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The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly The Rockefeller University Newsletters

9-1957

The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly 1957, vol.1, no. 3

The Rockefeller University

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VOLUME 1 NUMBER 3 SEPTEMBER 1957

disposition of space, plane, and line in the LEAF AND STONE: LANDSCAPING structures with which it is associated. He points out that this was one of the features of Byzantine architecture, in which masses OF THE INSTITUTE CAMPUS of minute ornamental detail in mosaic and tile were distributed as architectural ele­ THE PHYSICAL RESOURCES of the In­ situated campus into a gracious setting for ments. So also the infinite detailof leaf and stitute are remarkable and in many re­ the Institute Dan Kiley, a landscape archi­ stem becomes, on a larger scale, mass and spects unique. No effort has been spared tect of Charlotte, Vermont was chosen. form. Mr. Kiley is a landscape architect to provide facilities and equipment in the The elaboration of the landscaping devel­ who is equally skilled in designing struc­ laboratories that are ideal for research and opmenthas been paralleled and encouraged tures, city planning, and integrated site teaching. Old laboratories are being re­ by the development of a warm friendship planning for modern research and indus­ built and new ones constructed. New between Mr. Kiley and President Bronk. trial centers. Indeed, his plans for the In­ buildings which house facilities for teach­ Each recognized in the other a desire to stitute grounds began with a structure-a ing, for scientific meetings and for social use the unique qualities of the natural set­ marble and slate surfaced pavilion 70 feet gatherings are being completed. Many of ting of the Institute in a design that would by 200 feet supported on shallow concrete the world's greatest cultural institutions enhance the beauty of its campus and arches covering about a third of the park­ are nearby. assist its aim of furthering science. ing area. The roof of the pavilion will form But in spite of all this, being located in Mr. Kiley regards planting, not as mere a terrace nearly adjacent to the terrace of a great city, the Institute has lacked the adornment, but as an integral part of the ( continued on next page) quiet, contemplative environment of natu­ ral beauty that is characteristic of the uni­ versities in which creative scholarship has flourished. Accordingly it has been one of the aspirations of President Bronk to pro­ vide a beautiful setting for the new build­ ings and the old ones-an environment in which the faculty, the staff, and the stu­ dents may enjoy the quiet beauties of na­ ture as well as the stimulating intellectual and artistic advantages of New York City. In bringing this long-cherished ideal to the reality that we see springing up around us, Dr. Bronk has enjoyed the imaginative and devoted support of his fellow trustees -especially that of Mr. David Rockefeller, Chairman of the Board. Mr. Rockefeller is already noted for his many and fruitful efforts to beautify the city of New York, to improve its housing, and to make urban life more pleasant. Through a munificent gift he has now brought new beauty and charm to the campus of the Institute-. To transform our spacious and happily Model of northwest corner of the Rockefeller Institute campus: Landscaping and new building Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. True to his ture, then with landscaping, and recently well as at the University of Florida. concept of the role of planting Mr. Kiley with integrated planning for such cen­ When the parking area is restored to plans to border theterrace, not with stone ters as the new IBM Research Center at use and the landscaping completed, all of or steel, but with a hedge of yew. Access to Poughkeepsie, the Union Carbide Center us at the Institute will join Mr. Kiley, the parking area from the main level of the in Westchester County, and the United President Bronk, and Mr. Rockefeller in campus will be by a stairway cut through States Air Force Academy at Colorado looking with pleasure and satisfaction on the pavilion. Suspended on stressed quar­ Springs. He has recently done work on the a work of beauty and harmony in plant ter-inch stainless steel cables, the stairway landscaping of the grounds of Concordia and stone as a new background against will appear to float in space. Lutheran College in Fort Wayne, at the which research and education at the Insti­ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as tute will proceed. SPECIFICALLY: THE PLAN Mr. Kiley's general plan for landscaping the Institute grounds can be seen in the NATIONAL ACADE_MY AUTUMN photograph of the model of Caspary Hall and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. The view is toward the south east from high MEETING AT THE INSTITUTE above the intersection of 68th Street and York Avenue. He regards his work here as TRADITIONALLY the National Academy of demonstrations for members of the one of his most interesting undertakings, of Sciences is the guest of an academic or Academy. for it offers opportunity for overall plan­ scientific institution on the occasion of its A reception and a formal banquet for ning in conjunction with new construction Autumn Meeting. This year, on Novem­ menibers and their guests will be held on and yet demands constant attention to the ber 1 8, 19, and 20, the Rockefeller Insti­ Tuesday evening in Welch Hall. need to harmonize the new buildings with tute and the New York Botanical Garden Scientific Sessions will be held at the those designed half a century ago. To do will be co-hosts to the Academy in New Institute on Wednesday, the morning ses­ this Mr. Kiley will retain the long row of York. sion to include a symposium on the parity plane trees, planted in 1 9 1 3, closely paral­ Registration of the approximately I oo principle being arranged by Professor Rabi leling the new buildings, but he is adding members of the Academy and their guests of Columbia University. opposite them and near theolder buildings who are expected at the meeting will be in A program of interest to the lady guests a corresponding row of cryptomeria,a J ap­ Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall at the In­ of the Academy members has been ar­ anese evergreen that grows in a tall and stitute