Roman & Greek Mythology
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The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century. -
Ancient Greece and Rome
Spartan soldier HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY Ancient Greece and Rome Reader Amphora Alexander the Great Julius Caesar Caesar Augustus THIS BOOK IS THE PROPERTY OF: STATE Book No. PROVINCE Enter information COUNTY in spaces to the left as PARISH instructed. SCHOOL DISTRICT OTHER CONDITION Year ISSUED TO Used ISSUED RETURNED PUPILS to whom this textbook is issued must not write on any page or mark any part of it in any way, consumable textbooks excepted. 1. Teachers should see that the pupil’s name is clearly written in ink in the spaces above in every book issued. 2. The following terms should be used in recording the condition of the book: New; Good; Fair; Poor; Bad. Ancient Greece and Rome Reader Creative Commons Licensing This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. You are free: to Share—to copy, distribute, and transmit the work to Remix—to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution—You must attribute the work in the following manner: This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation (www.coreknowledge.org) made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial—You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike—If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. -
Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Faunus and the Fauns in Latin Literature of the Republic and Early Empire
University of Adelaide Discipline of Classics Faculty of Arts Faunus and the Fauns in Latin Literature of the Republic and Early Empire Tammy DI-Giusto BA (Hons), Grad Dip Ed, Grad Cert Ed Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy October 2015 Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................... 4 Thesis Declaration ................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 6 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 7 Context and introductory background ................................................................. 7 Significance ......................................................................................................... 8 Theoretical framework and methods ................................................................... 9 Research questions ............................................................................................. 11 Aims ................................................................................................................... 11 Literature review ................................................................................................ 11 Outline of chapters ............................................................................................ -
Roman Mythology Table of Contents
Roman Mythology Table of Contents • Historical Overview • Major Gods and Goddesses of ancient Rome • Gods of Mt Olympus • Family Tree • Conclusion Historical Overview • The early Romans were farmers • They did not understand science, instead they believed in forces or spirits • These Gods did not have human forms or minds • Gradually the Romans were influenced by the Greeks and adopted many of their Gods and gave them Roman names Early Roman Gods and Goddesses • Some Early Roman Gods or “Numen” – Bellona Goddess of War – Cardea similar to Artemis, had power over doorways – Cupid God of love like the Greek Eros – Dis God of the underworld like the Greek Hades – Faunus God of fields and shepards like the Greek Pan – Glaucus God of the sea – Lares God of the household- represented dead ancestors who protected the family – Liber God of fertility, identified with Baccus, the god of wine – Saturn God of agriculture and the Roman like the Greek Cronus – Vesta Goddess of home and hearth similar to the Greek Hestia Jupiter • King of the Gods/Ruler of the Skies • Greek name is Zeus • Married to Juno • Symbols: Eagle, Shield, Thunderbolt and Oak Tree Neptune • God of the Sea • Second most powerful God on Mt.Olympus • Greek name is Poseidon • Symbols: Trident, Horse and Bull Pluto • God the under world and wealth • Greek name is Hades • Symbols: Helmet, Metals, Jewels Juno • Queen of the Gods • Goddess of Heaven, Marriage and Childbirth • Greek name is Hera • Married to Jupiter • Symbols: Peacock and Cow Vesta • Goddess of the Hearth. Protector of -
Ovid's Metamorphoses Translated by Anthony S. Kline1
OVID'S METAMORPHOSES TRANSLATED BY 1 ANTHONY S. KLINE EDITED, COMPILED, AND ANNOTATED BY RHONDA L. KELLEY Figure 1 J. M. W. Turner, Ovid Banished from Rome, 1838. 1 http://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Ovhome.htm#askline; the footnotes are the editor’s unless otherwise indicated; for clarity’s sake, all names have been standardized. The Metamorphoses by the Roman poet Publius Ovidius Naso (Ovid) was published in 8 C.E., the same year Ovid was banished from Rome by Caesar Augustus. The exact circumstances surrounding Ovid’s exile are a literary mystery. Ovid himself claimed that he was exiled for “a poem and a mistake,” but he did not name the poem or describe the mistake beyond saying that he saw something, the significance of which went unnoticed by him at the time he saw it. Though Ovid had written some very scandalous poems, it is entirely possible that this satirical epic poem was the reason Augustus finally decided to get rid of the man who openly criticized him and flouted his moral reforms. In the Metamorphoses Ovid recounts stories of transformation, beginning with the creation of the world and extending into his own lifetime. It is in some ways, Ovid’s answer to Virgil’s deeply patriotic epic, The Aeneid, which Augustus himself had commissioned. Ovid’s masterpiece is the epic Augustus did not ask for and probably did not want. It is an ambitious, humorous, irreverent romp through the myths and legends and even the history of Greece and Rome. This anthology presents Books I and II in their entirety. -
