DOCSLIB.ORG

Summary Report of the CEAL Task Force to Review a Possible Change from the Wade-Giles to the Pinyin Romanization System

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Summary Report of the CEAL Task Force to Review a Possible Change from the Wade-Giles to the Pinyin Romanization System Journal of East Asian Libraries Volume 1998 Number 115 Article 13 6-1-1998 Summary Report of the CEAL Task Force to Review a Possible Change from the Wade-Giles to the Pinyin Romanization System Karl Lo Tim Connor John DeFrancis Martin Heijdra Karl Kahler See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jeal BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Lo, Karl; Connor, Tim; DeFrancis, John; Heijdra, Martin; Kahler, Karl; Ma, Tai-loi; Tsiang, Amy; and Zhou, Peter (1998) "Summary Report of the CEAL Task Force to Review a Possible Change from the Wade-Giles to the Pinyin Romanization System," Journal of East Asian Libraries: Vol. 1998 : No. 115 , Article 13. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jeal/vol1998/iss115/13 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of East Asian Libraries by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Summary Report of the CEAL Task Force to Review a Possible Change from the Wade-Giles to the Pinyin Romanization System Authors Karl Lo, Tim Connor, John DeFrancis, Martin Heijdra, Karl Kahler, Tai-loi Ma, Amy Tsiang, and Peter Zhou This report is available in Journal of East Asian Libraries: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jeal/vol1998/iss115/13 SUMMARY REPORT CEAL TASK FORCE REVIEW POSSIBLE CHANGE WADEGHESWADEGILESWADE GHESGILES PINYIN romanization SYSTEM report summary task force discussion papers well task force members reactions papers CEAL task force TF review possible change wade giles WG pincinpinyin PY romanization system bases recommendations upon following parameters TF concerned problems ofawgpyWGPY conversion chinese language bibliographical records major focus describing materials written chinese characters ramifications records written languages mentioned fully discussed report TF bases recommendations upon todays technology well upon information available time writing while aware possible future innovations TF sought unduly influenced anticipated technological developments TF agreed outset users continue need access materials written chinese script means romanization system TF supports library congress LCs plan change PY romanization near future TF emphasizes however change should carried careful look impact change present national local databases future additions information individual library collections user access information technological factors primary goal cataloging chinese faithfully transcribe source user romanization original chinese used american libraries two purposes 1 alphabetize chinese characters filing retrieving 2 represent substitute chinese characters phonetically although romanization should cannot used substitute chinese characters auxiliary tool needed searching retrieval filing guides clarifying pronunciation software developed allows transcription chinese script romanizedromaniwomanizedzed equivalents including both WG PY systems addition software now allows entries input WG scheme changed PY counterpart vice versa example OCLC worldcatWorldCat user input search PY retrieve record PY original record essence whatever format original data chinese script PY WG information changed viewed formats discretion user without altering original data important note chinese computing now affordable smallest laptops mainframes therefore multilingual computing libraries now possible soon 40 become commonly affordable TF members vvaryingaryingarbing opinions degree technology solve problems ofayofpyPY conversion light TFs recognition continuing need romanizedromaniwomanizedzed access chinese materials recognition oflcsoflusLCs plan change PY scheme TF recommends I1 LC follow guidelines PY romanization set forth chinese national commission language model devising PY scheme 2 LC CEAL libraries strive make total retrospective change PY choose follow LCs plan 3 libraries explore new technologies allow multiple inputoutputinput output methods access chinese materials without relying solely scheme unresolved issue libraries suggest adding parallel PY WG access points during transition period until PY changes complete libraries feel too input intensive TF unable make recommendation question technological issue word division word division basically refers way syllables aggregated machine processing three approaches possible I1 word division ignored each syllable treated instead separate entity 2 word division achieved adding aggregator between two syllables eliminating space character between them 3 word division achieved indirect aggregation adjacency searching TF recommends 1 LC ignore word division 2 LC use chinese PY romanization rules model determining word division 3 TF unable recommend either option 2 use aggregator 3 adjacency searching above better solution instead recommends LC cooperation CEAL community explore both possibilities achieving word division before making final decision 41 unresolved issue suggested having parallel aggregated non aggregated fields accommodate different search strategies others seems goal too costly input intensive TF raises issue without making recommendation technological user issue splitspilt files split files already created maintained while card catalogs being converted retrospectively machine readable files