Downloaded Typical NBA Front-Office Executive

SEPTOCT 2011, V OLUME 104, NUMB ER 1 AU ST RIA RIA TO P AKI ST AN … AN BOO K CO VERS … L … IGH T … VA … CC IN E E ING … ING TEST BE NJAMIN NJAMIN M AY S JANF E B 2013

JANFEB 2013, V OLUME 105, NUMB ER 3

UCH_JAN–FEB_covers and spine_v6.indd 1 12/20/12 9:48 AM alumniweekend June –June ,

LET KNOWLEDGE GROW FROM MORE TO MORE.

Mark your calendar now for Alumni Weekend 2013.

• CHALLENGE conventional thinking and join scholarly conversations at UnCommon Core sessions. • HONOR outstanding alumni and faculty service to the University and the global community. • STRENGTHEN personal and professional connections across professional schools and divisions. • JOIN the broader University of Chicago alumni community and discover the rich spectrum of experience, achievement, and perspectives.

uestions? Call 800.955.0065, e-mail [email protected], or visit alumniweekend.uchicago.edu.

Alumni Weekend Jan/Feb ad_12.11.indd 1 12/19/12 12:51 PM Features 26 A PASSAGE TO INDIA In 1956, two new PhDs drove a Land Rover from Austria to India to begin the JANFEB 2013 research that would be their life’s work. Notes from their journey. By Lloyd VOLUME 105, NUMBER 3 and Susanne Rudolph

38 UNDER THE COVERS Isaac Tobin’s designs for University of Chicago Press books provoke readers to take a deeper look. By Jason Kelly

46 TWILIGHT ZONE Exploring the attributes of low light, an architect and a physicist try to cultivate a dim awareness. By Lydialyle Gibson

54 NEEDLE AND THREAT The road to safe, reliable bioweapon vaccines for children is fraught with ethical peril. On campus last fall, experts began to plot it out. By Richard Mertens

62 LEGACY Benjamin Elijah Mays, AM’25, PhD’35, was the conscience of the civil rights movement. By Jason Kelly

Departments 3 EDITOR’S NOTES Pathﬁnders: Sometimes it’s as much about the journey as the destination.

4 LETTERS Readers weigh in on religious tolerance, sweatshirts won and lost, executive power, application numbers, the end of Pierce Hall, and more.

11 ON THE AGENDA Chief financial officer Nim Chinniah and chief investment officer Mark A. Schmid on the University’s fiscal strategy during the economic downturn.

13 UCHICAGO JOURNAL The Seminary Co-op changes places, professors cook, the Oriental Institute wraps up its latest dictionary, the University helps Chicago students reach college, an alumna skates like a girl, Argonne gets a new energy center, and the alumni Diversity Leadership Award winner talks Pez.

Testing bioweapon 65 PEER REVIEW vaccines on children What’s in a keyword? Mark Athitakis, AB’95, turns a critical eye on how the presents a classic Library of Congress and the New Yorker classify ﬁction. Plus: Alumni News, bioethics dilemma. Deaths, and Classiﬁeds. See “Needle and Threat,” page 54. Illustration 96 LITE OF THE MIND by Jon Reinfurt. Off-Off Campus puts the poster in preposterous.

See the full print issue of the University of Chicago Magazine, web-exclusive content, and links to our Facebook, Twier, Flickr, SFI-01042 and Tumblr accounts at mag.uchicago.edu.

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 1

UCH_Contents_v5.indd 1 12/19/12 9:25 AM In December, the College Admissions Office received a mysterious package addressed to Henry Walton Jones Jr.—aka Indiana Jones. Find out the rest of the story at mag.uchicago.edu/indy. Photography by Robert Kozloff. EDITORˆS NOTES

Volume 105, Number 3, Jan–Feb 2013

executive editor Mary Ruth Yoe editor Laura Demanski, AM’94 associate editors Lydialyle Gibson, Pathfinders Jason Kelly art director Guido Mendez BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94 alumni news editor Katherine Muhlenkamp proofreader Rhonda L. Smith student interns Colin Bradley, ’14; t was a journey few would—or in 1964, the Rudolphs found a better in- Emily Wang, ’14 could—attempt today. In 1956, stitutional fit. “Chicago already ... had graphic designers Nicole Jo Melton, new Harvard PhDs Susanne and started non-Western civilization stud- Aaron Opie lite of the mind & interactive Lloyd Rudolph, 26 and 28 years ies with Milton Singer [PhD’40] and content editor Joy Olivia Miller old, now UChicago emeritus pro- Robert Redfield [U-High’15, PhB’20, web developer Chris Wilczak fessors of political science, set out JD’21, PhD’28],” Lloyd says. “Chicago contributing editors John Easton, for India. Both had studied politi- was a perfect place for India studies to AM’77; Carrie Golus, AB’91, AM’93; Brooke E. O’Neill, AM’04; Amy Braverman cal life in the new democracy in land because India studies was strongly Puma; Elizabeth Station graduate school. From England, interdisciplinary,” Sue adds. “Chicago their first stop that summer, the was that to begin with.” Editorial Oce The University of Chicago standard way of getting to India Three years later, their first book Magazine, 401 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611. telephone was by Peninsular and Oriental steamer was published by the University of 773.702.2163; fax 773.702.8836; from London to Bombay. Chicago Press. Still in print, The Mo- e-mail [email protected]. I But on shipboard, Lloyd says, dernity of Tradition: Political Develop- The Magazine is sent to all University of showed how Indians Chicago alumni. The University of Chicago “there’s nothing much different [from ment in India Alumni Association has its offices at the West]. Then you get out into the were adapting the country’s traditions 5555 South Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, world of colonial society.” Wanting to for the purposes of democracy—for IL 60637. telephone 773.702.2150; immerse themselves in the India of In- instance, the ancient caste system as a fax 773.702.2166. address changes 800.955.0065 or [email protected]. dians, the couple elected a wholly dif- means of political organization on the ferent approach: they drove overland ground. Seven more books, all cowrit- web mag.uchicago.edu through Europe and the Middle East to ten, followed. the “old princely capital” of Jaipur and The Rudolphs retired in 2002 but The University Of Chicago Magazine (ISSN-0041-9508) is published bimonthly other Indian cities with little European continue to write and to spend time (Sept–Oct, Nov–Dec, Jan–Feb, Mar–Apr, presence. The journal they kept from each year in Jaipur. “We know the chil- May–June, and July–Aug) by the University Salzburg to Peshawar, excerpted in “A dren of the people we knew as adults of Chicago in cooperation with the Alumni Passage to India” (page 26), captures in the 1960s and try to stay abreast of Association, 5555 South Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. Published continuously their experience of a geopolitical land- the generational way of thinking,” since 1907. Periodicals postage paid at scape in rapid transition. Sue says. In 2011 the newspaper India Chicago and additional mailing offices. A transition in US higher education Abroad awarded them its Friend of In- postmaster Send address changes to The was brewing too. “All of a sudden,” dia Award, recognizing their work to University of Chicago Magazine, Alumni Records, 1427 East 60th Street, Suite 120, says Lloyd, “all of these countries be - make the country better understood Chicago, IL 60637. gan to seek and get their independence, outside its borders. In “A Passage to and India … made the biggest splash. India,” we get to glimpse them at the © 2013 University of Chicago. This had no representation in intellec- beginning of their journey. ◆ Ivy League Magazine Network tual academic life.” In 1957, when they advertising and production office returned to Harvard as instructors, 7 Ware Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, Sue cotaught the school’s first courses 617.496.7207. director of sales development on modern Indian history and on In- Lawrence Brittan, 631.754.4264. dian politics. Lloyd secured a commit- chicago Karen Walker, 262.664.3209. ment from the Rockefeller Foundation detroit Linda Donaldson, 248.933.3376. to introduce Tamil, Bengali, and Hindi new england & mid-atlantic Robert Fitta, 617.496.6631. into the curriculum, but Harvard pres- new york Beth Bernstein, 908.654.5050; ident Nathan Pusey turned it down. Mary Anne MacLean, 631.367.1988. “This was all new stuff,” Lloyd says. southwest Dan Kellner, 972.529.9687. In a few years, the National Defense travel Northeast Media Inc, 203.255.8800. Education Act would pour resources west coast John Buckingham, 310.478.3833. into math and science education, most The Rudolphs in 1971 with Mohan famously, but also into foreign languag- Singh Kanota (center), who worked

photograph courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph es and area studies. Arriving at Chicago with them on Reversing the Gaze.

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 3

Ed Notes jan-feb v8.indd 1 12/19/12 11:42 AM I neglected to learn as much as I could about the spinor connection, a basic LETTERS concept in theoretical physics. When I finally got around to correcting that deficiency, I realized that something was wrong. The spinor connection, I saw that my great, great squirrel/gargoyle joke did not win me a sweatshirt (“A long thought to be an essential part of squirrel and a gargoyle walk into Jimmy’s …,” Lite of the Mind, Sept–Oct/12). physics theory, is optional. It can be I cannot handle that rejection; it set my psychotherapy back six months. Also, eliminated from the theory. last night, whilst walking my dog, I sure could have used a sweatshirt. Here in I verified this by publishing articles San Diego the temperature was 65 degrees, and the wind-chill factor took it all in the Journal of General Relativity the way down to 64. and Gravitation. In doing this, I got But seriously, folks: it was good to read the rebuttal from Helen E. Hughes, an opportunity to refer to articles by PhD’70, regarding Professor Ward Campbell Halstead (Letters, Sept–Oct/12). Michael Turner and Adam Riess on I, too, was a student of his, first tak- dark energy and particle astrophysics ing his course Higher Brain Functions in the expanding universe, where ev- I sure could have used a as an undergraduate, and that course, erything is connected. sweatshirt. Here in San and his approach, spurred my interest Eliminating the spinor connection to pursue psychology as a career. It was might seem more destructive than cre- Diego the temperature Halstead who encouraged me when ative, but the procedure is reversible. was 65 degrees. other professors said things like “you Anyone who has use for this math- don’t need a PhD—you can get a job at ematical artifact can reintroduce it at the YMCA right now” and “why are will and use it in the usual way. It just you wasting your time auditing courses in Baroque and Renaissance art?”—the is not the essential entity that it was latter squelched when I pointed out that I received an A in the professor’s course, once thought to be. and was both his research and teaching assistant. When Einstein eliminated the lumi- Halstead must have subscribed to the writings of the anonymous author of niferous aether from physics theory, ancient India who wrote in the Panchatantra about 2,000 years ago of pupils he replaced it with his far more cre- admiring their teacher “whose wisdom had been so clearly marked by his dexter- ative theory of relativity but got the ous mingling of amusement with instruction.” Nobel Prize for his contribution to A. M. Charlens, SB’58, PhD’63 quantum mechanics, an equally cre- San Diego ative but more down-to-earth theory whose predictions are easier to verify than the cosmic conclusions of general relativity. All this occurred in the 20th Jimmy’s to Jalisco July–Aug/12). And then there was the century, so when Time magazine chose Greetings from south of the border. touching tribute to Bert Cohler (Let- Einstein as Man of the Century, they Just want to let you know how much ters, July–Aug/12), whom I deeply conferred a monumental title upon him. we appreciate receiving the University admired and whose classes I valued If Einstein slowed down later on, of Chicago Magazine here in Guadala- so highly. Also, I should mention the it was because the rate at which he jara. It keeps us up to date on issues photograph of Jimmy’s (Peer Review, learned new things slowed down, due and events and always brings back May–June/12), reminding me of my to his preoccupation with a unified pleasant memories of our time on cam- many visits to the Woodlawn Tap. We field theory that still has scientists pus. The July–August issue reminded look forward to each new issue. stymied. Yet, just as Sigmund Freud me of the Co-op and searching out the Albert L. Furbay, MLA’06 said that dreams are the royal road to many books I had to read (“Shelf Life,” Maria A. Tasson, MLA’10 the unconscious, it is generally agreed Guadalajara, Mexico that Einstein’s dream of a unified field theory is the royal road to quantum Learning curve gravity and a theory of everything In “Creative Energy” (UChicago Jour- (the El Dorado of modern science). nal, Nov–Dec/12), Michael Turner Kenneth J. Epstein, SM’52

and Philip Glass, AB’56, emphasize Chicago wadman bill by photography that how much or how little you know is a critical factor in how well you can do Tell me, O Muse at something. However, knowledge or On Mark Eleveld (MLA’10) and Ron lack of it is not really the critical factor. Maruszak’s (MLA’10) researches The critical factor is how fast you keep on Homer (“Iliad Out Loud,” UChi - learning new things. If you keep on cago Journal, Sept–Oct/12), if they learning, you’re bound to get new ideas haven’t, they should be sure to read and ﬁnd fault with old ideas. up on Milman Parry’s study of the As an example of this, for a long time illiterate troubadours of Yugoslavia

4 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

letters_v8.indd 4 12/19/12 5:34 PM who sang Homer’s two great sagas and how they did it, memorizing not the whole work, or verbatim, but only the oft-repeated catchphrases, like “the wine dark sea,” etc., that make up a full third of the Odyssey text, and weaving their own versions of the stories around these key phrases, in their own words. Andrew Tempelman, AM’66, PhD’72 Nashua, New Hampshire

Threatened veils While I agree with and support Mar- tha Nussbaum’s advocacy of religious tolerance and diversity (“Faith Heal- er,” UChicago Journal, Nov–Dec/12), I have problems with her argument regarding the veiling of women and the introduction of Sharia law in the United States. The United States is based on laws that are applicable to all and, therefore, there is very good reason to ban Sharia law being introduced to only certain segments of the popula- tion. In addition, some of the laws dis- advantage women. Nussbaum claims that banning burkas is a “denial of Mus- ADMISSION IS ALWAYS FREE lims’ fundamental human dignity.” I smartmuseum.uchicago.edu think she needs to investigate more deeply the reasons behind the veiling of women. My reading of the Quran, some Hadith, and research among Turkish Muslims in Turkey and else- E M of where has revealed that the practice covers over outmoded notions of female sexuality based on an outdated Healthcare and erroneous theory of procreation. Education, rather than supporting received ideas and practices, is needed. Leadership Carol Delaney, AM’78, PhD’84 Providence, Rhode Island A program of intense study focused on leading transformation in American healthcare. Squirrels and sweatshirts The University of Chicago sweatshirt arrived, very well packed and in “mint H A is undergoing rapid, condition.” Thank you very much. The disruptive, and persistent change. It will take contest was fun (“A squirrel and a gar- visionary leaders to transform our healthcare goyle walk into Jimmy’s …,” Lite of the Mind, Sept–Oct/12); the winner was organizations in this dynamic environment. very creative and clever. Both the win- photography by bill wadman bill by photography ner and the other runner-up were very 16-Month Intensive Blended Program U of C—intellectually challenging. Online and On-Campus May I make one small suggestion? I would like to see with each major article a small photo of the writer and perhaps a Transforming Leaders. bit of information about these authors— nothing personal—perhaps where they Transforming Healthcare. went to college, their major, maybe their home state, and what interests www.brown.edu/exec them most (music, art, history, politics,

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 5

letters_v7.indd 5 12/19/12 1:59 PM The goonish behavior of police on plus a memorable suite of photographs LETTERS some campuses against Occupy events by Travis produced in softcover, a last year prompted positive memories of Hyde Park game, and President Ed- the close relationship of U of C students ward Levi’s (U-High’28, PhB’32, to the campus police of our era, whose JD’35) mug on a balloon. This was in purpose was to protect us as well as the the spirit of the times, and we had a etc.). In this age of electronic gadgetry University in a much less corporatist souvenir far more memorable than the and “robo phone voices” when informa- time. Indeed, one friend being busted usual yearbook, thanks to the Maroon. tion comes with no intellectual umbili- managed to call the campus cops, one of Jeff Spurr, AB’71 cal cord, I, for one, would like to know whom showed up at his request to make Cambridge, Massachusetts that a real human being is giving me the sure that nothing was planted on him. information, skillfully written, in the Speaking of illegal acts against Uni- Early and o en Seeking 31 great leaders... article. Maybe this is just a quirk of an versity of Chicago students, that same The news that the College received a old English teacher who knew her stu- apartment was subjected to a warrant- record number of early action applica- Seeking 31 great leaders… dents. And maybe not. less entry and interrogation of one tions does not make me happy (“Early Judy Culley Rehnquist, AB’54 roommate at home by FBI and Chicago Rise,” UChicago News for Alumni and Downers Grove, Illinois Red Squad agents participating in what Friends, November 20, 2012). It sug- motivated to tackle big challenges facing must have been a huge, nationwide gests to me that UChicago is caught up motivated to tackle big challenges facing communities Short biographies of the staff are avail- dragnet in search of Kathy Boudin in the rankings frenzy and trolls for ap- communities around the world able online at http://mag.uchicago.edu and Kathy Wilkerson, survivors of plicants to reject in order to artificially around the world /masthead.—Ed. the explosion at a Weatherman bomb inflate its status. It also tells me that factory that demolished Boudin’s par- the pressure on high school students is with a successful track record of 20-25 years The plot thickens ents’ New York townhouse on March increasing, even beyond the dreadful with a successful track record of 20-25 years of “Paper Trail” in the Core ( July–Aug/12) 6, 1970. Nary a soul in that apartment level of three years ago when my daugh- of accomplishments in their primary career brought back numerous memories, in- was involved in organized activities of ter applied. Nothing about this statistic accomplishments in their primary career cluding of the sometimes hilarious “per- the student left, so that net must have bodes well for education in general, the sonals” in the Maroon of my time at the been cast very broadly indeed. Many of University, or its students. University of Chicago. Two memories the rich and sometimes strange aspects K. A. Pool (parent) recognizingrecognizing the the value value of ofengaging engaging with with Harvard Harvard are of particular note, one motivated by of student life of the period are unlikely Portland, Oregon your last story, which fails to provide to feature in any University chronicle. toto prepare prepare for for their their next next phase phase of life’s of life’s work work some necessary context. In the wake of the 1969 sit-in, shat- Booth vs. Booth The drug bust described was no one- tering to everyone in the University The subject line of your e-mail, “Gift off; far from it. At the end of the 1960s community irrespective of their views lifts Chicago Booth’s entrepreneurial and beginning of the 1970s, the narcot- of those events, conventional school spirits” (“Venture Capital,” UChi- ics squad of the Chicago police made a spirit (always in short supply in the cago News for Alumni and Friends, habit of targeting U of C students liv- College of those days) was at a low ebb. December 5, 2012) intrigued me. But ing in apartments (80 percent of upper- Thus the question arose whether a year- then disheartened me. More emphasis The Advanced Leadership Initiative is a year of education, reflection, and student classmen at the time), several friends of book for 1970 was a viable proposition. on money, not learning. The Advanced Leadership Initiative is a year of education, reflection, mine among them. Memorably, one of The graduating class was polled, and I was intrigued because I thought mentoring led by a unique collaboration of award-winning Harvard faculty from and student mentoring led by a unique collaboration of award-winning Harvard my roommates at 5412 Ingleside and only 36 students could be found will- you had in mind Wayne Booth (AM’47, across professional schools. The program is dedicated to educating and deploying a I were carted off after such an illegal ing to commit to buy it, so none was PhD’50)—distinguished Chicago facultynew force from of across experienced, professional innovative schools. leaders The who program want to addressis dedicated challenging to educating global bust in June 1970 for a rather longer ad- published. As I recollect, Roger Black, scholar and former dean of the College and deploying a andnew national force of problems. experienced, Inquire innovative now for 2013. leaders who want to venture than that described. The rank X’70, and David Travis, AB’71, of the when I was there. address challenging global and national problems. Inquire now for 2014. incompetence of the officers making Maroon stepped into the breach, pro - Please watch your language. Visit the website to be inspired by the possibilities: advancedleadership.harvard.edu those busts, the bogus character of the ducing the “Yearbox” instead. Images A. B. Paulson, AB’66, AM’67 Visit the websiteor to email be inspired the program by the manager: possibilities: [email protected] advancedleadership.harvard.edu warrants, and the flimsiness of the “ev- of graduating students were represent- Portland, Oregon idence” procured resulted in no convic- ed as perforated sheets of stamps (one or email the fellowship director: [email protected] illustration by dan strange, cc by-nc-nd 2.0 by-nc-nd cc strange, dan by illustration tions that I am aware of. group shot encompassing nine stamps), Pierce unlamented As a one-time inmate of Pierce Tower, I applaud the decision to tear down this BLAST FROM THE PAST ill-conceived structure and replace In “Milton Regained,” Professor Janel Mueller it with something—anything—else calls Milton “the author of some of the best (“Pierce’s Replacement,” UChicago writing ever done in English.” Mathematically News for Alumni and Friends, No- harvard university this is true—and remains true if the word worst vember 27, 2012). May I suggest that if advanced leadership initiative is substituted for best. Milton has probably the University decides to demolish it poisoned more students against poetry than by explosive implosion, it might earn even Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient millions for its endowment by selling Mariner.” Comparing Milton to Shakespeare is on grandstand tickets to former occu- a par with comparing rap “music” to J. S. Bach. pants? Perhaps you might make it a fea- —John T. Dwyer, PhB’48, August 1994 tured event of a future college reunion.

6 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

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130117_AdvancedLeadership_Chicago.indd 1 11/20/12 12:46 PM Seeking 31 great leaders... Seeking 31 great leaders… motivated to tackle big challenges facing motivatedcommunities to tackle big challengesaround the facing world communities around the world withwith a successful a successful track track record record of 20-25 of 20-25 years yearsof accomplishmentsof accomplishments in their in primary their primary career career recognizingrecognizing the the value value of ofengaging engaging with with Harvard Harvard toto prepare prepare for for their their next next phase phase of life’s of life’s work work

The Advanced Leadership Initiative is a year of education, reﬂection, and student The Advanced Leadership Initiative is a year of education, reﬂection, mentoring led by a unique collaboration of award-winning Harvard faculty from and student mentoring led by a unique collaboration of award-winning Harvard across professional schools. The program is dedicated to educating and deploying a facultynew force from of across experienced, professional innovative schools. leaders The who program want to addressis dedicated challenging to educating global and deploying a andnew national force of problems. experienced, Inquire innovative now for 2013. leaders who want to address challenging global and national problems. Inquire now for 2014. Visit the website to be inspired by the possibilities: advancedleadership.harvard.edu Visit the websiteor to email be inspired the program by the manager: possibilities: [email protected] advancedleadership.harvard.edu or email the fellowship director: [email protected]

harvard university advanced leadership initiative

007_Harvard-Advanced-Leadership_4c.indd 55 12/19/12 1:12 PM 130117_AdvancedLeadership_Chicago.indd 1 11/20/12 12:46 PM less of whether such actions violate she is mistaken. Top-notch under- LETTERS individual constitutional rights. In Pos- graduate education was available for ner’s world, all that matters is whether the enterprising woman well before presidential actions are “popular.” Title IX. She says that Harvard didn’t But slavery and segregation were admit undergraduate women in the once popular. And torturing terror - ’50s. Funny, that’s where I received “Ridiculously reliable Shorey House, comprising the top ists to find ticking bombs is popular. my AB in 1956 and my mother before two floors of Pierce, was, in my time And censoring offensive speech is me received hers in the 1920s. reviews on plumbers, roofers, handymen, contractors, in the College, notorious as the cra- popular. But just because a majority of My diploma is signed by Nathan zy, anarchic house where we under- people approve of something does not Marsh Pusey, president of Harvard graduates dropped hundred-pound, make it legal or constitutional. That’s University. Harvard began to instruct painters, electricians and more. Written by homeowners sand-filled concrete ash stands from why we have a Bill of Rights. women in the 19th century, calling three feet off the floor at two in the Posner would do well to heed the the women students Radcliffe Col- morning and sat in on the 50-yard line Supreme Court’s wise holding that lege of Harvard University. Women just like you.” to prevent the University’s return to “The very purpose of a Bill of Rights were always taught by the same fac - varsity football and blared Wagner’s was to withdraw certain subjects from ulty as the men at Harvard College of Angie Hicks, Founder Götterdämmerung at 100-decibel vol- the vicissitudes of political contro- Harvard University, and by the 1940s ume out the dorm windows for the versy, to place them beyond the reach everything was integrated except the pleasure and aesthetic elevation of our of majorities and officials and to estab- dorms. Famous 19th-century Rad- Hyde Park neighbors. Some practiced lish them as legal principles to be ap- cliffe/Harvard grads include Helen prairie mountaineering on the roofs plied by the courts. One’s right to life, Keller, Gertrude Stein, and Josephine of the twin elevator cabs or climbing liberty, and property, to free speech, a Hull of Arsenic and Old Lace. I believe around the outside of the ninth-floor free press, freedom of worship and as- that Columbia had the same setup with bay windows without rope or harness. sembly, and other fundamental rights Barnard, and Brown with Pembroke, We had our rat-warren Pierce Tower may not be submitted to vote; they de- and as for Yale, Williams, etc., sure, accommodations to thank for at least pend on the outcome of no elections.” they were still all male, but why not some of the manic energy that led us Stephen Rohde consider Vassar, Bryn Mawr, Smith, At Angie’s List, you’ll find in-depth, to such ecstatic celebration of the life Chair, ACLU Foundation Wellesley, Mt. Holyoke? of the mind. of Southern California I loved my undergraduate years at detailed reviews, including pricing and I would be churlish not to mention Los Angeles Harvard, and my graduate years at the Friday afternoon Shorey Sherry UChicago. project timelines. Companies can’t pay to hours and the Coffee Plus evenings, According to Jason Kelly’s story, law Joan Mickelson Lukach, AM’66 when we managed to persuade the professor Eric Posner claims in The Ex- Plantation, Florida be on Angie’s List, so you know you can likes of Saul Bellow (X’39) and Bru- ecutive Unbound that there are “demo- no Bettelheim and Norman Maclean cratic forces constraining the president Department of Corrections (PhD’40) to submit themselves to the as much, if not more, than the constitu- Milton Friedman’s lecture “Capitalism trust what you’re reading. You’ll also find attention of half-soused male under- tional framework.” and the Jews” was given in 1976, not graduates, which some did more grace- Are we therefore to conclude that 1978 (Perspective, UChicago News great deals, insightful articles, helpful fully than others. Shorey was a state of “torture, indefinite detention, war- for Alumni and Friends, November 6, mind more than a physical dwelling— rantless surveillance, targeted kill - 2012). It was moved to the Law School videos and photos, useful tips and but Pierce still sucked. ings” are acceptable because they enjoy because he had just won the Nobel Prize Martin Lubin, AB’68 popular support? in Economics, which greatly increased Jackson Heights, New York Before we reject the restraints on the number of people who wanted to more. Visit AngiesList.com today and executive power in the Constitution hear his address. In another address- Presidential powers we ought to consider what Elbridge related correction, Jean O’Leary find out why over one million members It is nothing short of a dangerous threat Gerry of Massachusetts said during Brown (Letters, Nov–Dec/12) lives in to our constitutional democracy that the Constitutional Convention in Oakland, California, not Frankfort, Il- make their most important decisions— Eric Posner would cast aside the sepa- 1787 about unbridled popular will: linois. We regret the errors. ration of powers as a “historical relic,” “The evils we experience flow from from home repair to health care—here. that he believes that the “erosion of the excess of democracy. The people The University of Chicago Magazine checks and balances has promoted na- do not want virtue, but are the dupes welcomes letters about its contents or about tional welfare,” and that existing law of pretended patriots.” the life of the University. Letters for pub- is “neither here nor there” (“OctoPO- John K. Taylor, AB’68 lication must be signed and may be edited TUS?,” Sept–Oct/12). New York for space, clarity, and civility. To provide Posner is all too willing to replace a range of views and voices, we encour- fundamental judicial and legislative Equal opportunities age letter writers to limit themselves to restraints on unbounded presidential In “Women’s Work” (Nov–Dec/12), 300 words or fewer. Write: Editor, The power with the influence of public Lydialyle Gibson lists various areas University of Chicago Magazine, opinion. If “the public generally ap- that restricted women in the ’50s and 401 North Michigan Avenue, Suite proves unilateral executive action,” ’60s. Sports were certainly restric- 1000, Chicago, IL 60611. Or e-mail: that’s good enough for Posner, regard- tive, but when it came to education, [email protected]. Visit AngiesList.com or call 1.800.825.1875 today.

