Astronaut Candidacy and Selection
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Apollo Program 1 Apollo Program
Apollo program 1 Apollo program The Apollo program was the third human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the United States' civilian space agency. First conceived during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower as a three-man spacecraft to follow the one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of "landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" by the end of the 1960s, which he proposed in a May 25, 1961 address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini (1962–66). The first manned flight of Apollo was in 1968 and it succeeded in landing the first humans on Earth's Moon from 1969 through 1972. Kennedy's goal was accomplished on the Apollo 11 mission when astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Lunar Module (LM) on the Moon on July 20, 1969 and walked on its surface while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command spacecraft, and all three landed safely on Earth on July 24. Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon, the last in December 1972. In these six spaceflights, 12 men walked on the Moon. Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. -
Sanomalehtikeskustelu Liittyen Nasan Edistymiseen Apollo-Avaruusohjelmassa Vuosina 1967–1969
”Our program is moving with rapid momentum” Sanomalehtikeskustelu liittyen NASAn edistymiseen Apollo-avaruusohjelmassa vuosina 1967–1969 Jere Kesti-Helia Pro gradu -tutkielma Turun yliopisto Historian, kulttuurin ja taiteiden tutkimuksen laitos Kulttuurituotannon ja maisemantutkimuksen koulutusohjelma Digitaalinen kulttuuri Marraskuu 2019 Turun yliopiston laatujärjestelmän mukaisesti tämän julkaisun alkuperäisyys on tarkastettu Turnitin OriginalityCheck -järjestelmällä. TURUN YLIOPISTO Historian, kulttuurin ja taiteiden tutkimuksen laitos/ Humanistinen tiedekunta KESTI-HELIA, JERE: ”Our program is moving with rapid momentum” – Sanomalehtikeskustelu liittyen NASAn edistymiseen Apollo-avaruusohjelmassa vuosina 1967–1969 Pro gradu -tutkielma, 96 s. Digitaalinen kulttuuri Marraskuu 2019 ________________________________________________________________________________ Tutkielman tarkoitus on selvittää NASAn Apollo-avaruusohjelman edistymiseen liittyviä näkemyksiä sanomalehdissä vuosina 1967–1969. Apollo-ohjelman tavoite oli lähettää ihminen kuuhun ja takaisin maahan ennen 1970-lukua, kuten presidentti John F. Kennedy oli vuonna 1961 ilmoittanut. Apollo-avaruusohjelma kuului osaksi supervaltojen välistä kylmän sodan aikaista avaruuskisaa. Aiheen aikarajaus käsittää Apollo-ohjelman viimeiset vuodet ensimmäiseen kuuhunlaskeutumiseen asti. Aineistona käytetään kahden vaikutusvaltaisen sanomalehden, The New York Timesin ja The Washington Postin sanomalehtiartikkeleita. Tutkimus noudattaa laadullisen tutkimuksen periaatteita. Varsinaisena metodina -
Apollo 204 Accident.:1
/ CONGRESS} REPORT !Zd Session SENATE { No. 956 c APOLLO 204 ACCIDENT.:1 REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES UNITED STATES SENATE WITH ADDITIONAL VIEWS JANUARY 30, 1968.-0rdered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1968 L- R Cf 0 2.. ,5AS 5 CY~d t,- COM~IITTEE ON AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES CLINTON P . ANDERSON, New Mexico, Chairman RIClL\.RD B. RUSSELL, Georgia MARGARET CHASE SMITH," Maine WARREN G. MAGNUS0::-1, Washington BOURKE B. HICKENLOOPER,Jrowa STUART SYMINGTON, .Missouri CARL T. CURTIS, Nebraska JOHN STENNIS, Mississippi LEN B. JORDAN, Idaho STEPHEN M.. YOUNG, Ohio EDWARD W. BROOKE, ~iassacbuselts THOMAS J. DODD, Connecticut CHARLES H. PERCY, Dllnois HOWARD W. CAN::-! ON, Nevada SPESSARD L. HOLLAND, Florida WALTER F. MONDALE, Minnesota J.uu:s J. GEIDUG, S/.aff Director EVERARD H. SM:!TH, Jr., Profeuional Staff Member Dr. GLEN P. WILSON, Profu&ional Staff Mr:mb<r CR.UG VOORHEES, Pro[mional Staff Member WILLLUI P Al\KER, Pro[e&rional Staff Member SoU! BOUCHARD, A&&i&tant Chief Clerk DONALD H. BREJ\'NAN, Re&earch A&&i&tant (II) PREFACE It is the committee's view that, when an event such as the tragic Apollo 204 accident occurs, it is necessary for the appropriate con gressional committees to review the event thoroughly. The Congress has a duty to be fully informed and to provide an information flow to the people. Fmther, the committee has a responsibility to satisfy itself thu.t a strong K ASA management is exercising vigilance over the safety of the people working on the space progFams. -
Collection of Research Materials for the HBO Television Series, from the Earth to the Moon, 1940-1997, Bulk 1958-1997
