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Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the Genesis of the OED
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana English Faculty Publications English 8-1992 "Living Words": Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the Genesis of the OED James C. McKusick University of Montana - Missoula, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/eng_pubs Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation McKusick, James C., ""Living Words": Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the Genesis of the OED" (1992). English Faculty Publications. 6. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/eng_pubs/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the English at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. "Living Words": Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the Genesis of the OED JAMES C. McKUSICK University of Maryland, Baltimore County Today we are at a crucial moment in the evolution of the Oxford En glish Dictionary, as the dog-eared volumes are withdrawn from library shelves and replaced by the sleek second edition of 1989. This new OED bears witness to the continuing relevance and utility of the "New English Dictionary on Historical Principles" for the current generation of literary scholars. The event of its publication provides an opportunity for a fresh historical perspective on the circum stances surrounding the production of the original OED, which was published between 1884 and 1928 in a series of 125 fascicles and bound up into those thick volumes so familiar to students and teachers of English literature. -
Organizing Knowledge: Comparative Structures of Intersubjectivity in Nineteenth-Century Historical Dictionaries
Organizing Knowledge: Comparative Structures of Intersubjectivity in Nineteenth-Century Historical Dictionaries Kelly M. Kistner A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2014 Reading Committee: Gary G. Hamilton, Chair Steven Pfaff Katherine Stovel Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Sociology ©Copyright 2014 Kelly M. Kistner University of Washington Abstract Organizing Knowledge: Comparative Structures of Intersubjectivity in Nineteenth-Century Historical Dictionaries Kelly Kistner Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Gary G. Hamilton Sociology Between 1838 and 1857 language scholars throughout Europe were inspired to create a new kind of dictionary. Deemed historical dictionaries, their projects took an unprecedented leap in style and scale from earlier forms of lexicography. These lexicographers each sought to compile historical inventories of their national languages and were inspired by the new scientific approach of comparative philology. For them, this science promised a means to illuminate general processes of social change and variation, as well as the linguistic foundations for cultural and national unity. This study examines two such projects: The German Dictionary, Deutsches Worterbuch, of the Grimm Brothers, and what became the Oxford English Dictionary. Both works utilized collaborative models of large-scale, long-term production, yet the content of the dictionaries would differ in remarkable ways. The German dictionary would be characterized by its lack of definitions of meaning, its eclectic treatment of entries, rich analytical prose, and self- referential discourse; whereas the English dictionary would feature succinct, standardized, and impersonal entries. Using primary source materials, this research investigates why the dictionaries came to differ. -
The Early Years
HISTORY OF THE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY: THE EARLY YEARS BY FIONA MARSHALL University of Sheffield 1. THE ORIGINAL PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON1 Formed in response to the new comparative philology practised by a handful of scholars on the Continent in the 1820s, the original Philological Society held the first in a series of informal meetings at London University in the early 1830s. Word of the new continental philology, established primarily by Rasmus Kristian Rask (1787- 1832), Franz Bopp (1791-1867), and Jacob (Ludwig Karl) Grimm (1785-1863), filtered through to London principally, though not exclusively, via Friedrich August Rosen (1805-1837), the first and only incumbent of a chair in Oriental Literature at London University (1828-31). Partly due to the heightened interest in comparative philology and partly in pursuit of the 'Philological Illustration of the Classical Writers of Greece and Rome' (PPS V, 1854: 61), Cambridge classicists Thomas Hewitt Key (1799-1875) and George Long (1800-1879), together with German-born Rosen, established the Society for Philological Inquiries (subsequently renamed the Philological Society) in 1830. With the addition of fellow Cambridge scholar Henry Malden (1800-1876) in 1831, the founding principles behind the original and succeeding Philological Society were established. The primary aims of the Society epitomised the growing and groundbreaking desire in early nineteenth-century British scholarship, not customary elsewhere, to combine the old (classical) philology with the new. Since few records remain in the archives, extant details about the original Society are vague. The whereabouts of the Society's manuscript minutes book, laid on the table by Key at a meeting of the present Society in 1851, are unknown (PPS V, 1854: 61). -