8 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

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009_Angies-List_4c.indd 55 12/19/12 1:09 PM

130112_AngiesList_Chicago.indd 1 11/19/12 1:25 PM Poetry, History, Architecture The Chicago You Know and Love

The Open Door Rising Up from You Were Never A New Edition One Hundred Poems, Indian Country in Chicago Mies van der Rohe One Hundred Years of e Battle of Fort Dearborn Neil Steinberg A Critical Biography Poetry Magazine and the Birth of Chicago “A rollicking newspaperman’s New and Revised Edition Edited by Don Share and Ann Durkin Keating memoir . . . and a strong case Franz Schulze and Christian Wiman “Opens up a fascinating vista for Second City exceptional- Edward Windhorst “A high-wire anthology of of lost American history. ism.”—New York Times “ is excellent revised edition electric resonance.” . . . It’s a great story, and Ms. “Steinberg weaves a poetic of a work originally published —Booklist Keating’s neutral, unemphatic mosaic of his life and the in 1985 has 138 illustrations, “A wonderful anthology. . . . prose makes it register all the life of Chicago—past, incisive descriptions of Mies’ In many ways this is a wonder- more clearly.”—Lee Sandlin, present, real, imagined.” innovative creations and a fully democratic anthology— Wall Street Journal —Roger Ebert fascinating account of his to get in, you don’t have to be Cloth $30.00 Cloth $25.00 Pyrrhic victory in a lawsuit famous, you just need to be against his disa ected client good.”—National Post Edith Farnsworth.”—Booklist Cloth $20.00 Cloth $45.00

The University of Chicago Press www.press.uchicago.edu

010_Press_4c.indd 55 12/19/12 12:40 PM ON THE AGENDA are typically treated as independent endeavors. But during this period, the University of Chicago created a Financial Strategy Group that brings together on a biweekly basis the Boldly forward president, provost, executive vice BY NIM CHINNIAH, VICE PRESIDENT FOR president, vice president for adminis- ADMINISTRATION AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, tration and chief financial officer, vice AND MARK A. SCHMID, VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF president and chief investment officer, INVESTMENT OFFICER vice president and chief financial officer of UChicago Medicine, associate vice president for finance, associate provost and University budget direc- t’s been more than four years tor, and director of financial strategy. since the nation encountered one A key piece of that partnership is of the most extraordinary eco- the coordination among University nomic downturns in its history. financial managers and their coun- At universities and colleges, terparts at UChicago Medicine. Not those years marked significant only has that allowed more coherent losses in endowment value, fol- planning across the institution, but lowed by a prolonged slump in it has also allowed the University to philanthropic giving, increased coordinate operations in areas such as need for financial aid, and unre- human resources, finance, facilities, lenting pressure to limit costs. risk management, information tech- Not surprisingly, many institutions re- nology, and legal counsel. Chinniah (le) joined the University sponded with drastic measures: major The Investment Office has adopted I in 2007 from Vanderbilt University. capital projects abandoned, hiring fro- an approach it calls Total Enterprise Schmid arrived in 2009 from Boeing. zen, financial aid policies weakened. Asset Management. While the analy- At the University of Chicago, the ses involved can be complex, the un- past four years will be remembered, derlying goal is straightforward: to instead, for milestones like these: a ments. And that strategic approach make sure that the University’s en- historic expansion of the faculty that was showing demonstrable results. dowment is invested in the way that has attracted outstanding scholars Supporting it all was an unusual best supports the University’s strate- from across the nation, and across integration of financial management gic needs, in the short and long term. disciplines; the opening of the Joe and across the entire institution, at many Rather than aiming at an abstract goal Rika Mansueto Library, the Center levels. This integration has allowed for its own sake, we work to make sure in Beijing, the Reva and David Logan the University to be nimble and re- our investments have the flexibility Center for the Arts, and, in Decem- sponsive, mitigating risk even as it and security to provide funds when ber, the University’s largest capital pushed aggressively toward its goals. they are needed by the University. project yet, UChicago Medicine’s Our investment strategy, debt strat- Similarly, the forecasting done by the Center for Care and Discovery; the egy, and liquidity strategy are closely Investment Office helps inform bud- creation of a whole new field of study, aligned and integrated for the enter- getary planning so that opportunities in the Institute for Molecular Engi- prise and not just for each unit. are maximized and disruptions are neering, and a new approach to tradi- As the financial crisis of 2008 un- minimized. Even as we have refo - tional fields, in the Neubauer Family folded, weekly calls were instituted cused our approach, our investment Collegium for Culture and Society; among a working group of trustees team outperformed our benchmarks. and substantial increases in financial and University officers. That close Given continuing uncertainty in aid for undergraduates and financial communication allowed the officers to the nation’s and world’s economies, support for graduate students. tap more fully the financial expertise the University needs to continue to Why were University trustees will- on the board, gave the board a clearer manage its finances with rigor and ing to make such bold investments in a picture of how the University was unity of purpose, maintaining both difficult economy? moving forward, and ensured a uni- the discipline shown in recent years They believed that the ambitious fied approach. Out of those calls grew and the ambitions that set it apart strategic plans developed by faculty the Liquidity and Capital Resources from so many other institutions. The and academic leaders would move the Advisory Committee, now a standing years to come will undoubtedly pres- University forward in the long run. subcommittee of the board’s Financial ent challenges, but they will just as Leaders across the institution showed Planning Committee. certainly offer opportunities to sup- financial discipline, making tough de- Within universities, cash manage- port our academic priorities at the

photo courtesy nim chinniah (left);cisions photography by jason smith (right) about cost cutting and investment, debt ﬁnancing, and investment very highest level. ◆

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 11 UChicago is your school. The world is your classroom.

CLASSIC GREEK ISLES MAY 13–25, 2013 Led by Jonathan Hall, Phyllis Fay Horton Distinguished Service Professor in the Humanities

CRUISING THE DALMATIAN COAST JUNE 20–28, 2013 Led by Victor Friedman, PhD’75, Andrew W. Mellon Professor of Balkan and Slavic Linguistics

TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILWAY BY PRIVATE TRAIN WITH NAADAM FESTIVAL JUNE 29–JULY 13, 2013 Led by Lenore Grenoble, Carl Darling Buck Professor in Slavic Linguistics and Department Chair

GREAT JOURNEY THROUGH EUROPE SEPTEMBER 5–15, 2013 Led by Charles Lipson, Peter B. Ritzma Professor in Political Science and the College

SPACE IS LIMITED—BOOK TODAY! Learn more and subscribe to our travel mailing list. Web alumniandfriends.uchicago.edu/studytrips Phone 800.955.0065 Email [email protected] JANFEB 2013 Citations, 17 ...... Original Source, 18 ...... Harper’s Index, 19 ...... For The Record, 20...... Fig. 1, 24 UChicago Journal

SEMINARY COOP As the parade passed 57th and Wood- and the Co-op’s 8,900-square-foot lawn shouts of “Hooray! Books!” new home in McGiffert House at 5751 greeted marchers carrying, well, South Woodlawn is negligible, but the books from the old Seminary Co-op signiﬁcance of the move demanded a Hooray! to the new. A bagpiper accompanied symbolic gesture. The November pa- faculty members delivering copies of rade, two days before the Co-op’s ofﬁ- their own works and assorted biblio- cial November 21 reopening, served as Books! philes marking the transition from both closure and grand opener. the beloved old basement labyrinth to Like honored guests at a state dinner, Co-op admirers commemorate a new location with controllable heat authors and their books were announced its move with a parade honoring and natural light. to applause. Then the authors placed the the literary labors they love. The distance between the original books on the new front table, same as the

photographybyrobert kozloff 5757 South University Avenue site old front table.—Jason Kelly

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 13

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 17 12/19/12 11:01 AM signed to combat it resembles that between medical students, residents, and attending physicians. At La Petite Fo- lie, co-owner and executive chef Mary Mastricola, AB’93 (Class of 1979), tops the chain of command, with chef de cuisine Juan Muñoz a close second. Mastricola and her husband, Mike Mastricola, AB’76, opened the Mi - chelin-listed restaurant in 1999 after almost two years in Paris, where Mary trained at Le Cordon Bleu and two restaurants. La Petite Folie hosts plenty of faculty in the dining room, but it has also opened the kitchen to moonlighting academics—Lester as well as Law School professor Doug- las Baird, who worked as a line cook one night a week from 2001 to 2004. Neither has formal culinary training. Most restaurant owners don’t allow visitors behind the scenes, says Mastri- cola, but Lester and Baird are unusually passionate and disciplined volunteers who bring something valuable to the restaurant. The “kids” in her kitchen “would otherwise never have an opportunity to meet people like that”— and her young staff in turn get a chance to teach the professors what they know. A longtime baker, Lester first worked with La Petite Folie after her son, then a waiter at the restaurant, recruited her to help bake Christmas cookies for one of the restaurant’s catering jobs. Since then, Lester has worked a 5 to 10 p.m. shift making des- serts most Fridays. Uniformed in coat, apron, and backward baseball cap, Lester arrives with a bag containing “Dr. Lucy” is a pediatrician by day and a pastry chef by night. her own knife, pens, and timer. She picks up where the full-time pastry chef, David Stern, U-High’05, leaves off after his daily shift. In the small COMMUNITY piping on Chantilly cream, and garnish- dessert area equipped with mixers, ing with raspberries. She has worked pastry tips, and a French maple rolling pro bono as a pastry cook at the French pin Lester covets for her own kitchen, restaurant since 2006. By day, Lester is she follows instructions given to her In the night pediatrics professor and section chief of by Stern, Muñoz, or Mastricola. pediatric pulmonary medicine at Com- The instructions might ask her to

er Children’s Hospital. make 48 mini spinach tarts, two choco- reynolds drew by photography kitchen “For a long time I sort of considered late cakes, two batches of cookies, or it my second white-coat job,” she says. whatever she wants. Lester sometimes Behind the scenes at La Petite “I’d take off that white coat and I’d go suggests new dishes for the menu: the Folie restaurant, faculty members to the restaurant and put on the chef’s chocolate torte recipe was given to her apprentice themselves. coat. It’s a world away from coughing, by a chef in Ghent, Belgium, where her wheezing children and academic cra- son-in-law had a visiting professorship On Friday nights at Hyde Park’s La Pe- ziness. But it can be a different level of a few summers ago. tite Folie, Lucille Lester, MD’72, cuts craziness.” The chaos of the kitchen, Known to the staff as “Dr. Lucy,” slices of Belgian chocolate torte, zig- she says, can rival that in an emergency Lester’s medical knowledge comes in

zagging chocolate sauce across a plate, room—and the rigid hierarchy de - handy. She’s dispensed nothing strong- photography by jason smith

14 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 18 12/19/12 11:01 AM er than Tylenol in the kitchen, but wait- ers sometimes stop downstairs to ask her about diners’ food allergies. Baird spent the first two months of his apprenticeship just chopping veg- etables. Working eight- or nine-hour shifts, he was eventually promoted, assembling salads and side dishes on some nights, and finally was trusted to cook meat dishes. “Professional kitchens are really hot places,” he says. “It’s hard, physical, blue-collar work.” Baird credits the kitchen staff and especially Mary with teaching him how to make an omelet, how to chop and slice correctly (“I just freak out when I see other people holding knives” the wrong way, he says), and—most important—how to season food. The difference between soup in a fine restaurant and soup elsewhere “is often just This Egyptian jar is inscribed with a gardening agreement in Demotic script. making sure the seasoning is done correctly.” He now uses those skills when hosting large dinner parties at home. Working at the restaurant spilled The project began in 1975 when Ja- ORIENTAL INSTITUTE over into his academic life too. A spe- net Johnson, PhD’72, then an OI grad- cialist in bankruptcy, Baird expanded uate student, proposed to supplement a his prior focus on large corporations Demotic glossary, Demotisches Glossar, to include small businesses, coauthor- Text published in 1954 by Danish Egyptolo- ing a paper with law professor Edward gist Wolja Erichsen. Relying in part on Morrison, AM’97, JD’00, PhD’03, his own lexicographical knowledge as about entrepreneurship and bank- messages a publisher of Demotic writings, Erich- ruptcies that he says he wouldn’t have sen gathered glossaries from individual written before working at La Petite The OI’s Demotic Dictionary texts into a single reference volume. Folie. illuminates life and language The OI’s Demotic Dictionary is based Beyond culinary skills and business in ancient Egypt. on texts from museums and collections insights, Baird says he enjoyed work- around the world that scholars pub- ing with people from backgrounds lished between 1955 and 1979. It took different than his own and being the Demotic—a late stage dialect of the nearly four times as long to complete as novice in the room. “I was treated as, ancient Egyptian language—was once Johnson expected. well, here’s this person who’s coming used for everything from tax bills and Dictionary entries include photo- to work with us. We’re not sure why. marriage contracts to religious and graphs of each word in its original con- He doesn’t know an awful lot about magical texts. But today, most texts text, black-and-white line drawings, how to cook, and he doesn’t speak written in Demotic remain unstudied, the evolving iterations, references to the language,” Baird says (in most of even after they’re discovered. Egyptol- the Glossar, and phrases demonstrating Chicago’s French restaurant kitchens, ogists tend to leave them aside because each word’s use. “Because Demotic is including La Petite Folie, he notes, the language is difficult to read and not very cursive, the handwriting is an Spanish is the language of choice). “I well understood. “Of the thousands of important part of the writing of the was sort of the outsider who had to earn Demotic texts in museums and librar- word,” says Johnson, the Morton D. the trust of the people there.” ies, only a fraction have been published, Hull distinguished service professor

photography by drew reynolds drew by photography Echoing Lester’s observations, he much less than half,” says Brian Muhs, in Egyptology. adds, “Restaurant culture is rigidly an associate professor of Egyptology at Oriental Institute scholars also pro- hierarchical and academics are anti- the University’s Oriental Institute. “No duced the Chicago Assyrian Diction- hierarchical.” That fixed structure is one knows what these texts contain.” ary, completed in 2011 after a 90-year less familiar ground for a legal scholar This may soon change. effort, and the Chicago Hittite Diction- than a physician. “You can go to a After 37 years, the Oriental Insti- ary, which began in 1975 and may not be workshop and argue with Gary Becker tute’s Demotic Dictionary is nearly ﬁnished for another 30-odd years. [AM’53, PhD’55]. You can’t cook in complete. All that remains is to proof- The eventual next step for their a professional kitchen and argue with read and cross-check the letter S, and Demotic cousin will be a migration to whoever is running the kitchen at the then all 24 letters, totaling 4,700 pages, a searchable online database from its

photography by jason smith moment.”—Alicia Barney will be available online. current home in a series of PDF ﬁles.

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 15

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 19 12/19/12 11:01 AM “That’s the pie in the sky that will hopefully get taken care of eventually,” Johnson said. An abbreviated script, Demotic dates from approximately 650 BC to 450 AD. “Each scribe had his own handwriting and some are less legible than others,” says Egyptologist François Gaudard, PhD’05, a research associate for the Demotic Dictionary. “In some cases, depending on the scribe and the time period, writings of the same word can look very different.” Gaudard began working on the dictionary in 1996 as a graduate student. The script is “in itself beautiful,” he says, noting the exquisite examples of calligraphy on papyri. But what makes it beautiful is also what scholars ﬁnd so confounding. Demotic evolved from hieratic, a cursive form of hieroglyphs. Removed from the original hieroglyphs, it is a kind of quick, ﬂowing shorthand. The name “Demotic” was bestowed by the Greeks, because it was a language of the “demos,” the people. Un- like hieroglyphs, reserved mostly for formal and religious inscriptions, Demotic was used for everyday documents: administrative texts, private correspondence, tax receipts, and legal matters. The dictionary will help scholars piece together previously unknown intimate details of Egyptian life. Demotic also illuminates Egypt’s political context at a time when the country was partly independent and partly ruled by Persians, Greeks, and Romans. Demotic materials have importance not just for Egyptologists Rebounding percentage, Zarren argues, maers more than sheer numbers. but also for scholars of the ancient Near East as a whole. “The history of this period has to be constructed from these different documents, languages, STATISTICS Almost three decades later, Zarren, scripts, and viewpoints,” says Muhs. AB’99, still catches home games in the Demotic “provides a unique perspec- balcony with his dad. One small thing tive on how the Egyptians responded to has changed: Zarren is now the assis- foreign settlers and rulers: sometimes Through tant general manager and team counsel. rejecting them, sometimes copying “This isn’t a job I ever planned on them, and sometimes ignoring them.” getting,” says Zarren, now in his tenth Since 2004 alone, the dictionary’s hoops year with the franchise. He’s not your PDF files have been downloaded typical NBA front-office executive. An unlikely NBA executive, Mike 120,000 times worldwide. By pro- Zarren is one of the pioneers in the rap- viding a resource for Egyptologists Zarren, AB’99, brings a Moneyball idly evolving field of APBRmetrics, to support their translations, the dic - sensibility to the Boston Celtics. which is a fancy way of saying advanced tionary may help encourage a new gen- basketball statistics—think Moneyball eration of scholars to try their hand at Growing up, Mike Zarren had season with a squeaking-sneaker soundtrack.

publishing Demotic texts—just as Er- tickets with his father at the old Bos- “I had been interested in mathematics. newscom ichsen’s Glossar did after it was pub- ton Garden, where they watched the But I never used math with basketball lished in the 1950s. legendary Celtics teams of Larry Bird, before working for the team,” Zarren

—Megan E. Doherty, AM’05, PhD’10 Robert Parish, and Kevin McHale. says. “The most I had done was run a brad gallagher, george gordan/ﬂash center for computational science

16 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 20 12/19/12 11:53 AM CITATIONS

THE JUSTICE INSTINCT genetic material that regulate but they could still shed light on Yan Zhang, MBA’09, Witnessing intentional acts of gene expression. That, in dark energy. Comparing the odd PhD’09, tested the old adage. harm prompts an instinctive, turn, produces more cancer and normal type Ia supernovae In experiments in which emotional brain response—part cells. In the December Cancer could help astrophysicists more subjects recalled past gifts— of the human “evolutionary Discovery, researchers from the precisely define the nature of the given and received, good and heritage” to be sensitive University of Chicago Medicine force central to the universe’s bad—and participated in a gift to the pain of others, says and Northwestern identified acceleration, Jordan says. With exchange, the researchers neuroscientist Jean Decety. three microRNAs associated simulations on Argonne’s found that people preferred Along with Stephanie with this process. UChicago supercomputer Intrepid, receiving a gift they’d asked Cacioppo, assistant professor gynecologist Ernst Lengyel, which will be detailed in the for to getting one that was in psychology, Decety mapped one of the study’s lead authors, Astrophysical Journal Letters, unrequested but thoughtful. the brain activity in adults says that the “cancer-associated Jordan and three colleagues “Even when thoughtfulness watching videos of people fibroblasts” produced by defined the class as white dwarf leads to choosing better gifts,” suffering intentional and microRNAs are more stable stars that failed to detonate. the researchers write, “it does accidental injuries. Published than typical cancer cells, making not increase gift receivers’ in the December 1 Journal them a target for treatment and INTENDED RECEIVER appreciation and gratitude of Neurophysiology, the study offering “a new way to fight It’s the thought that counts? beyond the quality of the gift found that intentional harm this disease.” By altering the Not really, says Chicago itself.” The thought does count triggered reactions within microRNA signals, researchers Booth behavioral scientist for gift givers, however: putting 180 milliseconds in the parts caused the cancer-associated Nicholas Epley. In a study in the extra effort and attention of the brain associated with fibroblasts to revert to their in the November Journal made them feel closer to the emotion and moral decision normal state. of Experimental Psychology: recipients of their gifts.—Jason making. Accidental harm did General, Epley and coauthor Kelly and Lydialyle Gibson not prompt those responses. STAR SEARCH The brain’s perceptiveness Thousands of exploding about others’ suffering, Decety stars are classified as type says, “constitutes a natural Ia supernovae, used by foundation for morality and astrophysicists as cosmic sensitivity to justice.” distance indicators, and they demonstrate that the universe REMISSION: POSSIBLE is accelerating because of the Ovarian cancer spreads by mysterious force known as generating a vicious cycle dark energy. Most type Ia of disease: cancer cells send supernovae resemble each other, chemical signals that induce but about 20 are “a little bit odd,” nearby healthy cells to become says George Jordan, research cancer promoters, after scientist at the Flash Center which each new cancer cell for Computational Science. prompts surrounding cells to Supercomputer simulations have modify their production of revealed that these dim stars microRNAs, the strands of are likely from a class of duds, An “odd” class of dim stars sheds light on dark energy.

fantasy basketball league” as a teenager. an unpaid statistician. Data-intensive bers columns on the Celtics website Zarren never played basketball be- analysis of NBA players beyond the tra- included “Draft Lottery Demystified,” yond high school and quiz bowl was ditional points, rebounds, and assists “Offensive Efficiency,” and “How to his primary extracurricular activity at was still in its infancy, but the Celtics Measure Rebounding Success.” Chicago. As an economics major, he be- wanted to explore the potential. On the surface, the last subject came a protégé of professor and Freako- Zarren joined the franchise full time seems simple: you measure rebound- nomics coauthor Steven Levitt, who in 2005. The novelty of his work and ing success by which team has more helped him develop a fascination with the wariness of traditionalists—Zar- rebounds, right? Not so fast, says Zar- the value of statistics. Much to Levitt’s ren’s boss, Danny Ainge, told the New ren. Examining a 2006 game between disappointment, though, Zarren took York Times that Celtics coach Doc Riv- the Celtics and the Charlotte Bobcats, his talents to Harvard Law. “I was hor- ers was “skeptically receptive” to Zar- he explained the flaw in that reasoning. rified. It made no sense at all to me, be- ren’s analysis—made him a front-office To Zarren, defensive-rebounding cause law would not have rewarded his curiosity. Celtics star Paul Pierce took percentage—“Out of all possible defen- talents,” says Levitt, the William B. to calling him “MIT.” sive rebounds each team could have got- Ogden distinguished service professor As long as the NBA establishment ten, how many did they actually get?”

newscom of economics. “When he ended up with wasn’t quite buying this methodology, Zarren wrote—matters more. Boston the Celtics, I was delighted.” Zarren could share his point of view won that game against Charlotte, a vic- During Zarren’s second year of law without fear of relinquishing a compet- tory largely credited to its rebounding

brad gallagher, george gordan/ﬂash centerschool, for computational science the team was looking to add itive advantage. His Inside the Num- advantage. In Zarren’s calculation,

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 17

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 21 12/19/12 11:02 AM though, Charlotte was better on the a better-scoring team despite the per- EDUCATION boards that night—Boston’s more ef- game decline. ficient shooting made the difference. He’s less forthcoming with his analy- “So though each of the major Boston sis now. Zarren wrote seven Inside the newspapers claimed that a big part of Numbers columns over parts of two Clearing the Celtics’ win was outrebounding seasons, his last appearing April 23, the Bobcats,” Zarren concluded, “in 2007. The following year the Celtics fact the Celtics won this game despite won the NBA championship, attract- hurdles being outrebounded.” ing copycat attention to every aspect A new University program helps Scoring comes under similar coun- of the organization, including the sud- terintuitive scrutiny. Points per denly circumspect stat guy in the stands Chicago high school students possession—as opposed to per game— with his dad. “We just don’t talk about navigate obstacles to college. determine offensive success by the what I do,” Zarren told the Boston Globe APBRmetrics method. The pace of in 2008. Research by Melissa Roderick, an play varies from game to game, which Knowledgeable basketball people urban-education expert in the School means a team will not always have the have started to notice. Sports Illustrated of Social Service Administration, same number of scoring opportuni- referred to him this past summer as “one has shown that obstacles, real and ties. In 2006, the methodical Detroit of the least-known yet most-infl uential perceived, prevent qualifi ed students Pistons fell in the middle of the pack in members of the Celtics’ front office” from pursuing higher education. Aca- points per game but were the league’s when Zarren’s name surfaced as a can- demic potential often goes unfulfi lled third best in points per possession. The didate for the Philadelphia 76ers general for those who lack the resources or Pistons reached the Eastern Confer- manager position. He ultimately with- support to navigate a complex and ex- ence fi nals that season. drew from consideration, remaining in pensive application process, let alone That same year, Boston completed a Boston, where his career has given new to assume the tuition burden of attend- multiplayer trade with the Minnesota meaning to the term fantasy basketball. ing college. Timberwolves. Although its offensive “I’ve been going to games with my fa- Many Chicago high school students production dipped slightly in points per ther ever since I was a kid. And to think fall into that category, and on Octo- game, Zarren showed that the Celtics that now I have an NBA championship ber 29 University President Robert J. moved up from 19th to 11th in points per ring with our last name on it. It’s sur- Zimmer announced a new program to possession after the trade—becoming real.”—Andrew Clark remove the barriers to their ambition.

ORIGINAL SOURCE QUEER REVIEW

They have campy cover illustrations and titillating titles: Sappho, Dusky Dyke, When Men Meet. Published in the 1950s and ’60s, paperback novels with gay and lesbian themes also hooked readers with back- cover blurbs about conﬂ icted characters. There was Millie from Dormitory Women, who “wanted also examined sociologists’ ﬁ eld interesting conversation about desperately to be like the other notes, newspaper clippings, and networks of communication,” girls.” And Jackie from Male Bride, other primary sources in the Special she says, “and where people got who “found himself more a racted Collections Research Center. information—right, wrong, or to men than to women” and “was Sold at drugstores and news- even ‘trashy’—at a time when gay

led down the aisle into the twilight stands around the country, gay- culture was largely hidden and keay nathan by photography world of desire and dreams.” and lesbian-themed paperbacks underground.”—Elizabeth Station Last spring, undergraduates circulated freely with science perused the pulp novels in a history ﬁ ction, romance, and mystery The Center for the Study of Gender and gender studies course called titles. Instructor Monica Mercado, and Sexuality is collecting oral Queer on the Quads: Uncovering AM’06, a PhD student in history, histories and archival materials to LGBTQ History at the University explained to students how the document the LGBTQ experience of Chicago. To glimpse lesbian, popular, inexpensive novels gave at the University. For more, see gay, bisexual, transgender, and small-town readers a window “Desire for History” in the Core,

queer life in decades past, they to another world. “We had an page 26. photography by robert kozloff

18 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 22 12/19/12 11:03 AM WILLIAM RAINEY HARPER’S INDEX SILVER METTLE

States Nate Silver, AB’00, correctly predicted in the 2012 presidential election: UChicago Promise helps keep Emanuel’s educational priorities within reach. 50 UChicago Promise is designed to help many Chicago students from pursuing Percentage of NYTimes students who attend any Chicago pub- the options available to them. .com trac aributed to lic, private, or parochial high school To help alleviate those pressures, Silver’s blog the day before gain admission to, pay for, and succeed UChicago Promise also includes an Ad- the election: in college. missions Academy, offering assistance As the centerpiece of the initiative, to students, their families, and guidance beginning with the incoming class of counselors. The academy, which began 2017, the University will eliminate this past fall with workshops for fami- 20 loans in the financial-aid packages of lies, provides information and advice in Chicago high school students admitted applying for college and financial aid. Number of states Silver to the College, allowing them to gradu- Professional development opportuni- correctly predicted in the ate without debt. More than 50 stu- ties for guidance counselors are also 2008 presidential election: dents from the city enrolled this fall, part of the academy’s offerings. including 18 who received full-tuition Chicago students can participate in scholarships through the University’s the Admissions Academy whether or Chicago Police and Fire and Chicago not they plan to apply to the Universi- 49 Public Schools scholarship programs— ty of Chicago. For those who do—and a record number. for all applicants from Chicago high Followers of Silver’s Mayor Rahm Emanuel, speaking schools—the $75 UChicago applica- @fivethirtyeight Twier after the initiative was announced at tion fee will be waived. account as of December 14: Kenwood Academy, called UChicago Zimmer noted that UChicago Prom- Promise “a creative step that will help ise complements existing University many of Chicago’s own achieve their research and programs designed to goals and graduate without a financial improve pre-K–12 schooling. For ex- 444,869 burden.” Emanuel emphasized post- ample, the Urban Education Institute secondary achievement in his Chicago operates the four campuses of the Amount Silver donated 2011 Transition Plan for Education, University of Chicago Charter School to charity aer MSNBC’s calling for additional support to help and the Collegiate Scholars Program Joe Scarborough refused the city’s students thrive in college. assists Chicago tenth through 12th to accept a bet about the According to a 2008 study by the graders in their academic preparation outcome of the election: University’s Consortium on Chicago for college. Expertise from across the School Research, only 27 percent of University, including the School of photography by nathan keay nathan by photography Chicago Public Schools students who Social Service Administration and the were qualified to attend a selective col- Consortium on Chicago School Re- $1,000 lege enrolled in a school that matched search, will help shape the evolution of their academic record. Among those UChicago Promise. Highest ranking for Silver’s who were qualified to attend a very se- “The University of Chicago has a book The Signal and the lective college, only 38 percent enrolled long-standing commitment to improv- Noise on Amazon.com: at such a school. ing urban education through research, While college enrollment rates have innovative ideas, and practices,” Zim- increased, the application process and mer said. “That commitment begins photography by robert kozloff financial aid complexities still prevent here in our own city.”—Jason Kelly 2

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 19

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 23 12/19/12 12:36 PM FOR THE RECORD

U-High’57, AB’61, who died be preserved. Digital images has led the nation in both the last May. At the ceremony, of the publications will be number of grants and funds BJ resident master Joshua made at the Mushfiq Khwaja awarded. The US Department Scodel said he imagined Cohler Library and Research Centre of Education grants support “smiling today at being linked in Karachi, Pakistan, and research in understudied to this place where our students made available through the areas of the world—such as discover and create the richness University of Chicago Library anthropology student Natalja of life Bert so cherished.” and the British Library. Czarnecki’s dissertation about In January, the College will the relationship between rededicate the Judson room for the people in the Republic of humanities professor Herman Georgia and their food supply, Sinaiko, AB’47, PhD’61, who and history student Patrick died in 2011. Kelly’s dissertation on the rise of South American human-rights VENTURE CAPITAL FINANCIAL ADVISER activism in response to 1970s An $8 million gift from Michael Anil Kashyap, Chicago Booth’s violence. Polsky, MBA’87, will expand Edward Eagle Brown professor the mission of the Chicago of economics and finance, SMART DECISION Booth entrepreneurship center has been appointed to the US On October 30 Pamela he established with a $7 million Department of Treasury’s Hoehn-Saric, MST’81, began donation a decade ago. His Financial Research Advisory a three-year term as chair of the latest gift makes the Polsky Committee. An expert on Smart Museum of Arts Board Center for Entrepreneurship banking and monetary policy, of Governors. A board member and Innovation the Kashyap also studies business since 2009, Hoehn-Saric University’s venture creation cycles, corporate finance, and succeeds her father, Robert engine, extending beyond price setting. A Chicago Booth Feitler, U-High’45, X’50. She Chicago Booth to create faculty member since 1991, (RENAISSANCE) SOCIETY NEWS also serves on the executive multidisciplinary programs Kashyap is one of 30 members Solveig Øvstebø becomes the committee and as chair of the and to collaborate with existing of the advisory committee, Renaissance Society’s first new academic affairs committee of campus innovation initiatives. which was established as executive director in 40 years the Kenyon College board of Faculty director Steven part of the Dodd-Frank Wall when she succeeds Susanne trustees, and on the board of the Kaplan and executive director Street Reform and Consumer Ghez in June. Since 2003, Kenyon Review. Ellen Rudnick, who have been Protection Act. Øvstebø has been director of in those roles since the founding, Bergen Kunsthall, an avant- will continue to lead the center. garde contemporary art space in her native Norway. “Solveig BELL TOILS AGAINST DIABETES has a strong artistic vision along In February Graeme Bell, the with experience in building an Louis Block distinguished institution,” said Ghez, who is service professor of medicine retiring from the position she and human genetics, will receive has held since 1974. the $150,000 Manpei Suzuki International Prize for research A REPLACEMENT FOR PIERCE on the role of genetics in diabetes A new 55th Street residence diagnosis and treatment. With hall and dining commons on colleague Nancy Cox, professor the site of Pierce Hall and the PROGRAMMED TO SUCCEED of medicine and human genetics, North Field recreation area will In November the Whiteboard Bell discovered gene mutations open in 2016. Pierce will close Erasers became the University’s that cause a form of the disease in June and North Field will first computer programming called maturity-onset diabetes be replaced with a new space team to win the Mid-Central of the young. Bell is the second on 61st Street. Maintenance USA regional competition, UChicago scientist honored in problems at Pierce, including advancing to the summer 2013 the award’s five-year history. THAT URDU THAT YOU DO SO WELL exploding toilets, exposed world finals in St. Petersburg, Donald F. Steiner, the A. N. The British Library’s heating pipes, and elevator Russia. Naren Hazareesingh, office news chicago of university Pritzker distinguished service Endangered Archives outages, made national news last third-year in computer science; professor emeritus of medicine Programme has awarded the year, increasing calls for a new Bill Waldrep, fourth-year in and biochemistry and molecular University a €52,247 grant to facility. computer science; and Kevin biology, received the 2009 prize. preserve and digitize 60 rare Wang, third-year in physics, and endangered Urdu-language THE BEST AND THE FULBRIGHTEST make up the Whiteboard NAMING RITES periodicals published between Ten of this year’s 84 Fulbright- Erasers. UChicago’s Conjurers On November 29, the Burton the 1870s and the 1940s. C. M. Hays grants went to UChicago of Cheap Tricks finished second Room in Burton Judson Courts Naim, professor emeritus in students, providing a total of out of 150 teams. This is the fifth was renamed the Bertram the department of South Asian $448,899 in funding for their consecutive year and seventh Cohler Club Room in honor languages and civilizations, dissertation research abroad. time overall that a UChicago of longtime UChicago social will be part of a panel selecting This represents the 19th time team has qualified for the

sciences professor Cohler, the magazines and journals to in 20 years that the University world ﬁnals. 365 digital photography