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt8290214d No online items Finding Aid for the Collection of Research Materials for the HBO Television Series, From the Earth to the Moon, 1940-1997, bulk 1958-1997 Processed by Manuscripts Division staff; machine-readable finding aid created by Caroline Cubé © 2004 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 561 1 Finding Aid for the Collection of Research Materials for the HBO Television Series, From the Earth to the Moon, 1940-1997, bulk 1958-1997 Collection number: 561 UCLA Library, Department of Special Collections Manuscripts Division Los Angeles, CA Processed by: Manuscripts Division staff, 2004 Encoded by: Caroline Cubé © 2004 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: Collection of Research Materials for the HBO Television Series, From the Earth to the Moon, Date (inclusive): 1940-1997, bulk 1958-1997 Collection number: 561 Creator: Home Box Office (Firm) Extent: 86 boxes (43 linear ft.) Repository: University of California, Los Angeles. Library. Dept. of Special Collections. Los Angeles, California 90095-1575 Abstract: From the earth to the moon was a Clavius Base/Imagine Entertainment production that followed the experiences of the Apollo astronauts in their mission to place a man on the moon. The collection covers a variety of subjects related to events and issues of the United States manned space flight program through Project Apollo and the history of the decades it covered, primarily the 1960s and the early 1970s. The collection contains books, magazines, unidentified excerpts from books and magazines, photographs, videorecordings, glass slides and audiotapes. -
NASA) FOIA Case Logs, 2012-2015
Description of document: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) FOIA Case Logs, 2012-2015 Requested date: 19-February-2016 Released date: 24-February-2016 Posted date: 29-August-2016 Source of document: FOIA Request NASA Headquarters 300 E Street, SW Room 5Q16 Washington, DC 20546 Fax: (202) 358-4332 Email: [email protected] Online FOIA Form The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters Washington, DC 20546-0001 February 24, 2016 Reply to Attn of: Office of Communication FOIA: 16-HQ-F-00317 Thank you for your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request dated and received February 19, 2016, at the NASA Headquarters FOIA Office. -
Apollo Program 1 Apollo Program
Apollo program 1 Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the United States' civilian space agency, and the program was responsible for the landing of the first humans on Earth's Moon in 1969. First conceived during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower as a three-man spacecraft to follow the one-man Project Mercury which put the first Americans in space, Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal of "landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" by the end of the 1960s, which he proposed in a May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two-man Project Gemini (1962–66). The first manned flight of Apollo Apollo program insignia was in 1968. Kennedy's goal was accomplished on the Apollo 11 mission when astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Lunar Module (LM) on the Moon on July 20, 1969, and walked on its surface while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command spacecraft, and all three landed safely on Earth on July 24. Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon, the last in December 1972. In these six spaceflights, 12 men walked on the Moon. Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. -
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Description of document: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Report on Episodes from American History Where the Federal Government Fostered Critical Activities for the Public Good 2014 Requested date: 26-October-2020 Release date: 13-November-2020 Posted date: 22-February-2021 Source of document: FOIA Request NASA Headquarters 300 E Street, SW Room 5Q16 Washington, DC 20546 Fax: (202) 358-4332 Email: [email protected] Online FOIA submission form The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is a First Amendment free speech web site and is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters Washington, DC 20546-0001 November 13, 2020 Office of Communications Re: FOIA Tracking Number 21-NSSC-F-00054 This letter acknowledges receipt of your October 26, 2020 Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request to the NASA Headquarters FOIA Office. -
