DOCSLIB.ORG

History of the U.S. Attorneys

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
History of the U.S. Attorneys Bicentennial Celebration of the United States Attorneys 1789 - 1989 "The United States Attorney is the representative not of an ordinary party to a controversy, but of a sovereignty whose obligation to govern impartially is as compelling as its obligation to govern at all; and whose interest, therefore, in a criminal prosecution is not that it shall win a case, but that justice shall be done. As such, he is in a peculiar and very definite sense the servant of the law, the twofold aim of which is that guilt shall not escape or innocence suffer. He may prosecute with earnestness and vigor– indeed, he should do so. But, while he may strike hard blows, he is not at liberty to strike foul ones. It is as much his duty to refrain from improper methods calculated to produce a wrongful conviction as it is to use every legitimate means to bring about a just one." QUOTED FROM STATEMENT OF MR. JUSTICE SUTHERLAND, BERGER V. UNITED STATES, 295 U. S. 88 (1935) Note: The information in this document was compiled from historical records maintained by the Offices of the United States Attorneys and by the Department of Justice. Every effort has been made to prepare accurate information. In some instances, this document mentions officials without the “United States Attorney” title, who nevertheless served under federal appointment to enforce the laws of the United States in federal territories prior to statehood and the creation of a federal judicial district. INTRODUCTION In this, the Bicentennial Year of the United States Constitution, the people of America find cause to celebrate the principles formulated at the inception of the nation Alexis de Tocqueville called, “The Great Experiment.” The experiment has worked, and the survival of the Constitution is proof of that. But with the celebration of the Constitution must also come the commemoration of those sharing responsibility for the realization of those noble principles in the lives of the American people, those commissioned throughout our nation’s history as United States Attorneys. Charged in the Constitution with ensuring “that the laws be faithfully executed,” the Presidents of the United States, from George Washington to George Bush, have been responsible for the appointment of United States Attorneys to assist them in carrying out that mandate. Those who live in the Twentieth Century can scarcely imagine life in America two hundred years ago. Victory in the Revolutionary War did not guarantee independence, as the War of 1812 soon proved. Neither did the end of war ensure a peaceful and methodical government. As the infant Union struggled to exist, it soon became apparent that a federal system of courts would be needed to take care of cases beyond the jurisdiction of the states. How could individual states prosecute cases involving crimes at sea or claim jurisdiction in matters such as counterfeiting or fraud against the then-existing national bank? The framers of the Constitution, therefore, included in Article III a directive requiring a system of federal courts to be established just below the United States Supreme Court to deal with such cases. In response to the mandates of the Constitution, Congress enacted the Judiciary Act of 1789, directing the President to appoint in each federal district “a meet person learned in the law to act as an attorney for the United States.” According to 1 Stat. 92, the United States Attorney was “to prosecute in (each) district all delinquents for crimes and offenses cognizable under the authority of the United States, and all civil actions in which the United States shall be concerned.” Within a few days of the passage of the Judiciary Act, President George Washington appointed thirteen distinguished people to fill the offices of United States Attorneys in the newly created federal judicial districts. Among those first appointed were John Marshall, United States Attorney for Virginia, later the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court; and Christopher Gore of Massachusetts, later governor of that state. Those selected for the Office of United States Attorney represented the best from their states. President George Washington wrote to Richard Harrison about accepting the appointment as United States Attorney for the District of New York, “The high importance of the judicial system in our national government makes it an indispensable duty to select such characters to fill the several offices in it as would discharge their respective duties in honor to themselves and advantage to their country.”1 The tradition of appointing those committed to honor, courage, and justice continues to the present day. Those who have held and now hold the Office of United States Attorney reflect the honor of which George Washington spoke two hundred years ago. Ninety-four federal districts exist today with ninety-three United States Attorneys serving in those districts protecting the interest of the United States and its citizens.2 Caseloads involve issues ranging from the brutal to the compassionate. The United States Attorney is the one responsible for translating the concept of justice into the everyday lives of its citizens. A United States Attorney brought to justice a man who had murdered his wife and two young daughters when he had convinced all others of his innocence, and it was a United States Attorney who arranged for the silver from the U.S.S. Missouri to be returned to the home state for display and safekeeping. Before the Civil War, United States Attorneys prosecuted only the cases mentioned specifically in the Constitution, namely, piracy, counterfeiting, treason, felonies committed on the high seas, or cases resulting from interference with federal justice (perjury, bribery), extortion by federal officers, thefts by employees from the United States Bank, and arson of federal vessels.3 Over the years, however, the caseloads have changed as have the responsibilities of the office. 