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KLL-Berau-Komplit MENUJU KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT BERAU, KALIMANTAN TIMUR StatusStatus sumberdayasumberdaya pesisirpesisir dandan prosesproses pengembanganpengembangan Editor : Budy Wiryawan M.Khazali Maurice Knight xvi PROFIL KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT KABUPATEN BERAU MENUJU KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT BERAU, KALIMANTAN TIMUR Status Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Proses Pengembangan Editor : Budy Wiryawan M.Khazali Maurice Knight Kontributor : • Handoko A.Susanto, Budy Wiryawan, M.Khazali (Administrasi kawasan dan proses pengembangan KKL) • Audrie Siahainenia, Budy Wiryawan, M.Khazali (Profil biofisik karang dan lamun, pemanfaatan sumberdaya & GIS) • Dietriech G.Bengen (Profil biofisik mangrove & kawasan prioritas konservasi) • Tommy H.Purwaka, Jason Patlis dan Sulaiman Sembiring (Aspek Hukum dan Kelembagaan) • Hirmen Sofyanto,M.Khazali (Kondisi sosial ekonomi dan perikanan) • Katherina dan Imran Lapong, Budy Wiryawan (Profil biofisik karang dan mamalia laut) • Hatta Arsyad (Profil Perikanan Berau dan kebijakan KKL) • Gede Raka Wiadnya, Budy Wiryawan (Manfaat KKL dan Perikanan) • I.B.Windia Adnyana (Profil biofisik penyu laut) • Peter Mous dan Lida Pet-Soede (Manfaat KKL, Prioritas Kawasan Konservasi) Kutipan : Wiryawan, B., M.Khazali, & M.Knight (eds.). 2005. Menuju Kawasan Konservasi Laut Berau, Kalimantan Timur. Status sumberdaya pesisir dan proses pengembangannya. Program Bersama Kelautan Berau Mitra Pesisir/CRMP II USAID, WWF dan TNC. Jakarta. Style Editor : Ahmad Husein Foto-foto: Dok. Program Bersama Kelautan Berau TNC-WWF- MITRA PESISIR Desain Grafis : Pasus Legowo PROFIL KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT KABUPATEN BERAU xv Kata Pengantar uji syukur dipanjatkan kepada Tuhan Yaha Maha Esa karena Profil Kawasan Konservasi Laut Kabupaten Berau (KKL Berau) dapat disusun. Kami mengucapkan terima kasih Pkepada semua pihak yang telah berkontribusi dalam penyusunan buku ini. Dengan terbentuknya KKL Berau melalui Peraturan Bupati Berau No. …. Tahun 2005 tentang Kawasan Konservasi Laut Kabupaten Berau, diperlukan berbagai langkah dan tindak lanjut agar KKL tersebut dapat bermanfaat bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat dan pembangunan Kabupaten Berau khususnya, dan Indonesia umumnya. Pembentukan KKL ini merupakan langkah awal dari sebuah proses panjang dalam pengelolaan KKL Berau. Untuk itu diperlukan pemahaman yang baik terhadap kondisi lingkungan dan sosial-ekonomi masyarakat di dalam dan sekitar KKL. Pembuatan profil KKL Berau didasari atas perlunya informasi yang akurat dan komprehensif tentang kondisi lingkungan dan sosial-ekonomi masyarakat di dalam dan sekitar KKL Berau. Dengan terbentuknya profil ini diharapkan: • Melengkapi data-data dan informasi, termasuk potensi dan permasalahan pada KKL Berau. • Meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang potensi dan permasalahan yang ada di KKL Berau. • Meletakkan landasan pemikiran dalam rangka perencanaan dan pengelolaan KKL Berau. Penyusunan profil KKL Berau ini merupakan salah satu upaya konkrit Program Bersama Kelautan TNC-WWF-Mitra Pesisir dalam menindaklanjuti komitmen untuk bekerja bersama dengan Pemerintah Kabupaten Berau dalam pengembangan KKL Berau. Diharapkan