Papers of Samuel C. Phillips Span Dates: 1929-1990 Bulk Dates: (Bulk 1958-1989) ID No.: MSS80934 Creator: Phillips, Samuel C
Samuel C. Phillips A Register of His Papers in the Library of Congress Prepared by Karen Linn Femia and Bradley E. Gernand with the assistance of Brian McGuire and Andrew Passett Revised by Karen Linn Femia with the assistance of Michael W. Giese Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2004 Contact information: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/mss/address.html Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 2004 2004-07-02 converted from EAD 1.0 to EAD 2002 Collection Summary Title: Papers of Samuel C. Phillips Span Dates: 1929-1990 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1958-1989) ID No.: MSS80934 Creator: Phillips, Samuel C. (Samuel Cochran), 1921-1990 Extent: 67,200 items; 174 containers plus 1 oversize plus 1 classified; 49.6 linear feet; 11 microfilm reels Language: Collection material in English Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Abstract: United States Air Force officer, space agency official, intelligence agency director, and defense industry executive. Correspondence, diaries, memoranda, reports, family and personal papers, and photographs documenting Phillips's career in the United States Air Force where he specialized in ballistics and weapons research; as director of Project Apollo (U.S.), the lunar landing program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and as an executive with TRW Inc. and other defense contracting firms. Includes material on the Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile system, atomic weapons tests, Saturn Project (U.S.) (rocket development), the Superconducting Super Collider, the Strategic Defense Initiative, and other defense and aeronautical projects. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. -
Apollo: a Retrospective Analysis
APOLLO --A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS~-- by Roger D. Launius NASA History Office Code IQ Office of External Relations NASA Headquarters Washington, DC 20546 MONOGRAPHS IN AEROSPACE HISTORY NUMBER 3 NASA SP-2004-4503 Reprinted July 2004 APOLLO: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS PREFACE The program to land an American on the Moon and return safely to Earth in the 1960s has been called by some observers a defining event of the twentieth century. Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., even suggested that when Americans two centuries hence study the twentieth century, they will view the Apollo lunar landing as the critical event of the century. While that conclusion might be premature, there can be little doubt but that the flight of Apollo II in particular and the overall Apollo program in general was a high point in humanity's quest to explore the universe beyond Earth. Since the completion of Project Apollo more than twenty years ago there have been a plethora of books, stud ies, reports, and articles about its origin, execution, and meaning. At the time of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the first landing, it is appropriate to reflect on the effort and its place in U.S. and NASA history. This monograph has been written as a means to this end. It presents a short narrative account of Apollo from its origin through its assessment. That is followed by a mission by mission summary of the Apollo flights and concluded by a series of key documents relative to the program reproduced in facsimile. The intent of this monograph is to provide a basic history along with primary documents that may be useful to NASA personnel and others desiring informa tion about Apollo. -
Public Affairs Office Collection
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt2c6032rr No online items Guide to the Public Affairs Office Collection Guide prepared by April Gage NASA Ames History Archives NASA Ames Research Center Mail Stop 207-1 Moffett Field, California 94035 Phone: (650) 604-1032 Email: [email protected] URL: http://history.arc.nasa.gov ©2009 NASA Ames Research Center. All rights reserved. Guide to the Public Affairs Office AFS1380 1 Collection Guide to the Public Affairs Office Collection, 1940-2018 NASA Ames History Archives NASA Ames Research Center Contact Information: NASA Ames History Archives NASA Ames Research Center Mail Stop 207-1 Moffett Field, CA 94035 Phone: (650) 604-1032 Email: [email protected] URL: http://history.arc.nasa.gov Collection processed by: April Gage Date Completed: February 2009 ©2009 NASA Ames Research Center. