri Chaura Trials. if any, that image underwent as a result of his visit. Most of the rumours about the Mahatma.'spratap (power/glory) were reported in the local press between February and May 1921. And as our sample I of fifty fairly elaborate 'stories' spans this rather brief period, we cannot fully indicate what happens to the 'deified' image after the Gandhi visited the district of Gorakhpur in eastern UP on 8 February rioting at Chauri Chaura in early 1922 and the subsequent withdrawal 1921, addressed a monster meeting variously estimated at between 1 of the Non-Co-operation movement.
    [Show full text]
  • Records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1891-1957, Record Group 85 New Orleans, Louisiana Crew Lists of Vessels Arriving at New Orleans, LA, 1910-1945
    Records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1891-1957, Record Group 85 New Orleans, Louisiana Crew Lists of Vessels Arriving at New Orleans, LA, 1910-1945. T939. 311 rolls. (~A complete list of rolls has been added.) Roll Volumes Dates 1 1-3 January-June, 1910 2 4-5 July-October, 1910 3 6-7 November, 1910-February, 1911 4 8-9 March-June, 1911 5 10-11 July-October, 1911 6 12-13 November, 1911-February, 1912 7 14-15 March-June, 1912 8 16-17 July-October, 1912 9 18-19 November, 1912-February, 1913 10 20-21 March-June, 1913 11 22-23 July-October, 1913 12 24-25 November, 1913-February, 1914 13 26 March-April, 1914 14 27 May-June, 1914 15 28-29 July-October, 1914 16 30-31 November, 1914-February, 1915 17 32 March-April, 1915 18 33 May-June, 1915 19 34-35 July-October, 1915 20 36-37 November, 1915-February, 1916 21 38-39 March-June, 1916 22 40-41 July-October, 1916 23 42-43 November, 1916-February, 1917 24 44 March-April, 1917 25 45 May-June, 1917 26 46 July-August, 1917 27 47 September-October, 1917 28 48 November-December, 1917 29 49-50 Jan. 1-Mar. 15, 1918 30 51-53 Mar. 16-Apr. 30, 1918 31 56-59 June 1-Aug. 15, 1918 32 60-64 Aug. 16-0ct. 31, 1918 33 65-69 Nov. 1', 1918-Jan. 15, 1919 34 70-73 Jan. 16-Mar. 31, 1919 35 74-77 April-May, 1919 36 78-79 June-July, 1919 37 80-81 August-September, 1919 38 82-83 October-November, 1919 39 84-85 December, 1919-January, 1920 40 86-87 February-March, 1920 41 88-89 April-May, 1920 42 90 June, 1920 43 91 July, 1920 44 92 August, 1920 45 93 September, 1920 46 94 October, 1920 47 95-96 November, 1920 48 97-98 December, 1920 49 99-100 Jan.
    [Show full text]
  • British Security Policy in Ireland, 1920-1921: a Desperate Attempt by the Crown to Maintain Anglo-Irish Unity by Force
    British Security Policy in Ireland, 1920-1921: A Desperate Attempt by the Crown to Maintain Anglo-Irish Unity by Force ‘What we are trying to do is to stop the campaign of assassination and arson, initiated and carried on by Sinn Fein, with as little disturbance as possible to people who are and who wish to be law abiding.’ General Sir Nevil Macready ‘outlining the British policy in Ireland’ to American newspaper correspondent, Carl W. Ackerman, on 2 April 1921.1 In the aftermath of victory in the Great War (1914-1918) and the conclusion to the peacemaking process at Versailles in 1919, the British Empire found itself in a situation of ‘imperial overstretch’, as indicated by the ever-increasing demands for Crown forces to represent and maintain British interests in defeated Germany, the Baltic and Black Seas regions, the Middle East, India and elsewhere around the world. The strongest and most persistent demand in this regard came from Ireland – officially an integral part of the United Kingdom itself since the Act of Union came into effect from 1 January 1801 – where the forces of militant Irish nationalism were proving difficult, if not impossible to control. Initially, Britain’s response was to allow the civil authorities in Ireland, based at Dublin Castle and heavily reliant on the enforcement powers of the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC), to deal with this situation. In 1920, however, with a demoralised administration in Ireland perceived to be lacking resolution in the increasingly violent struggle against the nationalists, London
    [Show full text]
  • The Conservatives in British Government and the Search for a Social Policy 1918-1923
    71-22,488 HOGAN, Neil William, 1936- THE CONSERVATIVES IN BRITISH GOVERNMENT AND THE SEARCH FOR A SOCIAL POLICY 1918-1923. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1971 History, modern University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED THE CONSERVATIVES IN BRITISH GOVERNMENT AND THE SEARCH FOR A SOCIAL POLICY 1918-1923 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Neil William Hogan, B.S.S., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1971 Approved by I AdvAdviser iser Department of History PREFACE I would like to acknowledge my thanks to Mr. Geoffrey D.M. Block, M.B.E. and Mrs. Critch of the Conservative Research Centre for the use of Conservative Party material; A.J.P. Taylor of the Beaverbrook Library for his encouragement and helpful suggestions and his efficient and courteous librarian, Mr. Iago. In addition, I wish to thank the staffs of the British Museum, Public Record Office, West Sussex Record Office, and the University of Birmingham Library for their aid. To my adviser, Professor Phillip P. Poirier, a special acknowledgement#for his suggestions and criticisms were always useful and wise. I also want to thank my mother who helped in the typing and most of all my wife, Janet, who typed and proofread the paper and gave so much encouragement in the whole project. VITA July 27, 1936 . Bom, Cleveland, Ohio 1958 .......... B.S.S., John Carroll University Cleveland, Ohio 1959 - 1965 .... U.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestine. Disturbances in May, 1921. Reports of the Commission Of