profil ini dapat menjadi masukan dan bahan dalam pengelolaan KKL Berau. Profil ini merupakan suatu ‘snap-shot’ kondisi sumberdaya alam pada saat ini. Untuk itu diperlukan revisi dan pengkayaan informasi yang ada di dalamnya. Menyadari akan kekurangan informasi yang disajikan, kami mengharapkan saran, kritik dan masukan untuk penyempurnaan buku ini. Kritik dan saran juga diperlukan sebagai bahan untuk perencanaan dan pengelolaan KKL Berau. Akhirnya, kami atas Program Bersama Kelautan TNC-WWF-Mitra Pesisir, mengucapkan banyak terima kasih atas kerjasama dan partisipasi para pihak dan masyakarat Berau, terutama dalam penerbitan Profil ini. Tanjung Redeb, Juli 2005 Penyusun. PROFIL KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT KABUPATEN BERAU i Sambutan Bupati Berau Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Kami menyambut baik terbitnya buku Profil Kawasan Konservasi Laut (KKL) Berau yang telah disusun oleh Program Bersama Kelautan TNC–WWF-Mitra Pesisir. Buku ini diharapkan dapat mendukung proses pembangunan daerah karena di dalam buku ini menggambarkan potensi, kondisi dan permasalahan dalam KKL Berau. Selain itu, profil ini juga diharapkan dapat digunakan oleh pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan untuk mengetahui, mengenal, dan memanfaatkan potensi KKL Berau secara lestari dan berkesinambungan. Dengan adanya UU No. 31 Tahun 2004 tentang Perikanan dan UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, maka peranan dan tanggung jawab daerah dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan laut di daerahnya semakin besar. Bagi Kabupaten Berau, pembangunan wilayah pesisir dan laut kabupaten ini kedepannya sangat strategis mengingat besarnya potensi yang ada. Sebagai langkah awal untuk menuju kearah tersebut adalah pembentukan Kawasan Konservasi Laut (KKL) Berau melalui Peraturan Bupati No…. Tahun 2005. Oleh karena itu, buku profil ini akan sangat berguna untuk perencanaan dan pengelolaan KKL Berau kedepannya. Sehubungan dengan publikasi ini, ucapan terima kasih kami sampaikan kepada Program Bersama Kelautan TNC-WWF-Mitra Pesisir. Secara khusus kami juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh jajaran Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Berau, LSM, kalangan akademisi dalam dan luar negeri atas penyampaian data, informasi dan masukan yang konstruktif. Akhirnya, penghargaan disampaikan kepada seluruh masyarakat di Kabupaten Berau, dengan harapan semoga publikasi ini dapat bermanfaat dan memacu kita semua untuk melaksanakan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan demi mencapai kesejahteraan masyarakat. Terima kasih. Tanjung Redeb, Juli 2005 Bupati Berau H. Masdjuni ii PROFIL KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT KABUPATEN BERAU Ucapan Terima Kasih Institusi Pemerintah: • H. Masdjuni dan Makmur HAPK, Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Berau • H. A. Rifai, Ketua DPRD Berau • H. M. Hatta Arsyad, Tenteram Rahayu, Jen Mohamad dan staf DKP Berau • Yaya Mulyana dan Agus Dermawan, Direktorat Konservasi dan Taman Nasional DKP • Syamsul Abidin, Agus Chaeruddin, Ahyar Supriyadi dan staf, Bappeda Berau • Abidinsyah, Masrani, Widyastuti dan staf, Bapelda Berau • Sudirman, Berin Silalahi dan staf, Dinas Pariwisata Berau • A. Delmi dan staf, Dinas Kehutanan Berau • Suriansyah dan Sulaiman, Bagian Hukum Pemda Berau • Adi Susmiyanto