on Monday morning, November 18. ranged during the meetings. In addition to slender shape. Between them at intervals Following a brief scientific session and the visit to the Botanical Garden on Mon­ will be holly, yews and azaleas, as well as business meeting in Caspary Auditorium day afternoon, there will be a luncheon at many of the trees and shrubs now border­ the members and their guests will leave theMetropolitan Museum on Tuesday and ing the buildings. for a luncheon and the afternoon at the on Wednesday a luncheon at the Cosmo­ The walkways in Mr. Kiley's plan will Botanical Garden. The lady guests of the politan Club followed by a visit to the offera refreshing contrast to the hundreds Academy will enjoy the gardens while sci­ Cloisters in Fort Tryon Park in the after­ of acres of concrete and asphalt with entific sessions are in progress. All of the noon. which we are surrounded. They will be scientific sessions during the meetings are made of finely-crushed marble rolled to a open to the public. firm macadam surface between granite Monday evening will begin with an in­ HONORS FROM GIESSEN curbs. Low lights edge the walks for soft formal dinner in Welch Hall at the Insti­ illumination at night, and here and there tute followed by a public lecture in Caspary THE UNIVERSITY OF GIESSEN in Mr. Kiley has also provided illumination Auditorium by Wilder Penfield, Director Germany, in celebrating its 3 50th Anni­ for clusters of shrubbery. of the Montreal Neurological Institute, versary this Summer, awarded honorary Other changes are being made in the who is a Foreign Associate of the Academy. degrees of Doctor of Science to Dr. Richard north end of thecampus in addition to the After the lecture President and Mrs. E. Shope and Dr. Paul A. Weiss, both of parking pavilion. The 68th Street gate will Bronk wiII be hosts to the members at a the Institute faculty. Dr. Warren 0. Nel­ be moved and remodeled to be used as a reception in the President's Residence. son of the Population Council, who has his service entrance only. The main parking Tuesday will be devoted to Scientific laboratory at the Institute, was also award­ area will be entered from a new gate on Sessions at the Institute. The morning ses­ ed an honorary degree of Doctor of Medi­ York Avenue near 68th Street. These sion will include a symposium on amino cine. This concentration of distinctions at changes will probably not be completed acid activation which is being organized the Institute is the more noteworthy in before the first of the year. by Dr. Lipmann. Dr. A. J. Riker of the view of the fact that these were three of Mr. Kiley studied at Harvard Univer­ University of Wisconsin is organizing a the five Americans so honored and that sity's Graduate School of Design. He then symposium on plant tumors to be held dur­ they were selected independently, Dr. Nel­ embarked upon a career in what might be ing the afternoon session. After the sci­ son by the faculty of medicine, Dr. Shope called environmental design, beginning entific sessions some of the laboratories at by the faculty of veterinary medicine, and with furniture, following with architec- the Institute will be open for an hour Dr. Weiss by the science faculty. than twenty-five like-minded doctors who ALFRED EINSTEIN COHN studied along with him for periods ranging up to several years. Through this he devel­ MEMBER EMERITUS 1879-1957 oped a school of critical investigators of diseases of the heart and the circulatory ALFRED EINSTEIN COHN was inti­ brought with him a string galvanometer system, many of whom went on to earn mately associated with and devoted to the and was one of the very firstto record elec­ eminent reputations and high academic Rockefeller Institute for forty-six years; trocardiograms in the United States. Heart posts in other medical institutions. He had thirty-three as an active member of the disease was one of the five major maladies a large and prolonged influenceon medical scientificstaff of the Hospital; thirteen as chosen by Dr. Rufus Cole, the first Direc­ education, diagnosis and practice for many Member Emeritus. After a long illness, he tor, for concentrated study at the Hospital, of those who studied with him became in­ died on July 20, 1957 at seventy-eight and the unique opportunity to devote him­ vestigators and teachers. years of age. He leaves a host of warm self to its study was precisely what Cohn The many scientific publications which friends among the past and present staffof desired. -came from Dr. Cohn's service and labora­ the Institute and an even larger number With Dr. G. Canby Robinson and Dr. tory through the years reveal the breadth among persons not associated with it. George Draper, Dr. Cohn began extended of his interests and the comprehensive way Dr. Cohn was an erudite scholar whose in which he and his associates approached wide interests encompassed many fields their problems. Not only were there many and earned for him high regard in the publications on clinical investigations on a world of culture. His abiding loves were wide variety of cardiac and vascular dis­ science, the heart of man, and books. He eases, b_ut also an even larger number successfully integrated these interests in dealt with problems in the basic sciences. his devotion to the Hospital of the Insti­ Some of his most widely known studies tute. Throughout his life he remained were concerned with the measurable ef­ deeply engrossed with all and so had full fects of digitalis and certain other drugs scope for his investigative, philosophical on the action of the heart in normal and and literary enthusiasms. He was a coura­ diseased states. His fields of interest in­ geous pioneer and took a leading part in cluded much of biology, and his laboratory the stimulating events that, early in the made contributions to knowledge in anat­ century, changed the character of medi­ omy, embryology, physiology and biochem­ cine and set it on the course that led from istry, in addition to those in pathology, empirical art to verifiable science. pharmacology and medicine. His extended The Hospital of the Institute was investigations on electrocardiography were opened officially in October, 191 o. It was not restricted to cardiovascular diseases the first medical institution dedicated to and included studies on other processes, the principle that clinical services should particularly pneumococcal pneumonia and be operated by