Diabetes Mellitus Complication of DM Drug, If Drug-Induced

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Diabetes Mellitus Complication of DM Drug, If Drug-Induced Chapter IV E00-E99 Endocrine, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease นพ.บิัก์ เจิญิล์ ก่มงานัลยกรรม รพ.สวรร์ประชาัก์ นครสวรร์ 1 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complication of DM drug, if drug-induced. FBG >126 mg/dL, 2-h OGTT >200 mg/dL, HbA1C >6.5% The following fourth-character subdivisions are for use with· ketoacidosis categories } E10-E14: .2† With renal complications Diabanein = pass through .0 With coma Diabetic nephropathy ( N08.3* ) Diabetic: Intracapillary glomerulonephrosis ( N08.3* ) Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome ( N08.3* ) Mel = honey · coma with or without ketoacidosis · hyperosmolar coma .3† With ophthalmic complications Diabetes = sweet urine Diabetic: · hypoglycaemic coma · cataract ( H28.0* ) Hyperglycaemic coma NOS · retinopathy ( H36.0* ) .4† With neurological complications .1 With ketoacidosis Diabetic: postsurgical hypoinsulinaem · amyotrophy ( G73.0* ) R73.0 Abnormal glucose tolerance test Diabetic: · autonomic neuropathy ( G99.0* ) Diabetes: · acidosis · mononeuropathy ( G59.0* ) without mention of coma · polyneuropathy ( G63.2* ) · chemical · ketoacidosis } · autonomic ( G99.0* ) · latent .2† With renal complications .5 With peripheral circulatory complications Impaired glucose tolerance Auditor Diabetic: Prediabetes อ่าืมระุประเภท · gangrene R73.9 Hyperglycaemia, unspecified · peripheral angiopathy† ( I79.2* ) · ulcer กรีไ่ระุประเภท .6 With other specified complications R74 Abnormal serum enzyme leve Diabetic arthropathy† ( M14.2* ) Coder ใ้รัส E14.- · neuropathic† ( M14.6* ) .7 With multiple complications .8 With unspecified complications 3 4 Acute Complication of DM Diabetic Coma การเป่ยนแปลงความ้ึกัว่เิดจากโรคเบาหวาน Hypoglycemic coma อาการ้งแ่ึม ับสน จนกระ่งหมดสิ Diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA] Hyperglycemia, ketonuria, and acidosis. Hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma [HHC] Marked hyperglycemia, hyperosmolality, and prerenal azotemia. 5 6 Diabetic Coma Chronic Complication of DM Hypoglycemic coma Vascular complications Macrovascular complication กรีเิดหังการใ้ยาลดำตาล ใ้ระุ่อยา่เ็นสาเหุ - Coronary artery disease Diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA] - Peripheral arterial disease - Ketonemia or Ketonuria >2+ - Cerebrovascular disease - Blood glucose >250 mg/dL Microvascular complication - Metabolic acidosis - Retinopathy - Nephropathy Hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma [HHC] - Neuropathy - Serum osmolarity >330 mOsm/kg Nonvascular complications: gastroparesis, diarrhea, uropathy, - Blood glucose >800 mg/dL sexual dysfunction, infection, cataracts, glaucoma 7 8 Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Level Finding Mild NPDR Microaneurysms Moderate NPDR More than microaneurysms, but less than severe NPDR Severe NPDR No signs of PDR, with any of the following - More than 20 intraretinal hemorrhages - Definite venous beading - Prominent intraretinal microvascular anomalies PDR One or more the following - Neovascularization - Vitreous or preretinal homorrhage NPDR = nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy PDR = proliferative diabetic retinopathy 9 10 Diabetic Nephropathy Diabetic Nephropathy Normoalbuminuria เกณ์การิิจัย urine albumin <30 mg/day กรี้่วยให่ ้องีผลตรวจัสสาวะ Microalbuminuria ้องตรวจพบอ่าง้อย 2 ใน 3 ค้ง - Dipstick พบ proteinuria 2+ ้นไป หือ urine albumin 30–299 mg/day ภายในระยะเวลา 6 เือน - micro-albumin/creatinine ratio >30 mg/g รวม 2 ค้ง Macroalbuminuria urine albumin >300 mg/day กรี้่วยเ่า ้องพบการันึกำิิจัยโรค้ ่วมับระยะเวลา ่เ็นโรค End-stage renal disease กรีับ่ง่อ ้องตรวจัสสาวะให่ พบ proteinuria 1+ ้นไป Diabetes with Renal Failure.