1 The First 100 Years (1789-1889); The United States Attorneys For The Southern District of New York, p. 3. 2 The same United States Attorney serves both the District of Guam and the District of the Marianna Islands. 3 James Eisenstein, Counsel for the United States: U. S. Attorneys in the Political and Legal Systems, (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1978), p. 9. Since 1870, the United States Attorneys have worked under the direction of the United States Department of Justice. Prior to that time, they conducted their duties in what has been described by one former United States Attorney as “splendid isolation . Each was a king in his own domain, appointed by the President of the United States and directly answerable to him alone.”4 Before the institution and regulation of salaries for the office, only a privileged few managed to live like kings. Until 1896, United States Attorneys were paid on a fee system based on the cases they prosecuted. Those fees could amount to quite a substantial sum if the district was located on the coast. In those districts, maritime cases filled the docket with seizures and forfeitures involving substantial amounts of expensive cargo. One United States Attorney in such a district reportedly received an annual income of $100,000 as early as 1804, a substantial fortune for that time. In contrast, when regulated salaries were introduced in 1896, they ranged from $2,500 to $5,000. United States Attorneys exerted even more independence by being able to retain their private practice while holding office, a policy that remained unchanged until 1953. This system occasionally gave rise to awkward situations as one United States Attorney discovered when he found himself prosecuting a defendant represented by the Assistant United States Attorney. In 1820, the President was granted the power by Congress to designate an officer within the Treasury Department to oversee the activities of the United States Attorneys. Ten years later, Congress created the position of Solicitor of the Treasury and empowered it to have control over all United States Attorneys as well as United States Marshals and Clerks of Court. With the attending chaos of the Civil War, the work of the United States Attorneys was thrown into disarray, thus signaling the need for more centralized supervisory control. Congress shifted this control in 1861 from the Solicitor of the Treasury to the Attorney General, but the transfer of full supervisory duties did not occur until 1870 with the creation of the Department of Justice. An Executive Order of the President on June 10, 1933, solidified this change in policy stating, “The functions of prosecuting in the courts of the United States . and of supervising the work of the United States Attorneys . now exercised by any agency or officer, are transferred to the Department of Justice.” 4 Whitney North Seymour, Jr., United States Attorney, (New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1975), p. 46. To this day, however, the United States Attorney retains a large degree of independence and prosecutorial discretion. Obviously United States Attorneys receive direction and policy advice from the Attorney General and other Department officials, but the United States Attorney has wide latitude in determining what cases are taken under consideration in his or her district. “The discretionary power to decide whether to prosecute is awesome,” admitted one United States Attorney.5 So formidable is this power that, “if the United States Attorney abuses this power, the only available remedy is removal.”6 An additional supervisory mechanism was added in 1953 with the creation of the Executive Office for United States Attorneys. An order of the Attorney General on April 6, 1953, established the Executive Office to “provide general executive assistance and supervision to the offices of the United States Attorneys.” In recent years, the Executive Office has acted more as a mediating and coordinating agency rather than in a supervisory capacity.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Inventory of the Ralph Ingersoll Collection #113
    The Inventory of the Ralph Ingersoll Collection #113 Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center John Ingersoll 1625-1684 Bedfordshire, England Jonathan Ingersoll 1681-1760 Connecticut __________________________________________ Rev. Jonathan Ingersoll Jared Ingersoll 1713-1788 1722-1781 Ridgefield, Connecticut Stampmaster General for N.E Chaplain Colonial Troops Colonies under King George III French and Indian Wars, Champlain Admiralty Judge Grace Isaacs m. Jonathan Ingersoll Baron J.C. Van den Heuvel Jared Ingersoll, Jr. 1770-1823 1747-1823 1749-1822 Lt. Governor of Conn. Member Const. Convention, 1787 Judge Superior and Supreme Federalist nominee for V.P., 1812 Courts of Conn. Attorney General Presiding Judge, District Court, PA ___ _____________ Grace Ingersoll Charles Anthony Ingersoll Ralph Isaacs Ingersoll m. Margaret Jacob A. Charles Jared Ingersoll Joseph Reed Ingersoll Zadock Pratt 1806- 1796-1860 1789-1872 1790-1878 1782-1862 1786-1868 Married General Grellet State=s Attorney, Conn. State=s Attorney, Conn. Dist. Attorney, PA U.S. Minister to England, Court of Napoleon I, Judge, U.S. District Court U.S. Congress U.S. Congress 1850-1853 Dept. of Dedogne U.S. Minister to Russia nom. U.S. Minister to under Pres. Polk France Charles D. Ingersoll Charles Robert Ingersoll Colin Macrae Ingersoll m. Julia Helen Pratt George W. Pratt Judge Dist. Court 1821-1903 1819-1903 New York City Governor of Conn., Adjutant General, Conn., 1873-77 Charge d=Affaires, U.S. Legation, Russia, 1840-49 Theresa McAllister m. Colin Macrae Ingersoll, Jr. Mary E. Ingersoll George Pratt Ingersoll m. Alice Witherspoon (RI=s father) 1861-1933 1858-1948 U.S. Minister to Siam under Pres.