full-time investigators, free investigations with the electrocardiograph rheumatic fever. of the distractions of medical practice, which had been set up the Hospital only He performed important services for with untrammeled opportunities for inten­ a few months before his arrival. He was the national government during and be­ sive research. Dr. Cohn accepted the posi­ one of the very few who had any experi­ tween World Wars I and II, and held tion of Associate and Assistant Physician ence with the new device and at the time prominent positions in the Office of the on the staff of the Hospital, a brief eight there were no more than four other similar Surgeon General of the Army, the Vet­ months after it was inaugurated. He was instruments in the country. Sir Francis erans Administration, the Committee for then only 3 2 years of age but had already Fraser ( then Dr. Fraser) joined this group National Morale, the Board for Economic acquired seven years of graduate training in 1912. By 1914, when Dr. Cohn was Warfare, and the Office of Foreign Relief after receiving his degree in medicine made an Associate Member, his earlier and Rehabilitation Operations. from the College of Physicians and Sur­ associates had gone on from the Institute. Dr. Cohn took a leading part in the ac­ geons of Columbia University; 5 years at He became, and remained, until his retire­ tivities of various organizations concerned Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, and 2 ment in 1 944, the leader of the laboratory with public health and for many years years at the Universities of Freiburg and and clinical service devoted to the study of held positions of large responsibility in the Vienna and at University College London. heart disease. New York Heart Association, the New His early interest in heart disease was Through the rare opportunity to con­ York Tuberculosis and Health Association, greatly advanced by his studies with Sir centrate wholly on the problems of a major the New York Academy of Medicine, the James MacKenzie and Sir Thomas Lewis disease, he became one of the first full­ Research Council of the Department of with whom he did his first investigations time clinical investigators and one of the Hospitals of New York City, and the Com­ using the newly developed electrocardio­ first cardiologists in the United States. mittee on Research in Medical Economics. graph. On returning to Mount Sinai Hos­ During the many years of his work in the He served for many years on the Board of pital from his studies abroad, Dr. Cohn Hospital, he was associated with more ( continued on next page) Editors of the Journal of Clinical Investi­ brary, which he used during many hoiirs lief in the destiny of America. And the gation and the Bulletin of the New York each day, ranging over the whole gamut American ideal, they believe with Jeffer­ Academy of Medicine. of human thought and knowledge. Con­ son, is to be realized through making Among his other affiliations, to which versations with him would often lead to actual the promise that was implied in his he devoted much time and effort, were: the later arrival of a book bearing closely Declaration of Independence. Jefferson the Group on Adult Education of the Car­ on the issue discussed, whether it were went a step further. He believed that the negie Corporation, the American Associa­ Chinese philosophy or the history of tech­ way of that realization is through know­ tion for Adult Education, the China Medi­ nology. ing, through reason and, finally, through cal Board of the Rockefeller Foundation, Not only did he read extensively the choice. Men believe this still. That is why the Lasker Foundation, the Committee for thoughts of others but also he wrote his the debate on what they are to know is Displaced Foreign Scholars and Displaced own. Between 19 3 I and 1950 he pub­ conducted, and will continue to be con­ Foreign Physicians, the American Com­ lished four volumes dealing with medi­ ducted with passion, but in good temper." mittee for Emigre Scholars, Writers and cine, science, art, education, and logic and Dr. Cohn spared no effort to make his Artists, the Council on Foreign Relations, their interrelationships. These were "Medi­ home a cultural center where young inves­ the Student Service of America, the Syden­ cine, Science and Art: Studies in Inter­ tigators could exchange ideas with mature ham Institution, Irvington House for the relations," "Minerva's Progress" and "No scientists, artists, writers, and others who Care of Children with Heart Disease, the Retreat from Reason, and other Essays." delighted in the flowering of the intellect. Metropolitan Museum of Art and numer­ His most extensive work, "The Burden of During many years he frequently and gra­ ous others. Diseases in the United States," written ciously entertained small groups chosen After his return from France, where he with Claire Lingg, was a monumental un­ ,vith careful discernment and constantly served during \Vorld War I, Dr. Cohn was dertaking which has received wide atten­ fostered the spirit of wide ranging discus­ invited to preside at the bimonthly dinner tion. sion and free enquiry-conducted always meetings of the Journal Club of the Hos­ There is perhaps no better indication of "with passion, but in good temper." pital. This informal association, initiated Dr. Cohn's sense of responsibility toward FRANKL. HORSFALL, JR. in the early days of the Hospital by Dr. the political, cultural, and intellectual life Vice-President and Physician-in-Chief Cole, embraced all of the professionalstaff. of the nation than the excerptfrom a letter Dr. Cohn considered the discussions at by M. DuPont de Nemours to Thomas the Journal Club to be so valuable to a Jefferson with which he introduced his PAUL WEISS HONORED broad scientific culture among investiga­ collection of essays, "Minerva's Progress": tors that he refused to let any commitment "I regret that you have not yet actively be­ BY LEITZ prevent his attendance. During more than gun the public education of your nation ... 