…NOT.…Diabetic Nephropathy 11 12 Diabetic Neuropathy Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy • Motor Neuropathy Symmetric/Peripheral polyneuropathy muscle weakness : loss of distal sensation, motor weakness ‘FOOT DROP’ muscle imbalance Autonomic neuropathy ‘DEFORMITIES’ : postural hypotension, gastroparesis, enteropathy [constipation, • Sensory Neuropathy diarrhea] loss of feeling ‘ULCER’ Polyradiculopathy loss of proprioception ‘POOR BALANCE’ : diabetic amyotrophy, diabetic thoracic polyradiculopathy • Autonomic Neuropathy Mononeuropathy loss of sweating : cranial neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy ‘DRY SKIN’ change in blood flow ‘UNHEALED ULCER’ 13 14 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Diabetic Peripheral Angiopathy I79.2* Diabetic polyneuropathy [G63.2*] ีประัิเินแ้วปวด่อง ักและหาย (claudication) ่วมับ ชาปลายือปลายเ้า อาจีปวดแสบปวด้อน ่วมับ ีพจร่ dorsalis pedis หือ posterior tibial เบาหือคำไ่ไ้ Abnormal monofilament หือ ่วมับอาการของ vascular insufficiency Decrease pin-prick sensation หือ หือ Abnormal proprioceptionห ิิจัย้วยการตรวจ doppler ultrasound 15 16 Hyperglycemia / Hypoglcemia Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia >200 mg/dL, Hypoglycemia <70 mg/dL ้่วยเบาหวาน ระห่างนอนโรงพยาบาล เิดภาวะ Hyperglycemia ระับำตาลในเือดำก่า 70 ิลิกัม่อเดิิตร หือ Hypoglycemiaโดยไ่ีการเป่ยนแปลงระับับความ้ึกัว ระุรายละเียด่า Non-coma / Coma Auditor ไ่้องันึกการิิจัย และ Coder ไ่้องใ้รัส ภาวะ hypoglycemia ่เ็นอาการของโรค/ภาวะอ่างัดเจน เ่น Adrenal insufficiency, Severe sepsis, Hepatic failure Auditor ไ่้องันึกการิิจัย และ Coder ไ่้องใ้รัส 17 18 Hypoglycemia Drug-Induced Hypoglycemia Adverse Poisoning effect in Intentional Undetermined therapeutic Chapter XIX Accidental Summary Diagnosis ICD-10 Substance- tricyclic or tetracyclic T43.0 X41.– Self-harmX61.– Y11.–intent Y49.0use Antidiabeticnti-D immunoglobulin NEC (human) T38.3T50.9 X44.– X64.– Y14.– Y42.3Y59.3 Nondiabetic hypoglycemic coma E15 - biguanide T38.3 X44.– X64.– Y14.– Y42.3 Drug-induced hypoglycemic coma E15 + Y - - and sulfonyl combined T38.3 X44.– X64.– Y14.– Y42.3 Hypoglycemic coma E15 - combined T38.3 X44.– X64.– Y14.– Y42.3 - sulfonylureaorganophosphorus T38.3T60.0 X44.–X48.– X64.–X68.– Y14.–Y18.– Y42.3– Drug-induced hypoglycemia E16.0 + Y AInsulinntidiarrheal NEC drug NEC T47.6T38.3 X44.–X44.– X64.–X64.– Y14.–Y14.– Y53.6Y42.3 Hypoglycemia E16.2 - defalan T38.3 X44.– X64.– Y14.