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: Public Affairs Office Collection Date (inclusive): 1940-2020 Collection Number: AFS1380 Creator: Ames Research Center Extent: Number of containers: 58 Volume: 23.5 cubic feet15,892 digital items Repository: Ames Research Center, Ames History Archives Moffett Field, California 94035 Abstract: The Public Affairs Office Collection in the NASA Ames History Archives comprises news and communications materials, including press releases, circulars, audio-visual media, subject files, and photographs, that were produced and accumulated by Public Affairs Office staff. These records were used to disseminate information about the Center's activities to the public as mandated by the 1958 National Aeronautics and Space Act. Language: English Access Collection is open for research. Accruals Accruals of media, Ames Centerwide announcements, and digital news releases were transferred by Keith Venter, Rick Chen, and Astrid Albaugh, and added to the collection (Acquisitions 006-2010, 005-2018, 007-2018, respectively). -
First IAASS Conference "Space Safety, a New Beginning" 25 - 27 October 2005, Nice, France (ESA SP-599, December 2005)
IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAMMATIC QUALITY AND THE IMPACT ON SAFETY Dale T. Huls, Kevin M. Meehan National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center, Code OE, 2101 NASA Parkway, Houston, Texas 77058 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT d) Affordability -- the product or service must be cost- effect. The implementation of an inadequate programmatic quality assurance discipline has the potential to The “quality” of a product or service can therefore be adversely affect safety and mission success. This is best determined by how well it satisfies the above criteria. demonstrated in the lessons provided by the Apollo 1 While quality is “achieved” by defining efficient and Apollo 13 Challenger, and Columbia accidents; NASA effective processes to design and fabricate parts or Safety and Mission Assurance (S&MA) benchmarking provide services, it is “assured” by verifying that those exchanges; and conclusions reached by the Shuttle processes are adhered to and remain effective and Return-to-Flight Task Group established following the efficient. Columbia Shuttle accident. Examples from the ISS Program demonstrate continuing issues with In the case of human space flight and, in particular the programmatic quality. Failure to adequately address ISS, quality assurance can be broken into two distinct programmatic quality assurance issues has a real areas. The first area is “quality control”, or the real- potential to lead to continued inefficiency, increases in time verification that certain activities have been program costs, and additional catastrophic accidents. satisfactorily completed in compliance with requirements. The second area, which is the focus of 1. INTRODUCTION this paper, is the “programmatic quality assurance function” (hereafter referred to as the QA function). -
The Moon 35 Years After Apollo: What's Left to Learn?
ARTICLE IN PRESS Chemie der Erde ] (]]]]) ]]]–]]] www.elsevier.de/chemer INVITED REVIEW The Moon 35 years after Apollo: What’s left to learn? Clive R. Nealà Chair of the Lunar Exploration Analysis Group (LEAG), Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA Received 11 December 2007; accepted 29 July 2008 Abstract With the cancellation of the Apollo program after Apollo 17 returned from the Moon in 1972, the focus of NASA switched to other areas of the Solar System. Study of the Moon did continue through analysis of the returned samples and remotely sensed data sets (both orbital and surface), as well as through Earth-based telescopic studies. In the 1990s, new orbital data were obtained from several missions (fly-by and orbital), the first being Galileo that allowed the lunar farside to be mapped, followed by global mapping by the Clementine and Lunar Prospector missions. Interest in the Moon started to increase at the beginning of the 21st century as other nations focused their space exploration programs on the Moon. The speech by President Bush in January 2004 put the Moon back into the critical exploration path for NASA, paving the way for humans to return to the lunar surface by 2020. This return will be critical for developing technologies and protocols for the eventual human exploration of other parts of the solar system. At the time of writing (June 2008), the SELENE/Kaguya mission (Japan and Chang’e-1 (China) are orbiting the Moon, with Chandrayaan-1 (India) and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (USA) being scheduled to launch later in 2008.