30 years, he presided over the club with When one wishes to have citizens, one THE ERNST LEITZ OPTICAL WORKS great skill and much urbane charm and must make them." This delightful book, of Wetzlar, Germany, has honored Dr. guided its unplanned discussions with a published in I 946 by Harcourt, Brace and Paul A. Weiss by giving him its 500,oooth gentle hand and ready wit. He came to Company, Dr. Cohn subtitled "Tradition microscope in recognition of his funda­ know all on the gradually evolving staff and Dissent in American Culture." In it he mental contributions to knowledge of liv­ of the Hospital closely and was a wise, wrote: -"Years spent as a physician active ing structures and their development. The kind and sympathetic counsellor to the in medical research seem unlikely prep­ instrument was presented to Dr. Weiss by many who brought him their problems, aration for writing on the subject of this Dr. Ernst Leitz at a special ceremony at personal as well as scientific.He continued essay. It has in fact been a full life. But the Zoological Institute of the University to bear the responsibilities of the Journal existence has many other attractions and of Giessen during the University's celebra­ Club for many years after his retirement pleasures you cannot afford to let slip by. tion of its 3 50th Anniversary this Summer. and relinquished them only when it had If yon do, problems, and excitements too, Mr. Henry Mann, President of E. Leitz, become physically impossible to carry on. of citizenship escape you as well as the Inc., American distributor of Leitz optical For many years his laboratories, domi­ opportunity to observe the fast and tense equipment, personally delivered the micro­ nated by the massive triple galvanometer and moving scene. Besides, if you let them scope to Dr. Weiss at an informal cere­ electrocardiograph in the heart station, pass, the end, especially the official end, mony at the Institute. Dr. Hugo Freund, and his offices occupied the top-most floor may turn out to be dull. I did not want Director of the German Leitz organization of the Hospital. There many eminent per­ mine to be. I have often managed to take as well as other officials of the Leitz com­ sons sought him out and listened to his count of the ebb and fl.ow of opinion. pany were present at the reception in Dr. carefully considered conversation. He was Much of it has agitated me. Some of it has Weiss' laboratory and the luncheon which constantly ready to help in solving a prob­ set me to think. followed. lem whether it bore on medicine, educa­ "For reasons hidden from men, Moses The century-old firm of Leitz inaugu­ tion, or the relations between men. was not permitted to enter The Promised rated this custom 50 years ago when, in He was almost completely surrounded Land. The future must, happily, still re­ I 90 7, it honored Robert Koch with pres­ by books, both in his office and in his main an uncharted adventure. But count­ entation of its I oo,oooth microscope. home. With great care and discernment less men have given their lives for a faith Paul Erlich was given the 1 50,oooth in he gathered an extraordinary personal Ii- that is in them. That faithlies in their be- ( continued on page six) pharmaceutical industry that it now en­ QUESTING FOR RESEARCH: joys. Tony Campo remembers that before and for sometime after World War I only PURCHASES AND SUPPLIES about a quarter of the Institute's needs for chemicals and pharmaceuticals as well as A STATISTICALLY MINDED READER though, and got him to admit that he has special instruments could be obtained do­ of the column '1 50 Years Ago" in the last been having a bit of a time. lately meeting mestically and all biological stains and issue, noting the miniscule expenditures the demand for firefly tails and that when dyes had to be imported. This is no longer in 1907 for equipment and supplies at the he tried to make a deal with the Jamaicans necessary, of course, but the skill he ob­ Institute, wondered what a curve of ex­ they were afraid his demands would ex­ tained as an importer then still serves Mr. penditures since that time would show. tinguish the winking summer lights of the Campo well when something like a Sie­ We wondered, too, and to find out we entire island and hurt the tourist trade. mens electron microscope is to be brought went to Mr. Anthony J. Campo, Super­ Traffic in pregnant salamanders has also to the Institute through the intricate maze intendent of Purchases and Pharmacist, been heavy lately, partly from the needs of tariffs, duty, tax exemptions, etc., that who has been at the Institute since 191 7. of Dr. Weiss' laboratory and partly from surround such undertakings today. The result is the astonishing graph shown those following his work who have written here. From an expenditure of less than from all over to ask where (to say nothing ORGANIZATION $10,000 a year in 1907 operations have of how) to obtain their own supply. He The organization behind this service, increased by a factor of nearly I oo to the then remembered that it had also taken a and in no small part making possible the level of nearly $1,000,000 in 1957. Since bit of doing back in the twenties to ar­ explosive growth shown in the past three 193 o the growth has been essentially ex­ range for a reliable supply of horse dander or four years at the Institute, was wisely ponential with minor ups and downs, and sweat and saliva for Dr. Levine. We then conceived by Dr. Simon Flexner as a uni- more than half of the increase has taken wanted to know what other curiosities had MILLION place since 1953 ! Of course an economist been included in this life-long scavenger might point out that the pitch of our curve hunt after the obscure necessities of re­ would be lower if we plotted purchasing search. Tony recalled guesting after sup­ power instead of dollars, and others could plies of human hair, dwarf cocoanut seeds argue that biological and medical research from South America, eggs from wild eagles, has become intrinsically more expensive. guinea hens and pheasants, and importing This is no doubt correct, but even after live salmon from the Pacific Coast. Quite such adjustments we would certainly be recently he arranged through a friend in left with a curve showing great expansion Johannesburg to send up by air mail a few in the research activities of the Institute. dozen toads that were obtainable only in � To reinforce this point we might note that South Africa. Obtaining special varieties the number of prescriptions filled by the of grasshoppers, flies,roaches, etc., seemed Hospital pharmacy (an integral part of the so nearly routine to Tony that he hardly purchase and supply department) in­ mentioned them in passing, though col­ Ill"'.