    ^sssaBomma^ma^am ^ f PALESTINE. DISTURBANCES IN MAY, 1921. Reports of the Commission of Inquiry WITH Correspondence Relating Thereto. Fresented to Parliament by Com7nand of His Majesty, October, 1921. LONDON: PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. To be purchased through any Bookseller or directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses: Imperial Housk, Kinosway, London, W.C. 2, and 23, Abingdon Street, London, S.W.I: 37, Peter Street, Manchester; 1, St, Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff; 2 <, Forth Street, Edinburgh ; or from BASON & SON, Ltd., 40 & 41, Lower Sackville Street, Dublin. 1921. Price One Shilling Net, [Cmd. 1540.] I N LIST OF PAPERSi PALESTINE. DISTURBANCES IN MAY, 1921. Reports of the Commission of Inquiry with Correspondence relating thereto. No. 1 TERMS OF REFERENCE. A. I APPOINT His Honour Sir Thomas Haycraft, Chief Justice of Palestine, Mr. H. C. Luke, Assistant Governor of Jerusalem, and Mr. Stubbs, of the Legal Department, to be a Commission to inquire into the recent disturbances in the town and neighbourhood of Jaffa, and to report thereon > And I appoint Sir Thomas Haycraft to be the Chairman, and Aref Pasha Dejani El Daoudi, Elias Eff. Mushabbeck and Dr. Eliash to be assessors to the Commission. The Commission shall have all the powers specified in Article 2 of the Commission of Inquiries Ordinance, 1921. HERBERT SAMUEL, High Commissioner for Palestine. 7th May, 1921. (B C-82) Wt. 17098-761 1500/90 11/21 H & S, Ltd. * B. I DIRECT the Commission of Inquiry, appointed by Order dated the 7th of May to inquire into and report upon the recent disturbances in the town and neighbourhood of Jaffa, to extend their inquiries and report further upon recent disturbances which have taken place in any part of the District of Jaffa or elsewhere in Palestine.
    [Show full text]
  • Low-Latitude Auroras: the Magnetic Storm of 14–15 May 1921
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Air Force Research U.S. Department of Defense 2001 Low-latitude auroras: the magnetic storm of 14–15 May 1921 S. M. Silverman E. W. Cliver Air Force Research Laboratory Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usafresearch Part of the Aerospace Engineering Commons Silverman, S. M. and Cliver, E. W., "Low-latitude auroras: the magnetic storm of 14–15 May 1921" (2001). U.S. Air Force Research. 4. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usafresearch/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Defense at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in U.S. Air Force Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 63 (2001) 523–535 www.elsevier.nl/locate/jastp Low-latitude auroras: the magnetic storm of 14–15 May 1921 S.M. Silvermana; ∗, E.W. Cliver b a18 Ingleside Rd., Lexington, MA 02420, USA bSpace Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731, USA Received 30 November 1999; accepted 28 January 2000 Abstract We review solar=geophysical data relating to the great magnetic storm of 14–15 May 1921, with emphasis on observations of the low-latitude visual aurora. From the reports we have gathered for this event, the lowest geomagnetic latitude of deÿnite overhead aurora (coronal form) was 40◦ and the lowest geomagnetic latitude from which auroras were observed on the poleward horizon in the northern hemisphere was 30◦.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of the China Famine Relief, American Red Cross, October
    Report of the China Famine Relief American Red Cross + October, 1920—September, 1921 Mustrated from Photographs TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Map showing location of Red Cross Operations 2 Letter of transmittal iii Chapter I. Background of the I'amine i . 6 II. Preliminaries to Red Cross Operations. " Work " versus " Free" methods of relief 7 Selection of territory and kind of work 8 Early organization . 9 Decision to pay in food rather than cash 9 Procedure with officials 9 Co-operation of Shantung authorities secured ii III. Size of the Job and General Plan I3 Population for which Red Cross assumed responsibility 13 Method of payment to workmen 14 Plan of organizing the workmen '4 Organization of Supervisory forces 16 Change from volunteer to salaried forces i/ Nationalities employed 1/ The standard ration i ^ Purchases, transportation methods 19 IV. Recruiting 22 Forms used . 25 Instructions issued to recruiting forces, village elders, gangs 28 V. Engineering • .32 Location and problem of right of way 32 Plan of purchase, line and grade, cross section ... 34 Mefbod of construction . - • 34 3" Organization .... Rate of pay 4° Methods of laying out work 4° Results, costs 42 Recommendations for upkeep. 44 Concerning macadam 45 Rules for Land Purchasing issued by Shantung Relief Society 47 Instructions governing piece work system 5° VI. Commissary 52 Billeting division 52 Foreign Supplies division 54 Stores division 57 Transportation division °2 VII. Health division ^^ Organization °'^ De-infestation ?° 88 Statistics 1 Chapter Page VIII. Pingtingchow Operation 93 Origin and general plan 96 Recruiting 98 Commissary 98 Engineering 106 Health 118 IX. Fenchowfu Operation 125 General and preliminary 127 Pingyao Road 136 Yellow River Road 136 Description of the route 138 Sample contract 142 X.