20 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 Part cultural critique, part personal narrative, Red Nails, Black Skates: Gen- der, Cash, and Pleasure On and Off the Ice (Duke University Press, 2012) con- trasts the joy of being on the ice, the wind in her hair, with the ice-skating world’s unfriendliness to people who can’t afford weekly private “ice time” or don’t fi t into narrow, “sometimes bizarre and archaic,” gender rules. Competitive moves that favor grace and fl exibility for women and athleti- cism for men can kill the sport’s magic, Rand writes. So can limitations on what skaters should wear—women in white skates, short skirts, and plung- ing necklines; men in black skates and clingy spandex costumes in which they’re somehow not to appear gay. Rand, whose fellow competitors once thought her too daring for wearing a black miniskirt with metal studs and skating to Pink Floyd, would like skaters to be able to express their gender however they see fi t. She suggests that the leaders of the skating world “encourage people to dress and move in ways that make them feel happily alive.” Still, Rand fi ts in better than some, like the dress-wearing man whose appearance at a rink prompted practice-ice contract forms insisting, “gender-ap- propriate clothing required.” Rand interviewed adult competitive skaters at rinks from Portland, Maine, to Portland, Oregon; tried hockey in the hopes of better understanding the appeal of figure skating’s hard-driving relative; and traveled to the Gay Games in search of a “queerer rink culture” and skaters unafraid to be Rand, as Janis Joplin in a 2007 routine, explored skating’s strict gender rules. their butch selves during competition. She found some—two women acted out a punk butch/femme romance and a male pair performed a Brokeback CULTURAL STUDIES couple of hours at the rink every week Mountain routine using music from might add a little variety to her work- the film—but for the most part, she out. The sport did more than that: it writes, “sexuality and gender at the transformed her life. Gay Games ice rink were just the same Rand soon discovered that with its as I’d come to expect at home.” university of chicago news offi ce news chicago of university Freestyle sparkly costumes and strict rules, fi g- She also set out to make ice-skating ure skating also held an embarrassment more democratic. Having gotten so skating of riches related to subjects central to much joy out of the sport, she says she A women’s studies professor her academic work: gender identity, wants more adults to feel comfortable popular culture, class distinctions, and toddling around on the ice the way fi nds glitter, grace, and rigid otherness. So the Bates College profes- she did when she fi rst gave those used gender roles out on the ice. sor of women’s and gender studies and blades a spin. “I think that the world of art and visual culture wrote a book skating needs to pay more attention to A decade ago, at age 43, Erica Rand, of essays about her observations and people who aren’t trying to be the next AM’81, PhD’89, bought a pair of sec- experiences as a self-identifi ed queer Michelle Kwan but are also out there

365 digital photography ondhand ﬁ gure skates, thinking that a femme in a heavily sequined sport. skating,” she says. “One thing I really

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 21

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 25 12/19/12 11:04 AM like about my local rink, it always has been really friendly to people who are serious about their own skating but are not going to be winning a national competition.” Thanks to good coaches, muscle memory from childhood lessons, and lots of practice, Rand, who’s now in her 50s, is no slouch on the ice. In 2008, she competed in the lowest freestyle category at the US Adult Figure Skating Championships, “the competition around which many serious adult skaters organize their skating,” she writes. She’s brought her classroom talents to the rink too, helping beginning adult skaters as a volunteer assistant coach. She marvels that even the greenest skaters “often have some idea of what kind of skating they want to be doing,” she says. “Somehow, they know they want to be figure skating, they want to be speed skating, they want to play hockey. How is it that people who have hardly skated at all show up with some idea of what their fantasy is?” Maybe, she speculates, it’s a combination of how people like to move—which de- pends in part on things like gender conventions—and what they’ve seen on the ice. For her part, Rand prefers to twirl around. “I figure skate partly for cer - tain feminine enticements,” she writes in her book. “I love the glitter, the emphasis on grace, and the occasional Mark Zuckerberg’s marriage to Priscilla Chan reflects a sociological trend. opportunity to wear a great miniskirt with an apparent purpose other than the pathetic denial of middle age.” Meanwhile, she struggles to embrace SOCIOLOGY didn’t do very much of anything that her edginess as well as her femininity was culturally Korean.” within the confines of the sport. For She attended an Episcopal school her first five years as an adult skater, Cultural that had a lot of Jewish students. “I felt she wrestled with the urge to invest in a connection with my Jewish class- a pair of custom-made black skates; she mates,” she says, “because, to a great wanted to be urban and punk rock. (The relations extent, they were outsiders” too: factory-model skates, sized for male “Even though I would say that we all feet, are too ill fitting for her, she says.) Two alumni study Asian-Jewish felt welcomed by the school, we were Ultimately, though, she chose white intermarriages like their own. not Christian.” Throughout her life, skates, partly because she wasn’t sure she’d seriously dated several Jewish she wanted to stand out every single men—and ultimately married one. day at the rink. Also, she writes, fig- Growing up, Helen Kim, AM’97, was Kim’s story is similar to what she and ure skating brings out her impulse for one of very few Asian children in her her husband, Noah Leavi , AM’97— gender conformity as little else ever predominantly white Bay Area town. raised in a Reform Jewish household has. It’s possible Rand might be better Her Korean family, she says, wanted in upstate New York—have found in off in roller derby, with its broader sar- her to assimilate as much as possible. their research on Asian-Jewish inter- torial freedom and edgier outfits. But The first people in their respective fam- marriage. Now both at Whitman Col- newscom then she’d have to trade in the twirling ilies to immigrate to the United States, lege in Walla Walla, Washington, the for shoving. And that’s someone else’s her parents did not speak Korean in couple started to investigate the topic

fantasy.—Laura Putre their American home. Says Kim, “We in part to better understand their own photography by robert kozloff

22 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 26 12/19/12 11:04 AM relationship, as well as to try to fill a gram in the Social Sciences, the attrac- ing their own children, four-year-old Ari gap in sociological literature (Kim is tion didn’t spark from their ethnic and and one-year-old Talia, whom the couple an associate professor of sociology and religious identities, Kim says. “What is raising as religiously and culturally Leavitt is the assistant dean for student really brought us together were some Jewish. But they want to make sure that engagement). personal life hardships. Both of our fa- the children understand their Korean Statistics show a higher rate of inter- thers had passed away very unexpect- background, even if Kim herself doesn’t marriage between Asians and whites, edly when we were young.” know much about it. Once Ari and Talia compared to Asians and any other Their shared research has contin- get a bit older, she imagines the family ethnic group—for example, the 2000 ued to bring them together. For “The taking Korean language lessons, partici- US Census showed that intermar- Newest Jews? Understanding Jewish pating in holidays, and paying respects riages between white men and Asian American and Asian American Mar- to the deceased in a traditional way. In women surpassed intermarriages be- riages,” Kim and Leavitt looked at a Kim’s family, the most recent death was tween white men and women of any diversity of people in such marriages, her father’s. “I haven’t participated in a other ethnicity. But Leavitt and Kim, from Chinese women to reform Jewish ceremonial celebration of his passing in who earned a JD and PhD, respec- men, to conservative Jewish women to a number of years. I can imagine starting tively, at the University of Michigan Japanese American men, to gay Asians to do that as a family.” saw a dearth of studies on ethnically and Jews. Most of the Jews were from —Ruth E. Kott, AM’07 intermarried couples that factored in Eastern Europe, and the Asians’ ethnic religious backgrounds. origins included Chinese, Japanese, Over a year and a half, Kim and Filipino, Indian, and Korean. Some Leavitt interviewed 31 Asian-Jewish of the Asian Americans were raised couples who represented a diverse Jewish or converted to Judaism; on the sample across characteristics includ- white Jewish side, there was a range of ing ethnic background and presence religious observance. of children. They selected the partici- The stereotype in Asian-Jewish cou- pants from around 250 couples who ples, says Kim, is that the Asian Ameri- took an online survey on how ethnic- can is female and the Jewish American ity, race, and religion intersect in their is male. But in the group who took Kim daily lives. The survey was circulated and Leavitt’s survey, there were just to Jewish organizations in several met- as many couples in which the Asian ropolitan areas, from congregations American partner was male and the to interfaith networks, through the Jewish partner was white and female. Institute for Jewish and Community Over the course of the taped inter- Chu and Isaacs were energized Research, a San Francisco–based think views, Kim and Leavitt found that the about Argonne’s new research hub. tank; the researchers also distributed couples’ shared values, down to the surveys to couples they knew person- importance of food in the respective ally and asked them to pass it on. cultures, seemed to reduce conflict. While many earlier studies have Also, while nearly every couple they ENERGY explored interfaith marriage and inter- interviewed had decided to raise their marriage understood as racial differ- children Jewish, they tried to instill ence, says Leavitt, their “exploratory” both culturally Jewish and Asian iden- study expands on that sociological lit- tities in their children, whether incor- Battery erature—speciﬁ cally on intermarriage porating kosher practices in the home for Jewish Americans and for Asian or celebrating a traditional Chinese life Americans—by exploring their eth- holiday as a family. nic, cultural, and religious interactions. While Leavitt focuses on his post A $120 million award fuels a new Published in the February 2012 Contem- as dean, Kim has been working with Argonne institute to advance porary Jewry, their research found that a research assistant to interview energy-storage technology. the Asian American partners who had 18–35-year-old multiracial and multi- not been born into a Jewish household religious offspring about how they “often said that from a values perspec- grew up and about how their Asian- Announcing the new Joint Center for tive”—an emphasis on education, close- Jewish family works. Many, Kim has Energy Storage Research, Argonne Na- knit families, and hard work—“they noticed, identify as white or multira- tional Laboratory director Eric Isaacs kind of got Judaism,” says Leavitt. cial instead of Asian. “I think they are outlined its goal: to develop batteries that Regardless of any cultural or ethnic really trying to distance themselves are five times more powerful and five differences or similarities, Kim says, “I from a stigma that still persists,” Kim times cheaper within ﬁ ve years. “Factors think there’s something on an individ- says, that is wrapped up in the idea of of five are what we need to transform ual level for these couples that makes being “foreign.” both the power grid and transportation,” newscom them fall in love with each other.” For Kim and Leavitt are taking the next Isaacs said at a November 30 event. Kim and Leavitt, when they met during generation’s responses to heart. In fact, The institute received a five-year,

photography by robert kozloff their year in the Master of Arts Pro- they’re using them for guidance in rais- $120 million award from the US De- university of chicago newsce ofﬁ

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 23

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 27 12/19/12 11:04 AM partment of Energy to create a bat- construction plan. Quinn also vowed tant that research be intimately linked tery and energy storage hub. It will be to work with the General Assembly to with manufacturing in a way that will a partnership between five national provide $30 million in future capital actually propel the United States for- laboratories, four universities (includ- funding for the building, which will ward,” energy secretary Steven Chu ing the University of Chicago), and serve as a nationwide focal point for en- said. “This is what the whole concept four private companies. Under the di- ergy storage research. is about.” rection of Argonne senior scientist and Calling the institute’s partners a Argonne’s center is the fourth En- University of Illinois at Chicago physi- “dream team,” Isaacs said that 120 re- ergy Innovation Hub that the Depart- cist George W. Crabtree, researchers searchers from around the country ment of Energy has established since will focus on the next generation of would regularly conduct research at 2010—a sort of Manhattan Project for energy-storage technology for electric the institute with the goal of develop- energy technology. The other hubs fo- and hybrid cars, smartphones, and the ing new technologies to be licensed cus on the modeling and simulation of electricity grid. and brought to market. The purpose nuclear reactors, creating more energy- Construction will begin in 2013 for is to keep the United States at the fore- efﬁ cient buildings, and developing fuels the center’s facility at the Argonne front of rechargeable-battery technol- from sunlight. campus in suburban Chicago. Illinois ogy, a $42 billion-per-year industry “Now,” Chu said, cutting the rhetor- governor Pat Quinn pledged $5 million with revenues expected to double in ical ribbon at Argonne, “the hard work through his Illinois Jobs Now! capital the next ﬁ ve years. “Very, very impor- begins.”—Jason Kelly

FIG. 1 POLITICAL ANIMALS

STRONG REPUBLICANS

PERCEPTIONS WEAK AND ABOUT FAMILY INDEPENDENT FINANCES REPUBLICANS

INDEPENDENTS WORSE ABOUT THE SAME

WEAK AND BETTER INDEPENDENT DEMOCRATS

STRONG DEMOCRATS

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% graphic by joy olivia miller olivia joy by graphic Partisanship exerts powerful of their own pocketbooks. Strong said their economic circumstances infl uence over voters’ perceptions of Republicans were 36 percent more had deteriorated were Republicans. reality—and not just on a national likely than strong Democrats to say “Family fi nances would seem to be scale. In the weeks leading up to their economic fortunes had declined objective facts that are impervious the 2012 election, researchers from over the past year under President to partisan infl uences—respondents NORC at the University of Chicago Barack Obama. Seventy-eight actually see the income fl owing in surveyed 2,136 Americans and found percent of respondents who reported and the expenses fl owing out,” NORC that political opinions infl uenced improved family fi nances were researchers wrote. “Not so.”

people’s beliefs about the state Democrats; 64 percent of those who —Lydialyle Gibson photography by jason smith

24 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v13.indd 24 12/20/12 10:01 AM INTERVIEW Public equity Sociologist Michael Bennett, AM’72, PhD’88, invests his time in urban development.

A few years ago one of sociologist Mi- chael Bennett’s DePaul University colleagues called to ask for help on a project. Bennett, AM’72, PhD’88, already had plenty to do. “My work is like a Pez candy machine,” he told his would-be collaborator. “Once one thing is completed, there’s always something right there that pops right up.” ing, and the Cedar Point amusement families and communities. Many of About 15 minutes later the colleague park. I watched it go from three strong these fathers had been painted as being showed up at Bennett’s offi ce “with a nodes to one—Cedar Point. The manu- deadbeat dads, but the real fact was, report on what he wanted to ask me to facturing’s gone, basically. The agricul- they weren’t deadbeats, they were just do,” he says, adding with a boisterous ture, as you can imagine, is gone. And dead broke. The process is to network laugh, “and a little Pez machine.” I really witnessed what that did to the with organizations that already serve An associate professor and faculty town and the people in it. these fathers to provide a comprehen- fellow at DePaul’s Egan Urban Cen- sive package of wraparound services, ter, Bennett’s most recent project An interest develops mainly aimed at providing economic examined urban policies in the dire [As an undergraduate at Kent State in suffi ciency—job training, counseling, fi scal conditions of the past few years, the 1960s] I started working in the an- entrepreneurship opportunities. As a follow-up to his 2007 book, coedited tipoverty program—the Community men matriculate through the training, with Robert P. Giloth, Economic Devel- Action Council of Portage County. they’re more likely to sustain employ- opment in American Cities: The Pursuit of Once I got into that, I started think- ment if they have these other supportive an Equity Agenda (SUNY Press). ing about my hometown and trying to services. That’s the idea. I’m the princi- Bennett cites the late Chicago may- think about, how do you establish en- pal investigator. What we’re doing is or Harold Washington’s governing tities, organizations that can initiate gathering quantitative and qualitative philosophy as an inspiration for his and sustain successful community-de- data from all these moving parts. academic and civic work. “How do we velopment activities for lower-income build housing in the neighborhoods people? So we formed a number of 40 acres and a school at the same time we’re trying to pro- community-development corpora- At the corner of 95th and Cottage vide support to commercial develop- tions, little CDCs, as we were called. Grove, there’s 40 acres that Trinity ments in the Loop?” he says, echoing That’s how I really got engaged in this United Church of Christ is developing Washington. kind of work. into a multiuse planned community, Bennett will be recognized for his so I’ve been spending a considerable efforts toward that end as the alumni Equity agenda, revisited amount of time working on that. We recipient of the University’s 2013 Diver- Our discussions were around how most have a school—the title of the project sity Leadership Award. Kim Ransom cities were in a cut mode—cut welfare, was 40 Acres and a School—and now of the Offi ce for Civic Engagement will cut housing, cut social services to the the plan is for multifamily housing, receive the staff honor at the January 17 low income. And Washington had re- senior housing, commercial entities, Martin Luther King Jr. celebration. trenched. There was no major urban urban food production, both with a In an interview with the Magazine, agenda, either in the Bush era or, sad to garden and with a food center that fo- graphic by joy olivia miller olivia joy by graphic adapted below, Bennett discusses his say, in the Obama era. cuses on nutrition, and a major health- career and the current projects in his oc- oriented and physical-education cupational Pez dispenser.—Jason Kelly Fa t h e r fi g u r e s facility. We have a limited liability There’s a group called Fathers, Fami- corporation that owns the land and is Economic roller coaster lies, and Healthy Communities. It has managing the development process. I I grew up in a small town called San- a focus on low-income African Ameri- serve on the executive committee of dusky, Ohio—45,000 when I was can noncustodial fathers. The objec- the limited liability corporation and growing up—but it had three nodes of tive is, without marriage in the picture, now I’m coordinating the family-hous-

photography by jason smith the economy: agriculture, manufactur- to get fathers more involved with their ing component. Pez, Pez.

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 25

UChicagoJournal_Jan-Feb_v11.indd 29 12/19/12 11:04 AM adventure A PASSAGE

TOIn 1956, new PhDs LloydINDIA and Susanne Rudolph set out from Austria in a Land Rover to begin the research on Indian politics that became their life’s work. Half a century later, the emeritus UChicago professors share notes they kept on their journey east. BY LLOYD AND SUSANNE RUDOLPH ILLUSTRATION BY DAVE STEVENSON

26 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_Apassage2india_v8.indd 1 12/19/12 12:09 PM A PASSAGE TO INDIA

UCH_Apassage2india_v8.indd 2 12/19/12 12:09 PM SEPTEMBER 1956 photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph susanne and lloyd courtesy photography ur trip diary was written under chal- people and looked like an armored car meant for a battalion. lenging conditions. We jotted down the The car was blue grey with a white tropical roof set on top first half while the car was passing from of the ordinary roof. one country to another on moderately The Rover made up into a bed. The second seat flat- respectable roads. But when we reached tened out, the back of the front seat was laid across the back Persia, we could no longer write in the benches, and the cushions from the front seats made head- car—all our attention was devoted to rests. Since we carried all our luggage with us, we had to keeping our stomachs below our lungs transfer it out of the back of the car into the front seat each and not bumping our heads on the car night before we could make up the bed. We routinized this ceiling. So the second half was written at process enough so that it became quite simple. Lloyd usu - greater leisure from notes as we recuper- ally made the bed while Sue prepared the supper. ated from the trip in Lahore, New Delhi, and Jaipur. For cooking, we had a Higgins two-burner gas stove, We consider Salzburg the official starting point of our which we set just inside the door in the rear of the car. For Otrip because we delayed in England and Germany along breakfast and supper we put up our little wooden tables and the way. Our vehicle was a new model of the Land Rover; folding chairs, set the table with paper napkins and plastic the 107-inch wheelbase, five-door station wagon seated ten dishes, and tried to keep a gently civilized routine.

28 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_Apassage2india_v8.indd 3 12/19/12 12:09 PM Aer its long journey, the Land Rover gets a rest at Jai Mahal Palace Hotel in Jaipur, India.

After dinner, we washed dishes in hot, soapy water in our folding rubber dishpan; sometimes we washed out a few clothes and hung them on a line tied to a nearby tree. WE WERE ARRESTED. In the mornings, while Sue cooked breakfast, Lloyd propped his mirror on the spare tire screwed on top of BUT THE ARREST SOON the hood, perched the pot with hot shaving water on the fender, and shaved. Keeping house on the road was always DETERIORATED INTO some trouble. But it refreshed and strengthened us as no hotel stay ever did. We’re not quite sure why this was so, ABSURDITY: NO ONE but we think the manipulation of household equipment gave us the sense of being more than mere rootless wan- derers upon the face of the earth. COULD COMMUNICATE We left Salzburg July 26 and arrived in Peshawar August 20, a matter of 25 days. The mileage was 5,114 miles, and THE CHARGE TO US. the cost of the trip was about $300. The pretrip expenses incurred because we wanted to make the trip by car came to another $384. Such a trip is an enormously rewarding experience for behind, also tooting noisily and happily. July 28, we later the strong of limb and stout of heart. The fact that every - found out, is the date on which the old Croatian govern- thing is new and strange and possibly threatening creates a ment was replaced by the present one, and celebration was chronic underlying strain, a fear of the unknown which one already beginning. must learn to live with. Such a trip is a calculated risk. But anyone who is in good physical condition, with a balanced psyche, a good car, a bit of luck, and a capacity to improvise JULY 30 / SERBIA TO THE SSALONÍKI can make the trip. oke up at 5:30. Everybody on the way to Monday morning market. Women with quacking ducks in JULY 26 / SALZBURG W their baskets, clean white cloths over their heads with roses pinned on. Bullocks, calves, tomatoes, peppers, all on id big laundry on glorious sunny morning at camp the way to the market. Having no ﬁxings for breakfast, we outside Salzburg. All the laundry accumulated on followed the crowd, after a lengthy discussion with a pass- D the drive down through Germany. Sue reveling in ing farmer who offered Lloyd a cigarette from a silver case. domesticity, Lloyd champing at the bit. Drove into Salz- As we headed south during the day, the farmland de- burg with laundry triumphantly ﬂapping on nylon laundry creased and the herding of sheep increased. Finally, as we

photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph susanne and lloyd courtesy photography lines in back of car. Money for which we’d been waiting came out of the relatively flat farmland of Serbia into the for three days finally came. Ate some kuchen and coffee to arid, wild, and lonesome hill country of Macedonia, even celebrate. Did some more quick shopping. Salzburg shops sheep became rare. wonderful. Many tempting things. Bought some Landjäger On the way toward Thessaloníki, we began to encounter for emergencies, piece of good bacon for outdoor breakfast, a strange phenomenon, so strange that we thought we’d had peaches, tomatoes, butter. Off at two for Graz. too long a day of it. Small trees moved silently across the road in front of us. Huge bushes slowly growled down the high- way toward us. Agitated flora enlivened the roadsides. The JULY 27 / GRAZ TO ZAGREB bushes, we eventually realized, were heavily camouflaged troop transports with their lights out, the lively greenery n the way toward Zagreb we came through Friday camouflaged men. We, of course, had our lights shining evening festivities. Truckloads of country people brightly, essential if we were not to annihilate a donkey and O coming together at an inn garden near Varaždin— his guide every ten yards. But the transports became more violins, dancing, and beer. The army, which we found in frequent, their drivers signaled to us to put down our lights, evidence throughout the country, was also on the road in and eventually an armed sentry stepped into the road and companies on trucks. To get through the crowds on the halted us. For five minutes before that, we had been review- roads, the trucks beeped furiously, and we soon followed ing the recent history of Greco-Yugoslavian relations and

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 29 theorizing that the Yugoslavian troop movements we had quintuplets and they couldn’t stay to answer questions, seen on the other side of the border and the Greek troops we but his calmer wife dissuaded him. We translated their saw on the move now might have some mutually antagonistic story to our interpreter who translated to the police. aim. But our sentry, who made us pull off the road and join a When we last saw them, they were returning to the site of group of donkeys, farmers, and Italian motorcyclists, which the act, where they were to argue their case before the lo- he had already collected there, quickly eased our minds. War cal police. We felt sorry for them—it would be awkward games, big ones, and ones to which Turkey and England had, arguing with an irate Greek farmer and the Greek police incidentally, not been invited. [As it turned out, the English, in German and Persian. French, and Israeli invasion of Egypt began soon after President We arrived in Alexandroúpoli via worsening roads, af- Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal on July 26, 1956. Yugoslavia ter dark, in time to see people flocking through the main and Greece were mobilizing against each other just in case.—L.R.] streets in the evening cool. Our detainer spoke French and had studied political science at the University of Athens. He and his colleagues fed us and the Italian motorcyclists fresh watermelon, and AUGUST 2 / IST ANBUL when we got tired of waiting after an hour and proposed to park somewhere and spend the night, they found a place for he traffic here is very thick, and the trolleys carry us behind their own bivouac. crowds of people including always a contingent of five T or six little boys who jump on the back and hold on to god only knows what with their bare toes and hands. The JULY 31 / THESSALONÍKI TO ALEXANDROÚPOLI Istanbul police wear snappy white coats (wool!) and blue trousers and are very helpful. As far as traffic in Turkey in e left Thessaloníki about 10 a.m. and drove to Al- general is concerned, there are many American cars in the exandroúpoli by 8 p.m. In the meantime, we made big cities and some in the country. People rely on brakes W the extensive acquaintance of the Greek police—a rather than on a generally accepted conception of the right snappy corps, with their well-kept green uniforms and uni- of way. Lloyd was always fit to be tied after an hour’s driv- formly large black mustaches. At about 1 p.m., a mile out- ing in any city. In the provincial towns the automobile has side the beautiful city of Kavála on the Aegean, we were not yet received recognition of its rights on a par with cows, arrested. But the arrest soon deteriorated into absurdity: donkeys, people, and other users of the right-of-way. no one could communicate the charge to us. We still haven’t killed a chicken—a truly glorious record. Our policeman called in a passing army officer for con- sultation. The officer was no help, but he used the word “Russki” frequently enough that we tentatively concluded AUGUST 4 / A NKARA this had something to do with (a) last night’s maneuvers and (b) we were suspected of being Russkis, spying no doubt. n to Ankara. The city itself is very attractive with its This impression was confirmed when the policeman got parks, boulevards, and public monuments. At four in into our car and directed us to a nearby army encampment. O the afternoon we plunged back into the forbidding, A few moments later a noncom emerged from one of the arid country. No appealing campsites appeared anywhere, red corrugated iron Quonset huts that sat among the trees. and the people looked unfriendly when we slowed down to He spoke English and informed us that we were charged inspect a possible site. Finally, near Sungurlu, we saw a vil- with killing a cow with our car. Someone had seen us do it lage in the distance on a hillside. We turned off the road that and taken down our number. The long and the short of this story is: it wasn’t a cow, it was a horse, and we didn’t do it. Fortunately we saw the accident, or the confusion would have lasted much longer. The horse had run into the path of a defenseless Volkswa- WE STILL HAVEN’T gen, knocking in the VW’s nose and one light and killing itself. We stopped to see if we could help, because we had met the Iranian driver and his young German bride at the KILLED A CHICKEN— Greek customs. While we were explaining this story to the police, the VW drove up, looking duly bashed. The A TRULY GLORIOUS Iranian, one of the tensest men we have ever met, was all for telling the police that his wife was pregnant with RECORD. photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph

30 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 They appeared to be not at all surprised to see visitors from the States and were cordial and immediately responded to our inquiries about a place to camp with a suggestion of the local radar installation. We slept that night on top of a mountain immediately outside the barbed wire of the radar installation. [We assume that the radar installation was part of a missile site whose weapons were aimed at the Soviet Union. These are the missiles that President Kennedy had covertly agreed to re- The Rudolphs in 1990 with Ramaswamy Venkataraman move as a condition of solving the Cuban missile crisis in October (center), the eighth president of India, and his wife. At 1962.—L.R.] le is Gandhi’s grandson Gopalkrishna Gandhi, then secretary to the president. AUGUST 6 / ERZURUM

lorious drive from Trabzon to Erzurum, through led to it and parked in a dry streambed which looked prom- mountains reminiscent of the Salzkammergut. Slow ising. But before we got very far in unloading the car, four G driving because of many curves. Apricot country. farmers arrived and investigated our arrangements. They The dry lowlands were relieved by rows of tall poplars, gave us to understand that the mosquitoes were bad at our obviously planted by someone anxious to add greenery. site, and one farmer motioned toward a nearby house where Above Erzurum, at a number of small towns, we began to tractor-powered machinery was thrashing some crop. notice a proliferation of the army installations which were There we parked and started supper. Pretty soon the prominent throughout Turkey. All appeared in a high state word got out, and more farmers started assembling, sitting of readiness: hundreds of trucks lined up in apple-pie order, in a large half circle around us, watching every move of the jeeps, half-tracks, and all in great quantity. Before Erzurum preparation. Evening show! Good instinct of showmanship itself we passed the climactic one of these establishments. required to survive such an experience. The prosperous We were just remarking to each other that for a deter- though quite unshaven farmer who had asked us there soon mined spy the situation around Erzurum would be sheer brought out an enormous plate of curds. Lloyd had no trouble duck soup, when we were flagged down by an armed sol- with this unsolicited gift, but Sue, who can scarcely face even dier. Our passports were demanded and swiftly borne off. milk, turned a little pale. But everyone was watching—not a A half hour later a junior officer returned with them, and in chance of disposing of it by any manner other than eating it. his sparse German cheerfully indicated that he would now When the daylight finally faded, the helpful farmers climb into our vehicle and accompany us elsewhere. Fifteen brought over the tractor, turned its lights full on us, and miles later we entered Erzurum. Eventually our passports critically observed our bedtime ablutions. Nothing like were left at the police station, after being registered in im- brushing your teeth with 20 men watching intently! Late mense, painfully written record books at two guard hous- show! We were pretty tired by this time and most troubled es on the way. We were told we might pick them up in the about how we’d tell our audience that the show was over. morning, and where, please, did we plan to spend the night? We made up the bed, drew the curtains, came over to face In the car! Well, then our companion would arrange to find our audience directly, bowed in unison, and said good a place to park the car in the garden of the city jail. night. The farmers murmured a friendly return greeting, lumbered to their feet, and went away, avidly discussing the evening’s events among themselves. AUGUST 7 / ERZURUM TO MAKU The trip from Samsun to Trabzon was magnificent. The view from the heights, across green hazelnut groves and fter breakfast we picked up our passports and a soldier red tile roofs, fell to the Black Sea. We arrived in Trabzon who escorted us 40 miles beyond Erzurum, through after dark and, after some inquiries, were directed to head- A extended training areas which Lloyd identified as en- quarters of a US military group. These were in a large house gineering, artillery, armor, and transportation. behind the usual wall at the top of a narrow, steeply pitched The reason for the large concentration of men and equip- alley that led at a 45-degree angle to closely set buildings and ment in this area is plain on the map. Erzurum is the closest walls. Five or six men were lounging in T-shirts in a large major city to the Russian border along the main overland room next to a pantry where our furtive looks could catch route from Russia into Turkey. As far as we could see, the

photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolphglimpses of Campbell’s tomato soup and corned beef hash. Turks have much more equipment than the Yugoslavs.