ABSTRACT Genius, Heredity, and Family Dynamics. Samuel Taylor Coleridge and His Children: a Literary Biography Yolanda J. Gonz
ABSTRACT Genius, Heredity, and Family Dynamics. Samuel Taylor Coleridge and his Children: A Literary Biography Yolanda J. Gonzalez, Ph.D. Chairperson: Stephen Prickett, Ph.D. The children of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Hartley, Derwent, and Sara, have received limited scholarly attention, though all were important nineteenth century figures. Lack of scholarly attention on them can be blamed on their father, who has so overshadowed his children that their value has been relegated to what they can reveal about him, the literary genius. Scholars who have studied the children for these purposes all assume familial ties justify their basic premise, that Coleridge can be understood by examining the children he raised. But in this case, the assumption is false; Coleridge had little interaction with his children overall, and the task of raising them was left to their mother, Sara, her sister Edith, and Edith’s husband, Robert Southey. While studies of S. T. C.’s children that seek to provide information about him are fruitless, more productive scholarly work can be done examining the lives and contributions of Hartley, Derwent, and Sara to their age. This dissertation is a starting point for reinvestigating Coleridge’s children and analyzes their life and work. Taken out from under the shadow of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, we find that Hartley was not doomed to be a “child of romanticism” as a result of his father’s experimental approach to his education; rather, he chose this persona for himself. Conversely, Derwent is the black sheep of the family and consciously chooses not to undertake the family profession, writing poetry. -
The History and Future of the OED
The History and Future of the OED Thank you very much for the honour you have given me. I am delighted to be here, and hope that I can keep you entertained: there are odd, interesting, and sometimes even amusing people and anecdotes in the long history of the Oxford English Dictionary. As you know, the OED is the largest English dictionary in existence, consisting of 12 volumes and a Supplement in the first edition of 1933, and 20 volumes in the second edition of 1989. There is however often misunderstanding: “the OED”, especially in the media, becomes a generic name given to all Oxford dictionaries. The second edition takes up over a metre of shelf space and weighs 62.6 kilos, and it is therefore very funny to find a statement in a novel that somebody, in a rage, “hurled the OED across the room”!) The Dictionary was called The New English Dictionary (or NED) until 1933, when its name was officially changed to the OED. A dictionary “on historical principles”, it tells the story of each word from its beginnings to the present by using quotations from printed literature, newspapers, and journals—quotations which enable editors to discover the meaning or meanings of a word, to establish the date at which it seems first to have entered the language, and, arranged chronologically, to illustrate its usage through time for the reader. 1. The Context for the OED The earliest English word lists were 16th-century bilingual glossaries of Latin, Italian, or French words. The first true monolingual English dictionary, Robert Cawdrey’s Table Alphabeticall of 1604, had the aim of helping and enlightening what he called “Ladies, Gentlewomen, or any other all unskilfull persons” with the “hard vsuall English wordes”. -
The Place of the Personal Estimate in the Critical Theories of Certain Nineteenth- Century Critics
THE PLACE OF THE PERSONAL ESTIMATE IN THE CRITICAL THEORIES OF CERTAIN NINETEENTH- CENTURY CRITICS by John ?ifinStanley Bilsland A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in th© Department of ENGLISH We accept this thesis as conforming to the standard required from candidates for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS. Members: of the Departmen;t of THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA OCTOBER, 1951 The Place of the Personal Estimate in the Critical Theories of Certain Nineteenth- Century Critics The thesis covers the critical theories of eight English critics of the nineteenth century: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quineey, Arnold, Pater, and Wilde. I have first defined the personal estimate as "that estimate of art in which the nature of the critic as an individual man has influenced his judgment.w I recognize that all criticism mast have something of the personal estimate in it, hut the true critic will, as much as possible, cleanse his criticism of it in order to reveal the nature of the work of art as in itself it really is. I have then analyzed the theories of Wordsworth and Coleridge in order to indicate that the basis on which they established Romantic criticism is one of personal emotion - first in the poet, and then in the reader - and personal pleasure. In the theories of Lamb, Hazlitt, and De Quineey I have traced the development of impres• sionism in Romantic criticism, and the degree to which that impressionism leads these three men to a personal estimate of literature. -