Greek and Roman Mythology
Mythology What is a myth? A traditional story used to explain beliefs about the world Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events The Greeks used myths and the gods/goddesses to explain almost everything Myths often include Gods/Godesses, Monsters, and Human Heroes The Titans (The Elder Gods) There were many of them. Enormous size, incredible strength Cronos: Ruler of the titans Rhea: Wife of Cronos The Olympian Gods These gods were said to live on Cronos and Rhea Mount Olympus were parents of – Zeus (Jupiter, Jove) – Poseidon (Neptune) – Hades (Pluto) – Hera (Juno) – Demeter (Ceres) Zeus Roman Name: Jupiter Supreme god of the Olympians. Fathered many characters in mythology Hera Roman Name: Juno Zeus’s sister and wife Jealous Punished the women Zeus fell in love with Poseidon Roman Name: Neptune God of the Seas and Waters “The Earthshaker” Hades Roman Name: Pluto God of the Underworld/ Dead Kidnapped Persephone Demeter Roman Name: Ceres Goddess of the Earth and Harvest Athena Roman Name: Minerva Goddess of Wisdom and War Sprang from Zeus’s head Ares Roman Name: Mars God of War Son of Zeus and Hera Bloodthirsty and merciless Hephaestus Roman Name: Vulcan God of Fire/Forge Son of Zeus and Hera Kind, unlike his brother Apollo Roman Name: Apollo God of Light/Sun and Music Brother of Artemis Artemis Roman Name: Diana Goddess of the Moon/ Hunt Sister to Apollo Hermes Roman Name: Mercury Messenger of the Gods Appears in more myths than any other character Son of Zeus and Maia Aphrodite Roman Name: Venus Goddess of Love and Beauty Daughter of Zeus and Dione Dionysus Roman Name: Bacchus God of Wine and theater Son of Zeus and Senele Eros Roman Name: Cupid Young God of Love Son of Aphrodite and Hephaestus Creatures of Mythology Satyrs~Gods of the Gorgons~ snake woods and haired monsters. -
Early Peoples Activity Sheet: Ancient Romans
Early Peoples Activity Sheet: Ancient Romans 1. Physical features and background a) What is the name of the river than runs through the city of Rome? The Tiber River. b) When was the city of Rome founded? Legend says that the city was founded in 753 B.C. although evidence uncovered by archaeologists suggests that the city emerged around 600 B.C. c) Read the section on The Founding of Rome on page 5. Look at the bronze sculpture beneath it. Explain what the sculpture is depicting? The sculpture depicts the she-wolf who cared for the abandoned twins, Romulus and Remus, until they were rescued by a shepherd who brought them up as his own children. d) Looking at the dates the sculpture is thought to be made. Is this a primary or secondary source? Secondary. e) According to the legend of the founding of Rome, where does Rome get its name from? The founder of the city, Romulus. f) Look at the Timeline of Rome, also on page 5. When was the Roman Empire at its greatest size? Under the Emperor Trajan between A.D. 98-117. g) Name the several groups of people living on the Italian peninsula during the first millennium B.C.? To the East were the Sabines, to the South were the Samnites. The ancient Greeks had colonies along the coast of Southern Italy and in Sicily. People from Carthage had settled in northwest Sicily. To the north of the Italian peninsula were the Etruscans. h) Describe the landscape that early Rome was built on? Rome was founded on seven hills. -
A Satyr for Midas: the Barberini Faun and Hellenistic Royal Patronage Author(S): Jean Sorabella Reviewed Work(S): Source: Classical Antiquity, Vol
A Satyr for Midas: The Barberini Faun and Hellenistic Royal Patronage Author(s): Jean Sorabella Reviewed work(s): Source: Classical Antiquity, Vol. 26, No. 2 (October 2007), pp. 219-248 Published by: University of California Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/ca.2007.26.2.219 . Accessed: 08/02/2012 16:15 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. University of California Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Classical Antiquity. http://www.jstor.org JEAN SORABELLA A Satyr for Midas: The Barberini Faun and Hellenistic Royal Patronage The canonical statue known as the Barberini Faun is roundly viewed as a mysterious anomaly. The challenge to interpret it is intensiWed not only by uncertainties about its date and origin but also by the persistent idea that it represents a generic satyr. This paper tackles this assumption and identiWes the statue with the satyr that King Midas captured in the well-known myth. Iconographic analysis of the statue’s pose supports this view. In particular, the arm bent above the head, the twist of the torso, and the splay of the legs are paralleled in many well-understood Wgures and furnish keys to interpreting the Barberini Faun as an extraordinary sleeping beast, intoxicated and Wt for capture. -
