Managing the Space Station Program, 1982-1986
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Screenplay by Josh Singer Based on the Book by James R. Hansen
Screenplay By Josh Singer Based on the Book By James R. Hansen © 2018 UNIVERSAL STUDIOS and STORYTELLER DISTRIBUTION CO., LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED OVER BLACK: We hear a LOW RUMBLE. It gets louder as we hear... a SCREAMING ENGINE... HOWLING WIND... BURSTS of STATIC... and FAINT COMMS. It SURROUNDS us, filling us with dread, POUNDING US INTO -- 1 INT. X-15 COCKPIT, HIGH RANGE, ABOVE EDWARDS AFB - DAY 1 A pair of BLUE EYES. TICKING back and forth. Rapidly. Ignoring the FRIGHTENING WALL OF SOUND all around us. JOE (COMMS) Data check? NEIL (O.C.) 2 APU on. Cabin pressure is good, 3500 on #1, 3355 on #2. Platform internal power. PULL BACK TO NEIL ARMSTRONG, 31, in a silver pressure suit. Neil is INTENSELY FOCUSED, impressive in the SEVERE TURBULENCE. JOE (COMMS) What’s your mixing chambers? NEIL (INTO COMMS) -44 and -45. BUTCH (COMMS) Two minute point. NEIL (INTO COMMS) MH circuit breakers on, opening nitrogren valve. Neil opens the nitrogen valve on the low tech console. As the nitrogen creates a THIN WHITE FOG in the cabin, Neil looks out the window. The plane looks like a ROCKET... because it is. This is the X-15... the FASTEST FUCKING AIRCRAFT EVER MADE. Hence the nitrogen. Neil shivers a bit. NEIL JOE WALKER (COMMS) Chilly. Won’t be for long. We note the X-15 isn’t flying exactly, it’s under the wing of a B-52, an EIGHT ENGINE BEHEMOTH shaking more than the X-15. TERRIFYING, but Neil’s calm as he’s KNOCKED about the cockpit. -
Apollo Program 1 Apollo Program
Apollo program 1 Apollo program The Apollo program was the third human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the United States' civilian space agency. First conceived during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower as a three-man spacecraft to follow the one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of "landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" by the end of the 1960s, which he proposed in a May 25, 1961 address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini (1962–66). The first manned flight of Apollo was in 1968 and it succeeded in landing the first humans on Earth's Moon from 1969 through 1972. Kennedy's goal was accomplished on the Apollo 11 mission when astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Lunar Module (LM) on the Moon on July 20, 1969 and walked on its surface while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command spacecraft, and all three landed safely on Earth on July 24. Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon, the last in December 1972. In these six spaceflights, 12 men walked on the Moon. Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. -
CHAPTER 9: the Flight of Apollo
CHAPTER 9: The Flight of Apollo The design and engineering of machines capable of taking humans into space evolved over time, and so too did the philosophy and procedures for operating those machines in a space environment. MSC personnel not only managed the design and construction of space- craft, but the operation of those craft as well. Through the Mission Control Center, a mission control team with electronic tentacles linked the Apollo spacecraft and its three astronauts with components throughout the MSC, NASA, and the world. Through the flights of Apollo, MSC became a much more visible component of the NASA organization, and oper- ations seemingly became a dominant focus of its energies. Successful flight operations required having instant access to all of the engineering expertise that went into the design and fabrication of the spacecraft and the ability to draw upon a host of supporting groups and activities. N. Wayne Hale, Jr., who became a flight director for the later Space Transportation System (STS), or Space Shuttle, missions, compared the flights of Apollo and the Shuttle as equivalent to operating a very large and very complex battleship. Apollo had a flight crew of only three while the Shuttle had seven. Instead of the thousands on board being physically involved in operating the battleship, the thousands who helped the astronauts fly Apollo were on the ground and tied to the command and lunar modules by the very sophisticated and advanced electronic and computer apparatus housed in Mission Control.1 The flights of Apollo for the first time in history brought humans from Earth to walk upon another celes- tial body. -
