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Sports Sciences.Pdf BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION A STUDY TO ESTABLISH FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN NETBALL IN MACHEKE ZONE AFTER COMPLETION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION. BY JOSSAM PULUMUTSA A research project submitted to Bindura University of Science Education in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Bachelor of Science Degree in Sports Administration (HBScSA) FACULTY OF SCIENCES BINDURA, ZIMBABWE i JUNE 2015 DECLARATION I, Pulumutsa Jossam hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis is my own original work and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it at any university for a degree. Signature…………………………………………………… Date: ……………………………. ii BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION RELEASE FORM Name of Author: Pulumutsa Jossam Title of Project: A study to establish factors influencing the participation of women in netball in Macheke zone after completion of secondary school education. Programme: Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Sports Administration Year Granted: 2015 Permission is hereby granted to Bindura University of Science Education Library to produce single copies and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purpose only. The author does not reserve other publication rights and either the project nor may extensive extracts from it be printed or reproduced without the author’s permission. Signed by …………………………………………………………….. Permanent Address: Macheke High School P. O. Box 38 Macheke Date: June 2015 iii BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have read and recommend to the Bindura University of Science Education for acceptance, a project entitled: A study to establish factors influencing the participation of women in netball in Macheke zone after completion of secondary school education. Submitted by Pulumutsa Jossam in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science Honors Degree. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Supervisor(s) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chairperson ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Examiner Date iv DEDICATION This research is dedicated to my late parents, Winnet and James Pulumutsa, who instilled in me the importance of education and hard work. v ABSTRACT The study sought to establish factors influencing the participation of women in netball in Macheke zone after completion of secondary school education. A sample of 50 participants aged between twenty (20) and thirty (30) years comprising 25 women from the ward register were drawn from a pool of two hundred and eighty (280) women using simple random sampling and the remaining twenty-five (25) women were netball players purposively sampled from the two (2) existing local netball clubs in Macheke zone using the lottery method. Purposive sampling was largely used since it focused on the particular characteristics of a population that were of interest which makes it possible to answer research questions. Interviews were also conducted on one local councilor, two (2) club executive members and four (4) village heads. An item by item analysis was done to analyze the data. Data was presented in the form of tables, figures such as bar graphs and pie charts. The study found that the factors that were influencing the participation of women in netball after completion of secondary school education include negative perceptions of the community towards women’s participation in sport, negative attitudes of women after completion of secondary school education, absence of adequate sporting facilities, lack of funding for women’s participation in netball activities and harassment for women participants. Zimbabwe Netball Association (ZINA) must collaborate with the Sport and Recreation Commission of Zimbabwe (SRC) in mobilizing resources to organise community sport awareness campaigns aimed at spreading the game of netball to the public. The study also recommends that the Ministry of Sports, Arts and Culture should enforce a policy on the establishment of Community Sports where girl school leavers and women athletes can be linked. The district should liaise with the Zimbabwe Netball Association (ZINA) to hold coaching clinics for Club executives and their coaches. Local authorities should ensure that adequate facilities are put in place in various communities to maximize women’s participation and these training facilities should be up to standard. The Government must ensure adequate financial and material support for various community clubs and sport programs that are meant to promote participation of women. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS For the success of this research project I extend my utmost appreciation to all those who gave me guidance, assistance and support. In particular, I would like to thank my supervisor Mr Mukanhairi for his constructive criticism that challenged me to aim for excellence. He was dedicated throughout the course of the project. I also thank the two (2) netball clubs in Macheke Zone which collaborated in the collection of data. The local councilor for ward 29 in Macheke zone Mr J. Kamwendo, I greatly thank you for providing me with the necessary information. Lastly I would like to extend my gratitude to my lovely wife Hellen and our two sons, Tinashe and Genius who always inspired me to work hard and never to give up even when the load seems too heavy to carry on with. Without these three people my life would have become meaningless hence my successful completion of the Research project. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ................................................................................................................................. ii RELEASE FORM .............................................................................................................................. iii APPROVAL FORM ........................................................................................................................... iv DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................... 16 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 16 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 16 1.1 Background of the study .............................................................................................................. 16 1.2 Statement of the problem ............................................................................................................. 20 1.3 Research questions ....................................................................................................................... 21 1.4 Purpose of the study ..................................................................................................................... 21 1.5 Significance of the study .............................................................................................................. 21 1.6 Limitations .................................................................................................................................. 22 1.7 Delimitations ............................................................................................................................... 22 1.8 Definition of terms ....................................................................................................................... 22 1.9 Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 23 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................... 24 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .......................................................................................... 24 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 24 2.2 Factors influencing the participation of women and girl school leavers in netball .. Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2.1 The perception of the community towards participation of women in netball. ............................ 24 2.2.2 Women’s role in society ............................................................................................................ 25 2.2.3 Gender and sport ....................................................................................................................... 26 2.3 Attitudes of the society towards participation of women in sport .................................................. 26 2.3.1 Cultural
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