� creased nearly 500% between 1939 and lecting butterfly pupae in the diapause 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1956. Prescriptions filled in 1956 for pa­ phase was another matter. Annual expenditures for purchases tients under study were 1 60 % of those In a job that makes the extraordinary in 1953. seem routine he does regard as outstand­ fied Purchase and Supply Department. But while collecting these statistics we ing the exacting and specialized tasks of This sounds a small thing but it is a point found a lot of other interesting facts about outfitting expeditions such as for Dr. No­ of great practical importance and it is al­ the Purchasing Department and that re­ guchi's work in the jungles of South Amer­ most unique in a large research or educa­ markable gentleman, Tony Campo, who is ica and Africa, a laboratory of the Rocke­ tional institution. Centralized procure­ in charge of it. feller Foundation in Egypt, and, in the ment and direct distribution of supplies very early days of the Institute, an inter­ and equipment from the purchasing de­ PREGNANT SALAMANDERS national expedition to Labrador organized partment to individual laboratories makes For instance, we asked Mr. Campo what by Sir Wilfred Grenfell. He also remem­ possible savings through purchase of items had been the most difficult item he had bered as outstanding the equipping of the in quantity and, at the same time, permits ever had to procure. His reply was char­ War Demonstration Hospital during World smaller over all inventories. Each labora­ acteristic and probably explains why for­ War I which was packed up at the end of tory would otherwise feel forced to stock mer members of the Institute staffscattered the war by his department and shipped in its own modest inventory of every item that to the four corners of the earth still cry to its entirety to the Peking Union Medical might suddenly prove to be a critical need. Tony for help in a pinch. "That's not too College in China under the auspices of the In many institutions procurement oper­ easy to say," he said. "You see there's really Rockefeller Foundation. ations are separated from the laboratories nothing that you can't get if you spend We forget today that the United States by too many steps and every research man enough time at it." We pressed him, has not always had the great chemical and ( continued on next page) becomes his own purchasing agent. At the returned from World War II Tony Campo tories of the Institute and available for Institute a vast collection of catalogues saw a career for him in purchasing which borrowing in emergencies. The annual in­ are available for consultation by the re­ is now ten years under way. ventory and the running inventory of sup­ search staff with the help of the Purchas­ As the reader has probably suspected plies and non-capitalized equipment and ing Department staff who not only are Mr. Campo has a faithful and efficientsec­ the management of the requisition system skilled in procurement, but are well-trained retary who has been with him at the Insti­ is in the capable hands of Miss Jean in chemistry and the entire field of phar­ tute for 3 8 years, Miss Betty Reich. Miss Howells who sees to it that the stocks of maceuticals and biologicals. Reich is also in charge of the inventory of everything from paper clips to blood plas­ Very nearly since the beginning of its capitalized equipment which makes it pos­ ma will be adequate for tomorrow's needs. history the Purchasing Department has sible for Tony to say at a moment's notice As the expansion of the Institute con­ included the services of a registered phar­ that the Institute owns 27 spectrophotom­ tinues, with tens of thousands of square macist who could assist in the specialized eters, 8 3 optical microscopes, and 5 elec­ feet of new laboratory space now available procurement of pharmaceuticals and bio­ tron microscopes and to give the police and a new nine-story building under con­ logicals and, in quieter days, do the phar­ department the serial number of a pur­ struction, these are the people who will maceutical work of the Hospital as well. loined microscope purchased ten years ago, see to it that purchase and supply remains Tony Campo, himself, came to the pur­ Miss Reich is also in charge of the manu­ a service to the research and education chasing department in r 9 r 7 as a boy of facturers' catalogue collection and she program and that none of the rest of us r 4 and completed his high school work at manages a very handy little list of rare and ever need penetrate the mysteries of sup­ night. With Dr. Flexner's encouragement semi-rare chemicals that are in the labora- pliers' catalogues and tax-exemption forms. he was graduated from Columbia Univer­ sity College of Pharmacy in r 924 to be­ come the assistant to the purchasing agent and assistant pharmacist of the Depart­ FRANK BRINK, JR. APPOINTED ment. In r 9 3 8 he became Purchasing Agent of the Institute and Chief Pharma­ DEAN OF GRADUATE STUDIES cist to the Hospital which by then had grown to a point where its pharmaceutical THE TRUSTEES OF THE INSTITUTE subsequently Instructor in Physiology at needs were no longer a mere incidental in have created the office of Dean of Gradu­ the Cornell University Medical College, purchase and supply. ate Studies. Following that action they ap­ Assistant Professor of'" Biophysics at the pointed Dr. Frank Brink, Jr. to this new University of Pennsylvania, and Associate SUPPORTING CAST position for a two-year term. Professor of Biophysics at The Johns Hop­ Today,of course, Tony Campo has much The functions of the Dean will be to kins. Since 19 5 3 he has been a Member too much to do to be compounding a pow­ assist the President and the Faculty Com­ and now a Professor at the Institute. der for a patient in the Hospital and his mittee on Educational Policies in the de­ From 1942 to 1945 Dr. Brink was Spe­ Department includes a full-time pharma­ velopment of graduate education in the In­ cial Consultant to the Air Surgeon of the cist in addition to himself. To support his stitute; to organize the programs of lec­ U.S. Air Force. He is a member of the growing operations, Mr. Campo is assisted tures, seminars and laboratory instruction; American Physiological Society, the Soci­ by a number of other devoted assistants to counsel with graduate students and ety of General Physiologists, a member of who emulate his own good example. James their faculty advisors. the Divisional Committee