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UCH_Apassage2india_v9.indd 6 12/19/12 1:07 PM Their soldiery is not nearly as spiffy in appearance as that ing headlights; if you got through the smoke the chances of the Greeks but approximates that of the Yugoslavs. But were a washout on the left would catch you. After two we were impressed with their apparent preparation. hours struggling, in which we covered 30 miles, we gave Just inside Iran, we arrived at the small town of Maku. up, pulled off the road into the desert, which bore only a prickly, unkind weed on its dry face, and made camp in the dark. We ate more dried fruit, but we were so tired we had AUGUST 9 / M AKU TOWARD TEHRAN almost no appetite. Our ritual ablutions—washing the face and brushing the teeth keep men human—comforted us and nother grueling day of dull driving. Hills and plains we instantly fell asleep. all equally dry. Our one amusement was the camels A which we now began to encounter in large numbers. They are great, lumbering, pompous beings, who peer along AUGUST 11 / TEHRAN their noses with an air of contempt while chewing with their big, soft, fuzzy lips. Their gait is loose and uncoordinated t 6:30 we met with Hugh Carless, the new secretary of looking when they run, though they have a fine swaying and the Tehran Embassy. Laughing, we told him of a story dipping rhythm when they walk. They are led by a rope at - A Lloyd had heard from a warrant officer who had served tached to a pin in their noses, a necessary device since they at the embassy in Kabul. The story concerned a diplomatic are often ornery. They are still a very important means of car held up by bandits on the road from Kabul to Peshawar. transport in these parts, though more so east of Tehran than The car had been robbed and diplomatic files scattered over west of it. the Afghan hills. We said we realized that this was just an - We hoped to get to Tehran that night, but the last 60 other one of those popular horror stories people like to tell miles turned out to be the worst we had yet encountered prospective travelers. Carless laughed agreeably and added —dusty, with potholes, washouts, and dangerous places conversationally, “Yes, I was in that car.” everywhere. Yet this road was the busiest we had seen in When we had recovered, he related the following tale: it all of Persia, buzzing with the incredibly high, overloaded seems that a disaffected tribe had contrived an ambush on trucks which are the bane of its roads and which here and this road, which goes in part through steep canyons and is there lie toppled by their load into ditches. To stay behind quite vulnerable to attack. Carless’s car had been the first these trucks on the road was death, because the diesel stopped, and its occupants were put in a nearby canyon smoke and dust would blind and poison you. To pass was and guarded, while for the next three hours other cars and disaster, because if the black diesel smoke came from a left- lorries were held up in the same ambush. One lorry was hand exhaust all view was obscured, even of bright oncom- accompanied by two soldiers, seated on top. One soldier, either through extreme courage or extreme stupidity, fired his gun. He was instantly shot. The other soldier sought to jump down to surrender, but his motives were misunder- THEY ARE GREAT, stood, and he too was shot. LUMBERING, POMPOUS AUGUST 13 / M ASHHAD n to Mashhad. We stopped at Sabzeva¯r to take a pic - BEINGS, WHO PEER ture of a funny mosque with aluminium-topped mina- O rets. The crowd that gathered to watch us was rude, ALONG THEIR NOSES and the children very fresh. We drove off quite angry. In the medium-sized cities after Tehran where we stopped WITH AN AIR OF this was often the case. A batch of just prepuberty males would gather around, stick their heads in the window un - less Lloyd growled, and make remarks which sounded no CONTEMPT WHILE less fresh for being in Farsi. We had the feeling, although no evidence, that the extraordinary sight of an unveiled, CHEWING WITH THEIR bare-legged woman led them to suppose that such an im- moral phenomenon invited disrespect. The women became

BIG, SOFT, FUZZY LIPS. increasingly more veiled as we moved east—the large black photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph

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UCH_Apassage2india_v9.indd 7 12/19/12 1:08 PM Picnicking in Rajasthan, India. Most of the photos from the trip were destroyed in a ﬂood in Chicago.

or dark blue cotton shawl, worn as a cloak over the ordi- AUGUST 14 / M ASHHAD TO HERAT nary Western-style clothes which all the city women and many provincial women wear, is rarely drawn over the face e met the consul, Robert Schott, at the consulate. in Tehran, where women even use lipstick. But eastward, The day of our trip preceded by only one day the the face is more rarely seen, and the casual gesture of hid - W great and sorrowful feast day of the Shiite Muslims ing the face becomes more purposeful, until finally women commemorating the death of Hussein, a descendant of the squat down, turn away, and draw the veil when a car passes. prophet and, according to the Shias, his true heir. Mashhad, By the time we arrived in Mashhad, Sue was feeling self- with its great shrine containing the tomb of Imam Reza, is conscious about her face showing—if people look at it as a famous pilgrimage center for the Shias, and the death day though it were naked, then gradually the supposition arises of Hussein is the culmination of months of sorrowing, com- that it is naked. parable in a sense to Lent and Good Friday. Foreigners are While we were looking for the way to the consulate, four not welcome at these times of great religious significance. young Iranians accosted us and offered their help. Two of We went to the bazaar with some trepidation, after Sue them, it turned out, were taking English lessons several had modified her wanton appearance with a scarf over her nights a week and were very anxious to practice it. They head. Because of the impending feast, all money changers were perhaps 17 or 18 and eager to hear about America and in the bazaar were closed. We were about to give up, when Western habits in general. The brighter one of the two was our Iranian consulate guide came back from some inquiries the son of a Persian rug merchant. The other, an engineering and announced: “One Jew is open.” Apparently the ancient student, told us that Mosaddeq [deposed by the CIA in 1953— profession is still practiced in these parts by the people of the L.R.] was very popular still, though he had little chance for a Book, and they are not bound by the Muslim rules. The mon- comeback because he would not be permitted to hold public ey changer quoted us an acceptable rate and then went off to office. They invited us for tea and apple juice at a little ice see if he could round up enough Afghanis to cover the deal.

photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolphcream parlor and escorted us safely back to the hotel. He told us the transaction would take another 20 minutes.

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UCH_Apassage2india_v8.indd 8 12/19/12 12:11 PM By this time a crowd was beginning to gather, and while the men seemed mostly curious and not unfriendly, an inor- dinate number of little boys were accidentally taking running starts and bumping into Sue, without being chased off by the adults. Schott suggested we leave the consulate servant there to finish the transaction and start back to the consulate. Halfway through the bazaar we heard chanting ahead and caught glimpses of black prayer flags. Schott hastily shepherded us into a nearby bake shop, and only just in time. The chanting signaled the approach of a mourning procession on its way to a shrine in the bazaar. Men bear - ing the flags came first, followed by a slow-moving array of mourners—men with shaven heads wearing loose, black, sleeveless gowns cut out to expose the shoulder blades. Before the journey: the Land Rover being washed in Ger- They carried short clubs to whose heads were attached many, July 1956. some 20 thin metal chains, and with these they beat their exposed backs rhythmically as they walked—the self-flag- ellation was not violent, but steady and ritually patterned. As they passed we huddled toward the rear of the bake shop AUGUST 15 / HE RAT and watched the bakers at work. We left Mashhad around 1 p.m. after equipping ourselves he mile markers which had guided us through Persia with tire patches. We were guided to the road to Herat by now disappeared. They had served their function: a boy from the local Land Rover agent. Night fell as we T teaching us Persian numerals, which we had to know passed through the no man’s land between the frontiers, for the financial transactions—we usually bargained by past the Persian border guards with their fixed bayonets having a vendor write the amount on the dusty surface gleaming in the early moon. After half an hour’s driving, a of our car door, and then writing the bargaining figure border barrier loomed out of the darkness, and on the right underneath. rose the shadow of an old fort. The Afghan border guards The land from the Afghan border to Herat did not differ cheerfully pumped Lloyd’s hand in greeting, glanced at our greatly from the last part of Persia. One difference was the passports, and indicated that one of them would now climb road, which immediately announced that in Afghanistan in to take us to some unknown destination ahead. we should not expect to travel more than 20 mph, and that Though Afghanistan imposes a stricter purdah on its the bouncing we had gotten on some Persian roads was women than any other Muslim country we passed through, insignificant. the men were relaxed in their greetings to Sue. Since she Another difference was a powerful hot wind, or loo, was plainly not of a category with their women, they appar- which began to blow when we were not far into Afghani-

ently treated her in the only other plausible way—as a man. stan. It whipped up the dust and sand from the arid land and rudolph susanne and lloyd courtesy photography chased it over the road. When we stopped, as we had to four times that morning to readjust and eventually completely reload the equipment in the back, it blew so strongly that we had trouble moving about. Once it tore the wooden folding THEY CARRIED SHORT table from Sue’s hands. This is the “wind of 120 days” for which the area is famous—or infamous. Its unhesitating CLUBS ... AND WITH persistence tires the body and irritates the spirit. We were almost spitting at one another after an hour of it. THESE THEY BEAT The terrible, uneven road where even 15 mph was no guarantee against bounces that would send us ﬂying out of our seats, produced several disasters. The new aluminium THEIR EXPOSED BACKS water container, bought in Tehran, was crushed to an oc- tagonal shape, and eventually the metal side gave way and RHYTHMICALLY AS the back of the car was ﬂooded. We had six large book packages, wrapped in heavy paper, lying under the middle seat THEY WALKED. where the water could reach them. So 20 miles out of Herat

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UCH_Apassage2india_v9.indd 9 12/19/12 2:11 PM we had to stop, rush around to save the packages, and mop up the back. But the wind had its virtues: it dried the book AFGHANISTAN WAS packages off quickly. Subsequently we discovered that only one book had been hurt, but that unfortunately was Lloyd’s thesis (the binding). PLAINLY THE WILDEST We arrived at Herat around 12:30. We saw its smokestacks—what industry could Herat have that requires four COUNTRY WE VISITED. smokestacks?—rising in the distance some time before we reached the approach avenues, which, though still uneven and graveled, are lined with beautiful coniferous trees of This outlook has its negative side. Afghanistan presents a kind we had not met before. The weary traveler from an example of l6th- and 17th-century-style Oriental autoc- the countryside must find these a great relief as he goes to racy caught up in 20th-century power political problems. the city market to sell his goods. We certainly did. As we Like the autocracies of an earlier era, Afghan politics are entered the city, we discovered that the smokestacks were family politics uninformed by any regularized determina- broken-off minarets, the remains of an ancient university tion of popular will—though elaborate claims of constitu- that dominated the East when Herat was a great center of tional monarchy are made. culture and learning in the l6th century. The atmosphere in Kabul breathes intrigue, largely be - Everywhere frantic decorating was in progress in prepa- cause speech, communications, and political decision mak- ration for the Jeshyn, or Independence Day Celebration, ing must flow through subterranean channels—they are by which would begin August 24 and last a week. It marks the no means free and open. The Westerners to whom we spoke successful end of the last Afghan war, which finished Brit- in Kabul, almost to a man, referred to Afghanistan as a “po- ish influence in Afghanistan. The man who won this inde- lice state.” To us the term seemed a misnomer—it conjures pendence for the Afghans, the former King Ama¯nulla¯h, up visions of highly rationalized, bureaucratized, technolo- was apparently cut of the same cloth as Atatürk. He sought gized Western-style dictatorship. What exists in Afghani- to modernize his country and among other things to take stan seemed to us more an ancient arrangement which had the women out of purdah. On this ground and others he in- never heard of the liberal tradition and didn’t want to hear of curred the wrath of the conservative elements, especially it, than a modern arrangement seeking to suppress it. the mullahs, and was ousted. We heard more talk of history and politics in Afghani- stan than in any other land en route, both from Afghans AUGUST 16 / F ARA¯H and foreigners. We knew little more of the country than that it had traditionally been the invasion (and trade) route e reached Fara¯h around 1 p.m. and set off at 5 p.m. to to India; that therefore the British and Russians had spent tackle the desert road. We had been told that no one a substantial part of the 19th century meddling in Afghan W tackles it in the daytime, and we agree that no one politics trying to create a situation favorable to themselves; should. This night’s driving was a sheer endurance run.

photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph susanne and lloyd courtesy photography that Afghanistan, though drawn into the British sphere of The road was not just rough but downright treacherous. influence as far as its foreign policy was concerned, had re- About 11 p.m. we came to a village. The tea house looked sisted any real colonization and that the old game of seeking inviting: two winking lamps strung up above a huge cop- influence was not over, but had gotten some new players— per samovar standing in the open shop front, nearby a dark notably the United States. wooden rack with bright-colored teacups and teapots, Afghanistan was plainly the wildest country we visited. some small Persian rugs on the floor near the samovar, The absence of even a rudimentary communications sys- and on one side five men in turbans sitting in a circle sip - tem, as well as of other evidence of Western impact, led ping tea. We parked and came over, requested “chay.” The us to speculate on the virtues and vices of colonialism. proprietor, a young man, quickly brought the round pot The Afghans were totally unapologetic about their lack of (known as china in these parts, a splendid Persian word) knowledge of Western manners and ways. (Kabul may be and cups, a little bowl to put in tea leaves when you fin - an exception.) Elsewhere we had found people apologiz- ished a cup, and a container of rough-grain sugar. When ing if they couldn’t speak English. Here there was some we were ready to leave, Lloyd opened negotiations for surprise that we couldn’t speak Farsi or Pashto. An Indian payment, but one of the turbaned men rose and dismissed acquaintance who spent time in jail as a nationalist has told the possibility of payment. us that he is often unintentionally resentful of Westerners At Gereshk the road changed—suddenly at 4 a.m., when because “I forget that we are free.” the darkness was lifting and we were tired to death of the

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UCH_Apassage2india_v9.indd 10 12/19/12 2:12 PM In 1990 the authors received the Colonel James Tod Award, recognizing foreign nationals who have contributed to the understanding of the Indian state Mewar.

driving, there appeared before us a well-graded, freshly with the chief police inspector of Baghdad.” “Here I am graveled smooth road with new bridges. This is the road with Ibn Sa‘u¯d’s son.” “Here I am on Radio Cairo.” that the Americans are said to have helped with, and we We had discovered, by the way, that there are numerous blessed American materialism with all our hearts as we types of world travelers. But there seems to be one kind sped along the next 60 miles to Kandahar at 50 mph. that makes all embassies from Yugoslavia to Kabul ﬂinch. He is the fellow on his way around the world on $15, and here he is in Mashhad, halfway round, and he still has $13. AUGUST 17 / K ANDAHAR There are surely some ﬁne men among these, but the typical example seems to feel that because he has been brave or e found the Kandahar hotel, another gaily painted harebrained enough to attempt this extraordinary adven -

stucco structure, and were received by a rather in - ture, he can expect all Europeans along the way to meet rudolph susanne and lloyd courtesy photography W ept manager in Western bush shirt and trousers, all his demands, outrageous and otherwise. The embassies with Western pretensions but no real feeling for hospital - further east, where the going is tough, seem to have had ity. Our ruder hosts at Fara¯h and Herat were much nicer. their fill of such types. We found some consular and em - He couldn’t make up his mind for a while whether he could bassy officials very wary when we first met them to ask for really serve us lunch already at 11 a.m. (We had had no full local advice. They all relaxed and turned out to be warm meal since the previous afternoon.) Once he made up his and helpful eventually, but only after they found we were mind to do so, the food was unattractively served—even not expecting them to supply food, lodging, gas, and guide by our now modest standards. Sue met three people in the service free of charge. The Yale group which came through lobby, all of whom spoke German. They asked if she and last summer, though they were probably not of the $15 vari- Lloyd would take one of them, a tall Austrian young man ety, made a poor impression by insisting on gas at the Kabul with a fish-belly-colored, unappealing appearance, to Ka- embassy as a matter of right and not paying for it (or not bul. He was a professional world traveler, on the road one paying adequately, we are not sure which). year already and financing himself with the proceeds of lec- In any case, Sue put off the world traveler, hoping for tures and slide shows. Subsequently he brought out a large Lloyd’s return and a bolder refusal. We picked up riders sev- scrapbook in which were displayed pictures of himself with eral times on our trip, but except for the Turk who went with “significant” personalities around the world: “Here I am us to Trabzon, we never took anyone for long distances. It

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UCH_Apassage2india_v9.indd 11 12/19/12 1:08 PM would be a good man whom one could like after a day of that it might be all right for us. (Best place we’d seen since heat on those terrible roads. The ride to Kabul was over - Tehran.) She then ordered the servant into the kitchen to night besides, and we didn’t relish the prospect of having prepare tea sandwiches and, after having quieted our mis- to search for accommodations for a third person, when we givings about crashing the house this way, swept off gaily could simply stop anywhere. Meanwhile the Austrian fur- with her more difﬁdent young man. ther endeared himself to Sue by some authoritative lectur- ing on the atrocities which the Americans had committed against the Germans during the Second World War. AUGUST 20 / PESH AWAR

e had promised ourselves that the arrival in Pesha - AUGUST 18 / K ABUL war would be considered the official end of our jour- W ney. The last lap was easy. The road from Kabul to fter a day in Kandahar, we set out for Kabul, reach- Peshawar is much better than roads anywhere else in the ing it after dark. The marine guard at the embassy country. The last stretch is very attractive—instead of A told us that possibly the International Cooperation the flat, high plateau we finally found mountains. We fol- Administration (ICA) staff house might have some room, lowed the roaring Kabul River, a joy to our eyes after the but he couldn’t raise them by phone. We were already get- dry 2,000 miles before. ting ready to pull the curtains and sleep in the streets of We reached the Pakistan border at seven, when it legally Kabul, when it occurred to us to ask for directions to the closes, but border officials gave us sweet green tea and let staff house. We got some rather general ones and started us go on, along the marvelous blacktop road which starts prowling up and down alleys looking for it. Just as we were immediately on the other side of the Afghan border. They about to give up in a new burst of desperation, we heard provided us with a guard from the border constabulary, a laughing and English voices down the street—a somewhat tough-looking Pashtun in khaki shorts and shirt, a deco - entwined Western couple, who turned out to be young rated turban, bearing a rifle with fixed bayonet. Since the UNESCO personnel. They knew where the staff house car was full, he had to climb in next to Sue, which he accom- was and took us there. plished after a first attempt to climb with his heavy boots The UNESCO girl, who turned out to be endowed with on the seat and into the back. Through the Khyber, which limitless brass, commanded the Afghan who opened the takes a half an hour to cross, and into Peshawar, he kept his door to admit us all. “Where was the manager?” she in - heavy foot resolutely on Sue’s sandaled foot oblivious of her quired. “Miss Poindexter is asleep.” (It was then 8:30 p.m.) kicks at his ankle. “Wake her up!” “Oh no, Madame. Miss Poindexter would The Khyber is still not entirely safe, and frequently con- kill me.” “Well then, which of your rooms is empty? Where stabulary checkpoints have been erected to assure that no can these people sleep?” traveler is picked off by a roaring frontier tribe. The servant reluctantly allowed that one room was emp- Out of the pass we emerged into the flatlands below, ty. Our intrepid friend inspected it critically and conceded which looked more rich and fruitful in the dark than any -

photography courtesy lloyd and susanne rudolph susanne and lloyd courtesy photography thing we had known since the Black Sea. Here and there, we saw signs of a highly organized society, compared to those we had left: the cantonment signs, the Civil Lines, the sign “Government High School,” the blacktop roads, the sign to the railway retiring room, the little officialisms JUST AS WE WERE in language that showed the English stamp. We almost had tears in our eyes and did not condemn completely the colo- ABOUT TO GIVE UP nialism which had left such comforts. We drove straight to Dean’s Hotel, a hotel in the British- IN A NEW BURST OF Indian tradition, with fans, and dressing rooms, and flush toilets that worked, and a six-course menu. We were received into the gentle arms of a colonial-influenced civilization by DESPERATION, WE five white-turbaned hotel servants. When the dessert, an English sweet, was brought on, and the tea was served with HEARD LAUGHING AND a pitcher of hot milk, we drank to England and to Pakistan and celebrated our emergence from the underdeveloped ENGLISH VOICES. areas into the developed Indian subcontinent. ◆

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 37

UCH_Apassage2india_v8.indd 12 12/19/12 12:12 PM image courtesy isaac tobin isaac courtesy image

56 the university of chicago magazine | may–jun 2012

UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 44 12/14/12 4:47 PM

Above: A selection from a sketchbook Tobin Tobin sketchbook a from selection A Above: kept during a summer 2001 trip to Japan. PRESS

CHICAGO

UNIVERSITY

KELLY

COURTESY OVERS

JASON image courtesy isaac tobin isaac tobin courtesy isaac image courtesy image Isaac designs Tobin’s University for of Chicago Press books look. takedeeper to a readers provoke IMAGES BY de#ign UNDER THE

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UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 44 12/14/12 4:47 PM UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 45 12/14/12 4:47 PM image courtesy wayne state press

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UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 46 12/14/12 4:47 PM ------◆

, AM’74, PhD’85, , PhD’83, and English and women’s women’s and English and PhD’83, , Beth Fowkes Tobin Fowkes Beth Tobin considers himself an obsessive designer, and and designer, obsessive an himself considers Tobin Tablets and e-readers cede those decisions to the user, His approach to cover designs, on the other hand, Tobin developed his aesthetic sensibility at the A couple of Tobin’s favorite teachers at the Rhode parents his with Park Hyde visited Tobin kid, a As “Theytryingwere writeto books thatup wouldend labor-intensive technique. “Youfirst can’tglance what’s quitehappening,” tell on Tobin thatsays, “but hope fullyintriguingit’s enough thattake you another look, andkind leanof in even, tosee what’s happening.” he also focuses his intense attentions on a book’s inte rior. “It’s really important a is this work that and it reader both the aestheti in impression an creates cally book that is professional and trustworthy and smart,” says,“butalsohe can really verypractical a justin help, way, make the text readable and usable.” typeface The flexibil size. a and choose can often who ity is useful, Tobin acknowledges,altersthe but experience itthat fundamentallyworkshe tocreate in print. hasn’t changed even as Kindlespaper bonfire. Book have covers always sparked have had to work an ink andat reduced size, to be appealing from afar on a book shelf or to make attractive catalog displays. “Things likeandcolorshape,” Tobinsays, work to“can lot a do fromdistancea inor thumbnail.” a Rhode Island School of Design, graduating in 2002. Before that he went to Barack Obama’s Honolulu highschool—his parents, educational anthropologist Joseph Joseph J. Tobin wereUniversity Hawaiiof professors. Island School of Design happened to be book designers. Theirinfluencecareer—although a pursuehimastoled it he wonders if the impulse took root long before that. in the summers. Their luggage would include an empty suitcaseSeminarythefilltoat up Co-op.artan of More thanist something an academic, saw different in the he books than his parents did. But he has come to believe that they found shared inspiration on the store’s shelves.in that bookstore, so what could I do?”my case, Tobin that’s says. making “In the covers for them.” studies scholar scholar studies - - - - traces the the traces NG. I An Ethics of In Obsession IND OF Contemporary Athletics and An ’s ’s handwriting. On the cover of . N EVEN, TO SEE , about the ecological damage of popu I sets a noir mood with a light bulb dangling Nassef suggested an obsessive process she had used After getting the OK, it.” “we for just kind went of One of his best known covers, Tobin says, was a YOU TAKE ANOTHER YOU TAKE LOOK, AND K LEAN HAPPENWHAT’S cient Greek Ideals Greek cient manuscript, Post-it noted with the subtitle in author Wasted World Wasted lation growth and consumption, a plastic shopping bag wrinkles into a ghostly specter. terrogation wire,a fromilluminating darkness intosomething no brighter than gray. And the a marble reduce bust to smudged use with athletes modern that black eye the sun’s glare illustrates for in, trait social admired an and medical also history but of behavior that can be pathology, a clinical example, great athletes or artists. Because of thatparadox, Tobin could not reduceage the that subject would to allude an im to product a one be should cover the that connotation this had “So idea I stock. or the card other. thick obsession,”of says,he “rather than depictiona it.”of through pinpricks making before, that was idea this pitch to hard of kind it made “What you couldn’t really see what it looked like until it was done,” Tobin says. He presented a one-inch sample for approval with an appeal to imagine the finished product.Prick by painstaking prick, Nassef spelled outword OBSESSION,the which runs vertically the length of the cover. A pin rests just to the left, a clue to the tough sell. Lennard J. Davis’s Carol Fisher Saller ------Kama , but its . , but he always ’s graphic depic’s , Tobin created an Hung Like an Argentine New City named Tobin, sex—familiar skeletons The Dawn of the Deed Isaac Tobin Isaac The Dawn of the Deed Tyrannosaurus within—exposed the book’s scientific scientific book’s the within—exposed . The. University Chicagoof Press chose a Seniordesigner cover illustration went all the way Duck demuremore title, gist John A. Long’s book about the prehistoric originswascalledsex of n the original Australian edition, paleontolo tionof arranged in a way that suggests a fossil Sutra content and wry tone in a single image. It was The Subversive Copy Editor Since he joined the press in 2005, Tobin’s covers … “unexpected is that design a for strives Tobin For The covers that Tobin designs for the press usually As the deadline for the cover design loomed, To hassametheobjective: turn tovoyeuristic a impulse into deeper curiosity. But conveying dense academic detail in an arresting and attractive way can be a challenge. earn style, noteworthy with challenge that met have Artthefrominghonors Directors ClubAssociandthe ation of American Universityinannual Presses,anthologies. In 2010 and recognitionalso a prolific freelance designer, one of Chicago’s Lit 50, saying he “proves there’s hope yet for print media.” even sometimes a little bit challenging for the view er, that kind of causes you to stop even just for a few seconds to reconsider.” That strategy often results in coversthat are simple and approachable with layers to sift throughon the on closersurface, inspection. actual rubber-banded, binder-clipped, ink-stamped bin’s wife, illustrator Lauren Nassef, suggested that that suggested Nassef, Lauren illustrator wife, bin’s he add a black censor bar to conceal the pertinentbones. There wasn’t actually anything to hide;lusionthattherejustmighttemptationtheadded the be to il to peek under the cover. “It gave it a little more depth that then invites the reader to think, what’s behind thatbar? Inthis case, that’s kindfunny a of thought,” adds,says.But,Tobinhe “that really questiontheis of the book—what’s going on behind that bar?” appealsexlackthe of almost even more revealing. more almosteven image courtesy wayne state press I

40 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 41

UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 46 12/14/12 4:47 PM UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 47 12/14/12 4:47 PM Tobin Tobin estimates that he works on ChicagoPressUniversity of 40 to 30 a as more several and year, a books freelancer. He develops many potential designs cover for each title but ultimately presents only one for approval. A key element of the “making is says, process,he design take not to tempting It’s decisions. the responsibility to make the decision in the end. Sometimes I have trouble deciding, but I feel like it’s important.” image courtesy penguin press penguin courtesy image

42 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 48 12/18/12 4:32 PM Tobin Tobin estimates that he works on ChicagoPressUniversity of 40 to 30 a as more several and year, a books freelancer. He develops many potential designs cover for each title but ultimately presents only one for approval. A key element of the “making is says, process,he design take not to tempting It’s decisions. the responsibility to make the decision in the end. Sometimes I have trouble deciding, but I feel like it’s important.” image courtesy penguin press penguin courtesy image

42 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 43

UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 48 12/18/12 4:32 PM UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 49 12/14/12 4:48 PM 44 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 50 12/14/12 4:48 PM image courtesy venus febriculosa/print books febriculosa/print venus courtesy image