ideally change WG PY done day goal becomes impossible then another split file might created until global conversion records WG PY completed TF recommends 1 single libraries maintain split OPAC files instead make records PY accessible before day 2 retrospective conversion catalog cards machine readable form done PY romanization day bibliographic control factor authority files LC need review update authority files affected change PY TF recommends I1 LC explore way globally do WGPY flip both versions already exist authority record 2 LC preserve commonly known form names fit category cataloging factor classification schedules LC call numbers materials written chinese assigned according general classification schedules now these call numbers based upon WG romanization future call numbers based upon PY romanization since almost CEAL libraries follow LCs classification schedules future changes LC policy affect chinese collections north america TF recommends 1 LC give clear guidelines how deal both old call numbers follow WG romanization implementation new call numbers follow PY romanization unresolved issue classification schemes 42 iflcLC continues assign classification numbers reflect WG romanization then these numbers reflect current practice everyone burdened many see references become less less clear future years hand LC adopts new numbers based upon PY romanization then end varying editions literary authors having two classification numbers since massive recataloging remarking currently cataloged materials impossible libraries cataloging factor LC subject headings LCSHLCSK based upon source found already mixture ofwgWG PY common english usage forms TF recommends I1 LC review subject headings resolve WGPY conflicts favoring new PY form 2 LC give clearer guidelines resolving wgpyenglish usage conflicts based upon source found principle user factor bibliographic instruction users already experienced difficulty accessing bibliographic records since younger users unfamiliar WG romanization change PY access should make user searches easier therefore faster TF recommends 1 LC develop onlineline user education materials quickly order keep users informed WGPY changes cost factors cost important consideration especially since millions ofwgWG records online national databases single library OPACs time LC begins switch PY strong possibility two major costs occur cost WGPY switch both national databases local databases well cost maintaining split files issue unresolved time change TF recommends I1 LC CEAL libraries work cooperatively national utilities find way develop cost effective global conversion project 2 LC CEAL libraries strive avoid duplication efforts making change PY 43 3 LC CEAL libraries explore cooperative ways reduce cost loading nationally converted records local databases 4 LC CEAL libraries make special effort estimate cost front end program search both PY WG entries libraries alternative choices cost conversion becomes clear TASK FORCE MEMBERS karl lo10 chair tim connor john defrancis martin heijdra karl kahler tai loi ma amy tsiang peter zhou 44.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Uhm Phd 9506222 R.Pdf
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UM! films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent UJWD the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adverselyaffect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-band comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. U·M·I University Microfilms tnternauonat A Bell & Howell tntorrnatron Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. M148106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800:521·0600 Order Number 9506222 The linguistic and psycholinguistic nature of kanji: Do kanji represent and trigger only meanings? Matsunaga, Sachiko, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1994 Copyright @1994 by Matsunaga, Sachiko.
    [Show full text]
  • Mandarin Chinese: an Annotated Bibliography of Self-Study Materials Duncan E
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Faculty Publications Law School 2007 Mandarin Chinese: An Annotated Bibliography of Self-Study Materials Duncan E. Alford University of South Carolina - Columbia, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/law_facpub Part of the Legal Profession Commons, Legal Writing and Research Commons, and the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Duncan E. Alford, Mandarin Chinese: An Annotated Bibliography of Self-Study Materials, 35 Int'l J. Legal Info. 537 (2007) This Article is brought to you by the Law School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mandarin Chinese: An Annotated Bibliography of Self- Study Materials DUNCAN E. ALFORD The People's Republic of China is currently the seventh largest economy in the world and is projected to be the largest economy by 2050. Commensurate with its growing economic power, the PRC is using its political power more frequently on the world stage. As a result of these changes, interest in China and its legal system is growing among attorneys and academics. International law librarians similarly are seeing more researchers interested in China, its laws and economy. The principal language of China, Mandarin Chinese, is considered a difficult language to learn. The Foreign Service Institute has rated Mandarin as "exceptionally difficult for English speakers to learn." Busy professionals such as law librarians find it very difficult to learn additional languages despite their usefulness in their careers.