for the Biolog­ T. Stewart, for example, is assistant su­ Dr. Brink has been closely associated ical Sciences of the National Science perintendent of purchases and, having a with the educational program of the Rocke­ Foundation and on numerous committees degree in pharmacy, is assistant pharma­ feller Institute since its inception in r 9 54. of the National Research Council. cist. He came to Mr. Campo's department Since 1 9 5 6 he has served as secretary of with ideal experience for a purchasing the Trustees Committee on Educational agent, for he had been in the sales depart­ Policies under chairmanship of Dr. Robert PAUL WEISS HONORED r n, ,t of a surgical and bacteriological sup­ F. Loeb. Other members of the Trustees (continued from page four) ply firm. Mr. Stewart's assistant in the Committee are Mr. Donald K. David, Dr. hospital is Nina Calabro. Robert Miller, William J. Robbins, Dr. Vincent du Vig­ 1912, Martin Heidenhain the 200,oooth Purchasing Assistant, came as a clerk neaud, and Dr. George H. Whipple. in 1921, Ludwig Aschoff the 300,oooth after World War II. But he was overcome Dr. Brink was graduated from Pennsyl­ in 1930 and Gerhard Domagk the 400,­ with curiosity to know how the other half vania State University in 1934. After a oooth in 1949. lives and widened his experience with a year of graduate work at the California At the luncheon Mr. Mann announced 4-year tour of duty as a pharmaceutical Institute of Technology, where he received that in addition to honoring Dr. Weiss, the salesman, after which he returned to the the degree of Master of Science, he began Leitz Company wished to recognize the Institute, concluding it is better to buy graduate work in biophysics at the Johnson contributions of the Rockefeller Institute than to sell. Joseph Chvatal, another Pur­ Foundation at the University of Pennsyl­ to the biological sciences by the creation of chasing Assistant, began his career as a vania, where· he received the degree of a Leitz Fellowship for graduate study at clerk in the business office, but when he Doctor of Philosophy in 1940. He was the Institute. STILL MORE NEW residence hall will provide living suites for HUNGARIAN THANKS 75 graduate students including accommo­ BUILDINGS dations for a number of married students. THE LEAGUE OF RED CROSS SOCIETIES, Recreational and athletic facilities will a Federation of national Red Cross so­ IT 1s HAR D TO BELIEVE that each of also be included in the new three story cieties with headquarters in Geneva, has the first three issues of the Rockefeller In­ building. written the following letter in acknowl­ stitute Quarterly should contain news of A gift of one million dollars for con­ edgement of the contribution received major building programs either begun or structing the graduate residence hall was from the faculty and the staff of the completed, but those who have heard the provided by the estate of the late Alfred Rockefeller Institute : blasts and seen the bulldozers in the south H. Caspary. This was in addition to an "This will acknowledge with appre­ end of the campus know that great things earlier gift that made possible construction ciation your contribution of $1,073.70 are afoot again. Specifically, work began of Caspary Hall with its auditorium and through the American National Red Cross this Summer on construction of a graduate administrative and conference facilities for Hungarian relief. At the time of the student residence hall and a new labora­ adjacent to Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. arrival of this donation, we found ourselves tory building. The new nine-story laboratory building in pressing need for comfort articles for The graduate student residence hall will will be located still further south on the 15,000 Hungarian refugees in Yugoslavia be similar in style to Abby Aldrich Rocke­ campus near the Institute Hospital. Cost­ -soap and toilet articles of various kinds feller Hall, the new social center for ing nearly three million dolfars, the build­ for men, women and children. Your dona­ faculty, students, and visiting scientists. ing will be financed by the Rockefeller tion consequently was applied to the pur­ The student residence was designed by Institute with the help of a grant-in-aid of chase of such articles and we assure you Harrison and Abramowitz to balance Cas­ $600,000 from the United States Public that they were received by the refugees pary Hall and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Health Service. Like the residence hall, with gratitude. On their behalf and ours, Hall as part of a unifiedarchitectural com­ the new laboratory was also designed by we thank you. plex fronting on York Avenue. The new Harrison and Abramowitz. Construction Henry W. Dunning contractor for both buildings is Walsh Under Secretary General" Construction Company and they tell us that the buildings will be completed in FIFTY YEARS AGO AT THE 1958. COOPERATION WITH ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE At this point local readers may com­ plain that we have said nothing about the PRECISION bulldozers that have been fascinating them The First Public Announcement on the north end of the campus. True, but THE COOPERATION of other labora­ of Research Results that is an entirely separate matter and we tories and of commercial organizations is NEW YORK WORLD, August 6, I 907- refer you to an article in this issue on the often of crucial importance to the work of The wealth of John D. Rockefeller has new landscaping of the grounds. the Institute and yet not the kind of thing made possible the cure of meningitis. Ad­ that we find opportunity to note in the vices from Cleveland state that Dr. Simon manner of formal gifts and grants. This Flexner has discovered a serum which will FACULTY COMMITTEE ON cure the heretofore fatal disease. was pointed out by Dr. Duncan Macinnes EDUCATIONAL POLICIES the other day when he was telling us of DR. FLEXNER, working on epidemic the cooperation of Dr. Marion Eppley of cerebrospinal meningitis since 1 90 5, had IN ANNOUNCING the appointment of the Eppley Laboratories in Newport, succeeded in transferring the disease to Dr. Frank Brink, Jr. as Dean of Graduate Rhode Island. Dr. Macinnes is attempting monkeys. Other laboratories had already Studies; reported elsewhere in this issue, to determine the value of the Faraday with produced an immune serum, which, how­ President Bronk also announced