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UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 50 12/14/12 4:48 PM UCH_Tobin_v6.indd 51 12/14/12 4:48 PM collaboration TWILIGHT

ZONEExploring the attributes of low light, an architect and a physicist try to cultivate a dim awareness. BY LYDIALYLE GIBSON PHOTOGRAPHY BY JASON D. PAGE jasondpage.com

46 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_LowLight_v6.indd 1 12/19/12 11:50 AM collaboration TWILIGHTTWILIGHT

ZONEZONEExploring the attributes of low light, an architect and a physicist try to cultivate a dim awareness. BY LYDIALYLE GIBSON PHOTOGRAPHY BY JASON D. PAGE jasondpage.com

46 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_LowLight_v6.indd 1 12/19/12 11:50 AM UCH_LowLight_v5.indd 2 12/18/12 4:26 PM Using candles, smoke, and LEDs, students in Nagel and Carpenter’s class created installations exploring low light.

ou could feel the room shift as soon as you struggle and experiment with.” the lights went dim. It was the middle For Nagel and his coteacher, James Carpenter, the class of fall quarter, and in a basement class- itself was an experiment. And, not unintentionally, a bit of room of the Logan Center for the Arts, a struggle too. The Interaction of Light and Matter: Art and Sidney Nagel was starting off his stu- Science was listed in the course catalog under physics and the dents’ morning in a shroud of not-quite- arts, drawing students from both and neither. It was part of a total darkness. All fall, in teams of yearlong collaboration, sponsored by the University’s Gray three or four, they’d been working on Center for Arts and Inquiry, between Nagel, a physicist projects—an installation, an image, a and Chicago professor, and Carpenter, an artist and archi- device—meant to explore the particu- tect from New York. The two have been friends for several lar qualities of low light. This was the years, ever since Carpenter, by an odd coincidence, got invit- class’s only assignment, and Nagel worried that the stu - ed to speak at a conference marking Nagel’s 60th birthday. dents might be getting caught up more in the idea of light His presentation offered a description of his design work, Yitself: their works in progress so far showed more sunshine which is based in light. For Carpenter, light—its shape and than moonlight. “Everyone seems a little bit unsure of what scope, its abundance or scarcity, its clarity or cloudiness— you’re supposed to be experiencing,” Nagel said, heading can be worked and honed and put to use almost like any other for the light switch. “If I say low light, what’s the ﬁrst thing building material. His birthday talk was called “The Struc- that comes to mind?” The room went dark. ture of Transparency.”“Absolutely splendid title,” Nagel There was a murmur, and then a pause. “It’s more inti - says. “The whole thing blew me away.” mate,” offered one student. “Quiet,” said another. Some- one mentioned feeling solemn, another relaxed. Another felt uncertain, his words suddenly seeming “less true,” his surroundings less concrete. For half an hour, students tossed out thoughts and observations, sometimes almost whispering as they spiraled deeper into the question of MANY COMPLEX light within darkness: the gloom and stillness of winter, photography by kartik prabhu kartik by photography the beauty and impermanence of twilight. Even shadows, PHENOMENA ARE one woman said, are “there and moving and gone.” Nagel noted the graceful ephemerality of leaﬂess trees silhou- etted against a low-lit, heavy sky. Recalling certain rare SO FAMILIAR THAT daybreaks back home in LA and the particular slant of Chicago’s fall sunsets, one student concluded, “There’s WE HARDLY REALIZE this magical thing that happens when the sun sinks low and sneaks into our lives, almost.” THEY DEFY OUR “OK,” Nagel said a few minutes later, as the classroom

fell back into silence. “So these are things we’d like to see NORMAL INTUITION. photography by sidney nagel and itai cohen

48 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_LowLight_v7.indd 3 12/19/12 1:30 PM Studying splashes, Nagel photographed a glycerol droplet breaking apart. “Aesthetic beauty,” he says, is “part of what makes me human.”

beauty and elegance of physical phenomena. His black-and-white photographs of falling glycerol droplets and oil-and-water emulsions cover the walls of his office, and some are in the Smart Museum’s per- manent collection. “I want to make sure that what I do is important to the physics, Using candles, smoke, and LEDs, students in Nagel and Carpenter’s class created installations exploring low light. but if I can bring out the aesthetic beauty of it, that’s equally important to me,” he says. “It’s part of what makes me human.” Both men have also centered their professional lives around the close observation of everyday events, mining new meaning from experiences the rest of us ou could feel the room shift as soon as you struggle and experiment with.” take for granted. “Many complex phe- the lights went dim. It was the middle For Nagel and his coteacher, James Carpenter, the class nomena are so familiar that we hardly of fall quarter, and in a basement class- itself was an experiment. And, not unintentionally, a bit of realize that they defy our normal intu- room of the Logan Center for the Arts, a struggle too. The Interaction of Light and Matter: Art and ition,” reads the homepage of Nagel’s Sidney Nagel was starting off his stu- Science was listed in the course catalog under physics and the laboratory website. An experimental dents’ morning in a shroud of not-quite- arts, drawing students from both and neither. It was part of a condensed-matter physicist, he studies total darkness. All fall, in teams of yearlong collaboration, sponsored by the University’s Gray the “cascade of structure” contained in three or four, they’d been working on Center for Arts and Inquiry, between Nagel, a physicist the drizzles from a spoonful of honey, the projects—an installation, an image, a and Chicago professor, and Carpenter, an artist and archi- molecular disarray concealed in a pane device—meant to explore the particu- tect from New York. The two have been friends for several of glass, how droplets form and fall and lar qualities of low light. This was the years, ever since Carpenter, by an odd coincidence, got invit- splash, and why sand sometimes flows class’s only assignment, and Nagel worried that the stu - ed to speak at a conference marking Nagel’s 60th birthday. like liquid. dents might be getting caught up more in the idea of light His presentation offered a description of his design work, For two whole years Nagel stared at Yitself: their works in progress so far showed more sunshine which is based in light. For Carpenter, light—its shape and coffee stains, trying to figure out why than moonlight. “Everyone seems a little bit unsure of what scope, its abundance or scarcity, its clarity or cloudiness— spills dry with a dark ring around the you’re supposed to be experiencing,” Nagel said, heading can be worked and honed and put to use almost like any other edge. Shouldn’t they evaporate more for the light switch. “If I say low light, what’s the first thing building material. His birthday talk was called “The Struc- evenly, he wondered, or with the dark - that comes to mind?” The room went dark. ture of Transparency.”“Absolutely splendid title,” Nagel est spot in the center? And yet, every There was a murmur, and then a pause. “It’s more inti - says. “The whole thing blew me away.” liquid Nagel tried—milk, blood, ink, mate,” offered one student. “Quiet,” said another. Some- paint, oil, alcohol—dried this same way, one mentioned feeling solemn, another relaxed. Another with an emptied-out center and a thick, felt uncertain, his words suddenly seeming “less true,” dark edge. “This is a piece of nature that his surroundings less concrete. For half an hour, students is confronting us every single day,” he tossed out thoughts and observations, sometimes almost told his students the first week of class. whispering as they spiraled deeper into the question of MANY COMPLEX In a simple observation, he had found light within darkness: the gloom and stillness of winter, rom the beginning, their collaboration pushed the “a new piece of physics.” photography by kartik prabhu prabhu kartik by kartik by photography photography the beauty and impermanence of twilight. Even shadows, PHENOMENA ARE scientist and the artist into an uneasy exploration of If Nagel’s work looks at the everyday and asks why, one woman said, are “there and moving and gone.” Nagel territory neither quite knew how to navigate. But in Carpenter’s looks at it and asks what else might be seen noted the graceful ephemerality of leafless trees silhou- SO FAMILIAR THAT F a way, it seems only natural that Nagel and Carpen- there. “There’s this huge wealth of information that’s al- etted against a low-lit, heavy sky. Recalling certain rare ter would wind up working together. For one thing, each ways in front of us,” he says, and people only perceive the daybreaks back home in LA and the particular slant of has a toe in the other’s field: with a background in chemis - narrowest sliver of it. In his work he tries to capture and Chicago’s fall sunsets, one student concluded, “There’s WE HARDLY REALIZE try and biology, Carpenter creates artwork with a scientific “re-present” what often lies just beyond our attention: a this magical thing that happens when the sun sinks low and disposition, using mirrors and prisms and lenses to manip- leaf, a sky, a shadow, a splinter of light. For a 1978 film sneaks into our lives, almost.” THEY DEFY OUR ulate sunlight and atmospheric effects. “The best visitor installation called Migration, Carpenter set up cameras “OK,” Nagel said a few minutes later, as the classroom in my lab we’ve ever had,” Nagel says. “He asked the best along a small river flowing into Puget Sound and record- fell back into silence. “So these are things we’d like to see NORMAL INTUITION. photographyphotography by sidney by sidney nagel and nagel itai and cohen itai cohenquestions.” Nagel, meanwhile, finds himself drawn to the ed the movement of salmon from one camera to the next.

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UCH_LowLight_v7.indd 3 12/19/12 1:30 PM UCH_LowLight_v5.indd 4 12/18/12 4:26 PM Carpenter designed the skin of Seven World Trade Cen- ter to aract and reﬂect light in its dense neighborhood.

Projecting the whole film onto a gallery floor, he slowed unnecessary and a distraction from the real task at hand, down the speed, holding the images a little longer. “As which was taken to be intellectual scholarship. And I think soon as you do that, you see that the same piece of film a number of us on the faculty,” says Levin, who teaches has another layer of information in it,” Carpenter told an in Germanic studies and cinema and media studies, “felt audience at the School of the Art Institute during a talk that art was not marginal to our work, but absolutely es- he and Nagel gave in October. “You realize after a few sential.” Part of the Gray Center’s purpose is to bear out moments that you’re also looking at a perfect reflection that claim, to show that “transformative, experimental of the sky overhead.” thinking” takes place between scholars and artists. Levin Carpenter’s projects often prompt that kind of real - calls Nagel’s collaboration with Carpenter an “encapsula- ization, the sudden awareness of something visible but tion” of the center’s project: a partnership between two unseen. In college he studied architecture and sculpture, accomplished professionals that is “unfamiliar and risky” emerging with a degree in the latter, but his true fixation for both. “That’s fundamentally the charge of the Gray was the study of light and how it defines the experience Center,” Levin says, “to bring about collaborations that of place. With his firm, James Carpenter Design Associ- are scary for both parties.” ates, he constructed a window for a seminary chapel in Beyond that, the rules are minimal. Jettisoning what Indianapolis that casts silhouettes from the landscape Levin calls the “bottom-line pressure” to produce a per- outside—clouds, trees, birds in flight—onto an interior formance or publication or conference, the Gray Center wall; bars of light, shifting as the sun moves from one ho- doesn’t require its collaborators to come up with any of rizon to the other, shimmer across the chapel’s cross. For those things, though many of them have and will. “We a private home in Minneapolis, Carpenter transformed felt that collaborations like the one between Sid and Jamie a window looking out on a neighbor’s fence into a “peri- don’t operate at their best when they’re under pressure to scope” that collects its view instead from the sky and the produce,” Levin says. “I really don’t know what they will canopy of a nearby tree. Designing the outer envelope produce, and I don’t want to force that question prema- for Seven World Trade Center, the first building to go turely. They have interests that they share, and where that up at Ground Zero, Carpenter embedded stainless steel takes them is the job of the collaboration.” prisms in the surface to attract light that wouldn’t otherwise reach the densely surrounded building, drawing it out of the shadows. he first place it took them was to Greenland. In De- Carpenter also designed the three Midway crossings to cember 2011, around the time of the winter solstice, light pedestrians’ paths between the north and south ends the darkest period of the year, Nagel and Carpenter of campus. As the sun sets, tall masts of LED illumina- T spent four days in Nuuk, Greenland’s capital city. tion gleam upward from widened sidewalks. The “light Carpenter was there to research a future project; an admir- bridges,” as they’re commonly called, evoke Edward Law er of winter’s gray, Nagel came along for the exploration. Olmsted’s 1871 plans, never realized, that envisioned the “To look at light when there wasn’t much of it,” Nagel says. Midway as a Venetian canal connecting the lagoons of Jack- There was never much of it—and what there was was most- son and Washington Parks. At night, the bridges seem ally gray. Daybreak came at around 10:30 a.m. each day, and most to be floating above a dark sea. within four hours the sky was dark again. They tromped through snowdrifts and watched the sun tilt along its tiny arc at the base of the horizon. At night they could see slabs

agel and Carpenter’s collaboration is one of sev- of ice slipping out to sea in the darkness beyond the fjords. associates design carpenter james eral under way or upcoming between artists and Nagel noticed that the light seemed more polarized than in academics—a choreographer and a group of music Chicago. Carpenter noticed that the sky seemed brighter N PhDs, a ﬁlmmaker and a ﬁlm historian—sponsored up toward the North Pole. “Which you would assume by the Gray Center, an initiative launched in 2011 to expand would be darkness,” he says. the pursuit of the arts on campus. Like the Logan Center, One day, the two of them borrowed a car and toured the Gray Center emerged in part as a response to a 2001 re- around the city, to explore the light from different angles. port on the future of the arts at Chicago. As Gray Center “The people said, ‘Here’s a car; you won’t get lost,’” Na- director David Levin puts it, the report “noted that histori- gel recalls. “And that’s absolutely true, because there’s no cally at the University, the arts had been marginalized, not way of getting outside of Nuuk.” All the roads turn back on just to their discredit, but to the University’s discredit.” themselves. “You can’t go from Nuuk to someplace else,” Largely, the arts were considered “something that was he says; beyond the city it’s ice and wilderness. Another

50 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_LowLight_v7.indd 5 12/19/12 1:32 PM Carpenter designed the skin of Seven World Trade Cen- ter to aract and reﬂect light in its dense neighborhood.

agel and Carpenter’s collaboration is one of sev- of ice slipping out to sea in the darkness beyond the fjords. associates design associates design carpenter carpenter james james eral under way or upcoming between artists and Nagel noticed that the light seemed more polarized than in academics—a choreographer and a group of music Chicago. Carpenter noticed that the sky seemed brighter N PhDs, a ﬁlmmaker and a ﬁlm historian—sponsored up toward the North Pole. “Which you would assume by the Gray Center, an initiative launched in 2011 to expand would be darkness,” he says. the pursuit of the arts on campus. Like the Logan Center, One day, the two of them borrowed a car and toured the Gray Center emerged in part as a response to a 2001 re- around the city, to explore the light from different angles. port on the future of the arts at Chicago. As Gray Center “The people said, ‘Here’s a car; you won’t get lost,’” Na- director David Levin puts it, the report “noted that histori- gel recalls. “And that’s absolutely true, because there’s no cally at the University, the arts had been marginalized, not way of getting outside of Nuuk.” All the roads turn back on just to their discredit, but to the University’s discredit.” themselves. “You can’t go from Nuuk to someplace else,” Largely, the arts were considered “something that was he says; beyond the city it’s ice and wilderness. Another

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UCH_LowLight_v7.indd 5 12/19/12 1:32 PM UCH_LowLight_v5.indd 6 12/18/12 5:13 PM photography by tom rossiter

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UCH_LowLight_v5.indd 7 12/18/12 4:42 PM The tall silver masts of Carpenter’s pedestrian “light bridges” on the Midway glow as the sun sets.

day, they hiked up a hill away from town and took a pho- one of you should be inside your comfort zone right tograph that Nagel is still trying to figure out. It’s a picture now,” Nagel said, calling the class to order on the of a hole in the snow. “We put the tripod leg into the snow first day. “The scientists should be trying to think this deep,” Nagel says, holding his fingers a couple of inches N in terms of the art, and the artists should be trying apart, “and then we look in, and it”—the snow—“is abso- to think in terms of the science. This is not easy.” About lutely blue. Nuts. Pale blue. And it was unmistakable.” 20 people signed up for the course—MFA students, phys- “Yes, it wasn’t subtle,” chimes Carpenter. ics PhD students, undergrads studying science, math, art, “No, it wasn’t a subtle effect.” English, psychology, public policy—none of them quite “Totally blue.” knowing what to expect. Week after week, while Carpen- But why? Nagel doesn’t know. “Well, water is blue,” he ter and Nagel offered lessons on refraction, interference, says. “This is what we’re told.” And to some extent that’s polarization, and the behavior of what Carpenter calls true. “Water is slightly blue. It absorbs a little bit of red, “volumetric light,” interdisciplinary teams of students because of the vibrations in water and the infrared, ... and toiled away on their final projects. They experimented what comes back is more blue,” Nagel says, unspooling. with candlelight, underwater illumination, LEDs, infra- “But I can look through a glass of water that same thick- red light, sodium lights, and smoke. Nagel and Carpenter ness and it’s not blue.” He believes something else must be kept urging them to dig deeper, to loosen their imagina- going on. “There’s also this thing,” Carpenter offers, “that tions and hone their observations, to move beyond science there’s more blue light available at that high latitude.” On projects and artistic concepts. the southwestern coast of Greenland, Nuuk is just 150 miles As the quarter wound past midterms, Nagel asked stu - from the Arctic Circle. Nagel notes that the underbellies of dents a question he and Carpenter had been asking them- glaciers are deep blue, but adds that that’s partly a function selves for almost a year, and for which they had not yet of intense compression. “It’s a mystery.” found an answer: had they found common ground? Was By the time Nagel and Carpenter arrived home, the idea there any? For some the answer was yes. Science and art are for the class was starting to take shape: a course exploring both extensions of philosophy, one student said, of human the physics and aesthetics of low light, especially natural attempts to answer the oldest questions, to discover some- light. They’d ask students to make close observations, to thing new about the world—and report back. To one phys- pay attention to their senses and perceptions. And they’d ics graduate student, an arts-major classmate describing teach it in the receding light of fall. his improvisation with a paint canvas sounded very much like a scientist in the lab. “Scientists also improvise,” he said. “They brainstorm, they stumble around, they make inspired leaps that have no rationale in the beginning.” Others, though, had struggled. Science students found themselves sometimes mere engineers of their arts class- THE SCIENTISTS mates’ brainstorms; artists found themselves intimidated by the enormous complexity of the science. “We catch SHOULD BE TRYING ourselves talking past each other,” said one physics PhD student of his teammate, a scupltor. A film MFA student said he and his team had found difficulty in “moving be- TO THINK IN TERMS yond phenomena and taking that next step” into art. “That whole process of thinking and rethinking is interesting. OF THE ART, AND And kind of a struggle.” There was real frustration in their voices, and real effort. You could sense them reaching be- THE ARTISTS SHOULD yond themselves, leaving the comfort of their expertise. “There’s no clear path,” someone said. BE TRYING TO THINK Perhaps not, but there is always the journey ahead, the exploration. “Some of you talk about science as this certain process,” Carpenter, who’d been listening to the discussion, IN TERMS OF THE finally said. “I think it’s closer to art, where you’re trying to arrive at an understanding, the exploration of a concept.” In SCIENCE. THIS IS both, “there are many, many false starts, and then eventually ... you cast away your immediate ideas and arrive at something

photographyphotography by tom rossiter by tom rossiter NOT EASY. that’s more coherent—a solution, a resolution.” The light. ◆

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UCH_LowLight_v5.indd 7 12/18/12 4:42 PM UCH_LowLight_v7.indd 8 12/19/12 1:32 PM ethic# NEEDLE AND

THREATThe road to safe, reliable bioweapon vaccines for children is fraught with ethical peril. On campus last fall, experts began to plot it out. BY RICHARD MERTENS

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UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 1 12/19/12 5:06 PM ethic# NEEDLENEEDLE ANDAND

THREATTHREATThe road to safe, reliable bioweapon vaccines for children is fraught with ethical peril. On campus last fall, experts began to plot it out. BY RICHARD MERTENS

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UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 1 12/19/12 5:06 PM UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 2 12/19/12 5:07 PM n October 2, 2001, a 63-year-old Florida Kilbride-Clinton professor of medicine and ethics in the man who worked at a media company medical and divinity schools and a member of the Presiden- in Boca Raton arrived at a local hospital tial Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues. “One of with a fever and what health officials later them is to help children and protect them from these kinds described as an “altered mental status.” of harms, which can only go forward through research. He was given antibiotics but died three The other is to protect children from the possibility of be- days later. An autopsy revealed that the ing exploited by research. In both cases we want to protect cause was anthrax. children. The question is how to balance the two.” Anthrax is a bacterium that most often This dilemma was confronted at the University of Chi- infects animals, both domestic and wild, cago in early November, where the commission gathered and people who live or work around ani- for its third public meeting about trials of biological coun- mals. Cases in the United States are rare. Occasionally, termeasures on children. It is, in many ways, the ultimate workers are exposed to anthrax from animal hides. An- exercise in applied ethics. In October 2011, the National Othrax is not contagious, but in some forms it is extremely Biodefense Science Board recommended that the gov- deadly. When inhaled by humans, anthrax spores lead to ernment go ahead with the trials—but only after seeking death about 75 percent of the time. guidance on whether such research was ethical. Kathleen Four more people died that autumn after inhaling anthrax Sebelius, secretary of the Department of Health and Hu- spores that appeared to have arrived in the mail. The investi- man Services, asked the commission to make a recom - gation was closed in 2010, two years after the FBI’s chief sus- mendation, not only for testing anthrax vaccine, but also pect committed suicide, but the attacks thrust bioterrorism for other methods of treating children who may be at risk into the national consciousness. They inspired new govern- from bioterrorist attacks or naturally occurring epidemics. ment efforts to find ways to protect the American people— It’s a tall order. National advisory committees on bio- and persistent criticism that the government was not doing ethics have existed for almost 40 years and have exerted enough. In its 2010 report card, the Commission on the Pre- a profound influence on federal policy. Under George W. vention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Bush, the President’s Council on Bioethics, whose mem - Terrorism, a congressionally appointed group that has been bers included University of Chicago professors Leon Kass, among the loudest in sounding the bioterrorism alarm, gave U-High’54, SB’58, MD’62, and Janet Rowley, U-H igh’4 2 , the US government an F in developing medical countermea- PhB’45, SB’46, MD’48, took up highly controversial is- sures, noting “the lack of US capability to rapidly recognize, sues, including the ethics of research on embryonic stem respond, and recover from a biological attack.” cells. Under Barack Obama, the commission has steered In the past two years, federal efforts to prepare for such clear of beginning-of-life controversies. It has instead an attack have raised ethical concerns about how to protect tackled problems such as privacy and genomic research, children. In case of an attack, the Department of Health synthetic biology and new technology, and the ethics of re- and Human Services has plans to distribute an anthrax vac- search into sexually transmitted disease in Guatemala by cine that provides protection against the deadly bacteria. the US Public Health Service in the 1940s. This anthrax Millions of doses are already stockpiled. The vaccine has testing issue, said Sulmasy, who is also associate director been approved for use by adults—it has already been given of the University’s MacLean Center for Clinical Medical to more than a million members of the armed forces—but Ethics, is especially “thorny and ambiguous.” mccarthy martin by illustration opening has never been tested on children. Now the government is considering testing the anthrax vaccine on a small group of children in the hope that, should he problem came into sharp focus in 2011 when fed- an attack occur, doctors, public-health officials, and par- eral, state, and local officials tested what would ents will know that the vaccine is safe and effective for chil- happen if terrorists released airborne anthrax in dren. But the proposal has raised the concerns of ethicists T San Francisco, a metropolitan area of 7.6 million who question whether the risks posed by such research people. The results of the exercise, called Dark Zephyr, would meet decades-old guidelines, some of them unclear alarmed them. According to the National Biodefense Sci - and open to interpretation, for safeguarding the subjects ence Board, “The health effects of the hypothetical attack of medical research. Such concerns are heightened when overwhelmed hospital resources over a large area, and subjects are unlikely ever to need the vaccine that is being produced many cases of disease and many deaths, includ- tested on them and when subjects cannot consent. ing children.” “There are two goods,” says Daniel Sulmasy, the Officials were especially shaken by the degree of vul-

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UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 3 12/19/12 5:07 PM n October 2, 2001, a 63-year-old Florida Kilbride-Clinton professor of medicine and ethics in the nerability of children. At the bioethics commission’s first experience with adults suggests that it would be. Answer- man who worked at a media company medical and divinity schools and a member of the Presiden- meeting on the subject last May, member Alexander Garza, ing these questions requires research. in Boca Raton arrived at a local hospital tial Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues. “One of chief medical officer in the Department of Homeland Secu- with a fever and what health officials later them is to help children and protect them from these kinds rity, spoke about Dark Zephyr. When the question arose of described as an “altered mental status.” of harms, which can only go forward through research. how to protect children after the simulated attack, he said, odern ethical thinking on the protection of re- He was given antibiotics but died three The other is to protect children from the possibility of be- “there was no answer, which for us as decision makers in search subjects dates to the Nuremberg trials. days later. An autopsy revealed that the ing exploited by research. In both cases we want to protect the US government, is not a good answer.” A response to the experiments of Nazi doctors, cause was anthrax. children. The question is how to balance the two.” What makes anthrax so worrisome to the government is M the Nuremberg Code sought to prevent testing Anthrax is a bacterium that most often This dilemma was confronted at the University of Chi- that it is relatively easy to obtain, weaponize, and deploy. on research subjects without their voluntary consent. In infects animals, both domestic and wild, cago in early November, where the commission gathered Spores can travel hundreds of miles in the air and remain the 1970s, the National Commission for the Protection of and people who live or work around ani- for its third public meeting about trials of biological coun- dormant in the soil for years. An anthrax weapon requires Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research mals. Cases in the United States are rare. Occasionally, termeasures on children. It is, in many ways, the ultimate little advanced equipment or knowledge. “Any country established principles that still guide biomedical research. workers are exposed to anthrax from animal hides. An- exercise in applied ethics. In October 2011, the National with basic health care or a basic pharmaceutical industry Three stand out above all: respect for persons; beneficence, Othrax is not contagious, but in some forms it is extremely Biodefense Science Board recommended that the gov- has the expertise to produce anthrax,” according to The or promoting the good of others; and justice, or ensuring that deadly. When inhaled by humans, anthrax spores lead to ernment go ahead with the trials—but only after seeking Encyclopedia of Infectious Diseases. If the spores were spread the risks and benefits of research are apportioned fairly. death about 75 percent of the time. guidance on whether such research was ethical. Kathleen over a populated area, the government says, the results Medical research on children is also addressed in fed - Four more people died that autumn after inhaling anthrax Sebelius, secretary of the Department of Health and Hu- would be devastating. eral regulations. But the regulations on this subject are spores that appeared to have arrived in the mail. The investi- man Services, asked the commission to make a recom - Anthrax is treatable, but only through a grueling 60-day spare and sometimes confusing. They speak of following gation was closed in 2010, two years after the FBI’s chief sus- mendation, not only for testing anthrax vaccine, but also course of antibiotics. And because the spores can linger for “ethical principles” without identifying those principles, pect committed suicide, but the attacks thrust bioterrorism for other methods of treating children who may be at risk months or even years and are easily stirred up again into the and use ambiguous terms—for example, “a minor increase into the national consciousness. They inspired new govern- from bioterrorist attacks or naturally occurring epidemics. air, antibiotics offer only partial protection. People at risk over minimal risk”—without defining them. In the Divin- ment efforts to find ways to protect the American people— It’s a tall order. National advisory committees on bio- of exposure need the protection of a vaccine. ity School’s vaulted third-floor lecture hall last November, and persistent criticism that the government was not doing ethics have existed for almost 40 years and have exerted One vaccine has been available since the 1950s. Since 1998 the commissioners parsed those regulations like Talmudic enough. In its 2010 report card, the Commission on the Pre- a profound influence on federal policy. Under George W. it has been administered to American soldiers. According to scholars, trying to discover their meaning. The commis - vention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Bush, the President’s Council on Bioethics, whose mem - the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there is no sion has traditionally met in Washington, but under its Terrorism, a congressionally appointed group that has been bers included University of Chicago professors Leon Kass, evidence that the anthrax vaccine causes long-term health new chair, Amy Gutmann, president of the University of among the loudest in sounding the bioterrorism alarm, gave U-High’54, SB’58, MD’62, and Janet Rowley, U-H igh’4 2 , problems in adults. Its side effects are familiar to anyone Pennsylvania, it has taken its meetings on the road. “It is the US government an F in developing medical countermea- PhB’45, SB’46, MD’48, took up highly controversial is- who has received a flu shot: a sore arm and maybe temporary important to make it clear we’re not an inside-the-beltway sures, noting “the lack of US capability to rapidly recognize, sues, including the ethics of research on embryonic stem fatigue and headaches. In fewer than one in 100,000 cases, commission,” she said. respond, and recover from a biological attack.” cells. Under Barack Obama, the commission has steered the vaccine produces a severe allergic reaction. The thirteen people on the commission come from di- In the past two years, federal efforts to prepare for such clear of beginning-of-life controversies. It has instead A vaccine would only be used in the event of an attack. verse backgrounds, including the military, academia, and an attack have raised ethical concerns about how to protect tackled problems such as privacy and genomic research, But as of now, there’s no way of knowing whether the vac- government. Several are doctors and public-health of- children. In case of an attack, the Department of Health synthetic biology and new technology, and the ethics of re- cine would be effective for children, or at what doses. Nor ficials; two are university presidents. Members include and Human Services has plans to distribute an anthrax vac- search into sexually transmitted disease in Guatemala by is it known whether the vaccine would be safe, although professional bioethicists like Sulmasy, lawyers, and activ- cine that provides protection against the deadly bacteria. the US Public Health Service in the 1940s. This anthrax ists. Lonnie Ali, wife of Muhammad Ali, is an advocate Millions of doses are already stockpiled. The vaccine has testing issue, said Sulmasy, who is also associate director for victims of Parkinson’s disease. Over two days, the been approved for use by adults—it has already been given of the University’s MacLean Center for Clinical Medical commission heard from experts in public health, homeland to more than a million members of the armed forces—but Ethics, is especially “thorny and ambiguous.” mccarthy mccarthy martin by martin by illustration illustration opening opening security, medicine, and research ethics as they grappled has never been tested on children. with what current guidelines might mean in the context of Now the government is considering testing the anthrax THERE WAS NO anthrax and other biological weapons. vaccine on a small group of children in the hope that, should he problem came into sharp focus in 2011 when fed- Federal regulations “are completely unhelpful when it an attack occur, doctors, public-health officials, and par- eral, state, and local officials tested what would ANSWER, WHICH comes to actually figuring out what questions to ask and ents will know that the vaccine is safe and effective for chil- happen if terrorists released airborne anthrax in how to approach them,” complained John Arras, a profes- dren. But the proposal has raised the concerns of ethicists T San Francisco, a metropolitan area of 7.6 million FOR US AS DECISION sor of philosophy and biomedical ethics at the University of who question whether the risks posed by such research people. The results of the exercise, called Dark Zephyr, Virginia. Still, the commission was determined not to try would meet decades-old guidelines, some of them unclear alarmed them. According to the National Biodefense Sci - to supplant the regulations but to build an ethical frame- and open to interpretation, for safeguarding the subjects ence Board, “The health effects of the hypothetical attack MAKERS IN THE US work that might expand and clarify them. of medical research. Such concerns are heightened when overwhelmed hospital resources over a large area, and One point on which the regulations are clear: they recog- subjects are unlikely ever to need the vaccine that is being produced many cases of disease and many deaths, includ- GOVERNMENT, IS NOT nize two fundamentally different kinds of research. In one, tested on them and when subjects cannot consent. ing children.” the subjects are likely to benefit from the research. Many “There are two goods,” says Daniel Sulmasy, the Officials were especially shaken by the degree of vul- A GOOD ANSWER. vaccines fall into this category, such as those for common