Storytelling Through Roman Mythology and the Science of Your Neighborhood
Storytelling through Roman Mythology and the Science of Your Neighborhood Collector’s Chest, ca. 1570 Wenzel Jamnitzer Germany (Nuremburg) Silver gilt, ebony, lapis lazuli, feldspar, bloodstone, amethyst, quartz, and gold enamel Loyola University Museum of Art, Gift of the Abbie Norman Prince Trust, the Frederick Henry Prince Trust, and friends of the Martin D’Arcy Gallery, 1978-09 Grades: 5 – 9 Subjects: English Language Arts, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Foreign Languages Time Required: 2 – 4 class periods, 45 minutes each Author: Written by Carolyn Ziembo, with contributions by Susan Friel, and edited by Jonathan Canning, Ann Meehan, and Molly Tarbell Lesson Overview Students will learn that during the Baroque age (ca. 17th century), collecting became a mania. People gathered both natural (leaves, insects, rocks, fossils) and artificial (mechanical toys, scientific instruments) curiosities. They will discover that this chest is decorated with luxurious embellishments and figures from Roman mythology. In the first activity, students will learn about Roman mythology, including some of the figures on LUMA’s Collector’s Chest. They will write short skits involving these gods and goddesses and then will act them out. In the second activity, students will look around their neighborhoods to see what they can learn about the natural world in which they live. They will collect leaves, flowers, rocks, and insects and identify them through research. In the third activity they will create a miniature museum exhibition of their precious objects. © 2010 Loyola University Museum of Art Materials - Reproduction of the Collector’s Chest (http://www.luc.edu/luma/collections/collection_details/collectors_chect.html) - Paper and pencils - Computer with internet access - Assortment of small boxes Lesson Steps 1. -
3274 Myths and Legends of Ancient Rome
MYTHS AND LEGENDS OF ANCIENT ROME CFE 3274V OPEN CAPTIONED UNITED LEARNING INC. 1996 Grade Levels: 6-10 20 minutes 1 Instructional Graphic Enclosed DESCRIPTION Explores the legend of Romulus and Remus, twin boys who founded Rome on seven hills. Briefly relates how Perseus, son of Jupiter, used his shield as a mirror to safely slay Medusa, a monster who turned anyone who looked on her to stone. Recounts the story of Psyche and Cupid, a story of broken promises and forgiveness. Each legend ends with discussion questions. Animated. INSTRUCTIONAL GOALS · To depict three Roman myths. · To enhance a unit on Roman mythology. · To show how the Romans explained natural phenomena and human behavior. · To show that human nature remains the same throughout the ages. BEFORE SHOWING 1. Read the CAPTION SCRIPT to determine unfamiliar vocabulary and language concepts. 2. Discuss the concept of myths: a. As a way of explaining and rationalizing natural phenomena. b. As stories of the heroic deeds and adventures of mortals with semidivine parentage. c. As stories of a large family of quarrelsome gods and goddesses. 3. Explain that the video shows three different Roman myths. a. Using a time line, explain that Roman mythology appeared after Greek mythology. b. Display a list of gods and goddesses and their Roman and Greek names. c. Explain there are many variations of the same myths. 4. Display a family tree of the Roman gods and goddesses. 1 a. Include pictures of monsters such as Medusa and Cerberus. b. Refer to the tree as characters appear in the video. -
Myth Unit 10 Page Draft
Origin and Foundation Myths of Rome as presented in Vergil, Ovid and Livy Mary Ann T. Natunewicz INTRODUCTION This unit is part of a two-semester course in a third or fourth-year Latin curriculum. Ideally, Vergil should be the author read at the fourth year level. However, because the Cicero and Vergil are offered alternate years, some students will be less advanced. Students enter the course after a second year program that included selections from Caesar’s Gallic War and Ovid’s Metamorphoses. Students who enter after three years of Latin will have read several complete Ciceronian orations and selections from Latin poets such as Catullus, Ovid, and some Horace. The fourth year includes the reading of the Aeneid, Books I and IV in toto, and selections from Books II, VI and VIII. The remaining books are read in English translation. The school is on the accelerated block system. Each class meets every day for ninety minutes. This particular unit will be used in several sections of the course, but most of it will be used in the second semester. I plan to rewrite into simplified Latin prose selections from each author. These adaptations could then be read by first or second year students. This unit has been written specifically for Latin language courses. However, by reading the suggested translations, the information and the unit could be adapted for literature or history courses that include material that deals with the ancient Mediterranean world. DISCUSSION OF THE UNIT The culmination of a high school Latin course is the reading of large sections of Vergil’s epic poem, the Aeneid, which is the story of Aeneas’ struggles to escape Troy and to found the early settlement which is the precursor to Rome.