    [Show full text]
  • ISIS Agent, Sterling Archer, Launches His Pirate King Theme FX Cartoon Series Archer Gets Its First Hip Hop Video Courtesy of Brooklyn Duo, Drop It Steady
    ISIS agent, Sterling Archer, launches his Pirate King Theme FX Cartoon Series Archer Gets Its First Hip Hop Video courtesy of Brooklyn duo, Drop it Steady Fans of the FX cartoon series Archer do not need to be told of its genius. The show was created by many of the same writers who brought you the Fox series Arrested Development. Similar to its predecessor, Archer has built up a strong and loyal fanbase. As with most popular cartoons nowadays, hip-hop artists tend to flock to the animated world and Archer now has it's hip-hop spin off. Brooklyn-based music duo, Drop It Steady, created a fun little song and video sampling the show. The duo drew their inspiration from a series sub plot wherein Archer became a "pirate king" after his fiancée was murdered on their wedding day in front of him. For Archer fans, the song and video will definitely touch a nerve as Drop it Steady turns the story of being a pirate king into a forum for discussing recent break ups. Video & Music Download: http://www.mediafire.com/?bapupbzlw1tzt5a Official Website: http://www.dropitsteady.com Drop it Steady on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/dropitsteady About Drop it Steady: Some say their music played a vital role in the Arab Spring of 2011. Others say the organizers of Occupy Wall Street were listening to their demo when they began to discuss their movement. Though it has yet to be verified, word that the first two tracks off of their upcoming EP, The Most Interesting EP In The World, were recorded at the ceremony for Prince William and Katie Middleton and are spreading through the internets like wild fire.
    [Show full text]
  • Daniel D. Pratt: Senator and Commissioner
    Daniel D. Pratt: Senator and Commissioner Joseph E. Holliday* The election of Daniel D. Pratt, of Logansport, to the United States Senate in January, 1869, to succeed Thomas A. Hendricks had come after a bitter internal struggle within the ranks of the Republican members of the Indiana General Assembly. The struggle was precipitated by James Hughes, of Bloomington, who hoped to win the honor, but it also uncovered a personal feud between Lieutenant Governor Will E. Cumback, an early favorite for the seat, and Governor Conrad Baker. Personal rivalries threatened party harmony, and after several caucuses were unable to reach an agreement, Pratt was presented as a compromise candidate. He had been his party’s nominee for a Senate seat in 1863, but the Republicans were then the minority party in the legislature. With a majority in 1869, however, the Republicans were able to carry his election. Pratt’s reputation in the state was not based upon office-holding ; he had held no important state office, and his only legislative experience before he went to Washington in 1869 was service in two terms of the general assembly. It was his character, his leadership in the legal profession in northern Indiana, and his loyal service as a campaigner that earned for him the esteem of many in his party. Daniel D. Pratt‘s experience in the United States Senate began with the inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant in March, 1869. Presiding over the Senate was Schuyler Colfax, another Hoosier, who had just been inaugurated vice-president of the United States. During the administration of President Andrew Johnson, the government had been subjected to severe stress and strain between the legislative and executive branches.