Sanomalehtikeskustelu Liittyen Nasan Edistymiseen Apollo-Avaruusohjelmassa Vuosina 1967–1969
”Our program is moving with rapid momentum” Sanomalehtikeskustelu liittyen NASAn edistymiseen Apollo-avaruusohjelmassa vuosina 1967–1969 Jere Kesti-Helia Pro gradu -tutkielma Turun yliopisto Historian, kulttuurin ja taiteiden tutkimuksen laitos Kulttuurituotannon ja maisemantutkimuksen koulutusohjelma Digitaalinen kulttuuri Marraskuu 2019 Turun yliopiston laatujärjestelmän mukaisesti tämän julkaisun alkuperäisyys on tarkastettu Turnitin OriginalityCheck -järjestelmällä. TURUN YLIOPISTO Historian, kulttuurin ja taiteiden tutkimuksen laitos/ Humanistinen tiedekunta KESTI-HELIA, JERE: ”Our program is moving with rapid momentum” – Sanomalehtikeskustelu liittyen NASAn edistymiseen Apollo-avaruusohjelmassa vuosina 1967–1969 Pro gradu -tutkielma, 96 s. Digitaalinen kulttuuri Marraskuu 2019 ________________________________________________________________________________ Tutkielman tarkoitus on selvittää NASAn Apollo-avaruusohjelman edistymiseen liittyviä näkemyksiä sanomalehdissä vuosina 1967–1969. Apollo-ohjelman tavoite oli lähettää ihminen kuuhun ja takaisin maahan ennen 1970-lukua, kuten presidentti John F. Kennedy oli vuonna 1961 ilmoittanut. Apollo-avaruusohjelma kuului osaksi supervaltojen välistä kylmän sodan aikaista avaruuskisaa. Aiheen aikarajaus käsittää Apollo-ohjelman viimeiset vuodet ensimmäiseen kuuhunlaskeutumiseen asti. Aineistona käytetään kahden vaikutusvaltaisen sanomalehden, The New York Timesin ja The Washington Postin sanomalehtiartikkeleita. Tutkimus noudattaa laadullisen tutkimuksen periaatteita. Varsinaisena metodina -
Space Stations: Base Camps to the Stars*
Chapter 23 Space Stations: Base Camps to the Stars* Roger D. Launius† Introduction This paper reviews the history of space stations in American culture, from an 1869 work of fiction in the Atlantic Monthly to the present realization of the International Space Station (ISS). It also discusses the history of space stations “real and imagined” as cultural icons. From winged rocket ships, to the giant ro- tating wheels of Wernher von Braun and 2001: A Space Odyssey, to the epic, controversy-wracked saga of the ISS, the paper also discusses Mir, Skylab, and the Salyuts. It will close with a projection into the future as ISS is realized—or perhaps deferred—and perhaps future generations begin work on space stations elsewhere in the Solar System. The Attraction of a Space Station From virtually the beginning of the 20th century, those interested in the human exploration of space have viewed as central to that endeavor the building of a massive Earth-orbital space station that would serve as the jumping-off point to the Moon and the planets. Always, space exploration enthusiasts believed, a * Presented at the Thirty-Eighth History Symposium of the International Academy of As- tronautics, 4–8 October 2004, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Paper IAC-04-IAA.6.15.4.01. † Division of Space History, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 421 permanently occupied space station was a necessary outpost in the new frontier of space. The more technically minded recognized that once humans had achieved Earth orbit about 200 miles up, the presumed location of any space sta- tion, the vast majority of the atmosphere and the gravity well had been conquered and that people were now about halfway to anywhere they might want to go. -
Apollo 204 Accident.:1
/ CONGRESS} REPORT !Zd Session SENATE { No. 956 c APOLLO 204 ACCIDENT.:1 REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES UNITED STATES SENATE WITH ADDITIONAL VIEWS JANUARY 30, 1968.