Sara Coleridge: Poems and Their Addressees Peter Swaab 1 ______
From The Coleridge Bulletin The Journal of the Friends of Coleridge New Series 33 (NS) Summer 2009 © 2009 Contributor all rights reserved http://www.friendsofcoleridge.com/Coleridge-Bulletin.htm Sara Coleridge: Poems and Their Addressees 1 Peter Swaab ____________________________________________________________________________________________ I OST OF Sara Coleridge’s poetry remained unpublished in her lifetime, a M situation she shares with many poets in the long Romantic period, from Blake to Emily Bronte. Often her readership extended no further than her immediate family. Her verses would be first read or heard by addressees linked by family ties—her cousin Henry Nelson Coleridge when during their long courtship he opened his fiançée’s letters, her children Herbert and Edith Coleridge when their mother read to them. Later, in her widowhood, her crucial addressee was the young Irish poet Aubrey de Vere, again generally within letters, and she seems to have wistfully entertained the romantic prospect of making him part of the family too. Some poems were hidden from all other eyes, even family ones, in private notebooks perhaps meant to be found after her death. A number of her poems did make it into print, but without a blazon of attribution to Sara Coleridge. Thirty-five were included in the children’s book Phantasmion, but this was an anonymous publication, and the poems were songs of figures in the story. A few appeared in her lifetime in editorial footnotes and addenda, in for instance the 1848 sixth edition of Aids to Reflection (and only there), or the 1849 second edition of Confessions of an Inquiring Spirit,2 only visible as her poetry to readers with the curiosity or stamina to trace them back to her editorial pen. -
Grief and Consolation in Sara Coleridge's Poems
From The Coleridge Bulletin The Journal of the Friends of Coleridge New Series 33 (NS) Summer 2009 © 2009 Contributor all rights reserved http://www.friendsofcoleridge.com/Coleridge-Bulletin.htm Suffering Servant: Grief and Consolation in Sara Coleridge’s Poems Jeffrey W. Barbeau ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ARA COLERIDGE’S poems explore the relationship between earthly S suffering and heavenly, divine comfort. Two years ago at this conference I argued that Sara Coleridge is the consummate theologian of the heart—a thinker devoted to the integral power of the wholly active mind perceiving the relationship between nature and the supernatural.1 I maintained that Sara is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s most intentional disciples, seeking to develop his theology not merely as a defense, but as an extension of a system of thought that she regards as truth. In this paper, I wish to extend my portrait of Sara’s work by turning to the matter of grief and consolation, chiefly through her poetic compositions. Sara knew many of the deepest pains of life, most notably through a series of losses due to untimely deaths, an experience she shared with many Victorians in England. Sara’s pains were legion: the frailties of childhood that led her to study in her Uncle Southey’s library, the distance from her father in youth that seems in some sense to have weighed on her throughout her life, and more seriously the loss of three children in infancy, the early death of her husband Henry Nelson Coleridge, the sudden passing of her mother Sara Fricker Coleridge, as well as her own adult illnesses—including severe depression, opium addiction, and a slow, painful deterioration from breast cancer—that led to her own untimely death at the young age of forty-nine. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses Ars biographica poetica: Coleridgean Imagination and the Practical Value of Contemplation CHEYNE, PETER,ROBERT How to cite: CHEYNE, PETER,ROBERT (2014) Ars biographica poetica: Coleridgean Imagination and the Practical Value of Contemplation, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10754/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Ars biographica poetica: Coleridgean Imagination and the Practical Value of Contemplation Submitted by Peter Robert Cheyne For the degree of Ph.D. in Philosophy, Durham University, 2014 The copyright of this thesis rests with the author, who requests that no quotation from it be published without the author’s prior written or e-mailed consent ([email protected]) and that information derived from it be acknowledged. 1 This work is dedicated with love and prayers for my wife, Sachie Francesca, and our children, Maria Matsumi, Angus Keita, and Martha Taylor. -
Sara Coleridge (1802-1852)