    [Show full text]
  • February 2021 L. KINVIN WROTH Résumé PRESENT POSITION
    February 2021 L. KINVIN WROTH Résumé PRESENT POSITION Professor of Law Emeritus, 2017-date, Vermont Law School. 164 Chelsea Street, P.O. Box 96 South Royalton, Vermont 05068 Telephone: 802-831-1268. Fax: 802-831-1408 E-mail: [email protected] OTHER POSITIONS HELD Professor of Law, 1996-2017, Vermont Law School President, 2003-2004, and Dean, 1996-2004, Vermont Law School Professor of Law, University of Maine School of Law, 1966-1996 Dean, University of Maine School of Law, 1980-1990. Acting Dean, University of Maine School of Law, 1978-80. Associate Dean, University of Maine School of Law, 1977-78. Research Fellow, Charles Warren Center for Studies in American History, Harvard University, 1968-74 (concurrent with Maine appointment). Associate Professor of Law, University of Maine School of Law, 1964-66. Research Associate, Harvard Law School, 1962-64. Teaching Fellow/Assistant Professor of Law, Dickinson School of Law, 1960-62. Active duty, Lieutenant, USAF, 1954-57 (Intelligence Officer). PLACE AND DATE OF BIRTH Providence, Rhode Island, July 9, 1932 EDUCATION Moses Brown School, Providence, R.I., 1950 B.A., Yale, 1954 LL.B. (J.D.), Harvard, 1960 PUBLICATIONS Books: Coeditor, with Hiller B. Zobel, Legal Papers of John Adams, 3 vols., Harvard, 1965; paper, Atheneum, 1968; and on line at http://www.masshist.org/ff/browseVol.php?series=lja&vol=1, …vol=2,… vol=3. Coauthor, with Richard H. Field and Vincent L. McKusick, Maine Civil Practice, 2d edition, 2 vols., West, 1970, and 1972, 1974, 1977, and 1981 Supplements (with Charles A. Harvey, Jr., and Raymond G. McGuire).
    [Show full text]
  • America's Fascination with Multiple Murder
    CHAPTER ONE AMERICA’S FASCINATION WITH MULTIPLE MURDER he break of dawn on November 16, 1957, heralded the start of deer hunting T season in rural Waushara County, Wisconsin. The men of Plainfield went off with their hunting rifles and knives but without any clue of what Edward Gein would do that day. Gein was known to the 647 residents of Plainfield as a quiet man who kept to himself in his aging, dilapidated farmhouse. But when the men of the vil- lage returned from hunting that evening, they learned the awful truth about their 51-year-old neighbor and the atrocities that he had ritualized within the walls of his farmhouse. The first in a series of discoveries that would disrupt the usually tranquil town occurred when Frank Worden arrived at his hardware store after hunting all day. Frank’s mother, Bernice Worden, who had been minding the store, was missing and so was Frank’s truck. But there was a pool of blood on the floor and a trail of blood leading toward the place where the truck had been garaged. The investigation of Bernice’s disappearance and possible homicide led police to the farm of Ed Gein. Because the farm had no electricity, the investigators con- ducted a slow and ominous search with flashlights, methodically scanning the barn for clues. The sheriff’s light suddenly exposed a hanging figure, apparently Mrs. Worden. As Captain Schoephoerster later described in court: Mrs. Worden had been completely dressed out like a deer with her head cut off at the shoulders.