-0rdered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1968 L- R Cf 0 2.. ,5AS 5 CY~d t,- COM~IITTEE ON AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES CLINTON P . ANDERSON, New Mexico, Chairman RIClL\.RD B. RUSSELL, Georgia MARGARET CHASE SMITH," Maine WARREN G. MAGNUS0::-1, Washington BOURKE B. HICKENLOOPER,Jrowa STUART SYMINGTON, .Missouri CARL T. CURTIS, Nebraska JOHN STENNIS, Mississippi LEN B. JORDAN, Idaho STEPHEN M.. YOUNG, Ohio EDWARD W. BROOKE, ~iassacbuselts THOMAS J. DODD, Connecticut CHARLES H. PERCY, Dllnois HOWARD W. CAN::-! ON, Nevada SPESSARD L. HOLLAND, Florida WALTER F. MONDALE, Minnesota J.uu:s J. GEIDUG, S/.aff Director EVERARD H. SM:!TH, Jr., Profeuional Staff Member Dr. GLEN P. WILSON, Profu&ional Staff Mr:mb<r CR.UG VOORHEES, Pro[mional Staff Member WILLLUI P Al\KER, Pro[e&rional Staff Member SoU! BOUCHARD, A&&i&tant Chief Clerk DONALD H. BREJ\'NAN, Re&earch A&&i&tant (II) PREFACE It is the committee's view that, when an event such as the tragic Apollo 204 accident occurs, it is necessary for the appropriate con gressional committees to review the event thoroughly. The Congress has a duty to be fully informed and to provide an information flow to the people. Fmther, the committee has a responsibility to satisfy itself thu.t a strong K ASA management is exercising vigilance over the safety of the people working on the space progFams. -
Astronaut Candidacy and Selection
5/2/2019 Show Apache Solr Results in Table Published on dms_public.local.dev (https://historydms.hq.nasa.gov) Show Apache Solr Results in Table Displaying 1 - 17 of 17 Highlight On Summary View Show All Sort Result Set Record Number 30030 Series: ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS Document Type: ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS Publish_status: Public Approval Status: APPROVED FOR PUBLIC Subject: YOUNG, JOHN W. Location: ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT Folder Title: YOUNG, JOHN W. ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW Period Covered: 1974-06-28: JUNE 28, 1974 Description: Oral history interview with John W. Young conducted by Robert Sherrod for unpublished book on the Apollo program re current astronaut assignments, Young's education, Young's selection as part of second class of astronauts, Gus Grissom, training for Gemini 3 flight, Gemini 3 flight, Gemini 10 flight, how Young became command module (CM) pilot on Apollo 10 flight, Young's involvement with Apollo 13 flight, steering an Apollo CM through reentry, difference between space photography and the human eye, Apollo 16 astronaut training, Apollo 16 flight, what Young did in space between Apollo 1 (AS-204) fire and Apollo 7 flight, and when NASA would select Space Shuttle astronauts. Name(s) YOUNG, JOHN W. SHERROD, ROBERT GRISSOM, VIRGIL I. ("GUS") Topics: APOLLO PROGRAM, ASTRONAUT OFFICE, ASTRONAUT SELECTION, ASTRONAUT TRAINING, GEMINI 3 FLIGHT, GEMINI 10 FLIGHT, APOLLO 10 FLIGHT, APOLLO 13 FLIGHT, APOLLO 16 FLIGHT Access Type: GUEST Updated By: esuckow Last Update: 2019-04-03T17:39:00Z Record Number 31128 Series: ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS Document Type: ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEWS, TRANSCRIPTS Publish_status: Public Approval Status: APPROVED FOR PUBLIC Subject: DONLAN, CHARLES J. -
The Early Days of Simulation and Operations
The Early Days of Simulation and Operations The following is an attempt to capture some of my memories of my work at NASA starting July 7, 1959 until I left in August 1970. It is not meant to be a definitive history of what went on in those early days. Harold G. Miller June 30, 2013 Great Falls, Virginia 1 The Early Days of Simulation and Operations In September 1959 a group was formed under Jack Cohen to develop a program for training the personnel who would support Project Mercury. These personnel to be trained were to be located at the Mercury Control Center (MCC) at Cape Canaveral, Florida, and around the world at the Mercury remote sites. This training group was called the Simulation Task Group. Assigned to the group was Arthur (Art) Hand, Glynn Lunney and myself, Harold G. Miller. Richard (Dick) Hoover and Stanley Faber would join the group soon. Richard (Dick) Koos would join the group Sept. 19, 1960. William (Bill) Sullivan transferred into the group from NASA’s Langley Research Center (LaRC). The initial team was located in a small room just off John P. Mayer’s branch on the U.S. Air Force (USAF) side of the NASA Langley Research Center (also Air Force Base), Hampton, Virginia. About a year after the group was formed we were moved to another building and had our offices over a wind tunnel. Jack Cohen left the Simulation Task Group after about a year. Shortly after the group was formed Art Hand transferred to the Cape Canaveral Mercury Control Center. -
NASA) FOIA Case Logs, 2012-2015