Sara Coleridge (1802-1852) Poet, editor, translator, author of children's literature and fairy tales, Sara Coleridge, born on 22 December 1802 in Keswick, in the Lake District, was the only daughter and youngest child of Sara Fricker and Samuel Taylor Cole ridge. Because her parents were estranged for almost all of her childhood, she never lived with her father for much more than a few weeks at a time, and he sometimes allowed years to elapse between letters. While he lived in London, she lived with her mother in Greta Hall, in Keswick, the home of her uncle, Robert Southey. She would later admit that she had known both William Wordsworth and Southey better than she had known her father. Although her father was hardly an attentive parent, Sara did impress him; after his final visit to Keswick, in February 1812, he wrote of her: "Little Sara [then nine years old] ... reads French tolerably & Italian fluently, and I was astonished at her acquaintance with her native Language. The word 'hostile' occurring in what she read to me, I asked her what 'hostile' meant? And she answered at once-Why! inimical: only that inimical is more often used for things and measures, and not, as hostile is, to persons & nations .... [S]he is such a sweet-tempered, meek, blue-eyed Fairy, & so affectionate, trust worthy, & really serviceable!" 1 Before long, she was also learning Latin and Spanish (she would later learn Greek and German), continuing her voracious reading in the Southeys' extensive library, and becoming a talented musician. John Murray published her first book when she was nineteen, a three-volume translation from the Latin of Martin Dobrizhoffer's An Account of the Abi phones, an Equestrian People of Paraguay. -
Edith Coleridge
Edith Coleridge: An Inventory of Her Collection at the Harry Ransom Center Descriptive Summary Creator: Coleridge, Edith, 1832-1911 Title: Edith Coleridge Collection Dates: 1835-1911, undated Extent: 1 box (.42 linear feet), 1 galley folder (gf), 1 oversize folder (osf) Abstract: Includes letters and manuscripts written by Edith Coleridge, daughter of Sara Coleridge and Henry Nelson Coleridge, and the granddaughter of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Present are memoirs for and recollections of various members of the Coleridge family, as well as a number of family letters. Also present are a few personal items, including a diary of a trip, a passport, and a scrapbook. Call Number: Manuscript Collection MS-0856 Language: English, French Access: Open for research Administrative Information Processed by: Joan Sibley and Jamie Hawkins-Kirkham, 2011 Note: This finding aid replicates and replaces information previously available only in a card catalog. Please see the explanatory note at the end of this finding aid for information regarding the arrangement of the manuscripts as well as the abbreviations commonly used in descriptions. Repository: The University of Texas at Austin, Harry Ransom Center Coleridge, Edith, 1832-1911 Manuscript Collection MS-0856 2 Coleridge, Edith, 1832-1911 Manuscript Collection MS-0856 Works: Diary of a trip to the continent, initialed handwritten manuscript in notebook, 69 Container pages, 2 August 1856. 1.2 Goethe. Aus meinem lebens, dichtungs, und wahrheit, translated by Edith Coleridge, Container handwritten manuscript, 3 pages, undated. 1.1 The Mark and the prize: a Bible-chair lesson, initialed handwritten manuscript, 7 pages, undated. Memoir and letters of Sara Coleridge, galley proofs with handwritten corrections, 2 Container pages, undated. -
Sara Coleridge
Sara Coleridge: An Inventory of Her Collection at the Harry Ransom Center Descriptive Summary Creator: Coleridge, Sara, 1802-1852 Title: Sara Coleridge Collection Dates: 1791-1951, undated Extent: 15 boxes (6.30 linear feet) Abstract: Includes manuscripts and letters written and received by Sara Coleridge, the English translator, editor, and writer who was the daughter of poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the wife of Henry Nelson Coleridge. Also present are a number of her personal papers as well as correspondence from members of the Coleridge, Southey, and Wordsworth families. Call Number: Manuscript Collection MS-0866 Language: English, German, Greek, Latin, Spanish Access: Open for research Administrative Information Processed by: Joan Sibley and Michael Ramsey, 2012 Note: This finding aid replicates and replaces information previously available only in a card catalog. Please see the explanatory note at the end of this finding aid for information regarding the arrangement of the manuscripts as well as the abbreviations commonly used in descriptions. Repository: The University of Texas at Austin, Harry Ransom Center Coleridge, Sara, 1802-1852 Manuscript Collection MS-0866 2 Coleridge, Sara, 1802-1852 Manuscript Collection MS-0866 Works: Container Untitled essay on jealousy, handwritten manuscript, 2 pages, undated. 1.1 Untitled poem, My babe unborn, I dream of thee…, handwritten manuscript/ copy, 4 pages, November 1833; copied by Sara Fricker Coleridge. Untitled poem, The red rose is a beauteous flower…, handwritten manuscript/ copy, 1 page, February 1826. Argument on the meaning of spiritual indwelling, handwritten manuscript, 4 pages, undated; argument with Mr. Abraham. Asceticism, handwritten manuscript with corrections, 12 pages, undated.