Consumption of Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Bifidobacterium Longum Do Not Alter Urinary Equol Excretion and Plasma Reproductive Hormones in Premenopausal Women
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2004) 58, 1635–1642 & 2004 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0954-3007/04 $30.00 www.nature.com/ejcn ORIGINAL COMMUNICATION Consumption of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum do not alter urinary equol excretion and plasma reproductive hormones in premenopausal women MJL Bonorden1, KA Greany1, KE Wangen1, WR Phipps2, J Feirtag1, H Adlercreutz3 and MS Kurzer1* 1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; and 3Division of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Objective: To confirm the results of an earlier study showing premenopausal equol excretors to have hormone profiles associated with reduced breast cancer risk, and to investigate whether equol excretion status and plasma hormone concentrations can be influenced by consumption of probiotics. Design: A randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm trial. Subjects: In all, 34 of the initially enrolled 37 subjects completed all requirements. Intervention: All subjects were followed for two full menstrual cycles and the first seven days of a third cycle. During menstrual cycle 1, plasma concentrations of estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estrone-sulfate (E1-S), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured on cycle day 2, 3, or 4, and urinary equol measured on day 7 after a 4-day soy challenge. Subjects then received either probiotic capsules (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum) or placebo capsules through day 7 of menstrual cycle 3, at which time both the plasma hormone concentrations and the post-soy challenge urinary equol measurements were repeated.
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