Description of document: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) FOIA Case Logs, 2012-2015 Requested date: 19-February-2016 Released date: 24-February-2016 Posted date: 29-August-2016 Source of document: FOIA Request NASA Headquarters 300 E Street, SW Room 5Q16 Washington, DC 20546 Fax: (202) 358-4332 Email: [email protected] Online FOIA Form The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters Washington, DC 20546-0001 February 24, 2016 Reply to Attn of: Office of Communication FOIA: 16-HQ-F-00317 Thank you for your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request dated and received February 19, 2016, at the NASA Headquarters FOIA Office. -
CHAPTER 5: Gemini: on Managing Spaceflight
CHAPTER 5: Gemini: On Managing Spaceflight “The first phase of the Nation’s second manned space program began like a story- book success” on Saturday, April 8, 1964, when an unmanned, partly instrumented Gemini capsule entered orbit from its launch site at Cape Canaveral. 1 The 12 Gemini flights complet- ed by mid-1966 brought America from the edge of space to outer space, from the pioneering days of Mercury to the lunar landings of Apollo, and into new management techniques including processes like systems and subsystems management, configuration control, and incentive contracting. A major building block in the operations components of spaceflight, Gemini provided an invaluable learning experience in flight control, rendezvous, docking, endurance, extravehicular activity, controlled reentry, and worldwide communications. But the acceleration of Gemini and Apollo programs strained the human resources of the Houston center and created stress and management crises. Although critical in the manned space effort, Gemini was much more and much less than a “storybook” success. The April 1964 launch of the first unmanned Gemini spacecraft on the shoulders of an Air Force Titan II rocket was followed in May with the launch of the first Apollo vehicle aboard a Saturn I. Both coincided nicely with the final relocation of Manned Spacecraft Center personnel to their new permanent site at Clear Lake. Director Bob Gilruth declared an “open house” for the weekend of June 6 and 7, and took great “personal and professional satisfaction” in welcoming the public to the NASA MSC. 2 It was an open house that has been extended throughout the days of the Johnson Space Center, helping establish the important precedent that the center and NASA flight missions are for participation in and viewing and use by the public. -
Apollo Program 1 Apollo Program
Apollo program 1 Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the United States' civilian space agency, and the program was responsible for the landing of the first humans on Earth's Moon in 1969. First conceived during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower as a three-man spacecraft to follow the one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of "landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" by the end of the 1960s, which he proposed in a May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini (1962–66). The first manned flight of Apollo Apollo program insignia was in 1968. Kennedy's goal was accomplished on the Apollo 11 mission when astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Lunar Module (LM) on the Moon on July 20, 1969, and walked on its surface while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command spacecraft, and all three landed safely on Earth on July 24. Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon, the last in December 1972. In these six spaceflights, 12 men walked on the Moon. Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. -
United States Space Program Oral History Collection [Kapp]
United States Space Program Oral History Collection [Kapp] Melissa Carson (2001); Amanda Buel (2019) 2001 National Air and Space Museum Archives 14390 Air & Space Museum Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/archives Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 2 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series 1: Audio, 1939-1977 and undated................................................................ 4 Series 2: Transcripts, 1966-1969 and undated...................................................... 83 United States Space Program Oral History Collection [Kapp] NASM.XXXX.0138 Collection Overview Repository: National Air and Space Museum Archives Title: United States Space Program Oral History