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UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 3 12/19/12 5:07 PM UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 4 12/19/12 5:07 PM illnesses like the flu. But in some circumstances the law tested would not benefit from the research. The second does allow children to participate in research that is un- was to determine what circumstances might justify such likely to benefit them. In such cases the research must be testing—under what conditions would it be ethical to ask “of vital importance” and expose children to only a “minor parents to place their child at some risk? Through long and increase over minimal risk.” sometimes technical discussions, the commissioners kept At the commission’s first meeting on anthrax in May, circling back to these two fundamental questions. several experts told the commission they would not recom- Sonja Rasmussen, deputy director of the Influenza Co- mend testing an anthrax vaccine on children now—at least ordination Unit at the Centers for Disease Control and Pre- not until more was known about the risks involved. One of vention, suggested a reason for testing the anthrax vaccine them, David DeGrazia, AB’83, a professor of philosophy at on children now. In the case of an attack somewhere in the George Washington University, urged commissioners to United States, she said, “I think it would be really hard to avoid the temptation to simply weigh the risks to child re- convince people to give their children a vaccine that you search subjects against the potential benefits to millions of can say had never been tested in children at all.” children who might be helped by the research. “I continue to resist the image of rights as something just to be balanced against goals,” he said. lan Fleischman, a clinical professor of pediatrics But members had also heard powerful appeals to do more at Yeshiva University’s Albert Einstein College to protect children from potentially devastating attacks of Medicine, traced the history of ethical thinking and epidemics. “I think that we have an obligation to keep A about research on children, then outlined a set of America’s children safe,” said Michael Anderson, a pediat- principles under which research might proceed—including a rics professor at Case Western Reserve University, medical slightly higher threshold of risk, what he called “a little more officer of the National Disaster Medical System in the De- than a minor increase of minimal risk.” partment of Health and Human Services, and representative “I might move that line just a little bit,” he said, “if I re - of the American Academy of Pediatrics. “What’s concern- ally thought that there would be thousands of children dead ing to me about the hypothetical ‘God forbid’ scenario … is, because of an attack in New York City. But I wouldn’t move yeah, we’ll give out vaccine and antibiotics based upon what it all the way to a likelihood of death in the trial or the likeli- we know. We don’t know anything. What dose do we give hood of disability. ... I certainly would allow for the poten- to a six-year-old? Is it 1/70th per kilo? Is it 1/18th per year?” tial for some pain, a potential for some redness, a potential These two contrasting positions were revisited in many for significant swelling, potential for the child not going to forms at Swift Hall as commission members looked for school for a few days. ... And, we always know that with ways to reconcile them. They expressed concern for the proteins we may have a specific child who has a specific re- need to encourage more medical research on children and action to the protein, and, therefore, I would want to set up worried lest they be overly protective. The challenge was the trial so that pediatricians and nurses were with those twofold. First, to decide what amount of risk might be al- children.” lowed in biomedical research in which the children being Behind much of November’s debate lay important philosophical issues. At one point the philosophers on the commission, including Sulmasy, led a discussion of Kant’s ethical imperative to treat persons as ends, not means, and what implications that directive might have for injecting children with an anthrax vaccine. Indeed, commissioners YEAH, WE’LL GIVE had tentatively included a statement of that principle in the masthead of the recommendations they were developing. OUT VACCINE AND But several worried that focusing too much on individual rights would slight other ethical principles that might mo- ANTIBIOTICS BASED tivate a parent to allow a child to participate in a trial. Vari- ous communitarian principles might do so, they suggested: patriotism, altruism, and community solidarity, for exam- UPON WHAT WE KNOW. ple. Bruce Lockwood, the deputy director of emergency management in Hartford, Connecticut, told commission- WE DON’T KNOW ers that, in his view, first responders would be willing to allow their children to take part in anthrax research. ANYTHING. Beyond the central philosophical questions, other dif-

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UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 5 12/19/12 5:07 PM illnesses like the flu. But in some circumstances the law tested would not benefit from the research. The second community engagement as a part of any ethical framework does allow children to participate in research that is un- was to determine what circumstances might justify such NOT EVERYTHING for testing and deploying vaccines. likely to benefit them. In such cases the research must be testing—under what conditions would it be ethical to ask Some of the uncertainties surrounding the anthrax vac- “of vital importance” and expose children to only a “minor parents to place their child at some risk? Through long and cine, the commission noted, are less ethical than epistemo- increase over minimal risk.” sometimes technical discussions, the commissioners kept IS GOING TO WORK logical—some basic facts aren’t known to them. What, for At the commission’s first meeting on anthrax in May, circling back to these two fundamental questions. example, is the real risk of an anthrax attack? “Homeland several experts told the commission they would not recom- Sonja Rasmussen, deputy director of the Influenza Co- OUT THE WAY YOU Security knows but it’s not sharing anything with us,” Ar- mend testing an anthrax vaccine on children now—at least ordination Unit at the Centers for Disease Control and Pre- ras said later. “It’s kind of a shot in the dark there.” not until more was known about the risks involved. One of vention, suggested a reason for testing the anthrax vaccine EXPECT IT, AND Garza, a former battalion surgeon who commanded spe- them, David DeGrazia, AB’83, a professor of philosophy at on children now. In the case of an attack somewhere in the cial attention for the practical perspective he offered, said George Washington University, urged commissioners to United States, she said, “I think it would be really hard to YOU HAVE TO BE the risk of an attack is difficult to quantify; the likelihood avoid the temptation to simply weigh the risks to child re- convince people to give their children a vaccine that you is low, but the potential for harm is enormous. Moreover, search subjects against the potential benefits to millions of can say had never been tested in children at all.” he said, such threats are by their nature unpredictable. He children who might be helped by the research. “I continue PREPARED FOR THAT. noted during a break that the H1N1 pandemic had caught to resist the image of rights as something just to be balanced officials by surprise; they were expecting an epidemic of against goals,” he said. lan Fleischman, a clinical professor of pediatrics avian flu. “Not everything is going to work out the way you But members had also heard powerful appeals to do more at Yeshiva University’s Albert Einstein College ficulties arose. Federal regulations allow the nonthera- expect it,” he said, “and you have to be prepared for that.” to protect children from potentially devastating attacks of Medicine, traced the history of ethical thinking peutic testing of children when knowledge is of “vital The commission expects to finish its work in January and and epidemics. “I think that we have an obligation to keep A about research on children, then outlined a set of importance.” But what are matters of vital importance? send its recommendations to Sebelius. Judging from this America’s children safe,” said Michael Anderson, a pediat- principles under which research might proceed—including a And who decides? Commissioners were also concerned meeting, it will not attempt a definite yes or no on the ques- rics professor at Case Western Reserve University, medical slightly higher threshold of risk, what he called “a little more that researchers recruit subjects for an anthrax vaccine tion of whether to test the anthrax vaccine on children, but officer of the National Disaster Medical System in the De- than a minor increase of minimal risk.” study fairly and not take advantage of the poor or other will leave that decision to officials in the government and partment of Health and Human Services, and representative “I might move that line just a little bit,” he said, “if I re - disadvantaged groups; that they test older children first experts convened to evaluate a specific research protocol. of the American Academy of Pediatrics. “What’s concern- ally thought that there would be thousands of children dead and only gradually shift their focus to younger children; The commission will try to offer those officials and experts ing to me about the hypothetical ‘God forbid’ scenario … is, because of an attack in New York City. But I wouldn’t move and that they allow children—not just parents—the right more detailed guidance than is yet available on how they yeah, we’ll give out vaccine and antibiotics based upon what it all the way to a likelihood of death in the trial or the likeli- to assent or withhold their assent. ought to make the decision: what sort of questions they we know. We don’t know anything. What dose do we give hood of disability. ... I certainly would allow for the poten- In part the commission was confronting not just new should ask, what they need to know, and on what principles to a six-year-old? Is it 1/70th per kilo? Is it 1/18th per year?” tial for some pain, a potential for some redness, a potential circumstances posed by weapons of terror but a decades- they should stand. These two contrasting positions were revisited in many for significant swelling, potential for the child not going to long reluctance of medical researchers to test any new The deliberations resume January 14 in Miami. For now, forms at Swift Hall as commission members looked for school for a few days. ... And, we always know that with medicines on children. May Faith Marshall, director of the the central question remains unresolved. “The main issues ways to reconcile them. They expressed concern for the proteins we may have a specific child who has a specific re- program of biomedical ethics and a professor in the schools that remain are the main issues,” said Arras. “Are we pre- need to encourage more medical research on children and action to the protein, and, therefore, I would want to set up of medicine and nursing at the University of Virginia, told pared to give the green light to research on children with worried lest they be overly protective. The challenge was the trial so that pediatricians and nurses were with those the commission that the majority of the medicines doctors no benefit to them, when risk is more than a minimum? It’s twofold. First, to decide what amount of risk might be al- children.” prescribe to children were not tested on children, including a classic bioethics dilemma.” By vaccinating children for lowed in biomedical research in which the children being Behind much of November’s debate lay important philo- commonly used drugs like Ritalin and albuterol. “We need anthrax, he said, we could do “a lot of good, but we could sophical issues. At one point the philosophers on the com- to begin thinking in a new way,” said Georges Benjamin, do harm by giving the wrong dose, either too strong a dose mission, including Sulmasy, led a discussion of Kant’s executive director of the American Public Health Associa- or too weak a dose. There’s a strong moral case for doing ethical imperative to treat persons as ends, not means, and tion. “We have historically left children behind, even in our research.” But what amount of risk, and how much uncer- what implications that directive might have for injecting current research approach, and I think that we need to stop tainty, should be tolerated? children with an anthrax vaccine. Indeed, commissioners doing that.” Finding answers to these and other questions is not only YEAH, WE’LL GIVE had tentatively included a statement of that principle in the Several commission members wanted to know what a philosophical and practical problem for the commission. masthead of the recommendations they were developing. would happen with a vaccine intended for children. How It is also a test of how ethical principles framed decades ago OUT VACCINE AND But several worried that focusing too much on individual would it be distributed and administered? Suzet McKin- and codified, however imperfectly, in American law can be rights would slight other ethical principles that might money, deputy commissioner of public-health preparedness and made to serve challenges not imagined by those who craft- ANTIBIOTICS BASED tivate a parent to allow a child to participate in a trial. Vari- emergency response at the Chicago Department of Public ed them. “We’re kind of in no man’s land here,” Arras said. ous communitarian principles might do so, they suggested: Health, gave sobering testimony on the resistance in low-in- In this age, that may go for all of us. “The American patriotism, altruism, and community solidarity, for exam- come African American and Hispanic neighborhoods to vac- public doesn’t want to tolerate much risk,” John Parker, UPON WHAT WE KNOW. ple. Bruce Lockwood, the deputy director of emergency cination campaigns for meningococcal disease and the H1N1 chair of the National Biodefense Science Board, told the management in Hartford, Connecticut, told commission- flu virus. These groups, she said, often view vaccination ef- commission in May. “But as we look to the future, I think WE DON’T KNOW ers that, in his view, first responders would be willing to forts with “high levels of false perception about government … we’re going to have to engage not only ourselves but allow their children to take part in anthrax research. intent and consequentially, mistrust.” During the discussion the American public and others into measured risk. And ANYTHING. Beyond the central philosophical questions, other dif- later, several commission members argued for education and they’ve got to get used to that.” ◆

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UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 5 12/19/12 5:07 PM UCH_Bioethics_v7.indd 6 12/20/12 9:05 AM THE SOUL OF MEDICINE For ethicist and doctor Daniel Sulmasy, medical progress is about more than the body. BY RICHARD MERTENS

aniel Sulmasy is no stranger to the in- with our humanity and all the important things that we tersection of ethics and public policy. need to do during that period, which can be incredibly rich. Before President Obama named him Sometimes I enter the room of a patient, and they’re dying to the Presidential Commission for the in faith and hope and love. I want to take my shoes off be- Study of Bioethical Issues in 2010, Sul - fore I go into the room. It’s holy ground that I’m treading.” masy served on the New York State Task His writings also explore the connections between Force on Life and Law and on the Eth- spirituality and medicine—connections he believes lie ics Committee of the Empire State Stem at the heart of the latter but that the medical profession Cell Board. Now the Kilbride-Clinton professor of medicine and ethics at the University, he is also associate director of the MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics. PATIENTS FEEL Sulmasy is a medical doctor and philosopher who for al- Dmost 27 years also lived as a Franciscan friar. More a think- er than a clinician, he has devoted much of his professional ALIENATED NOW BY THE life to writing about problems in medical ethics. He is especially concerned about decision making at the end of life. VERY PROGRESS THEY “We’re all going to die,” he told U.S. Catholic in 2010.

“Continuing to deny that gets in the way of coming to grips WERE LOOKING FOR. photography by jason smith

60 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_Bioethics_v6.indd 7 12/19/12 5:12 PM THE SOUL OF MEDICINE For ethicist and doctor Daniel Sulmasy, medical progress is about more than the body. BY RICHARD MERTENS

“If everything becomes about policy, then we’ve lost the connection to the more basic theological questions and philosophical questions that ought to undergird the policy discussion,” Sulmasy says. aniel Sulmasy is no stranger to the in- with our humanity and all the important things that we has increasingly neglected. “I think both patients and in love and deciding to marry—something he could not do tersection of ethics and public policy. need to do during that period, which can be incredibly rich. clinicians are experiencing a kind of spiritual bottoming and still remain a friar. But his faith and religious training Before President Obama named him Sometimes I enter the room of a patient, and they’re dying out,” he told U.S. Catholic. “The soul seems to have gone still deeply inform his thinking. “The Catholic way of do- to the Presidential Commission for the in faith and hope and love. I want to take my shoes off be- out of medicine. Patients feel alienated now by the very ing ethics for centuries has been largely philosophical, fol- Study of Bioethical Issues in 2010, Sul - fore I go into the room. It’s holy ground that I’m treading.” progress they were looking for; they feel they’re being lowing a natural law approach,” he says. “The arguments masy served on the New York State Task His writings also explore the connections between treated like machines. “ are designed to appeal to people of reason and good will.” Force on Life and Law and on the Eth- spirituality and medicine—connections he believes lie Sulmasy grew up in Queens, the son of a police officer. In As the sole member of the presidential bioethics com- ics Committee of the Empire State Stem at the heart of the latter but that the medical profession medical school he envisioned himself as a missionary in an mission with a background in religious studies, he brings Cell Board. Now the Kilbride-Clinton inner city or Appalachia. After he joined the Franciscans to its debate a special sensitivity to spiritual perspectives. professor of medicine and ethics at the he went to Thailand to work with Cambodian refugees. He In a setting that resembles a cross between a congressional University, he is also associate director liked what he was doing but not the heat and eventually re- hearing and a graduate seminar, he is quick to raise basic of the MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics. PATIENTS FEEL alized he would flourish best as an academic. philosophical issues, as he did often during the commis- Sulmasy is a medical doctor and philosopher who for al- Before coming to Chicago, Sulmasy taught at Johns Hop- sion’s November meeting. Dmost 27 years also lived as a Franciscan friar. More a think- kins University and Georgetown University. He has writ- Sulmasy is wary of ethicists getting too much caught up er than a clinician, he has devoted much of his professional ALIENATED NOW BY THE ten scores of articles and four books, and he is editor in chief with policy questions. “There is a tendency for people who life to writing about problems in medical ethics. He is espe- of the journal Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics. He is also do policy work [to think] that balancing outcomes is the sole cially concerned about decision making at the end of life. VERY PROGRESS THEY a football fan, rooting for the Green Bay Packers, and likes way to answer ethical questions,” he says. “It all becomes “We’re all going to die,” he told U.S. Catholic in 2010. to read poetry, especially T. S. Eliot. sort of risk-benefit analysis. It can take on sometimes a far

“Continuing to deny that gets in the way of coming to grips WERE LOOKING FOR. photographyphotography by jason by smith jason smith Sulmasy left the Franciscans last January after falling too utilitarian ﬂavor.” ◆

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legacy BENJAMIN ELIJAH MAYS (1894–1984) The conscience of the civil rights movement. BY JASON KELLY

reinforced his sense of worth. The Bible was Mays’s first 1920 from Bates College in Maine. images pictures/getty life time burrows, larry by photography textbook, an introduction both to theological principles and After less than a year at the Divinity School, Mays and his own cultural heritage. “Early in his life—this is a kid who his wife, Ellen Harvin, left Chicago so he could teach at is really smart—he assesses that the Bible is a foundational Morehouse College. While there, he became an ordained document in the shaping of black American identity,” Jelks, minister at Shiloh Baptist Church. “Those three years were associate professor of American studies and African Ameri- golden,” Jelks writes, but the period ended in tragedy.In can studies at the University of Kansas, said in an October 1923 his wife and their baby died in childbirth. lecture at the Divinity School. “It’s the grammar and the lan- The next year, Mays returned to Chicago to complete his guage that many black people use in his Baptist-dominated master’s degree. He interrupted his doctoral work to teach South Carolina.” at South Carolina State, where he met and fell in love with The church’s role in affirming his humanity and in provid- Sadie Gray, PhB’24, AM’31, his second wife. ing social support for its members convinced Mays that the Off and on, Mays spent 14 years at Chicago. During that institution could be a catalyst for political change. For Mays, time he also worked for the Tampa Urban League and con- the motivation came from an abiding but earthbound faith, ducted sociological research with Joseph William Nichol- rooted in an understanding of the historical Jesus that could son on the black church in America. In 1933, they published wrest the Bible back from those who would use it to oppress. The Negro’s Church (Institute of Social and Religious Re- “Jesus, in Mays’s mind, is the God-centered ethical leader search). The book argues that traditional attention to “life who challenges the Roman state with a new set of ethical after death” themes—a necessary focus for slave congrega- concerns about God and humanity,” Jelks said. tions to endure bondage on earth—generated insufficient Some of his earliest prayers were for the education that “spiritual force” for the contemporary cause of equality. In- would help him shape that worldview. Hezekiah Mays, a stead, Jelks writes, Mays believed the church and its clergy

4062 the university of chicago magazine | jan–febmay–jun 2013 2012

UCH_Legacy_Mays_v5.indd 1 12/18/12 3:28 PM ;; ththeththe legacy BENJAMINBENJAMIN EELIJAHLIJAH MMAYSAYS (1894–1984)(1894–1984) The conscience of the civil rights movement. BY JASON KELLY

enny Mays was four years old when a mob tenant farmer, cared only about his son’s ability to work. of white men came for his father. They But Louvenia believed that, along with religion, education were on horseback, brandishing rifles, and would be his salvation. “She literally takes the plow from his a tearful Benny took cover under a neigh- hands,” assuming Benny’s place in the cotton fields, Jelks bor’s porch. From there he watched as the said, freeing Mays to leave his hometown of Epworth in 1911 vigilantes forced Hezekiah Mays at gun- for the equivalent of high school at South Carolina State Col- point to remove his hat, salute, and bow. lege in Orangeburg. He paid his train fare with a ten-dollar He was fortunate to survive. Friends bill that Hezekiah threw at him in anger as he left. of Hezekiah’s were among 12 black men Mays validated his mother’s intuition. Becoming a divin- killed in South Carolina during the 1898 ity scholar, a Baptist minister, a dean at Howard University, unrest known as the Phoenix riot, a terror and president of Morehouse College from 1940 to 1967, Ben- campaign intended to frighten African Americans into po- jamin Elijah Mays, AM’25, PhD’35, helped to bend the arc litical submission. “Negroes were hiding out like rabbits,” of American history away from the segregation and mob in- Bthe younger Mays recalled his father saying. justice that seared his memory. He achieved such stature as Even as a boy confronted with the worst in racist violence both a preacher and a teacher that he became Martin Luther and rhetoric, said Randal Maurice Jelks, the author ofBenja - King Jr.’s intellectual and spiritual conscience. min Elijah Mays: Schoolmaster of the Movement (University of As a young man, Mays felt the need to prove himself North Carolina Press, 2012), Mays took his mother’s words against white people, an ambition that shamed and inspired to heart. “Benny,” Louvenia Carter Mays used to say, “you him. “It was wrongheaded of me, but I thought if I were able is equal to anybody.” to compete with white people, I would be just fine,” Mays Mount Zion Baptist Church, part of the religious lattice later said. “I would know that the stain of segregation would that gave southern African Americans a common foothold, be off me.” He succeeded, graduating Phi Beta Kappa in reinforced his sense of worth. The Bible was Mays’s first 1920 from Bates College in Maine. images images pictures/getty life pictures/getty time life time burrows, burrows, larry by larry by photography photography textbook, an introduction both to theological principles and After less than a year at the Divinity School, Mays and his own cultural heritage. “Early in his life—this is a kid who his wife, Ellen Harvin, left Chicago so he could teach at is really smart—he assesses that the Bible is a foundational Morehouse College. While there, he became an ordained document in the shaping of black American identity,” Jelks, minister at Shiloh Baptist Church. “Those three years were Christianity has been and still is one associate professor of American studies and African Ameri- golden,” Jelks writes, but the period ended in tragedy.In can studies at the University of Kansas, said in an October 1923 his wife and their baby died in childbirth. of the most powerful weapons the Negro possesses lecture at the Divinity School. “It’s the grammar and the lan- The next year, Mays returned to Chicago to complete his guage that many black people use in his Baptist-dominated master’s degree. He interrupted his doctoral work to teach with which to press claims in American life. South Carolina.” at South Carolina State, where he met and fell in love with The church’s role in affirming his humanity and in provid- Sadie Gray, PhB’24, AM’31, his second wife. —Benjamin Elijah Mays ing social support for its members convinced Mays that the Off and on, Mays spent 14 years at Chicago. During that institution could be a catalyst for political change. For Mays, time he also worked for the Tampa Urban League and con- the motivation came from an abiding but earthbound faith, ducted sociological research with Joseph William Nichol- rooted in an understanding of the historical Jesus that could son on the black church in America. In 1933, they published wrest the Bible back from those who would use it to oppress. The Negro’s Church (Institute of Social and Religious Re- “Jesus, in Mays’s mind, is the God-centered ethical leader search). The book argues that traditional attention to “life who challenges the Roman state with a new set of ethical after death” themes—a necessary focus for slave congrega- concerns about God and humanity,” Jelks said. tions to endure bondage on earth—generated insufficient Some of his earliest prayers were for the education that “spiritual force” for the contemporary cause of equality. In- would help him shape that worldview. Hezekiah Mays, a stead, Jelks writes, Mays believed the church and its clergy

4062 the university of chicago magazine | jan–febmay–jun 2013 2012 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 63

UCH_Legacy_Mays_v5.indd 1 12/18/12 3:28 PM UCH_Legacy_Mays_v5.indd 2 12/18/12 9:55 AM should “empower black people to make immediate claims say, “On Fear”—dominated the media coverage. But Mays, to their rightful civic freedoms.” Jelks writes, “stole the moment.” In the final year of writing his dissertation, Mays became His speech articulated a theme that connected Lincoln to dean of Howard University’s School of Religion. Working to King. “Make no mistake—as this country could not exist the point of exhaustion, he had to be “forcibly bedridden” for half slave and half free, it cannot exist half segregated and months in 1934 and 1935. Still, Mays defended his dissertation half desegregated. The Supreme Court has given America with honors, insisting to his friend Howard Thurman that he an opportunity to achieve greatness in the area of moral and wouldn’t have wanted the degree otherwise. “His manner spiritual things just as it has already achieved greatness in was always humbled,” Jelks said, “but the bro had an ego.” military and industrial might.” Mays considered himself a spiritual and intellectual King, only in his mid-20s when he became the nation’s leader, a voice for his people, but always of them. He wrote most famous civil rights leader, relied heavily on Mays’s columns for black newspapers—the Norfolk Journal and leadership example. “He also needed Mays for spiritual Guide, the Baltimore Afro-American, the Pittsburgh Courier. support as he faced the burden of being perceived as the “He thinks that ordinary black folk can know what he’s personification of black America’s hopes and dreams,” Jelks talking about,” Jelks says. “That he can translate to them writes. “It was Mays who held the job as King’s consigliere this great historical moment.” over the next fourteen years as the death threats against him He had firsthand experience to relate. In 1936, Mays grew more ominous and the public battles more dangerous.” traveled to India and interviewed Gandhi. His principles Those battles also grew more fruitful in the cause of free- of nonviolence, echoing the gospel of love that Mays con- dom. Where they were won, victories could be traced to the sidered Christianity’s only constant, provided a rhetorical social theology Mays had advocated for decades. But casu- bridge from the pulpit to the public square. “Long before alties continued to mount, so the war raged on against the Martin Luther King is thinking about it—he ain’t even forces of discrimination and, increasingly, within the civil born,” Jelks said, Mays began to shape the ideas that would rights movement itself. “Some activists viewed nonviolent define the civil rights movement in the United States. strategies as being unrealistic in light of the outright terror As president of Morehouse College, Mays became for- that had been organized against them,” Jelks writes. ever intertwined with King, who was a student there in the Mays suffered the toll of that violence; it had terrorized 1940s. By the time King enrolled, Mays cut a regal figure on his father and, on April 4, 1968, killed his “spiritual son.” the Morehouse campus and in the wider African American King’s assassination, Jelks notes, became “the proverbial community. Tall, lean, and stylish in his pinstripe suits, “he last straw for critics of nonviolent religious social activism.” was camera ready,” says Morehouse alumnusRussell Adams, Called upon to deliver the eulogy for the man he had hoped AM’54, PhD’71. Mays’s oratory, Adams adds inSchoolmaster would give his own, Mays held firm to his belief in the futility of the Movement, elevated the black struggle with “precisely of retribution. selected words lovingly and rhythmically enunciated.” Inside Ebenezer Baptist Church he urged an audience of His voice resonated even in white society. In 1955, Mays mostly white dignitaries—the black members were left to was invited to address the Southern Historical Associa- stand outside in sweltering Atlanta heat—not to “dishonor tion about the Brown v. Board of Education decision on a [King’s] name by trying to solve our problems through riot- panel that included William Faulkner. A featured speaker ing in the streets.” If they could turn their sorrow into hope for addressing the cause of black equality, Mays had to en- the future and use their outrage to invigorate a peaceful climb ter the Peabody Hotel in Memphis through the kitchen. to the mountaintop, “Martin Luther King Jr. will have died a Faulkner’s soft-spoken talk—later adapted as a Harper’s es- redemptive death from which all mankind will benefit.” King advanced the cause of equality beyond what Mays might have imagined possible, an undeniable validation of his example. But his devastation over King’s death, a tragic reprise of the white-supremacist rage he witnessed as a boy, NO MAN IS REALLY tempered any pride in the progress he inspired. Although African American life and liberty were not yet fully accepted civil rights, Mays found comfort in the reso- FREE WHO IS AFRAID lute claim to freedom that the movement asserted against a society that would not grant it. “No man is really free who is TO SPEAK THE TRUTH afraid to speak the truth as he knows it, or who is too fearful to take a stand for that which he knows is right,” Mays said. AS HE KNOWS IT. “Every man has his Gethsemane.” ◆

64 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_Legacy_Mays_v5.indd 3 12/18/12 3:29 PM Notes and Releases, 68 ...... Alumni News, 70 ...... Advanced Degrees, 90 ...... Deaths, 92 ...... Classifieds, 95 peer review should “empower black people to make immediate claims say, “On Fear”—dominated the media coverage. But Mays, to their rightful civic freedoms.” Jelks writes, “stole the moment.” In the final year of writing his dissertation, Mays became His speech articulated a theme that connected Lincoln to dean of Howard University’s School of Religion. Working to King. “Make no mistake—as this country could not exist the point of exhaustion, he had to be “forcibly bedridden” for half slave and half free, it cannot exist half segregated and months in 1934 and 1935. Still, Mays defended his dissertation half desegregated. The Supreme Court has given America with honors, insisting to his friend Howard Thurman that he an opportunity to achieve greatness in the area of moral and wouldn’t have wanted the degree otherwise. “His manner spiritual things just as it has already achieved greatness in was always humbled,” Jelks said, “but the bro had an ego.” military and industrial might.” Mays considered himself a spiritual and intellectual King, only in his mid-20s when he became the nation’s leader, a voice for his people, but always of them. He wrote most famous civil rights leader, relied heavily on Mays’s columns for black newspapers—the Norfolk Journal and leadership example. “He also needed Mays for spiritual Guide, the Baltimore Afro-American, the Pittsburgh Courier. support as he faced the burden of being perceived as the “He thinks that ordinary black folk can know what he’s personification of black America’s hopes and dreams,” Jelks talking about,” Jelks says. “That he can translate to them writes. “It was Mays who held the job as King’s consigliere this great historical moment.” over the next fourteen years as the death threats against him He had firsthand experience to relate. In 1936, Mays grew more ominous and the public battles more dangerous.” traveled to India and interviewed Gandhi. His principles Those battles also grew more fruitful in the cause of free- of nonviolence, echoing the gospel of love that Mays con- dom. Where they were won, victories could be traced to the sidered Christianity’s only constant, provided a rhetorical social theology Mays had advocated for decades. But casu- bridge from the pulpit to the public square. “Long before alties continued to mount, so the war raged on against the Martin Luther King is thinking about it—he ain’t even forces of discrimination and, increasingly, within the civil born,” Jelks said, Mays began to shape the ideas that would rights movement itself. “Some activists viewed nonviolent define the civil rights movement in the United States. strategies as being unrealistic in light of the outright terror As president of Morehouse College, Mays became for- that had been organized against them,” Jelks writes. ever intertwined with King, who was a student there in the Mays suffered the toll of that violence; it had terrorized 1940s. By the time King enrolled, Mays cut a regal figure on his father and, on April 4, 1968, killed his “spiritual son.” the Morehouse campus and in the wider African American King’s assassination, Jelks notes, became “the proverbial community. Tall, lean, and stylish in his pinstripe suits, “he last straw for critics of nonviolent religious social activism.” was camera ready,” says Morehouse alumnusRussell Adams, Called upon to deliver the eulogy for the man he had hoped AM’54, PhD’71. Mays’s oratory, Adams adds inSchoolmaster would give his own, Mays held firm to his belief in the futility of the Movement, elevated the black struggle with “precisely of retribution. selected words lovingly and rhythmically enunciated.” Inside Ebenezer Baptist Church he urged an audience of His voice resonated even in white society. In 1955, Mays mostly white dignitaries—the black members were left to was invited to address the Southern Historical Associa- stand outside in sweltering Atlanta heat—not to “dishonor tion about the Brown v. Board of Education decision on a [King’s] name by trying to solve our problems through riot- panel that included William Faulkner. A featured speaker ing in the streets.” If they could turn their sorrow into hope for addressing the cause of black equality, Mays had to en- the future and use their outrage to invigorate a peaceful climb ter the Peabody Hotel in Memphis through the kitchen. to the mountaintop, “Martin Luther King Jr. will have died a Faulkner’s soft-spoken talk—later adapted as a Harper’s es- redemptive death from which all mankind will benefit.” King advanced the cause of equality beyond what Mays might have imagined possible, an undeniable validation of his example. But his devastation over King’s death, a tragic reprise of the white-supremacist rage he witnessed as a boy, During a 1967 visit to NO MAN IS REALLY tempered any pride in the progress he inspired. Chicago’s Museum of Although African American life and liberty were not yet Contemporary Art, fully accepted civil rights, Mays found comfort in the reso- alumni wander through FREE WHO IS AFRAID lute claim to freedom that the movement asserted against a Allan Kaprow’s Pictures society that would not grant it. “No man is really free who is to be Read/Poetry to TO SPEAK THE TRUTH afraid to speak the truth as he knows it, or who is too fearful Be Seen, part of the to take a stand for that which he knows is right,” Mays said. museum’s fi rst exhibit.