    [Show full text]
  • Can a Logographic Script Be Simplified? Lessons from the 20Th Century Chinese Writing Reform Informed by Recent Psycholinguistic Research*
    Can a Logographic Script be Simplified? Lessons from the 20th Century Chinese Writing Reform Informed by Recent Psycholinguistic Research* Zev Handel University of Washington, Seattle In the 1950s and 1960s, the government of the People’s Republic of China undertook, in two stages, a carefully planned “simplification” of the logographic Chinese script. Drawing on a variety of historical precedents, over 2,000 individual graphs were modified in an attempt to make the script easier to learn and use. This was the first significant change in the official form of the Chinese script in nearly two millennia, and resulted in the script variety that is widely used today in mainland China, commonly termed “simplified Chinese characters.” Drawing on recent psycholinguistic experiments that attempt to characterize the cognitive functions involved in Chinese script processing, this study revisits long-standing questions about the efficacy of character simplification and provides some additional theoretical insights into the nature of logographic writing. The central conclusion of this study is that meaningful simplification of a logographic script is possible, but that today’s simplified character script cannot be characterized as an effective reform by any reasonable metric—it is only “simpler” in the crudest of senses. After evaluating the results of recent studies on the cognitive processing of Chinese characters, I introduce the concept of semantic orthographic depth and argue that a true simplification of a logographic script should be based on regularization of semantic and phonetic components, rather than on reduction of the number of graphs or the reduction of the number of strokes per graph.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Is Chinese So Damn Hard?
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 27 August 31, 1991 $35.00 Schriftfestschrift: Essays on Writing and Language in Honor of John DeFrancis on His Eightieth Birthday edited by Victor H. Mair Order from: Department of Oriental Studies University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA Schriftfestschrift: Essays in Honor of John DeFrancis Why Chinese Is So Damn Hard by David Moser Dept. of Asian Languages and Cultures University of Michigan The first question any thoughtful person might ask when reading the title of this essay is, "Hard for whom?" A reasonable question. After all, Chinese people seem to learn it just fine. When little Chinese kids go through the "terrible twos", it's Chinese they use to drive their parents crazy, and in a few years the same kids are actually using those impossibly complicated Chinese characters to scribble love notes and shopping lists. So what do I mean by "hard"? Since I know at the outset that the whole tone of this document is going to involve a lot of whining and complaining, I may as well come right out and say exactly what I mean. I mean hard for me, a native English speaker trying to learn Chinese as an adult, going through the whole process with the textbooks, the tapes, the conversation partners, etc., — the whole torturous rigamarole. I mean hard for me — and, of course, for the many other Westerners who have spent years of their lives bashing their heads against the Great Wall of Chinese. If this were as far as I went, my statement would be a pretty empty one.
    [Show full text]
  • Essays in Honor of John Defrancis on His Eightieth Birthday
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 27 August 3 1, 1991 $35.00 Schriftfestschrift: Essays on Writing and Language in Honor of John DeFrancis on His Eightieth Birthday edited by Victor H. Mair Order froni: Department of Oriental Studies University of Pennsylvania Phdadelphia, PA 19 104-6305 USA SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form.
    [Show full text]
  • Lee, Pickering Chang-Shou Scope of the Third Year Focus on Increasig
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 050 627 FL 002 203 AUTHOR Lee, Pickering Chang-shou TITLE Syllabus for Use in Mandarin Chinese Language III. INSTITUTION Toledo Public Schools, Ohio. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DREW), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 70 NOTE 21p.; Prepared by the Chinese-Russian Study Center EDRS PRICE EDES Price MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS Articulation (Program), Audiolingual Methods, Chinese, Chinese Culture, Cultural Education, *Curriculum Guides, Instructional Materials, *Language Instruction, Language Programs, *Mandarin Chinese, *Modern Languages, Non Western Civilization, Program Development, *Secondary Schools, Sino Tibetan Languages ABSTRACT This syllabus for teachers of the third year of a course in Mandarin Chinese is based on the texts "Beginning Chinese" and "Beginning Chinese Reader" by John DeFrancis. The objectives and scope of the third year focus on increasig listening comprehension, improving conversational ability, composition skills, and extensive character recognition. This course emphasizes reading skill and translation ability while coordinating audiolingual activities with reading development. Seventeen units are outlined with sections on Chinese culture to be coordinated with the basic classroom instruction. For the companion documents see FL 002 202, FL 0G2 204, and FL 002 205. (la) CHINESE-RUSSIAN STUDY CENTER Toledo Public Schools Toledo, Ohio Syllabus for use in Mandarin Chinese Languve III as prepared by PiCkering Chang-shou Lee,1969-1970 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY ASRECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICEOF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. Frank Dick, Superintendent of Schools Norman Klee, Project Director A PAGE ,`PROJECT established under Title III E.