    [Show full text]
  • Mikhail Nikolaevich Girs Papers
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf8t1nb320 No online items Register of the Mikhail Nikolaevich Girs papers Finding aid prepared by Ronald Bulatoff Hoover Institution Library and Archives © 1998 434 Galvez Mall Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6003 [email protected] URL: http://www.hoover.org/library-and-archives Register of the Mikhail 28015 1 Nikolaevich Girs papers Title: Mikhail Nikolaevich Girs papers Date (inclusive): 1917-1926 Collection Number: 28015 Contributing Institution: Hoover Institution Library and Archives Language of Material: Russian Physical Description: 53 manuscript boxes(22.1 Linear Feet) Abstract: Correspondence, studies, reports, telegrams, memoranda, statistics, charts, clippings, and other printed matter, relating to White Russian diplomatic, political, and military activities during the Russian Revolution, Russian émigré activities, and conditions in Russia during and after the Revolution. Access The collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least two business days in advance of intended use. Publication Rights For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Library & Archives Acquisition Information Acquired by the Hoover Institution Library & Archives in 1928. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Mikhail Nikolaevich Girs papers, [Box no., Folder no. or title], Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Alternative Form Available Also available on microfilm (75 reels). 1856 Born, Russia 1894 Russian Minister to Brazil 1898 Russian Minister
    [Show full text]
  • Collected Commentary on the Ku Klux Klan
    BECOMING MODERN: AMERICA IN THE 1920S PRIMARY SOURCE COLLECTION ONTEMPORAR Y HE WENTIES IN OMMENTARY T T C * — The Ku Klux Klan — Spreading far beyond its southern Reconstruction roots, the resurgent Klan of the 1920s was a short-lived but potent phenomenon. By equating white Anglo-Saxon Protestantism with “true Americanism,” it fueled intolerance for blacks, Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and those it deemed immoral and lawless. Under the guise of patriotism and Christianity, it justified acts of intimidation and vigilante justice. As the Klan grew nationally, many “klaverns” eschewed violence while fostering suspicion and prejudice toward “the other” in their communities. The following selections from commentary on and by the Klan offer an overview of this pivotal movement of the 1920s. BACK TO LIFE AND VERY ACTIVE AFTER FORTY YEARS! W. E. B. Du Bois This is the thrilling story that one hears today in various “The Ku Klux Are Riding Again!” parts of the South. The old Klan with its white-robed citizens The Crisis, March 1919 going out to maintain the supremacy of the white race, as depicted by Thomas Dixon and his satellite, D. W. Griffith,1 has again come to life. Read this article printed in a daily in Montgomery, Ala.: __ KU KLUX KLANSMEN SUGGEST SILENT PARADE! __ The city of Montgomery was visited last night by a Ku Klux Klan that bore all the earmarks of the ancient honorable order that placed white supremacy back in the saddle after a reign or terror for several years by Negroes and scalawags. About one hundred white-robed figures silently paraded through the town and, as the paper specially mentioned, went into that section where the Negroes lived.
