Life in Slums (“Favelas”): Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

By Jailson de Souza e Silva Abril/2014 Slum (Favela): what place is it ? Favela: what place is one (this)?

• There are more than 700 slums in the Rio of January. • The Slums were built the beginning of the century XX.

• Poor people were occupying public or devaluated areas .

• The slums had a great growth from the decade of 60.

• There are many kinds of slums.

• In general, they are precarious services and urbane equipments.

Slum: what place is it ?

• The population: • black people and people migrates from Northeast and other poor areas of Brazil. • Labor manual, in general • Little Education • Low salaries • 40 % of the families led only by women • Many men are murder every year. Favela: what place is one (this)?

• The life in the slums: • High degree of solidarity • Collective organization for conquest of common services. • The "party" as common practice in the daily life • High degree of creativity and resistance to the repression Violence in Rio de Janeiro City

• The violence is the biggest problem in Slums, in Rio de Janeiro and the other Big Centers in Brazil. • The police in Rio de Janeiro, untill 2008, murdered 5 times more people each year than all U.S.’s police in the same period. Now, it kill oficially 400 people each year. Violence in Rio de Janeiro City

Reasons: • Economical growth separated from the rate of job • Absence of the state in areas social and economical critical • Increase the drug trafficking in the slums. The violence in Rio de janeiro is different between Rich Areas and the Slums 2004

800 617

600

400

200 17

0 Leme, Cos ta Barros , Copac abana Roc ha Miranda

The incidence of murders in Rocha Miranda, in 2004, was 36 times bigger than in Copacabana. Murders in the Rio de Janeiro

Comparative for Age and Color, 2000

140

120 Branca Preta e Parda

100

80

60 Númerohomicídiosde 40

20

0

2 anos 4 anos 6 anos 8 anos 10 anos12 anos14 anos16 anos18 anos20 anos22 anos24 anos26 anos28 anos30 anos32 anos34 anos36 anos38 anos40 anos42 anos44 anos46 anos48 anos50 anos52 anos54 anos56 anos58 anos60 anos62 anos64 anos

Menos de 1 ano Acima de 65 anos Idade Fonte: Data-SUS, Ministério da Saúde A new Public Security for slums

1. The state should considerate that all citizens are the same before the law 2. Respect the human rights, with the reform of the police 3. Presence of state in the whole city, inclusive in the slums. 4. Reduction of the criminality and dissolution of the criminal groups 5. Integrated projects of local development in the slums – global, long duration and result of partnership of the Government, Civil Society, local Population and Privates Companies.

THE END

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