dan Staf PHKA Departemen Kehutanan • Agus Haryanta, Farhani dan staf, Seksi Wilayah I KSDA Kalimantan Timur • Tim Pengarah Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Laut Kabupaten Berau • Camat P. Derawan, P. Maratua, Talisayan, Biduk-biduk, Batu Putih, Tabalar dan Biatan Lempake • Kepala Kampung Tanjung Batu, Teluk Semanting, Kasai, Pegat Batumbuk, P. Derawan, Teluk Alulu, Teluk Harapan, Payung-payung, Bohe Silian, Mantaritip, Tabalar Muara, Tubaan, Radak Buyung- buyung, Pisang-pisnagan, Karang Bajau, Biatan Muara, Talisayan, Batu Putih, Balikukup, Teluk Sumbang, Pantai Harapan, Tanjung Perepat, Biduk-biduk, Giring-giring dan Teluk Sulaeman. • Ferrianto A. Jais dan Sugiono, Direktorat Tata Ruang DKP • Suharsono dan Wawan Kiswara, P2O LIPI • Sulaiman Gafur, Zairin, Gunung Djoko dan Noor Sigit, Bappeda Kaltim • Bambang Eko dan Usman, DKP Kaltim • Teman-teman sejawat, Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan, FPIK-IPB • Syafei Sidik, FPIK Universitas Mulawarman Lembaga Non Pemerintahdan Lembaga Internasional: • Niel Makinuddin dan staf, CRMP II / Mitra Pesisir Balikpapan • Rili Djohani, Jos Pet, J. Subianto, Gede Raka Wiadnya, A. Halim dan M. Barmawi, Tri Soekirman (TNC-SEACMPA) • Mubariq Ahmad, Lida Pet-Soede, I.B. Windia Adnyana, Dewi Satriani, dan Boyke Lakaseru (WWF Indonesia) • Scott A. Stanley, Elim Somba dan Agus Salim (TNC - Indonesia) • Ketut Sarjana Putra, Mark V. Erdman (CI Indonesia) • Ismid Hadad, Anida Haryatmo, Julia Kalmirah, C. Ismuranti (Yayasan Kehati) • Juhriansyah dan staf (Yayasan Bestari), Suardi dan staf (Lapermma), Salim dan Staf (Yayasan Kalbu), Staf Stasiun Monitoring Penyu Sangalaki • Kaltim Post dan Tribun Kaltim • Rosita Veronica, Isrin, Made Sudarsa, Toni dan Nurdin, staf Program Bersama Kelautan TNC- WWF-Mitra Pesisir • Irfan Yulianto, Tasrif Kartawijaya, M.Prastowo (Tim Survei Mantatow 2003) • Bert Hoeksema dan Willem Renema (Naturalis Leiden Museum) • Gerry Allen (West Australian Museum), Benjamin Kahn (Apex International), E. Turak • Stacey Tighe, Jacub Rais, Lisa Ingkiriwang, Nurhaida, Tammy, Yanti, Glaudy, Tony, Vicar dan segenap staf Mitra Pesisir Jakarta Swasta: • Sangalaki Dive Lodge, Nabucco Dive Resort, Paradise Dive Resort, BMI Dive Resort, Kiani Kertas, Penginapan Danakan PROFIL KAWASAN KONSERVASI LAUT KABUPATEN BERAU iii Executive Summary INTRODUCTION The Derawan Archipelago is situated in East Kalimantan (Borneo) on the western side of Makassar Strait and at the nexus of two Indonesian Seas; the Sulawesi (or Celebes) Sea and the Java Sea. The marine waters of the Derawan Archipelago are strongly influenced by the Indonesian Flow trough (the major tropical oceanic exchange current between the Pacific and Indian Oceans; and periodic deep-sea up-wellings from the Sulawesi Sea as well as major river outflows. The inter-island passages between the major reef complexes and islands are governed by substan- tial tidal and ocean exchange currents ranging from 2-4 knots. This makes the Derawan Archipelago a diverse and dynamic marine environment with numerous riverine, coastal and oceanic cetacean habitats in close proximity – including river deltas, mangroves, shelf and oceanic coral reefs, pelagic waters and seamounts as well as migratory corridors of ecoregional importance. The Derawan Archi- pelago survey area is part
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