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Leonard G. Gomella.Pdf Unknown SECOND EDITION THE 5-MINUTE UROLOGY CONSULT Editor-in-Chief Leonard G. Gomella, MD, FACS The Bernard W. Godwin, Jr. Professor of Prostate Cancer Chairman Department of Urology Jefferson Medical College and Associate Director, Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Associate Editors Gerald L. Andriole, MD, FACS Arthur L. Burnett, MD, FACS Anthony J. Casale, MD, FAAP, FACS Robert C. Flanigan, MD, FACS Thomas E. Keane, MBBCh, FRCSI, FACS Judd W. Moul, MD, FACS Raju Thomas, MD, MHA, FACS Acquisitions Editor: Brian Brown Product Manager: Ryan Shaw/Erika Kors Manufacturing Manager: Benjamin Rivera Marketing Manager: Lisa Lawrence Design Coordinator: Terry Mallon Production Services: Aptara, Inc. 2nd Edition © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business 530 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19106 LWW.com All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be repro- duced in any form or by any means, including photocopying, or utilizing by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The 5-minute urology consult / [edited by] Leonard G. Gomella.—2nd ed. p.; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-58255-722-9 1. Urology—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Urinary organs—Diseases—Handbooks, manu- als, etc. I. Gomella, Leonard G. II. Title: Five minute urology consult. [DNLM: 1. Urologic Diseases—Handbooks. WJ 39 Z999 2009] RC872.9.A14 2009 616.6–dc22 2009033129 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not respons- ible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, complete- ness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a partic- ular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government reg- ulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the re- commended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Ad- ministration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsib- ility of health care providers to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice. The publishers have made every effort to trace copyright holders for borrowed material. If they have inadvertently overlooked any, they will be pleased to make the necessary arrange- ments at the first opportunity. To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) 223- 2300. Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet at LWW.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6 pm, EST. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Tricia, Leonard, Patrick, Andrew, and Michael, for their understanding and encouragement. “En tierra de los ciegos el tuerto es rey.” SPANISH PROVERB PREFACE I am very pleased to present the second edition of The 5-Minute Urology Consult. The first edition was released almost 10 years ago in 2000 and has steadily grown in popularity. The goal of this book is to provide the reader with useful information in a quick reference format to help with the everyday care of patients with urologic problems. Urologic diseases and condi- tions are common problems that are seen by health care providers. Almost one third of all congenital disorders involve the genitourinary system and the urinary tract accounts for al- most 25% of all solid tumors in adults. While this book is written primarily for urologists, any health care practitioner who deals with urologic complaints and conditions should find the book a useful resource. Students of urology and residents and fellows preparing for oral and written in-service and practicing urologists preparing for certification exams will find the book a useful study aid. This second edition has undergone extensive editing and updating to re- flect the most current data possible at the time of publication. So much information is available today on the Internet, many are asking why medical books such as this are even necessary as a reference. While the reality is that virtually any topic can be searched for on the Internet, the ability to sort through the information presented, confirm the validity, and rapidly find the specific information needed is often very time con- suming and can be prone to error. Readers of this book can be assured that the information presented is held to the highest standards possible as it is written, reviewed, and further ed- ited primarily by academic urologists and other academic specialists. It also represents a core of essential “must know” information specifically written for the field of urology. The broad array of topics addressed in this book are based on reviews of published literat- ure, major textbooks, grand rounds case presentations, validated internet resources, and ac- tual patient consultations. Coverage includes adult and pediatric urology, as well as subspe- cialty areas of urology such as urologic oncology, endourology, female urology, neurourology, andrology, infectious diseases, and renal transplantation. While primarily written for practition- ers in the United States, the table of contents has been reviewed by our international editorial board, who represent over two dozen countries, in an attempt to capture as many diseases and conditions as possible for international readers. This book, a member of the popular “5-Minute Consult” series published by Wolters Kluwer Health/LWW, generally follows the organizational formatting of the other books in the series. However, there are notable exceptions as this book is focused on a surgical subspe- cialty. Section I: Urologic Diseases and Conditions provides information on over 270 major topics in the field of urology. The style of this section, while similar to the other books in the series, focuses more attention on the surgical management where appropriate. Further, evid- ence based medicine references, standard fare in the “5-Minute Consult” series, are new to this urology edition. This addition is representative of the popular trend in the field of medicine to assign “levels of evidence” to treatment recommendations (see page ix for a further discus- sion). A challenge with any surgical discipline is that, when reviewing published literature, this type of information cannot be found or is insufficient to perform this level of evidence analysis. The reader will note in this second edition the introduction of evidence-based medicine refer- ences in some of the chapters as appropriate. Many topics are further supported by al- gorithms and an enhanced online image library. Section II: Short Topics: A to Z consists of over 1,200 key concepts, diseases, presenting complaints or conditions in the field that the practitioner must be aware of but may not be worthy of a complete two page chapter. Section III features over 35 visual algorithms to en- hance specific topics in Section I. Section IV is dedicated exclusively to a core discipline in our field, Urine Studies. Section V: Alternative Urologic Therapies (Phytotherapy) is a focused review that is of interest to patients and caregivers alike. Section VII: Urologic Drug Reference is a very unique collection of information on hundreds of drugs used in urologic practice in the United States as well as some traditionally nonurologic medications that are clinically signific- ant to the urologic practitioner. Additional urologic applications not often found on the package insert for “off-label” use in daily care are included for many medications. These “off-label” ap- plications are noted based on published literature with additional input and the personal ob- servations of the authors and editors. Lastly, Section VII: Appendix is a collection of useful reference tables and forms. An online image library, available as a supplement to the text, can be found at www.5minurologyconsult.com. In any project of this magnitude, there are many individuals responsible for its success. I would like to acknowledge the following individuals who provided the initial encouragement and guidance in 1996 to develop the first urology version of the 5-Minute Consult: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins editors Carroll Cann and Craig Percy and Dr. Mark Dambro. Thanks to my former assistant Denise Tropea who provided key administrative support to keep the contrib- utors and this second edition organized. A special thanks to the over 280 authors and editors who took the time to contribute to this edition. Ryan Shaw, Julia Seto, Brian Brown, Jeri Litter- al, Erika Kors and the staff at Lippincott Williams & Wilkins went to extraordinary measures to move the publishing process along to meet certain critical deadlines, and for these efforts, I am very grateful. On a sad note, our good friend Dr. John Stein who was to assume the Chair at the Department of Urology at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, died suddenly at a very young age in 2008. He was serving as a member of our editorial board at the time and will be missed by all of us in the field.
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