    [Show full text]
  • County Contact Information Updated October 8, 2020
    County Contact Information Updated October 8, 2020 County District Area Engineer Anderson Tyler Frierson Tymli Andrews Odessa Beeman Thomas Angelina Lufkin Frierson Tymli Aransas Corpus Christi Arocho Valeria Archer Wichita Falls Rodriguez Yamayra Armstrong Amarillo Rodriguez Yamayra Atascosa San Antonio Pratt Samantha Austin Yoakum Pratt Samantha Bailey Lubbock Beeman Thomas Bandera San Antonio Pratt Samantha Bastrop Austin Ham Justin Baylor Wichita Falls Rodriguez Yamayra Bee Corpus Christi Arocho Valeria Bell Waco Rodriguez Yamayra Bexar San Antonio Pratt Samantha Blanco Austin Ham Justin Borden Abilene Beeman Thomas Bosque Waco Rodriguez Yamayra Bowie Atlanta Frierson Tymli Brazoria Houston Pratt Philip Brazos Bryan Pratt Philip Brewster El Paso Beeman Thomas Briscoe Childress Rodriguez Yamayra Brooks Pharr Patel Ujval Brown Brownwood Ham Justin Burleson Bryan Pratt Philip Calhoun Yoakum Pratt Samantha Callahan Abilene Beeman Thomas Cameron Pharr Patel Ujval Camp Atlanta Frierson Tymli Carson Amarillo Rodriguez Yamayra Cass Atlanta Frierson Tymli Castro Lubbock Beeman Thomas Chambers Beaumont Rumancik Clarence Cherokee Tyler Frierson Tymli Childress Childress Rodriguez Yamayra Cochran Lubbock Beeman Thomas Coke San Angelo Arocho Valeria Coleman Brownwood Ham Justin County District Area Engineer Collin Dallas Patel Ujval Collingsworth Childress Rodriguez Yamayra Colorado Yoakum Pratt Samantha Comal San Antonio Pratt Samantha Comanche Brownwood Ham Justin Concho San Angelo Arocho Valeria Cooke Wichita Falls Rodriguez Yamayra Coryell
    [Show full text]
  • Philadelphia and the Southern Elite: Class, Kinship, and Culture in Antebellum America
    PHILADELPHIA AND THE SOUTHERN ELITE: CLASS, KINSHIP, AND CULTURE IN ANTEBELLUM AMERICA BY DANIEL KILBRIDE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1997 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In seeing this dissertation to completion I have accumulated a host of debts and obligation it is now my privilege to acknowledge. In Philadelphia I must thank the staff of the American Philosophical Society library for patiently walking out box after box of Society archives and miscellaneous manuscripts. In particular I must thank Beth Carroll- Horrocks and Rita Dockery in the manuscript room. Roy Goodman in the Library’s reference room provided invaluable assistance in tracking down secondary material and biographical information. Roy is also a matchless authority on college football nicknames. From the Society’s historian, Whitfield Bell, Jr., I received encouragement, suggestions, and great leads. At the Library Company of Philadelphia, Jim Green and Phil Lapansky deserve special thanks for the suggestions and support. Most of the research for this study took place in southern archives where the region’s traditions of hospitality still live on. The staff of the Mississippi Department of Archives and History provided cheerful assistance in my first stages of manuscript research. The staffs of the Filson Club Historical Library in Louisville and the Special Collections room at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond were also accommodating. Special thanks go out to the men and women at the three repositories at which the bulk of my research was conducted: the Special Collections Library at Duke University, the Southern Historical Collection of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and the Virginia Historical Society.
    [Show full text]
  • A University Microfilms International
    INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Current State, Local, Tribal and Territorial Government Coordinating Council Members’ Biographies
    Current State, Local, Tribal and Territorial Government Coordinating Council Members’ Biographies Chair - Curtis Parsons, Homeland Security and Emergency Management Coordinator, Lenawee County, Michigan Mr. Parsons is a twenty-five year veteran of the fire service with fifteen years as a chief officer. He is a certified firefighter, fire officer, and licensed fire code inspector with the state of Michigan. He founded the Lenawee County CISD team and served on the county technical rescue team. In a career running parallel to his involvement in the fire services, he was also employed at a chemical manufacturing facility. As site safety trainer he instructed employees in hazardous materials, response & mitigation, incident command, and confined space entry and rescue procedures. He retired from the chemical industry after thirty-five years to accept his current position with Lenawee County. Curtis is a member of the Michigan Emergency Management Association (MEMA), the Michigan Fire Inspectors Society, and the national All-Hazards Incident Management Team Association. He sits on the local county planning committee, the county medical control authority, and the county health and American Red Cross board of directors. He holds a bachelor's degree in public safety and a master's degree in leadership with a concentration in emergency management from Siena Heights University and has earned the designation as a Professional Emergency Manager (PEM) with the Michigan State Police. He serves as the Michigan Region One committee chair for the development of a regional all-hazards incident management team and the board's executive committee. Vice Chair - Brian Wright, Director, Critical Infrastructure Program, State of New York Brian K.