AS HE KNOWS IT. “Every man has his Gethsemane.” ◆ photography by steve strandberg, archival photographic les, ﬁ apf3-00192, special collections research center, university of chicago library

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UCH_Legacy_Mays_v5.indd 3 12/18/12 3:29 PM Peer-Review_v3.indd 65 12/19/12 4:12 PM ALUMNI ESSAY

authors, reads: and childish, like trying to capture CMS must be pleased. photo credit teekay

6466 the university university of chicago of chicago magazine magazine |sept–oct | jan–feb 2011 2013

UCH_AlumniEssay_Athitakis_v10.indd 1 12/19/12 4:30 PM ALUMNI ESSAY

Trying to capture moonlight in a jar. New stories on the New Yorker’s website are keyworded with an moonlight in a jar: The entertaining profligacy, as in the case of the Jonathan Lethem story that inspired me to start logging problem with metadata them in the first place: BY MARK ATHITAKIS, A B’95 Pornography. Clerks. Stores. ILLUSTRATION BY NICOLE JO MEL TON Threesomes. Sex. Videos. New York City. Critics. Reviewers. Transsexuals. Sex Machines. Vomit. George Saunders’s “The Semplica- Girl Diaries” is tagged with a series of ou’re reading a novel. 1. Americans—Mexico—Fiction. keywords that reads like the exploded “What’s it about?” 2. Failure (Psychology)—Fiction. id of postcapitalist America: somebody asks. What 3. Chicago (Ill.)—Fiction. Lottery Winners. Poor People. do you say? 4. Depression—Fiction. Illegal Immigrants. Yards. Hoisting. When fiction is cataloged, keywords never tell the whole story—but they can be suggestive. Above are selected Library The question grates; 5. Young men—Fiction. Daughters. Wealth. Birthday Parties. of Congress keywords for eight well-known novels. Can you identify the books? Answers appear below. there’s no good answer. 6. Mexico—Fiction. Diaries. Rich People. Arrangements. Book reviewers are And, back to the present again, a Girls. Credit Card Debt. Microlines. sure that anybody researching the Suits; New England; Supermarkets. abstracts meaningless, or at least trained to avoid all but the relatively recent Pulitzer Prize Economic Classes. role of sex machines, or vomit, in And any inveterate New Yorker beside the point. Still, I was disap- briefest sketch of a novel’s winner: Though the trains of words the first decade of the Tea Party era reader can guess this one: Bullet Park; pointed to see how shabbily James story line, because we 1. Greek Americans—Fiction. seem silly when strung together, won’t miss the chance to reckon with Drinking; Swimming Pools. Thurber has been treated by the know that plot summary 2. Detroit (Mich.)—Fiction. keywording is serious business. Jonathan Lethem’s short story “The Those scattered terms can be keepers of the New Yorker archives. tends to bore people (“Well, there’s 3. City and town life—Fiction. Editors are now constantly logging, Porn Critic.” enough to let you know what’s in “The Secret Life of Walter Mitty,” Ythis couple, and they have three kids, 4. Suburban life—Fiction. tagging, keywording, categorizing, Older New Yorker stories are Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery,” John for instance, is entirely bereft of and it’s 1986, and they’re unhappy If you keep up with fiction at all, metadata-ing. It is tedious but keyworded much more parsimon- Updike’s “A&P,” and John Cheever’s relevant keywords. ( Just “The New because …”). Talking about themes you can probably take a good guess essential work. The Great God iously. Perhaps this is because the “The Swimmer.” But they’re not Yorker, magazine, subscription”— and ideas instead doesn’t improve at the last two books. (No need CMS must be pleased. Because responsible party is concerned only enough to say what the stories when in doubt, pitch a subscription, matters. Done wrong—and it often to prolong the mystery: in order, there is no telling how articles— with finding the essence of a story, are about. Emotional states don’t apparently.) If you want to know what is, in conversation—it comes off as they’re Marisha Pessl’s Special Topics sorry, “content”—will be used in but more likely it’s because the work get keyworded at the New Yorker. “The Secret Life of Walter Mitty” is highfalutin (“Well, it’s about this in Calamity Physics, Saul Bellow’s the years to come, those words are is being done in a hurry. Philip Roth’s There’s nothing in the metadata for about, you’re going to have to read it— couple, but it’s really about how The Adventures of Augie March, and the necessary toeholds for future (AM’55) New Yorker debut, “The Vladimir Nabokov’s “Symbols and which, in a perfect world, is just as it globalization, particularly when it Jeffrey Eugenides’s Middlesex.) databases. And because nobody Kind of Person I Am”—published in Signs” (Insane; Birthdays; Children; should be. ◆ comes to personal technology …”). But few people would discuss what knows what information we’ll need 1958, when he was teaching English Parents; Russia, Russians; Gifts: Maybe it’s best to just answer the those novels are about in the Library years (centuries?) from now, the at the University of Chicago—is New York City; Immigrants) that gets question with a grunt about setting of Congress’s terms. Indeed, the more keywording the better. The keyworded thusly: Analysis of Habits at its tone of emotional devastation, Mark Athitakis is a magazine and characters (“It’s about an information for Middlesex seems to New Yorker has done its bit to make & Tastes; Parties. the despair in its line about “neglected editor and book critic living unhappy couple. In rural Oregon ...”). avoid the book’s most relevant plot The keywording for “Unguided children humming to themselves outside Washington, DC. His I imagine this struggle going on point (Hermaphroditism–Fiction). Tour,” a 1977 story by Susan Sontag, in unswept corners.” The three reviews have appeared in the among the world’s librarians and For better or worse, my obsession AB’51, is likewise short and sweet: keywords for Alice Munro’s New York Times, Washington metadata experts whenever I look with the limitations of cataloging Editors are now Love; Travel. “A Wilderness Station” (Canada; Post, Barnes & Noble Review, at the Library of Congress catalog- information has only expanded. On a Even so, a few classics are so well Letters; Murder) are comically and other publications, and he ing information for a work of fiction. weekly basis, I’m amused and baffled constantly logging, known that a handful of words are insufficient at summarizing a story serves on the board of directors For instance, here’s the complete by the metadata attached to the short tagging, keywording, enough to identify them. If you about guilt, accusation, and suppres- of the National Book Critics Circle. listing for an acclaimed 2006 stories on the New Yorker’s website; studied English in high school, you sion that stretches across decades. Since 2008 he has maintained novel celebrated for its verve, for a little while last year, I got in catagorizing, teekay teekay credit photo credit photo know this one: Lots; Mob Violence; So be it. If fiction could be summar- the literary blog American Fiction wit, and sprawl: the habit of logging examples at my metadata-ing. It is Small Towns; Stoning. ized in a series of nouns it would stop Notes, where a version of this 1. Young women—Fiction. Tumblr (markathitakis.tumblr This one too: Adolescence; Bathing being fiction; its abstractions render essay originally appeared.

An older novel, a National Book .com). The task of trying to reduce the tedious but essential

Beloved Rye

Award winner by one of American ineffable qualities of ﬁction to streams Morrison, Toni (H) .

The Catcher in the the in Catcher The History Secret The Gatsby Great The Vanities the of Bonﬁre . (G) J. D. Salinger, Salinger, D. J. (G) . Tartt, Donna (F) . work. The Great God Fitzgerald, Scott F. (E) .

literature’s signature 20th-century of keywords feels at once charming The The Baby Rosemary’s Letter Scarlet The Dalloway Mrs. . (D) Tom Wolfe, Wolfe, Tom (D) . Levin, Ira (C) . Hawthorne, Nathaniel (B) . Woolf, Virginia (A) authors, reads: and childish, like trying to capture CMS must be pleased. photo creditphoto credit teekay teekay

6466 the university university of chicago of chicago magazine magazine |sept–oct | jan–feb 2011 2013 theuniversity university of of chicago chicago magazine magazine | sept–oct | jan–feb 20132011 6567

UCH_AlumniEssay_Athitakis_v10.indd 1 12/19/12 4:30 PM UCH_AlumniEssay_Athitakis_v10.indd 2 12/19/12 4:30 PM NOTES

REMEMBERED ON MARS HIRE EDUCATION Jacob R. Matijevic, SM’70, Nicholas B. Dirks, AM’74, PhD’81, PhD’73, spent two decades has been named chancellor of the working as an engineer on University of California, Berkeley, three Mars rover projects, effective June 1, and Santa Jeremy including Curiosity, which Ono, AB’84, became the University landed on the red planet in of Cincinnati president in October. August. Two weeks later, Dirks, an anthropologist and author Matijevic, who suered from of three books about India, has served asthma and other upper- as Columbia University’s executive respiratory ailments, died of a vice president for arts and sciences traumatic lung event (Deaths, since 2004. Ono, a biologist, served page 94). In his honor, NASA as Cincinnati’s provost and vice colleagues assigned the name president for academic affairs since “Jake Matijevic” to a pyramidal basalt rock that the rover encountered. Another 2010, becoming the University’s site on Mars that a previous rover, Opportunity, is investigating has been interim president in August after dubbed “Matijevic Hill.” Gregory H. Williams resigned.

A FLOOR PLAN FOR THE WHITNEY Anthony Elms, MFA’95, will be one of three guest curators for the HIGHBROW LOWBROW sciences and a former Schuchert Whitney Museum of American Bewitching video, thoughtful essays recipient, introduced Hunt at the Art’s 2014 Biennial. An associate and fiction, photography, and poetry society’s November meeting, curator at Philadelphia’s Institute find a home in Colloquium, the new recalling an “almost frighteningly of Contemporary Art, Elms will online journal of the Master of precocious” talk he gave as a new be one of three guest curators, each Arts Program in the Humanities. UChicago student in the mid-1990s. responsible for a floor in the Whitney. Seven founding editors solicited Now a curator at the Smithsonian One of seven finalists asked to submit contributions for the debut issue, Institution, Hunt has become “a speculative proposals to the museum’s published in October. “The work leader in evolutionary paleontology,” staff, Elms was selected along with being done in MAPH interacts Jablonski added, “skilled at turning Stuart Comer, film curator at the Tate with real-world problems but at challenging problems into crisp Modern in London, and Michelle the same time retains a critical questions that can be addressed Grabner, professor and chair of the academic attitude,” said Chaz in the fossil record in creative and painting and drawing department Oreshkov, AM’12, one of the editors. rigorous ways.” at the School of the Art Institute of “Colloquium succeeds because it’s Chicago. The editor of independent both a lowbrow academic journal YOUTHFUL ENERGY publisher WhiteWalls, which is and a highbrow general reader’s Allison Hannon, AB’05, and Daniel distributed through the University magazine.” The journal will be Schnitzer, AB’07, have been named of Chicago Press, Elms’s group published in the spring and fall, and to the Forbes magazine 30 Under 30 exhibition White Petals Surround Your the editors welcome submissions list in the energy sector. Hannon Yellow Heart opens February 6 at the from anyone with a connection worked for Tony Blair’s the Climate ICA. to MAPH. Find Colloquium at Group, establishing its North colloquium.uchicago.edu. American operations, and has since SILVER’S PROMOTION A SLAM DUNK cofounded Root3 Technologies to Adam Silver, JD’88, will become UCHICAGO ADDS TO ITS FOSSIL RECORD develop software for cities, schools, the National Basketball Association Gene Hunt, PhD’03, became the hospitals, and universities— commissioner in February 2014, 13th faculty member or alumnus including the University of succeeding the retiring David Stern.

from the University of Chicago— Chicago—to harness data to improve In 20 years with the league, Silver nasa/jpl-caltech/msss more than any other institution—to energy efﬁciency. Schnitzer, has served as deputy commissioner, receive the Paleontological Society’s codirector of the Washington- president of NBA Entertainment, Charles Schuchert Award, presented based EarthSpark International, and chief of staff. Peter Holt, chair of annually to a paleontologist under distributes cheap solar-charged the NBA Board of Governors, called age 40. David Jablonski, the lamps and energy-efﬁcient stoves Silver’s promotion a “no-brainer” and William R. Kenan Jr. professor in Haiti and develops pay-as-you-go ESPN dubbed him “the man with the in the department of geophysical microgrid electric systems. command of seemingly every issue.”

68 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013

UCH_AlumniNotes_JanFeb_v2.indd 68 12/19/12 1:49 PM who edited the collection, which also in military service academies. They NOTES RELEASES includes poems, sketches, and photos argue that the discipline’s links to from the time. the armed services are complex and multifaceted, defying reductionist EUROPE AND THE ISLAMIC WORLD: A HISTORY critiques and easy assumptions. REMEMBERED ON MARS HIRE EDUCATION By John Tolan, AM’86, PhD’90, Jacob R. Matijevic, SM’70, Nicholas B. Dirks, AM’74, PhD’81, The Magazine lists a selection Gilles Veinstein, and Henry Laurens; SOMETHING NEW PhD’73, spent two decades has been named chancellor of the of general-interest books, films, and Princeton University Press, 2012. By Thomas Flippin, AB’05; Vellini working as an engineer on University of California, Berkeley, albums by alumni. For additional Politicians and reporters characterize Publications, 2012. three Mars rover projects, effective June 1, and Santa Jeremy alumni releases, use the link to the the relationship between Islam and In his debut album, classical guitarist including Curiosity, which Ono, AB’84, became the University Magazine’s Goodreads bookshelf at the West as a clash of civilizations, and composer Flippin draws landed on the red planet in of Cincinnati president in October. mag.uchicago.edu. but historian Tolan and his coauthors influences from dreams, the post- August. Two weeks later, Dirks, an anthropologist and author argue that this narrative is too 9/11 world’s “endless war,” and his Matijevic, who suered from of three books about India, has served simplistic. Covering 15 centuries peripatetic American upbringing. Also asthma and other upper- as Columbia University’s executive MEDUSA’S GAZE: THE EXTRAORDINARY of shared roots—and coexistence, featuring works by Haitian guitarist respiratory ailments, died of a vice president for arts and sciences JOURNEY OF THE TAZZA FARNESE competition, and cooperation—the Frantz Casseus and selections by traumatic lung event (Deaths, since 2004. Ono, a biologist, served By Marina Belozerskaya, AM’92, authors offer a richer and more Cuban guitarist Leo Brouwer and page 94). In his honor, NASA as Cincinnati’s provost and vice PhD’97; Oxford University Press, 2012. complex exploration of the historical, Catalan pianist Federico Mompou, colleagues assigned the name president for academic affairs since A masterpiece of classical antiquity, political, and economic causes of the album is by turns contemplative, “Jake Matijevic” to a pyramidal basalt rock that the rover encountered. Another 2010, becoming the University’s the Tazza Farnese has a tangled today’s conflicts. playful, and dark. site on Mars that a previous rover, Opportunity, is investigating has been interim president in August after past. A libation bowl carved from dubbed “Matijevic Hill.” Gregory H. Williams resigned. banded agate, its interior shows an MARIPOSA’S SONG: A NOVEL 1619 BROADWAY: THE BRILL BUILDING assembly of Egyptian gods, while an By Peter LaSalle, AM’72; Texas Tech PROJECT A FLOOR PLAN FOR THE WHITNEY image of Medusa’s head glares out University Press, 2012. By Kurt Elling, X’92; Concord Jazz, 2012. Anthony Elms, MFA’95, will be from the bowl’s exterior. Dating to Offering insight into the lives of The title of jazz singer Elling’s most one of three guest curators for the Ptolemaic Egypt, where it belonged undocumented workers and the recent album refers to the Manhattan HIGHBROW LOWBROW sciences and a former Schuchert Whitney Museum of American to Cleopatra, the Tazza Farnese difficult choices they face, LaSalle office building where songwriters Bewitching video, thoughtful essays recipient, introduced Hunt at the Art’s 2014 Biennial. An associate traveled to Rome and Constantinople tells the story of Mariposa, a 22-year- churned out some of the most popular and fiction, photography, and poetry society’s November meeting, curator at Philadelphia’s Institute and the Holy Roman Emperor’s old from Honduras living in the tunes in American music, from the find a home in Colloquium, the new recalling an “almost frighteningly of Contemporary Art, Elms will court at Palermo; it was there for the United States illegally. Serving Big Band era to rock ‘n’ roll. Elling online journal of the Master of precocious” talk he gave as a new be one of three guest curators, each aftermath of the French Revolution drinks and dancing with customers offers up 11 of them—“Come Fly Arts Program in the Humanities. UChicago student in the mid-1990s. responsible for a floor in the Whitney. and at the birth of the modern Italian in a shabby nightclub in Austin, with Me,” “An American Tune,” Seven founding editors solicited Now a curator at the Smithsonian One of seven finalists asked to submit state. Medusa’s Gaze traces the bowl’s Texas, she meets an out-of-towner and “Tutti for Cootie” among contributions for the debut issue, Institution, Hunt has become “a speculative proposals to the museum’s journey through history, in and out of named Bill and learns that even far them—reimagining harmonies published in October. “The work leader in evolutionary paleontology,” staff, Elms was selected along with the hands of Roman, Byzantine, and from the border, there are dangers and reinterpreting melodies in his being done in MAPH interacts Jablonski added, “skilled at turning Stuart Comer, film curator at the Tate Mongol rulers; popes and duchesses greater than drug traffickers and baritone-to-tenor voice. with real-world problems but at challenging problems into crisp Modern in London, and Michelle and Renaissance artists; spies and immigration police. the same time retains a critical questions that can be addressed Grabner, professor and chair of the thieves and crusaders. Finally the academic attitude,” said Chaz in the fossil record in creative and painting and drawing department Tazza Farnese made its way to the PRACTICING MILITARY ANTHROPOLOGY: Oreshkov, AM’12, one of the editors. rigorous ways.” at the School of the Art Institute of Museo Archeologico Nazionale in BEYOND EXPECTATIONS AND TRADITIONAL “Colloquium succeeds because it’s Chicago. The editor of independent Naples, where a deranged guard BOUNDARIES both a lowbrow academic journal YOUTHFUL ENERGY publisher WhiteWalls, which is nearly destroyed it. Edited by Robert A. Rubenstein, Kerry and a highbrow general reader’s Allison Hannon, AB’05, and Daniel distributed through the University Fosher, and Clementine Fujimura, magazine.” The journal will be Schnitzer, AB’07, have been named of Chicago Press, Elms’s group HOME FRONT GIRL: A DIARY OF LOVE, AM’87, PhD’93; Kumarian Press, 2012. published in the spring and fall, and to the Forbes magazine 30 Under 30 exhibition White Petals Surround Your LITERATURE, AND GROWING UP IN WARTIME The relationship between the editors welcome submissions list in the energy sector. Hannon Yellow Heart opens February 6 at the AMERICA anthropologists and the US military from anyone with a connection worked for Tony Blair’s the Climate ICA. By Joan Wehlen Morrison, U-High’40, is often controversial, especially to MAPH. Find Colloquium at Group, establishing its North AB’44; Chicago Review Press, 2012. regarding the Human Terrain colloquium.uchicago.edu. American operations, and has since SILVER’S PROMOTION A SLAM DUNK Chicago schoolgirl Joan Wehlen was System, an army-led initiative to cofounded Root3 Technologies to Adam Silver, JD’88, will become 14 in 1937 when she began keeping a embed anthropologists with military UCHICAGO ADDS TO ITS FOSSIL RECORD develop software for cities, schools, the National Basketball Association journal. Smart, funny, and with an eye operations in Iraq and Afganistan. Gene Hunt, PhD’03, became the hospitals, and universities— commissioner in February 2014, for detail, she recorded events from In heated discussions in academic 13th faculty member or alumnus including the University of succeeding the retiring David Stern. her daily life—friends, classes, movies, journals and conferences, military from the University of Chicago— Chicago—to harness data to improve In 20 years with the league, Silver nasa/jpl-caltech/msss books, boys—and thoughts about the anthropologists have been called more than any other institution—to energy efficiency. Schnitzer, has served as deputy commissioner, world around her, ruminating on the unethical and unprofessional, accused receive the Paleontological Society’s codirector of the Washington- president of NBA Entertainment, Great Depression and FDR’s fireside of being war criminals and spies. A Charles Schuchert Award, presented based EarthSpark International, and chief of staff. Peter Holt, chair of chats, the Lindbergh kidnapping, Pearl professor of anthropology at the US annually to a paleontologist under distributes cheap solar-charged the NBA Board of Governors, called Harbor, and the lead-up to World War Naval Academy, Fujimura and her age 40. David Jablonski, the lamps and energy-efficient stoves Silver’s promotion a “no-brainer” and II. She kept the diary until 1943. After coeditors offer personal accounts William R. Kenan Jr. professor in Haiti and develops pay-as-you-go ESPN dubbed him “the man with the her death in 2010, it was discovered by from anthropologists who have

in the department of geophysical microgrid electric systems. command of seemingly every issue.” photography by anna webber her daughter, Susan Signe Morrison, worked with the military or teach Kurt Elling.

68 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 69

UCH_AlumniNotes_JanFeb_v2.indd 68 12/19/12 1:49 PM Releases_JanFeb_v4.indd 55 12/19/12 12:39 PM ALUMNI NEWS

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073_MontgomeryPlace_4c.indd 55 12/19/12 1:04 PM MAKE YOUR M ARK. PLAN A GIFT. L EAVE A LEGACY.

“I consider my bequest to be a sort of down payment on what I now owe the institution that has given me so much.”

MARTIN J. SALVUCCI, A B’10, AM’11

very UChicago graduate has a unique experience to call Etheir own. “My time at the University le me with a profound LET US KNOW appreciation for liberal education, as well as an acute sense of my If you have included the University in own limitations,” says Martin Salvucci. “O en despite myself, I your estate plan, we hope you will tell us learned to think like an adult and—in so doing—came to realize so that we may: that it was my responsibility to uphold this same opportunity for express our gratitude to you during subsequent generations.” your lifetime; Reect on the advantages aorded by your education and honor your path to excellence by supporting the intellectual invite you for membership in the journeys of those to come. By naming the University as a Phoenix Society; beneciary of a retirement plan or life insurance, you can plan ensure that your wishes will be met; and a gi to the University without aecting your current nancial security. It is easy to arrange and allows you to maintain control properly plan for the University’s future. of your assets for as long as you may need them.