the for­ a precision never before ,attained. For this ever, was not very effective when given mal appointment of a faculty Committee work Dr. Eppley has furnished him with subcutaneously. Flexner contributed the on Educational Policies. The new com­ a set of standard cells of extraordinary idea of placing it directly at the seat of the mittee will assist the President and the precision-the potentials of the cells have disease, by injecting it into the spinal Dean in the development of graduate edu­ agreed with each other within one part in canal. This step having been successful in cation in the Institute and will counsel a million for nine years. Dr. Eppley has monkeys, it was tried on human patients with graduate students and their faculty also contributed a comparator for making in an epidemic occurring at Castalia and advisors. inter-comparisons between the standard Akron, Ohio, in April, 1 907. In the small Alfred Mirsky was appointed chairman cells and the working cells. With these de­ group of cases treated, the mortality' was of the Committee, membership of which vices and a constant-current apparatus reduced to about 2 5 % from an expected will be reconstituted from year to year. which maintains a precision of one part in 7 5 % -an instance, perhaps, of "begin­ Other members appointed for this aca­ a million for extended periods, Dr. Mac­ ner's luck." The story got into the news­ demic year are AlexanderG. Bearn, Lyman Innes hopes to obtain values of the Fara­ papers in August I 907, as indicated by the C. Craig, Rene J. Dubos, and Edward L. day that are as precise as the best known above quotation. Tatum, of the other physical constants. Other Appointments and Distinctions DR. ZANVIL H. COHN, Captain, Medical Corps, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, has been appointed Research DETLEV, W. BRONK Associate in Dr: Dubas' laboratory and Assistant Physician Trustee, Marine Biological Laboratory. to the Hospital beginning October 1, 1 9 57. MERRILL W. CHASE DR. FU RIO D'ABRAMO, who has been a Research Fellow in Chairman, Advisory Consultants for 8th International Sym­ Biochemistry in the Biochemical Research Laboratory at the posium on The Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity, Henry Massachusetts General Hospital, has been appointed a Re­ Ford Hospital, Detroit. search Associate in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory beginning RAGNAR GRANIT September 1, 1957.

Retzius Gold Medal, Swedish Society of Physicians. DR. STUART D. ELLIOTT, who is Assistant Director of Re­ FRANK L. HORSFALL, JR. search, Department of Animal Pathology, University of Presidential Award, International Poliomyelitis Congress. Cambridge, has been reappointed Visiting Investigator in Member, Advisory Committee on Influenza, Department of Dr. McCarty's laboratory from September 9 to -29, 1 9 57. Health, New York City. DR. LAURA GARN JOBST, who has been a Research Associate Chairman, Advisory Committee, Trudeau Foundation. in the Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford Uni­ HENRY G. KUNKEL versity, has been appointed an Assistant Professor in Dr. Panel on Plasma, Committee on Medicine and Surgery, Na­ Tatum's laboratory beginning September 1, 1957. ,tional Academy of Sciences-National Research Council DR.,GABRIEL GODMAN, Assistant Professor in Pathology, KARL MARAMOROSCH Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Chairman, Section on Virology, American Institute of Biolog­ has been appointed Visiting Investigator in Dr. Porter's ical Sciences Annual Meeting. ,Laboratory beginning September 1, 195 7. Chairman, Section on Virology, 4th International Congress for who has been a Research Associate Crop Protection, Hamburg. DR. SAMSON R. GROSS, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford Uni­ PETER K; OLITSKY versity, has been appointed an Assistant Professor in Dr. Consultant in Bacteriology, Greenwich (Conn.) Hospital. Tatum's laboratory beginning September I, 1957. Expert Committee on Zoonoses, United Nations (wHO-FAo). DR. HANS GERD GUNDLACH, who has been a Post-Doctoral KEITH R. PORTER Fellow at the Physiological-Chemical Institute, University Consultant, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. of Munich, has been appointed Fellow of the U. S. Interna­ THEODORE SHEDLOVSKY tional Cooperation Administration and will be a Visiting National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Investigator in the laboratories of Drs. Moore and Stein be­ Delegate, 16th Congress, IUPAC, Paris. ginning September 15, 195 7.

WILLIAM H. STEIN DR. ROBERT J. HILL, who has been a Research Fellow with Member, Medical Advisory Board, Hebrew University-Hadas­ the U. S. Public Health Service, Division of Chemistry, sah Medical School, Israel. School of Biological Sciences, University of )'ennessee,has NORMAN R. STOLL been appointed Research Associate in Dr. Craig's laboratory Member, Expert Advisory Panel on Parasitic Diseases, World beginning October 1, 1 9 57. Health Organization. DR. CHARLES WILLIAM JOHNSON, who has been Acting PAUL A. WEISS Chairman, Department of Microbiology at Meharry Medi­ Recipient of 500,oooth microscope from the Ernst Leitz Op­ cal College, has been appointed Visiting Investigator in Dr. tical Works, Wetzlar. Chase's laboratory beginning August 1, 19 57.

DR. WILLIAM HENRY KONIGSBERG, who has been a Visit­ ing Investigator since 19 56 on a Post-Doctoral Fellowship from the National Science Foundation, has been appointed a Research Associate in Dr. Craig's laboratory beginning September 1, 1957.

INSTITUTE MENTION DR. HARRY D. PECK, JR., who has been a Research Fellow in Biochemistry in the Biochemical Research Laboratory at Massachusetts General Hospital, has been appointed Visit­ ing Investigator in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory beginning Sep­ tember 1, 1 95 7. New Appointments to the Faculty DR. MURRAY RABINOWITZ, who has been a Research Fel­ DR. GEORGE ACS, who has been a Research Fellow in Bio­ low in Biochemistry at the Biochemical Research Labora­ chemistry in the Biochemical Research Laboratory at Mas­ tory at Massachusetts General Hospital, has been appointed sachusetts General Hospital, has been appointed a Research a Visiting Investigator in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory begin­ Associate in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory beginning September ning September 1, 1957.