– Y42.3 19 20 ้่วยเบาหวานชิด่ 2 ับประทานยาตามปกิ มาตรวจ่ ้่วยไ่ไ้เ็นเบาหวาน ับประทานยา Metformin โดยไ่ คิิกเบาหวาน ตรวจำตาลไ้ 50 mg% ้่วย้ึกัวี ้งใจ มา้วยอาการ hypoglycemia ้่วย้ึกัวี PDx Diabetic mellitus type 2 E11.9 PDx Metformin-induced hypoglycemia [without coma] E16.0 [Adverse effect from hypoglycaemic drug] Y42.3 Accidental metfomin ingestion T38.3 SDx SDx X44.99 ้่วยเบาหวานชิด่ 2 ับประทานยาตามปกิ มาตรวจ่ ้่วยไ่ไ้เ็นเบาหวาน ับประทานยา Metformin ังใจเ่อ คิิกเบาหวาน ตรวจำตาลไ้ 250 mg% ้่วย้ึกัวี ่าัวตาย มา้วยอาการึม ัวเ็น PDx Diabetic mellitus type 2 E11.9 PDx Metformin-induced hypoglycemic coma E15 Suicidal attempt T38.3 SDx SDx X64.99 21 22 Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetic ulcer, Diabetic gangrene, Diabetic foot infection Diabetic ulcer, Diabetic gangrene, Diabetic foot infection Syndrome in which Neuropathy, Angiopathy, and Infection will lead to tissue breakdown resulting in morbidity and possible amputation [poorly healing full-thickness wound below ankle] 3 critical triad that lead to ulcer : Angiopathy : Neuropathy sensory – lack of protective sensation motor – change in anatomy (pressure points) & gait autonomic – lack of sweat (dry, cracked skin) : Foot deformity [Charcot foot] 23 24 Diabetic Foot Ulcer Wagner classification Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetic ulcer, Diabetic gangrene, Diabetic foot infection Grade 1 Superficial ulceration, not infected E11.5 เิดจากภาวะแทรก้อนของเบาหวาน Deep ulceration & Visible tendon or : Diabetic peripheral angiopathy Grade 2 bone in wound E11.5 No abscess or osteomyelitis : Diabetic peripheral neuropathy + Infection Deep ulcer with abscess E11.5 Grade 3 L02.4, L03.1 Osteomyelitis M86.-, M72.6- ้่วยเบาหวานีแผล่เ้า ใ้ตรวจสอบ้อูล : ีการตรวจเ่ยวับหลอดเือด หือเ้นประสาท หือไ่ Grade 4 Localized gangrene of toe/forefoot E11.5 : ระับความุนแรงของแผล (grading) Diabetic Foot…NOT…Diagnosis Grade 5 Gangrene of entire foot or leg E11.5 25 26 Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetic ulcer, Diabetic gangrene, Diabetic foot infection กรีไ่ี้อูลการตรวจหลอดเือด หือเ้นประสาท Summary Diagnosis ICD-10 ันึกรอยโรค เ็นการิิจัยหัก Diabetic foot ulcer E11.5 Diabetic gangrene E11.5 ันึกเบาหวาน เ็นการิิจัย่วม Cellulitis of toe L03.0 กรีี้อูลการตรวจหลอดเือด หือเ้นประสาท ่าิดปกิ Cellulitis of foot L03.1 ันึกเบาหวาน่เ็นเหุของโรคแทรก้อน เ็นการิิจัย Abscess of toe L02.4 หากีภาวะิดเ้อ ใ้ันึกรอยโรคเ็นการิิจัย่วม Abscess of foot L02.4 · autonomic ( G99.0* ) Chronic osteomyelitis M86.67 .5 With peripheral circulatory complications Chronic osteomyelitis with draining sinus M86.47 Diabetic: · gangrene · peripheral angiopathy† ( I79.2* ) · ulcer .6 With other specified complications 27 28 Dehydration เกณ์การิิจัยของ สปสช. 2559 [ครบุก้อ] ีประัิการูญเียหือไ้ับำ้อย ตรวจพบักษณะคิิกของภาวะขาดำ กรีเ็นอาการของ้องเีย ไ่้องันึกเ็นการิิจัย่วม : หากพบอาการของ็อกใ้ิิจัยเ็น hypovolemic shock 29 30 Severity of Dehydration Severity of Dehydration in Children in Children Mild Moderate Severe Mild Moderate Severe Signs & Symptoms Signs & Symptoms (3%-5%) (6%-9%) (>10%) (3%-5%) (6%-9%) (>10%) Behavior Normal Irritable Lethargic Heart rate ! ! ! 0-6 months < 151-169 > Thrist Slight Moderate Intense 6-18 months < 141-159 > 18 months - 3 years < 131-139 > Skin pinch goes back Instant recoil 2 seconds >2 seconds 3-5 years < 121-129 > 5-8 years Anterior fontanelle Normal Sunken Depressed < 111-129 > 8-12 years < 111-129 > Urine flow (mg/kg/hr) <2 <1 <0.5 >12 years < 111-129 > Urine specific gravity 1.020 1.020-1.030 >1.030 Capillary refill <2 seconds 2-3 seconds > 31 32 Volume Overload Volume Overload เกณ์การิิจัยของ สปสช. 2559 กรีเิดจากภาวะไตวาย ีประัิเ่ยง่อการเิดภาวะำเิน ้าีโรคไตวายเ้อัง ใ้ันึกภาวะ้เ็นการิิจัย่วม ตรวจพบำหักเ่ม บวม กด๋ม โดยันึก chronic kidney disease เ็นการิิจัยหัก ังปอดไ้ิน bilateral crepitation
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