    [Show full text]
  • Remembering John Defrancis David Moser University of Michigan
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln The hinC a Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012 China Beat Archive 1-21-2009 Remembering John DeFrancis David Moser University of Michigan Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/chinabeatarchive Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Chinese Studies Commons, and the International Relations Commons Moser, David, "Remembering John DeFrancis" (2009). The China Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012. 452. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/chinabeatarchive/452 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the China Beat Archive at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in The hinC a Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012 by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Remembering John DeFrancis January 21, 2009 in Uncategorized by The China Beat | No comments When John DeFrancis died, we invited FOB (friend of the blog) David Moser to write this piece, drawing on his background in Chinese studies and comparative linguistics. Moser holds a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan and is Academic Director of the CET Beijing Chinese Studies program. He was a contributor to a compilation dedicated to DeFrancis entitled Schriftfestschrift: Essays in Honor of John DeFrancis on His Eightieth Birthday. By David Moser Legendary sinologist, linguist and educator John DeFrancis passed away on January 2, 2009 at the age of 97. For any student of the Chinese language and writing system working in the latter part of the twentieth century, DeFrancis was simply a titan. Prior to his arrival on the scene, major China scholars researching the Chinese script, such as Bernard Karlgren, Arthur Waley and Herbert Giles, tended to communicate mainly with other experts, while the popular press, under the spell of figures such as Ezra Pound and Ernest Fenollosa, reinforced notions of the Chinese script as exotic, ineffable, mystical or even – pardon the term – inscrutable.
    [Show full text]
  • Incipient Musings on Theory and Formation of Modern Korean Digraphia
    INVESTIGATIONES LINGUISTICAE VOL. XL, 2018 © INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS – ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY AL. NIEPODLEGŁOŚCI 4, 60-874, POZNAŃ – POLAND Incipient Musings on Theory and Formation of Modern Korean Digraphia William Strnad Faculty of Modern Languages and Literatures, Adam Mickiewicz University al. Niepodległości 4, 61-874 Poznań [email protected] Abstract This article explores modern Korean digraphia, its chracteristics, duality and formation. The author posits that the essential axis of argumentation of the Korean digraphic debate related to the applications of Chinese characters and Korean phonetic script was formed by the early part of the twentieth century, and would be recapitulated in the two Koreas against the backdrop of post- colonial metanarration and Cold War politics. The author asserts that the functional and synchronic nature of modern Korean digraphia was formed under the influence of the Lyotardian modernity emancipation and speculative (science) metanarratives, as well as the discourse of modern Korean nationalism, which synchronically formed in the Korean assertion of national identity and idependence, during Koreaʼs struggle against imperialism. 1. Introduction It can be asserted that digraphia in some form existed prior to the invention of the Korean phonetic script in the fifteenth century, given the existence of such script forms as idu, hyangch’al, and kugyŏl, all of which used Chinese characters to replicate spoken Korean (J. W. Kim, 2007). However, specific to the focus of this work and based on scholarship on the parameters of digraphia, with the 1443 invention of hunmin chŏng’ŭm, later to be termed “vulgar script” (ŏnmun), “national script” (kungmun), and finally, han’gŭl or chosŏn’gŭl, there existed a synchronic form of digraphia, or the simultaneous existence of two writing Investigationes Linguisticae, vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Language, Literacy, and Nationalism
