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The Aloe Plant and San Rock Art • Tangible and Intangible Heritage and Their Examples

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The Aloe Plant and San Rock Art • Tangible and Intangible Heritage and Their Examples Grade 5 – History Task 21 Lesson presented by: Miss Ngema Topic: Revision Complete all the tasks Use exam pad from 18-20 Instructions Refer to your textbook Write neatly and or any other relevant legible sources of information Introduction Task 21 is the combination of all our previous lessons from task 18-20 and it is aimed at preparing you for your final examination. We will recap on our previously discussed topics shortly. We will first look at the provinces and their capital cities. A province is a large section of a country which has its own administration and government. There are nine provinces in South Africa, each province has a capital city where its government meets. Below are 9 provinces with their capital cities: • KwaZulu Natal - Pietermaritzburg • Gauteng- Johannesburg • Eastern Cape- Bisho • Western Cape- Cape Town • Northern Cape- Kimberly • North West- Mafikeng • Mpumalanga- Mbombela • Free State- Bloemfontein • Limpopo- Polokwane We have reviewed our provinces and their capital cities, now let us look at heritage. • Every province is known for its heritage- What is heritage? • Heritage is something that is handed down from the past, for example the rituals you may have to perform will be passed down to you from your parents to you. • Heritage can be tangible and intangible. • Tangible heritage includes things we can see and touch, such as heritage sites, art, objects, people, plants and mountains. • Intangible heritage includes things such as our family heritage, languages, music, religion, dance, praise poetry and festivals. • South Africa has a very rich and diverse heritage that belongs to all South Africans and it includes both tangibles and intangibles. The different types of food we eat, the various languages we speak, the different ways of doing things, our different religions and different types of traditional clothes we wear all form part our heritage in South Africa. We celebrate a heritage day in South Africa every year on the 24 of September. On this day, we perform different festivals, dress up for our different religions, eat our various foods, sing our songs, poetry in motion, do our dances and show off our art work. • On the next slide, we will look at heritage sites and objects that each province has. The table below shows provinces and their heritage sites 1. Makhonjwa mountains Mpumalanga 2. The castle Western Cape 3. The Aloe healing plant Eastern Cape 4. Frances Baard Northern Cape 5. The Golden Rhino Limpopo 6. The Gariep Dam Free State 7. Cradle of human kind Gauteng 8. San Rock Art KwaZulu Natal 9. Kaditshwene, a very old stone walled town North West The heritage sites on the previous slides have different heritage objects found in them, let us look at the kind of heritage that can be found in some of these heritage sites The remains of dead animals, plants and human form part of the heritage and these are referred to as tangible heritage since we can see and touch them. Palaeontologists found most of these remains and these remains are kept in some of the heritage sites in different provinces. Fossils are parts of ancient animals and humans that are now hardened such as rock. • Fossils from millions of years ago have been found all over the world. • One of the richest fossil sites in the world is Sterkfontein, one of the sites of the Cradle of Humankind near Johannesburg in Gauteng Province. • Palaeontologists are scientists who study fossils, they study fossils found at Sterkfointein and other sites at the Cradle of Humankind. Professor Ronald J. Clarke and his assistants, Stephen Motsumi and Nkwane Molefe, found a nearly complete skeleton of an early hominid in the Sterkfontein caves. They nicknamed it “Little Foot”. • A hominid is a being that walked upright and used tools, many hominid skulls and bones have been found in Cradle of Humankind. • Professor Robert Broom found the skull of an adult hominid nicknamed “Mrs Ples”. • The fossils of hominid skulls and bones show that hominids lived in the Sterkfontein Valley over 3 millions years ago. • The city of Johannesburg is not even 200 years old. A lot of famous fossils were discovered in Sterkfontein and other sites. • Professor Lee Berger found bones from two hominid skeletons at another site on the Cradle of Humankind. We mentioned that heritage can be people as well, here we talk about our legends, people who made difference in others lives and who fought for the best of their fellow citizens. On the next slide we will briefly discuss Frances Baard as one of our heritage in human. Frances Baard • Frances Baard is one of our tangible heritage in our country • She was born in Kimberley in the Northern Cape Province. • She was a teacher by profession before she became active in the struggle against Apartheid • She did not like the way black South African were treated at that time and she decided to stand up for them, for doing that, she was put in prison by the apartheid government. • She lived long enough to be able to cast her vote for the first democratic government in the 1994 elections. • She then died in 1997. • After she passed on, Kimberley district was named after her in her honour and it is now known as Frances Baard municipality. Heritage in names • Names of places also form part of our heritage, this includes special things like landmarks such as rivers, dams and mountains. • The Gariep Dam located in South Africa , near the town of Norvalspont, bordering the Free State and Eastern Cape provinces along the Orange River. Its primary purpose is for irrigation, domestic and industrial use as well for power generation. Orange River is the longest river in South Africa. It forms the boundary of the Free State, in Sesotho, it is known as Sanqu River. This flows into the Geriep Dam, the largest dam in South Africa. • When this dam was built, it was called the Verwoerd Dam, Dr Verwoerd was a white South African leader during apartheid. After 1994 democratic elections, the new democratic government renamed the Verwoerd dam, it is now called “ the Gariep Dam” , the term gariep is from the San language Heritage in plants and the San rock art • The aloe is the plant that grows in the Eastern Cape province and the san rock art is found in KwaZulu Natal at Ukhahlamba park heritage site in Drakensberg. Indigenous knowledge of healing is a heritage on its own, because it is passed on from generation to generation by healers. Part of this knowledge that comes naturally is about the characteristics of plants. Let us look at the aloe plant. • The aloe is a special healing plant that grows in the Eastern Cape, in isiXhosa it is called “ikhala”. It has many healing properties. It stores water in its thick, fleshy green leaves. The leaves are sharp and spiky. The juicy leaves of the aloe are used as medicine for stomach aches, to help heal the cuts and burns and the juice produced by the plant can also be used to keep the skin soft. Many modern medicines have their origins in plants which have been used in the treatment of illnesses and diseases. Scientists work together with the traditional healers to look for and to verify plants that can be used as cures for various illnesses and diseases. • The uKhahlamba Park in the Drakensberg in the KwaZulu Natal Province is a world heritage site. This is the park that contains more than 40 000 rock art paintings. It is important that we look after our natural and cultural heritage as these draw attention of the tourists which helps to uplift the economy of the country and make our provinces the places of attraction. There are hundreds of thousands of rock art paintings in South Africa but the San people did most of these rock paintings. san rock art, it has an eland which shows the symbol of power and had a special place in the hearts and minds of the San. The eland is the most commonly drawn animal in San rock art. Test scope • Definitions - Intangible, - fossils, - tangible, - Intangible, - apartheid, - palaeontologist, - struggle, - government, - heritage. • Provinces, capital cities and heritage sites. • The aloe plant and san rock art • Tangible and intangible heritage and their examples.
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