    [Show full text]
  • Secrets of the Ku Klux Klan Exposed by the World.” So Read the Headline Atop the Front Page of the New York World on 6 September 1921
    Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass History Publications Dept. of History 2015 Publicity and Prejudice: The ewN York World’s Exposé of 1921 and the History of the Second Ku Klux Klan John T. Kneebone Virginia Commonwealth University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/hist_pubs Part of the Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication Commons, History Commons, and the Journalism Studies Commons Copyright © 2015 John Kneebone Downloaded from http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/hist_pubs/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Dept. of History at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Publications by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PUBLICITY AND PREJUDICE: THE NEW YORK WORLD’S EXPOSÉ OF 1921 AND THE HISTORY OF THE SECOND KU KLUX KLAN John T. Kneebone, Ph.D. Department Chair and Assistant Professor of History, Virginia Commonwealth University “Secrets of the Ku Klux Klan Exposed By The World.” So read the headline atop the front page of the New York World on 6 September 1921. Twenty days and twenty front- page stories later, the World concluded its exposé with a proud headline declaring “Ku Klux Inequities Fully Proved.” By then more than two-dozen other papers across the country were publishing the World’s exposures, and, as Rodger Streitmatter puts it, “the series held more than 2 million readers spellbound each day.” The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc., had become national news. Most contemporary observers agreed with the World that the now-visible Invisible Empire would not survive the attention.1 Predictions of the Klan’s demise proved premature.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Review
    FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF RICHMOND General Business and Agricultural Conditions in the Fifth Federal Reserve District By CALDWELL HARDY, Chairman and Federal Reserve Agent RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, OCTOBER 31, 1921 Signs that seem to point Textile manufacturers con­ to a healthy business revival CONTENTS tinue to receive increasing are slowly but steadily be­ orders, and are making some coming more apparent in the profits out of the new busi­ Fifth Reserve District, a de­ Introduction ness. Prospects in the cloth­ velopment that has its origin Condition of Member Banks ing trade are fair, and the with the improved demand Debits to Individual Account shoe business is good. Hos­ for cotton, cotton goods, and Monthly Clearings iery and knit goods manu­ profitable prices for tobacco. Business Failures facturers are operating their The cotton crop report, is­ Textiles mills full time, with suffi­ sued by the Department of Clothing cient orders ahead to take Agriculture, as of Septem­ Foods their output for several ber 25, was more optimistic Coal months. Food dealers re­ than had been expected, but Tobacco port good business in all the prices have not declined Cotton lines during September, with seriously, and are hovering Building Construction an increasing tendency for persistently near the twenty Retail Trade jobbers to buy for future cent mark. The effects of Wholesale Trade requirements. The coal out­ the present prices for cot­ put is increasing steadily, ton and tobacco have been probably sufficiently to take felt in every line of business care of increased orders as in the District, and the reports received from lead­ industry gets back into operation.
    [Show full text]
  • 7550 the London Gazette, 27 October, 1922
    7550 THE LONDON GAZETTE, 27 OCTOBER, 1922. SCHEDULE—continued. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Yearly Date from which sum or . yearly sum Benefice. County. Diocese. stipend or stipend is granted. payable. £ Henbury, V. ... Chester Chester 26(0 1 May, 1922 Latchfofd, St. James, V. Chester Chester 32 1 May, 1921 Little Budworth, V. Chester Chester 14(0 1 May, 1922 Marton, P.C. ... Chester Cheater 13(p)(0 1 May, 1921 Middle wich, V. Chester Chester 20 1 May, 1921 North Rode, St. Michael, V. ... Chester Chester Q(p)(t) 1 May, 1921 Rainow, V., with Salteraf ord, V. Chester Chester £46 I0a.(e) 2 Feb., 1922 Stoak, V. (or Stoke) Chester Chester 25 (0 1 May, 1922 Taxal, R., with Kettleshulme,V. Chester Chester £46 10s. 2 Feb., 1922 (')(*). Tintwistle, Christ Church, V. .. Chester Chester ... £12lOs.(/) 29 Oct., 1921 Wettenhall, V Chester Chester ... • 6(0 1 May, 1921 Wharton, V Chester Chester 37 1 May, 1921 Wincle, V, Chester ... Chester 7(0 1 May, 1921 Wincle,V. Chester Chester 5 (0 1 May, 1921 Wybunbury, V. Chester Chester 16(0 1 May, 1921 Barnham, V. Sussex ... Chichester 140(0 1 May, 1921 Bepton, R Sussex Chichester 60(p)(0 1 May, 1921 Binsted, R. Sussex ... Chichester 1 May, 1921 Bishopstone, V Sussex Chichester "*(0 1 May, 1921 Bodle Street Green, R Sussex ,, Chichester 26(0 1 May, 1922 Brighton, St. Wilfrid, V. Sussex ... Chichester 200 17 July, 1922 Buxted, St. Mary, V. Sussex Chichester 44 (0 1 May, 1922 Chalvmgton, E. Sussex Chichester 7 (p) (0 1 May, 1921 Crawley Down, All Saiuts, V...
    [Show full text]