    Language, Literacy and Power: A Comparative Study of Taiwan and Vietnam Wi-vun Taiffalo Chiung University of Texas at Arlington Both Vietnam and Taiwan adopted the Han character (Hanji) as the official writing system prior to the twentieth century, and were introduced to the romanized writings by Western missionaries in the seventeenth century. In Vietnam, romanization has finally replaced the Hanji and became Chu Quoc Ngu, the official national orthography in 1945. However, the use of romanization in Taiwan is still limited to church activities. Although many Taiwanese language promoters have attempted to promote romanized writing, Hanji is still the dominant orthography in the contemporary Taiwanese society. This paper examines the developments and influences of romanization in the traditional Hanji dominant Taiwanese and Vietnamese societies. Both internal and external factors have contributed to the different outcomes of romanization in these two countries. Internal factors include the general public’s demands for literacy and anti-feudal hierarchy; external factors include the political relationships between these countries and the origin of Hanji (i.e. China). 1. Introduction Hanji (Han character) cultural areas, including Vietnam, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and China, used Han characters and the classical Han writing1 (wenyan 文言文) before the twentieth century. However, there were great changes before the advent of the twentieth century. In Vietnam, Han characters and its derivative characters, Chu Nom (字字 喃), which had been adopted as writing systems for more than a thousand years in Vietnam, were officially replaced by the romanized Chu Quoc Ngu in 1945, the year of the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Romanization Self-Study Guide PALI LANGUAGE TEXTS: CHINESE
    Chinese Romanization Self-Study Guide PALI LANGUAGE TEXTS: CHINESE Social Sciences and Linguistics Institute University of Hawaii. John DeFrancis Editor Chinese Romanization Self-Study Guide Comparison of Yale and Pinyin Romanizations Comparison of Pinyin and Wade-Giles Romanizations DENNIS K. YEE The University Press of Hawaii Honolulu Open Access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Inter- national (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non-commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the author. The license also permits readers to create and share de- rivatives of the work, so long as such derivatives are shared under the same terms of this license. Commercial uses require permission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/. The Cre- ative Commons license described above does not apply to any material that is separately copyrighted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824881269 (PDF) 9780824881276 (EPUB) This version created: 20 May, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. Copyright ©1975 by The University Press of Hawaii All rights reserved Contents Preface viii Comparison of Yale and Pinyin Romanizations 1 I. Summary of Yale Romanization 1 A. Tones 1 B. Initials 1 C. Finals 2 D. Terminal r-suffix 2 II. Comparison of Yale and Pinyin Romanizations 2 A. Identical Features 2 B.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospects for Chinese Writing Reform
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 171 June, 2006 The Prospects for Chinese Writing Reform by John DeFrancis Order from Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] http://www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered.
    [Show full text]
  • Syllabus for Use in Mandarin Chinese Language I. INSTITUTION Toledo Public Schools, Ohio
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 050 628 FL 002 204 AUTHOR Lee, Pickering Chang-shou TITLE Syllabus for Use in Mandarin Chinese Language I. INSTITUTION Toledo Public Schools, Ohio. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DREW) , Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 70 NOTE 27p.; Prepared by the Chinese-Russian Study Center EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS Articulation (Program), Audiolingual Methods, Chinese, Chinese Culture, Cultural Education, *Curriculum Guides, Instructional Materials, *Language Instruction, Language Programs, *Mandarin Chinese, *Modern Languages, Non Western Civilization, Program Development, *Secondary Schools, Sino Tibetan Languages ABSTRACT This syllabus for teachers of the first year of a course in Mandarin Chinese is based on the texts "Beginning Chinese" and "Beginning Chinese Reader" by John DeFrancis. The objectives and scope of the audiolingual course cover aspects of Chinese phonology, basic sentence patterns, 200 characters, syntax, reading, writing, listening comprehension, and speaking skills. Seventeen units to be covered in the first year are outlined in the syllabus. The study of Chinese culture is to be integrated with the units and cultural materials are provided. For companion documents see FL 002 202, FL 002 203, and FL 002 205. (RL) ChtNESERUSSIAN $TUDZ cmrsz - Toledo Public. Schools Toledo, Ohio- Syllabus;: .r:lise in Mandarin Chinese I e I as idrepared by Piokering Chang7sho4 Zee, 70 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY, iit:endent of -00,tOOle PXOSOCi.:Dired*," PREFACE O A non -Western world has emerged since the end of World War II.
    [Show full text]