    [Show full text]
  • Archer Season 1 Episode 9
    1 / 2 Archer Season 1 Episode 9 Find where to watch Archer: Season 11 in New Zealand. An animated comedy centered on a suave spy, ... Job Offer (Season 1, Episode 9) FXX. Line of the .... Lookout Landing Podcast 119: The Mariners... are back? 1 hr 9 min.. The season finale of "Archer" was supposed to end the series. ... Byer, and Sterling Archer, voice of H. Jon Benjamin, in an episode of "Archer.. Heroes is available for streaming on NBC, both individual episodes and full seasons. In this classic scene from season one, Peter saves Claire. Buy Archer: .... ... products , is estimated at $ 1 billion to $ 10 billion annually . ... Douglas Archer , Ph.D. , director of the division of microbiology in FDA's Center for Food ... Food poisoning is not always just a brief - albeit harrowing - episode of Montezuma's revenge . ... sampling and analysis to prevent FDA Consumer / July - August 1988/9.. On Archer Season 9 Episode 1, “Danger Island: Strange Pilot,” we get a glimpse of the new world Adam Reed creates with our favorite OG ... 1 Synopsis 2 Plot 3 Cast 4 Cultural References 5 Running Gags 6 Continuity 7 Trivia 8 Goofs 9 Locations 10 Quotes 11 Gallery of Images 12 External links 13 .... SVERT Na , at 8 : HOMAS Every Evening , at 9 , THE MANEUVRES OF JANE ... HIT ENTFORBES ' SEASON . ... Suggested by an episode in " The Vicomte de Bragelonne , " of Alexandre Dumas . ... Norman Forbes , W. H. Vernon , W. L. Abingdon , Charles Sugden , J. Archer ... MMG Bad ( des Every Morning , 9.30 to 1 , 38.. see season 1 mkv, The Vampire Diaries Season 5 Episode 20.mkv: 130.23 ..
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF Law Enforcement Operations in the United States
    [PDF] Law Enforcement Operations in the United States: Waco Siege, Yfz Ranch, Ruby Ridge, Postville Raid,... Law Enforcement Operations in the United States: Waco Siege, Yfz Ranch, Ruby Ridge, Postville Raid, 1986 FBI Miami Shootout, North Hollywood Shootout, Book Review These kinds of ebook is the perfect publication offered. It is among the most incredible publication i have go through. You will not feel monotony at whenever you want of your time (that's what catalogues are for concerning if you check with me). (Delia Schoen) LAW ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES: WA CO SIEGE, YFZ RA NCH, RUBY RIDGE, POSTV ILLE RA ID, 1986 FBI MIA MI SHOOTOUT, NORTH HOLLYW OOD SHOOTOUT, - To save Law Enforcement Operations in the United States: Waco Sieg e, Yfz Ranch, Ruby Ridg e, Postville Raid, 1986 FBI Miami Shootout, North Hollywood Shootout, PDF, you should access the link under and download the file or gain access to other information that are related to Law Enforcement Operations in the United States: Waco Siege, Yfz Ranch, Ruby Ridge, Postville Raid, 1986 FBI Miami Shootout, North Hollywood Shootout, ebook. » Download Law Enforcement Operations in the United States: W aco Sieg e, Yfz Ranch, Ruby Ridg e, Postville Raid, 1986 FBI Miami Shootout, North Hollywood Shootout, PDF « Our professional services was launched having a wish to serve as a complete online electronic library which offers use of large number of PDF file archive collection. You will probably find many kinds of e-guide along with other literatures from the documents data bank. Specific well-known subject areas that distribute on our catalog are popular books, solution key, examination test question and solution, guide example, exercise guide, test trial, consumer guide, consumer guidance, service instructions, maintenance handbook, and many others.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the Florida Supreme Court
    University of Miami Law Review Volume 35 Number 5 Article 7 9-1-1981 A History of the Florida Supreme Court The Honorable Joseph A. Boyd Jr. Randall Reder Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/umlr Recommended Citation The Honorable Joseph A. Boyd Jr. and Randall Reder, A History of the Florida Supreme Court, 35 U. Miami L. Rev. 1019 (1981) Available at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/umlr/vol35/iss5/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Miami Law Review by an authorized editor of University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLES A History of the Florida Supreme Court THE HONORABLE JOSEPH A. BOYD, JR.* and RANDALL REDER** To a certain extent, the development of Florida'smodern ju- dicial processes and institutions can be understood by looking closely at the history of the individuals who have served on the state's foremost judicial body, the Florida Supreme Court. Un- fortunately, many of the historical insights and anecdotes con- cerning the justices have been lost or are scattered over many different sources. This article pulls together many of these scattered materials and presents an insider's look into the lives and aspirationsof the men who have served and shaped Flor- ida's Supreme Court. I. THE TERRITORIAL COURTS OF FLORIDA ................................... 1019 II. FLORIDA'S FIRST SUPREME COURT ........................................ 1020 III.
    [Show full text]