I, 1 957• DR. PHILLI PS WESLEY ROBBINS, who has been a Re­ DR. CARLO BARBAROSSA, who is Chief of Admissions De­ search Fellow in Biochemistry in the Biochemical Research partment at Policlinic Hospital in Rome, has been ap­ Laboratory at Massachusetts General Hospital, has been ap­ pointed Visiting Investigator in Dr. Archibald's laboratory pointed Assistant Professor in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory from August 26 to September 26, 1957. beginning September 1, 1957.

9 Dr. Hartline's study of the electrical activity of single re- ceptors and neurones of the eye $ I 5,970 INSTITUTE MENTION Dr. Perlmann's work on characterization of phosphoproteins from the brain $8,625 (continued from page nine) Dr. Gottschall's studies of the proteolytic activities of the white blood cells in man and their role in inflammatory processes $ I 4,343 Dr. Wooley's work on isolation and determination of the structure of peptides with strepogenin activity $ 15, 1 39 DR. MARTIN F. STURMAN, who has been a fellow in Endo­ crinology at Temple University School of Medicine, has Dr. Weiss' microcinematographic studies of differentiation been appointed Visiting Investigator in Dr. Dole's labora­ in vitro $4,600 tory and Assistant Physician to the Hospital beginning Sep­ Dr. Mirsky's study of the physiological activities of nucleo- tember 1, 1957. proteins $11,794 DR. JOHAN J. THERON, of the National Nutrition Research Dr. Ahrens' investigation of the effectof dietary fat on tissue Institute in Pretoria has been appointed Visiting Investi­ fatty acid turnover $48,104 gator in Dr. Porter's Laboratory beginning October I, I 9 57. Dr. Trager's investigation of the fine structure of malaria DR. SAMUEL B. WEISS, who has been a Research Fellow in parasites and their host cells $11,166 Biochemistry in the Biochemical Research Laboratory at , Dr. Maramorosch's studies of the effects of viruses in tissues Massachusetts General Hospital, has been appointed an As­ and in tissue cultures of arthropod vectors $I 7,813 sistant Professor in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory beginning Dr. Shope's study of naturally-occurring diseases of wild ani­ September I, I 957. mals with particular reference to tumors and infections DR. HANS GEORG ZACHAU, who has been a Post-Doctoral simulating those in man $6,842 Fellow in Chemistry at Massachusetts Institute of Tech­ From the American Cancer Society for Dr. Hirsch's research to nology, has been appointed a Research Associate in Dr. establish the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the Lipmann' s laboratory beginning September I, I 95 7. presence of cilo-cytophthoria in sputum specimens stained by the papanicolaou technique $6,8 I 5 Newly appointed Graduate Fellow From the American Cancer Society for Dr. Zinder's studies of the genetic relationship between viruses and their host cells JOHN MC D. TORMEY, Pre-doctoral Fellow, The Johns Hop­ $6,000 kins University Medical School. From the National Science Foundation for Dr. Braun's work on the chemical nature and mode of action of a specific inducer FacultyTerminations of the male sex organ in plant species $ 8,oo o From the National Science Foundation for Dr. Lipmann's re- DR. MARY JULIA MYCEK, who has been a Visiting Investi­ gator in Dr. Perlmann's laboratory, left September 30, search on metabolic group activities $38,295 I 9 57 to become Research Biochemist in the Department of From the Tobacco Industry Research Committee for Dr. Gott­ Pharmacology, New York State Psychiatric Institute. schall's work on the biochemistry of white blood cells $4, 4 DR. MAYO UZIEL, who has been a Visiting Investigator in I I Dr. Stein's laboratory, left September I 5, 1957 for an ap­ From the National Multiple Sclerosis Society for Dr. Schneider's pointment in the Department of Biochemistry, Tufts Uni­ investigation of nutrition and heredity in experimental acute versity Medical School, Boston. disseminated encephalomyelitis $11 ,ooo From the Nutrition Foundation for Dr. Ahrens' study of the in- New Grants and Contracts fluence of dietary fat on liquid metabolism $14,360

From the United States Public Health Service in support of the Grants may be made for more than one year but funds for the current year following work: only are shown. Dr. Siekevitz's studies of the biochemical properties of mi- crosomal and mitochondrial membranes $ I o,o 2 8 Dr. Granick's studies of soluble enzymes for porphyrin bio- synthesis $12,650 Dr. Hirsch's investigation of bactericidal mechanisms in � THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUT � phagocytic cells $ 1 I , 5 8 6 Dr. Braun's investigation of the nature of autonomous growth in neoplastic plant cells $ I 4,7 I 6 Dr. Tatum's studies of the biochemical genetics of micro- is published for the quarters ending in March, June, September organisms $14, I 4 5 and December of each year. Inquiries, comments and sugges­ Dr. Chase's work on the inhibition of delayed-type hyper- tions should be addressed to Mr. Charles I. Campbell, Editor, sensitivity $ I 3,735 Dr. Chase's work on genetic selection for experimental drug THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE QUARTERLY allergy $ I 9,5 5 o 66TH STREET AND YORK AVENUE .• NEW YORK 2 I