To learn more about bequests or other creative ways you can make a gi to the University, contact the Oce of Gi Planning.

giftplanning.uchicago.edu | [email protected] | 866.241.9802

OGP_0134091_UChicago-OGP_4c.indd Jan_Feb Magazine 55ad 2013_FINAL.indd 1 11/28/1212/19/12 11:56 1:01 AMPM portation executive for companies includ- DEATHS ing UPS and Consolidated Freightways, where he started a division. He is survived by two daughters, two sons, 12 grandchil - FACULTY AND STAFF Ira Wool, MD’53, PhD’54, the A. J. Carl- dren, and ten great-grandchildren. son professor of biochemistry and molecu- Susan M. Fisher, SB’59, of Chicago, died lar biology, died October 23 in Chicago. He 1940s June 21. She was 74. A former clinical pro- was 87. Wool was a pioneer in the study of fessor in psychiatry and comparative hu- the structure and function of the ribosome. Walter Nudenberg, PhD’41, of Newtown, man development, Fisher was known for A demolition specialist during WW II, he CT, died September 22. He was 98. During her work to understand and relieve the suf- then attended Syracuse University on a WW II Nudenberg worked at the Univer- fering of others. One of her first posts was football scholarship. Wool joined the fac- sity on a collaboration among rubber com- as a psychiatrist at Massachusetts Mental ulty as an assistant professor of physiology panies, the petrochemical industry, and Health Center in Boston. She also held in 1957; he maintained his laboratory for academic research laboratories to replace faculty positions at the Chicago Institute more than 50 years. Wool authored more natural rubber with a synthetic substitute. for Psychoanalysis and Rush, Tufts, and than 260 papers and contributed regularly He later worked for Chemtura Corpora- Harvard medical schools before joining to standard textbooks. Survivors include tion, where he created many processes the University in 1979 as a lecturer and his wife, Barbara Mirecki, AB’71; sons still used in rubber and polymer processing consultant in psychiatry. In 1999 she was Christopher Wool, U-High’72, and Jon and manufacturing. He retired in 2011, the named a clinical professor. Fisher pub - Wool, U-High’75; and a brother. same year that Chemtura’s Nudenberg- lished two books, including Talking with Wheeler Technology Center was named in Young Children About Adoption (Yale Uni- 1930s his honor. Survivors include two sons and a versity Press, 1995). Her husband, Herman great-grandson. Sinaiko, AB’47, PhD’61, a longtime UChi- Jerome Sachs, SB’36, SM’37, PhD’40, died Jeanne DeNovo, AM’43, died October 1 in cago professor, died in 2011. Survivors in- October 12 in Chicago. He was 98. Start- Madison, WI. She was 95. DeNovo taught clude a daughter; son Benjamin Sinaiko, ing his career at what is now Chicago State history and English at a Park Ridge, IL, U-High’99; and a granddaughter. University, where he taught mathematics high school, later serving as a history in- Michel-Rolph Trouillot, professor of an- to prospective Chicago Public Schools instructor at Pennsylvania State University. thropology, died July 5 in Chicago after structors, Sachs joined Chicago Teachers She is survived by a daughter and a son. a long struggle to recuperate from a 2002 College–North (now Northeastern Illinois Richard Pettengill Gosselin , SB’4 4 , aneurism. He was 62. Trouillot grew up University) in 1962 as dean. He became the PhD’51, of Hartford, CT, died October 1. He in Haiti and came to the United States in school’s first president in 1966, leading its was 91. A WW II veteran, Gosselin taught 1969. Before beginning his scholarly ca- transition from college to university. An mathematics at the University of Connecti- reer, he was a songwriter and activist, pro- administration building at the school was cut until his 1982 retirement. He is survived testing Haiti’s Duvalier dictatorship and named in honor of Sachs, who retired in by his wife, Maria; a daughter; three sons; a the US government’s treatment of undocu- 1973. Survivors include a daughter, a son, a brother; and eight grandchildren. mented Haitian immigrants. Founding di- grandchild, and two great-grandchildren. Aileen Harrison Grumbach, A B’45 , A M ’49, rector of the Institute for Global Studies in Clarence S. Siegel, AB’38, of Chevy Chase, died December 24, 2011, in Roslyn, NY. She Culture, Power, and History at Johns Hop- MD, died October 15. He was 95. A WW II was 85. An English professor for four de- kins University, Trouillot joined Chicago’s Army veteran, Siegel was an economist with cades at Nassau Community College, Grum- faculty in 1998. He studied the dynamics the Department of Commerce. At retire- bach was also a poet, publishing in the New of power across cultural boundaries and ment, he was a member of the Federal Exec- York Times and Paris Review. She is survived wrote several influential books, including utive Service. Survivors include a brother, by her husband; three daughters, including Silencing the Past: Power and the Production Gordon S. Siegel, AB’49, SB’54, MD’54. Diane Selinger, AB’77; and four grandsons, of History (Beacon Press, 1995) and Haiti, Franklin Miller Jr., PhD’39, died October 4 including William Selinger, AB’08. State against Nation: The Origins and Legacy in Mount Vernon, OH. He was 100. Miller Ernest Hillard, AB’45, AM’47, died Octo- of Duvalierism (Monthly Review Press, started his career teaching physics and as - ber 14 in Columbia, MO. He was 90. Hillard 1990). The Caribbean Philosophical As- tronomy at Rutgers University, and then taught Spanish and French at institutions sociation awarded him the 2011 Frantz joined Kenyon University in 1948. The co- including DePaul University and West- Fanon Lifetime Achievement Award “for writer of the textbook College Physics (now minster College in Fulton, MO, where he the originality of his interrogations in the in its sixth edition), Miller produced a series worked for 33 years. He eventually became human sciences.” of physics-demonstration films, including the government-documents librarian at Leonard Linsky of Chicago died August 27. preserving a famous film clip of the collapse Westminster’s Reeves Library, and con- He was 89. A professor emeritus of philoso- of the Tacoma (WA) Narrows Bridge. Re- tinued there part time in retirement. Survi- phy, Linsky taught at institutions including cipient of the 1970 Millikan Award of the vors include a son, three grandchildren, and the University of California, Berkeley, and American Association of Physics Teachers, three great-grandchildren. the University of Illinois at Urbana –Cham- Miller retired in 1981 from Kenyon, where E. Earl Baughman Jr. , SB’46, PhD’51, paign before arriving at Chicago, where he he was honored with an observatory, a lec- died September 29 in Chapel Hill, NC. served as philosophy department chair. ture hall, an award, and an endowed schol- He was 90. A WW II Air Force veteran, Linsky published several dozen articles and arship in his name. Survivors include a son Baughman joined the University of North five books, including the landmark publica- and two grandsons. His wife, Libuse L. Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1954, teaching tions Referring (Routledge & K. Paul, 1967) Miller, SB’37, died in 1973. in the psychology department for almost and Names and Descriptions (University of Jerome “Jerry” Sivesind, AB’38, died three decades. In 1969 he was a corecipient Chicago Press, 1977). Both books explored July 30, 2010, in Ashland, OR. He was of the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for his how names and descriptive expressions 95. The captain of UChicago’s baseball pioneering research on southern rural chil- can be used to talk about real-world objects team, Sivesind was drafted by the Cincin- dren, and he received the 1972 Standard and phenomena. After he retired, Lin- nati Reds and the Chicago Cubs. A WW II Oil Foundation Award for undergraduate sky continued to teach classes and direct veteran, Sivesind retired from the Army teaching. He retired as professor emeritus workshops on Ludwig Wittgenstein. He is Reserves at the Presidio as a lieutenant in 1981. Survivors include two daughters, a survived by his companion, Alexandra Bel- colonel after 35 years of service. Living in sister, and two grandchildren. low; two sons; and three granddaughters. the San Francisco Bay Area, he was a trans- Daniel John O’Connor, AM’47, of Exeter,

92 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 UK, died August 12. He was 98. A philoso- in the early 1980s. He retired as profes- to the State of Texas from Texas Ministers pher, O’Connor held chairs at Liverpool sor emeritus of religious studies, philoso - for Social Progress. He is survived by his University and then Exeter University, phy, and comparative literature at San wife, Hazelyn; a daughter; two sons; and where he worked until 1979. He published Diego State. Survivors include his wife, a granddaughter. ten books, including The Correspondence Aleene; a daughter; a son; a sister; and a Robert H. Nanz Jr., PhD’52, of Houston, Theory of Truth (Hutchinson, 1975) and in- granddaughter. TX, died May 20. He was 88. The first fluential works on John Locke, and he com- Joseph H. Callender, JD’51, of New Ro- geologist hired for Shell’s Exploration and piled A Critical History of Western Philosophy chelle, NY, died October 9. He was 90. Production Research Laboratory, Nanz (Free Press of Glencoe, 1964). O’Connor A WW II Army veteran, Callender prac- spent 36 years in research and operations also served as president of the Mind As- ticed law for more than four decades, in- positions at the company, including as vice sociation and of the British Society for the cluding 25 years as arbitrator in the New president of exploration and production Philosophy of Science. He is survived by his Rochelle City Court. Survivors include his for the western region. He also chaired the wife, Maureen. wife, Ersaline; two daughters; and three American Petroleum Institute’s explora- William E. Hummel, MD’49, died July 16 grandchildren. tion affairs committee and government in Everett, WA. He was 89. A WW II and Etha “Bea” Fox, MBA’51, died September lands task force. Survivors include a son, Korea veteran, Hummel practiced ortho- 8 in Chicago. She was 98. An international a brother, four grandchildren, and seven pedic surgery in Everett, specializing in and military law specialist, Fox was a law- great-grandchildren. trauma and reconstruction. He also was on yer for the Coast Guard for three decades, Thomas H. Wood, PhD’53, of Merion Sta- the staff at Seattle’s Shriners Hospital. Sur- retiring with the rank of captain in 1974. tion, PA, died July 5. He was 89. An exper- vivors include his wife, Doris; two daugh- Fox also helped to establish the Women’s imental biophysicist, Wood worked to map ters; and two sons. Bar Association of Illinois. In 1962 the the E. coli genome decades before DNA se- Dwight Raymond Smith, SB’46, M D’47, National Council of Jewish Women and quencing. After serving in the Navy during died October 18, 2011, in Silver Spring, MD. the YWCA recognized her contributions W W II , he became a full professor of phys- He was 87. An Air Force veteran, Smith to peace and international understanding. ics at the University of Pennsylvania in started a surgical practice in 1959, where Fox spent 20 years volunteering for the 1963, chairing the physics graduate group he worked for more than 40 years. Smith American Red Cross. from 1971 to 1976. He retired as professor also served on the staffs of three local hos- Joanne Holden, AM’51, of Three Rivers, emeritus in 1989. Survivors include three pitals until his 2002 retirement, including MI, died April 17. She was 84. The propri- sons and three grandchildren. Washington Adventist Hospital, where he etor of the Long Lake Food and Book Shop Corinne Murphy Lee, AB’54, died Oc- chaired the surgery department for a term. from 1968 until her retirement in 2011, tober 8 in Minneapolis. She was 79. A He is survived by his companion, Marilyn; Holden was a connoisseur of beers from homemaker, Lee was known for her lively a daughter; two sons; and a sister. around the world. conversation and sense of humor. Survi- John Hermanson, AM’49, died February Norman Johnston, AM’51, a sociologist, vors include her husband, Stuart; a daugh- 29 in Houghton, MI. He was 93. A WW died October 6 in Ambler, PA. He was 91. ter; a son; a brother; two sisters; and four II Air Force veteran, Hermanson taught A WW II Army Air Corps veteran, John - grandchildren. mathematics at Evanston Township High ston joined Beaver College (now Arcadia Sol Henry Krasner, PhD’55, died Septem- School [IL] until age 55, with a one-year University) in 1962 as an associate profes- ber 27 in Waterford, CT. He was 89. A leave of absence to study at Stanford Uni- sor and chair of the sociology department. WW II Army veteran, Krasner started versity as a National Science Foundation The author or editor of eight books on his career in the Office of Naval Research. Scholar. Hermanson also spent more than criminal justice and prison architecture, He then joined the University of Chicago 40 years as a Christian foreign missionary he also served on the boards of the Penn- as dean of students in the Physical Sciences in Finland, Russia, and Estonia. He is sur- sylvania Prison Society and of the Eastern Division and assistant to the chair of the vived by three brothers and two sisters. State Penitentiary Historic Site, which physics department. He worked at the Uni- he helped develop. Johnston retired from versity for 25 years. He is survived by his 1950s Arcadia as professor emeritus in 1992 but wife, Phyllis; two daughters; two sons; 14 continued to teach part time. Survivors in- grandchildren; and 16 great-grandchildren. Walter Chizinsky, SM’50, died October clude his cousins. Ethel Spector Person, AB’56, SB’56, 1 in Burlington, VT. He was 85. A Navy Herbert Kondo, AM’51, of Saratoga a psychiatrist, died October 16 in New Hospital Corps veteran, Chizinsky taught Springs, NY, died May 6. He was 88. A York City. She was 77. A pioneer in sexu- and held administrative posts at institu- W W II Army veteran, Kondo served as se- ality research, Person was known for her tions including Bennett College, Stephens nior science editor at Macmillan Company clinical studies on sexual fantasy and on College, and Bergen Community College. and then as editor in chief of Grolier/Scho- transsexuals and transvestites. She led He retired from academic life in 1992. He lastic Publishing’s science department. He Columbia University’s Center for Psycho- is survived by his wife, Marta; a daughter; was the author of several books, including analytic Training and Research from 1981 two sons; and four grandchildren. Adventures in Space and Time: The Story to 1991 and was a member of the clinical Keith Fowler, MBA’50, died September 15 of Relativity (Holiday House, 1966) and psychiatry faculty. Person published four in Northbrook, IL. He was 90. A WW II Albert Einstein and the Theory of Relativity books, including By Force of Fantasy: How Army Air Corps veteran, Fowler was a civ- (Franklin Watts, 1969). Survivors include We Make Our Lives (Basic Books, 1995), il engineer for Allstate Insurance Compa- a daughter, a son, and six grandchildren. and several articles for general-interest ny. Survivors include his wife, Margaret; Earl McKinley Lewis, PhD’51, died Oc- publications. She is survived by two sons, two daughters; a brother; four grandchil - tober 13 in Houston. He was 92. A WW two stepdaughters, a grandchild, and three dren; and five great-grandchildren. II Army Air Corps veteran, Lewis was step-grandchildren. Maurice S. Friedman, PhD’50, of Solana head of the political science department Wilma J. Phipps, AM’56, PhD’77, died Beach, CA, died September 25. He was at Prairie View A&M College before join- June 23 in Cleveland. She was 87. In 1970 90. An expert on philosopher Martin Bu - ing Trinity University in San Antonio, Phipps joined Case Western Reserve Uni- ber, Friedman, who taught at Sarah Law - TX. At Trinity, Lewis directed one of versity’s experiment in nursing program. rence College and Temple and San Diego the country’s first urban-studies graduate She went on to serve as chair and professor State Universities, published Martin Buber: programs and was the school’s first tenured of the school’s medical-surgical nursing de- The Life of Dialogue (University of Chicago African American professor. Lewis retired partment and director of medical-surgical Press, 1955), now in its fourth edition, as in 1990 as professor emeritus. His many nursing at University Hospitals. An editor well as a three-volume biography of Buber awards include the 1976 Award for Service of Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts and

the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 93 Clinical Practice (Mosby, 1979), now in its eran, Reavis was a Wall Street financial ex- engineer. In 1992 he began working on the eighth edition, Phipps was named the 1997 ecutive. Survivors include a daughter, two Mars rover missions, focusing on the design Nurse of the Year by the Cleveland Acad- sons, and three granddaughters. of the vehicles. After his death, NASA and emy of Medicine Hall of Fame. Survivors Raymond Skilling, JD’62, died October JPL named in his honor a pyramidal basalt include a son, a brother, and a sister. 10 in London. He was 73. An internation - rock that the Curiosity rover encountered on Edward A. Goerner, AM’57, PhD’59, died al lawyer, Skilling worked for London Mars in September. Survivors include his October 2 in South Bend, IN. He was 82. A law firm Clifford Turner, now Clifford mother, a brother, and two sisters. Navy veteran, Goerner joined the Univer- Chance, where he represented some of the Jeffrey A. Kant , PhD’74, MD’75, of sity of Notre Dame in 1960, retiring more Beatles as well as classical musicians. He Franklin Park, PA, died September 29. He than five decades later as a professor emeri- then moved to Chicago, where he was chief was 65. After 12 years at the University of tus of political science. The author of Peter counsel of Aon Corporation for almost 25 Pennsylvania, Kant joined the University and Caesar: The Catholic Church and Politi- years. A member of the British American of Pittsburgh as a professor of pathology cal Authority Survivors (Herder and Herder, Business Council’s international advisory and human genetics and as the director of 1965), Goerner also was an associate editor board in Chicago, Skilling was also chair the pathology department’s molecular-di- of the Review of Politics. Survivors include of the board of overseers of the RAND agnostics division. In addition to directing his wife, Iris; four daughters; a son; two Corporation’s Institute for Civil Justice. the pathology residency training program sisters; and ten grandchildren. In 2006 he was awarded an Order of the for five years, Kant founded Pitt’s molecu- British Empire for working to build UK lar diagnostic fellowship program and was 1960s and US business relationships. Survivors the founding president of the Association include a son and a brother. for Molecular Pathology. Kant is survived William P. Doherty Jr., JD’60, died Sep- Hans-Joachim G. Mollenhauer, AM’63, by his wife, Julie; two sons; three brothers; tember 28 in Camden, NJ. He was 77. After died October 2 in Morton Grove, IL. He and four grandchildren. establishing his own law practice, Doherty was 84. In 1963 Mollenhauer joined the Ava-Lisa Memmen, AM’75, died Septem- became one of New Jersey’s longest-serv- faculty of North Park University, where ber 19 in Zionsville, IN. She was 60. Co - ing prosecutors, starting in 1973, and was he taught German, Italian, and French for founder of the Heartland Film Festival, elected an arbitrator for the US federal more than 30 years and served as foreign- Memmen served on the boards of several courts. A former president of the Cumber- languages chair. Retiring in 1995, Mollen- educational and nonprofit organizations. land County Bar Association, Doherty was hauer stayed on as a part-time professor. She is survived by her husband, Edward a member of the Supreme Court of the State He is survived by his wife, Ilse; a son; a Memmen, MBA’75; three daughters; and of New Jersey Judicial Conference as well brother; and two grandchildren. two grandchildren. as the Cumberland County ethics commit- Karen Carper Martin Priest, AB’63, died Gene R. Saffold, MBA’79, of Chicago, tee. He is survived by two daughters, a son, October 20 in Carson City, NV. She was died October 8 following complications and two brothers. 62. While raising her children, Priest from heart surgery. He was 57. A well- Lynn McNulty Koons, AB’60, died Sep- worked as a part-time interviewer for Re- known financier, Saffold was a managing tember 6 in Tucson, AZ. She was 79. search Triangle Institute and as a social director at Smith Barney and was Bank Koons taught writing and English at the worker in New York state. She also volun- One’s national head of public finance. In School of the Art Institute of Chicago and teered for organizations including Servas 2009 he joined former mayor Richard Columbia College. International and the United Methodist M. Daley’s staff as chief financial officer. Elio Tarika, MBA’60, died September 10 Women. Survivors include her husband, Most recently, he was an independent con- in Boston. He was 86. A chemical engi- Robert F. Priest, AB’59, PhD’64; a daugh- sultant. Saffold served on the boards of na- neer and then a business executive, Tarika ter, Susan Sara Priest, AB’87; a son; two tional and local organizations including the worked at Union Carbide Corporation for sisters; and three grandchildren. Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, 34 years, retiring as executive vice presi- Robert Ronald Riedle, MBA’65, died Erikson Institute, and Chicago Low-In- dent. An alumnus of the University of Illi- October 24 in The Villages, FL. He come Housing Trust Fund. As a trustee nois at Urbana–Champaign, Tarika was was 76. An Air Force veteran, Riedle of the Chicago School Reform Board of honored with a U of I chair in chemical en- worked in hospital administration and Trustees, he helped spearhead the school gineering as a 75th-birthday present from medical sales. He is survived by his wife, system’s financial restructuring. Survivors his wife, who predeceased him. Survivors Marie; three daughters; a son; four step- include two daughters, including Jessica include two daughters, a son, and seven children; a brother; four grandchildren; Saold, U-High’05; a son; and a sister. grandchildren. ten step-grandchildren; and six step John Francis Fahey, AM’61, died October great-grandchildren. 1990s 9 in Manteca, CA. He was 88. Ordained Patrick John Phillips, MBA’68, died Janu- as a priest in 1949, Fahey was pastor of ary 9 in Moreno Valley, CA. He was 77. A Noel Jay Mirasol, MBA’93, of Glencoe, IL, Chicago’s St. Clement Parish from 1975 to Navy veteran, Phillips worked for 22 years died October 6. He was 50. A lifelong em - 1989. After resigning from his pastorate, he in sales at Outboard Marine Corporation. ployee of IBM, Mirasol was also technical moved to California and began a second ca- He later owned two companies: Custom director for the Glencoe Grand Prix. Sur- reer in academia. Fahey served as an adjunct Travel and Turf Tire Distributors. He is vivors include his wife, Kendra Mirasol, faculty member at St. Mary’s College in survived by his wife, Joanne; three daugh- MBA’93; a daughter; a son; his parents; a Moraga, CA, and Columbia College in So- ters; a son; a brother; and a grandchild. brother; and a sister. nora, CA. He is survived by his wife, Joan. Peter Oppenheimer, AB’62, died July 29 1970s 2010s in Princeton, NJ. He was 71. After teaching philosophy at the University of Mis- Jacob R. Matijevic, SM’70, PhD’73, an Allison Ann Tovo-Dwyer, SB’10, of St. souri in St. Louis and at the University engineer who worked on three Mars rover Paul, MN, died of gastric cancer Octo - of Pennsylvania, Oppenheimer worked missions, died of a traumatic lung event Au- ber 11. She was 25. Dwyer was a doctoral at antiquarian bookstore Witherspoon gust 20 in Los Angeles. He was 64. After student in chemistry at the Massachusetts Books. Survivors include a brother and teaching mathematics at the University of Institute of Technology, where she re - two sisters, including Lucy Oppenheimer Kentucky and the University of Southern searched computational chemistry. Sur- Hickey, AM’67. California, in 1981 Matijevic joined the Jet vivors include her boyfriend, Jon Baskin, James Reavis, MBA’62, of Nashville, TN, Propulsion Laboratory, where he held sev- AM’12; her parents; her stepparents; her died October 18. He was 72. An Army vet- eral positions, including control systems grandmother; a sister; and two half sisters.

94 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 Clinical Practice (Mosby, 1979), now in its eran, Reavis was a Wall Street financial ex- engineer. In 1992 he began working on the eighth edition, Phipps was named the 1997 ecutive. Survivors include a daughter, two Mars rover missions, focusing on the design CHICAGO CLASSIFIEDS Nurse of the Year by the Cleveland Acad- sons, and three granddaughters. of the vehicles. After his death, NASA and emy of Medicine Hall of Fame. Survivors Raymond Skilling, JD’62, died October JPL named in his honor a pyramidal basalt include a son, a brother, and a sister. 10 in London. He was 73. An internation - rock that the Curiosity rover encountered on SERVICES communication, and research skills are a Edward A. Goerner, AM’57, PhD’59, died al lawyer, Skilling worked for London Mars in September. Survivors include his must; previous managerial experience is a October 2 in South Bend, IN. He was 82. A law firm Clifford Turner, now Clifford mother, a brother, and two sisters. Veena Arun, MD, University Ophthalmol- plus but not required. This is a year-round, Navy veteran, Goerner joined the Univer- Chance, where he represented some of the Jeffrey A. Kant , PhD’74, MD’75, of ogy: Medical & Surgical Eyecare; Art An- full-time position with excellent compen- sity of Notre Dame in 1960, retiring more Beatles as well as classical musicians. He Franklin Park, PA, died September 29. He drews, ABOC, University Optical: Art & sation and benefits. Please e-mail your than five decades later as a professor emeri- then moved to Chicago, where he was chief was 65. After 12 years at the University of Science of Eyewear. 1525 East 53rd Street, résumé and cover letter to hlparecruit@ tus of political science. The author of Peter counsel of Aon Corporation for almost 25 Pennsylvania, Kant joined the University Suite 1002, Chicago, IL 60615. Phone: gmail.com. and Caesar: The Catholic Church and Politi- years. A member of the British American of Pittsburgh as a professor of pathology 773.288.2020. Fax: 773.324.3704. cal Authority Survivors (Herder and Herder, Business Council’s international advisory and human genetics and as the director of Family medical coordinator. Extraor- 1965), Goerner also was an associate editor board in Chicago, Skilling was also chair the pathology department’s molecular-di- Intelligent, skilled U of C grad seeks em - dinarily intelligent, highly organized of the Review of Politics. Survivors include of the board of overseers of the RAND agnostics division. In addition to directing ployment as personal, family, and/or office individual needed to assist in logistics, re - his wife, Iris; four daughters; a son; two Corporation’s Institute for Civil Justice. the pathology residency training program assistant. Ethical, experienced, levelhead- search, and various administrative tasks sisters; and ten grandchildren. In 2006 he was awarded an Order of the for five years, Kant founded Pitt’s molecu- ed (with great love of arts and academia). for medical and health-related projects for British Empire for working to build UK lar diagnostic fellowship program and was Excellent references. Please inquire at a Manhattan family. The right applicant 1960s and US business relationships. Survivors the founding president of the Association [email protected]. will be meticulously detail oriented, and include a son and a brother. for Molecular Pathology. Kant is survived will be able to collaborate with other pro- William P. Doherty Jr., JD’60, died Sep- Hans-Joachim G. Mollenhauer, AM’63, by his wife, Julie; two sons; three brothers; Are you tired of Borg in your house? Are fessionals as well as work independently to tember 28 in Camden, NJ. He was 77. After died October 2 in Morton Grove, IL. He and four grandchildren. drones trying to assimilate your pets? see projects through to completion. Con- establishing his own law practice, Doherty was 84. In 1963 Mollenhauer joined the Ava-Lisa Memmen, AM’75, died Septem- Then call Borg Exterminators. We spe- siderable weight will be given to unusual became one of New Jersey’s longest-serv- faculty of North Park University, where ber 19 in Zionsville, IN. She was 60. Co - cialize in eradicating Borg from homes academic distinction and other intellectual ing prosecutors, starting in 1973, and was he taught German, Italian, and French for founder of the Heartland Film Festival, and businesses, from alcoves to assimi- achievements. A scientific background is a elected an arbitrator for the US federal more than 30 years and served as foreign- Memmen served on the boards of several lation chambers to the queen herself. plus but is not required. This is a full-time courts. A former president of the Cumber- languages chair. Retiring in 1995, Mollen- educational and nonprofit organizations. borgexterminators.com. position with a highly attractive compensa- land County Bar Association, Doherty was hauer stayed on as a part-time professor. She is survived by her husband, Edward tion package and significant upside poten- a member of the Supreme Court of the State He is survived by his wife, Ilse; a son; a Memmen, MBA’75; three daughters; and REAL ESTATE tial. Please send your résumé to pmrrecruit of New Jersey Judicial Conference as well brother; and two grandchildren. two grandchildren. @gmail.com. as the Cumberland County ethics commit- Karen Carper Martin Priest, AB’63, died Gene R. Saffold, MBA’79, of Chicago, Real-estate investment: Chicago tee. He is survived by two daughters, a son, October 20 in Carson City, NV. She was died October 8 following complications Booth alum can help you purchase invest- Research associate/personal assistant, and two brothers. 62. While raising her children, Priest from heart surgery. He was 57. A well- ment properties in Arizona and lease New York City. Highly intelligent, re - Lynn McNulty Koons, AB’60, died Sep- worked as a part-time interviewer for Re- known financier, Saffold was a managing them to generate positive cash flows. sourceful individuals with exceptional tember 6 in Tucson, AZ. She was 79. search Triangle Institute and as a social director at Smith Barney and was Bank 480.261.8822. www.investinarizonare.com. communication skills sought to undertake Koons taught writing and English at the worker in New York state. She also volun- One’s national head of public finance. In research projects and administrative tasks School of the Art Institute of Chicago and teered for organizations including Servas 2009 he joined former mayor Richard Gated communities: Tour the top retire- for a successful entrepreneur. We welcome Columbia College. International and the United Methodist M. Daley’s staff as chief financial officer. ment, vacation, and golf communities at applications from writers, musicians, art- Elio Tarika, MBA’60, died September 10 Women. Survivors include her husband, Most recently, he was an independent con- www.privatecommunities.com. ists, or others who may be pursuing other in Boston. He was 86. A chemical engi- Robert F. Priest, AB’59, PhD’64; a daugh- sultant. Saffold served on the boards of na- professional goals in the balance of their neer and then a business executive, Tarika ter, Susan Sara Priest, AB’87; a son; two tional and local organizations including the RENTALS time. $90–110K/year to start (depend- worked at Union Carbide Corporation for sisters; and three grandchildren. Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, ing on qualifications). Résumé to rapany Chicago Classifieds 34 years, retiring as executive vice presi- Robert Ronald Riedle, MBA’65, died Erikson Institute, and Chicago Low-In- US Virgin Islands, St. John. Hillcrest @gmail.com. Unfortunately, due to the Reach 145,000 Readers. dent. An alumnus of the University of Illi- October 24 in The Villages, FL. He come Housing Trust Fund. As a trustee Guest House. hillcreststjohn .com. high volume of respondents, we are unable AD RATES $3 per word, ten-word minimum. nois at Urbana–Champaign, Tarika was was 76. An Air Force veteran, Riedle of the Chicago School Reform Board of 340.776.6774. to reply to every applicant. DISCOUNTS 5% for advertising in 3–5 issues and honored with a U of I chair in chemical en- worked in hospital administration and Trustees, he helped spearhead the school 15% for 6 or more issues. gineering as a 75th-birthday present from medical sales. He is survived by his wife, system’s financial restructuring. Survivors FOR SALE Have you wrien a book? Let us know. DEADLINES January 31 for the Mar–Apr/13 issue. his wife, who predeceased him. Survivors Marie; three daughters; a son; four step- include two daughters, including Jessica Help us fill every book and cranny of the To learn more, visit mag.uchicago.edu. include two daughters, a son, and seven children; a brother; four grandchildren; Saold, U-High’05; a son; and a sister. Rarely used PhD cap/gown, 59 inches long, University of Chicago Magazine’s shelves grandchildren. ten step-grandchildren; and six step $350. 757.489.3589. at Goodreads. Go to mag.uchicago.edu ADVERTISING CATEGORIES (Check one.) John Francis Fahey, AM’61, died October great-grandchildren. 1990s /alumni-books to submit a book to our ❒ ❒ ❒ 9 in Manteca, CA. He was 88. Ordained Patrick John Phillips, MBA’68, died Janu- library or browse books by UChicago For Sale Professional Services Events WANTED ❒ Real Estate ❒ Personals ❒ Travel as a priest in 1949, Fahey was pastor of ary 9 in Moreno Valley, CA. He was 77. A Noel Jay Mirasol, MBA’93, of Glencoe, IL, affiliation. ❒ Rental ❒ Wanted ❒ Other Chicago’s St. Clement Parish from 1975 to Navy veteran, Phillips worked for 22 years died October 6. He was 50. A lifelong em - Inkwater Press publishes book-length fic- 1989. After resigning from his pastorate, he in sales at Outboard Marine Corporation. ployee of IBM, Mirasol was also technical tion, nonfiction, and poetry. Royalties. moved to California and began a second ca- He later owned two companies: Custom director for the Glencoe Grand Prix. Sur- 503.968.6777. inkwaterpress.com. Rules For Dating Name reer in academia. Fahey served as an adjunct Travel and Turf Tire Distributors. He is vivors include his wife, Kendra Mirasol, faculty member at St. Mary’s College in survived by his wife, Joanne; three daugh- MBA’93; a daughter; a son; his parents; a High-level personal assistant needed. In the New EconomyDaytime Phone

Moraga, CA, and Columbia College in So- ters; a son; a brother; and a grandchild. brother; and a sister. Seeking highly intelligent and organized E-Mail nora, CA. He is survived by his wife, Joan. individual for high-level personal/execu-

Peter Oppenheimer, AB’62, died July 29 1970s 2010s tive assistant role, with responsibility for . Date Smart! PAYMENT MUST ACCOMPANY ORDER in Princeton, NJ. He was 71. After teach- keeping a busy professional and parent on ❒ Visa ❒ Mastercard ❒ Discover .Meet your smart match at TRS! ing philosophy at the University of Mis- Jacob R. Matijevic, SM’70, PhD’73, an Allison Ann Tovo-Dwyer, SB’10, of St. track professionally and personally. This .Join now and two months souri in St. Louis and at the University engineer who worked on three Mars rover Paul, MN, died of gastric cancer Octo - person will help oversee a small staff and are on the house! Account # Exp. Date of Pennsylvania, Oppenheimer worked missions, died of a traumatic lung event Au- ber 11. She was 25. Dwyer was a doctoral assist in managing day-to-day operations ❒ at antiquarian bookstore Witherspoon gust 20 in Los Angeles. He was 64. After student in chemistry at the Massachusetts and long-term projects. Duties will include Check (Payable to University of Chicago Magazine.) Books. Survivors include a brother and teaching mathematics at the University of Institute of Technology, where she re - researching and producing “bottom-line” Celebrating 15 years! Submit form, typed classiﬁed advertisement, and two sisters, including Lucy Oppenheimer Kentucky and the University of Southern searched computational chemistry. Sur- reports for principal, managing commu- of Ivy Dating payment via e-mail to uchicago-magazine@uchicago Hickey, AM’67. California, in 1981 Matijevic joined the Jet vivors include her boyfriend, Jon Baskin, nication and information flow to/from .edu, or by fax to 773.702.8836, or by mail to The University of Chicago Magazine, 401 North Michigan James Reavis, MBA’62, of Nashville, TN, Propulsion Laboratory, where he held sev- AM’12; her parents; her stepparents; her principal, and helping to coordinate staff Avenue, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611. died October 18. He was 72. An Army vet- eral positions, including control systems grandmother; a sister; and two half sisters. activities. Strong project management, 1-800-988-5288

94 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 the university of chicago magazine | jan–feb 2013 95

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