Perry NETL Poster

MRCSP Regional Geologic Cross Section and Correlation Chart

Steven Greb1, Tomas Sparks1, Dave Barnes2, William Harrison III2, Cristian Medina3, John Rupp3, Mark Baranoski4, Ronald Riley4, Michael Solis4, Chris Perry4, Eric Lewis5, Kristen Carter6, and John Harper6 1Kentucky Geological Survey, 2Western Michigan University, 3Indiana Geological Survey, 4Ohio Geological Survey, 5West Virginia Geological Survey, 6Pennsylvania Geological Survey

The Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration W.V. Michigan Indiana Indiana Kentucky Ohio Kentucky Ohio Kentucky West Virginia Ohio Ohio W.V. Pennsylvania Ohio

Partnership (MRCSP) Upper Kentucky Penninsula covers nine-states Michigan Basin Kankakee Arch CincinnaƟ Arch Cambridge Arch Appalachian Basin containing varying RelaƟve posiƟon of HunƟngton, W.V. MarieƩa, Oh. geology and stratigraphic CincinnaƟ͕ Oh. Maysville, Ky. Portsmouth, Oh. Ashland, Ky. Parkersburg, W.V. Wheeling, W.V. PiƩsburgh, Pa. nomenclature. To ensure 3 9 11 18 25 ůevaƟŽŶ (feet) stratigraphic consistency Lake 2 North Indiana Public Central Indiana Common- 19 28 30 Huron Service Co. 12 wealth Gas 29 ŶĞƌgy AcquisiƟon Gas Co. Great Dominion +2,000 No. 1 Corp. No. 1 23 24 Corp. & Weitzman Core Energy No. 16T52 15 26 NĂƟonal ƌnest džƉůor. & Prod. for correlations/ LLC 8 Leuenberger, BeƩy ĚǁĂƌds, ͘͘ Newell Amoco 27 No. 4873 1 No. 1-27 5 7 10 16 Hill No. 1 Corp. No. 1 MĂƌƟŶ No. 4-30 4 6 13 14 Spencer (B&N Coal) Humble Rice Rose ŶĞƌgy North Michigan Land North Indiana Public 21 22 First Energy Georgetown No. 1 ůevaƟŽŶ State Charlton Hunt ŶĞƌgy McClure Oil Co. džxon-Mobile Oil AtlanƟĐ-RitchĮĞůĚ Co. ConƟnental Oil Co. Ford Ashland Oil Petroleum United Fuel 17 Aristech 20 No. 1 No. 1 Pennsylvanian units Inc. No. 1-32 and Oil Corp. Service Co. No. 1 Cyclops GeneraƟon Marine AshcroŌ regional mapping, a (feet) Corp. No. 1-8 No. 1 No. 1-13 Wabash FormaƟon No. 1 No. 1 & ZĞĮning Gas No. 1 (USS United Ullman Minesinger undivided No. 1 BaƩelle Cabot Corp. Inland Gas Corp. No. 1, MRCSP Reno No. 1-15 Sparks, R.J., and Arco & Gaglio Branch Louisville Limestone Resur, R.D. Connery No. 1 Griĸth No. 9061T Chemical/ Fuel Gas Kelly, Gladys Unit Wakeland, L.M. No. 1 No. 1-A No. 537 FEGENCO +1,000 others Waldron Shale Rawlings US Steel) No. 1 No. 1 Mississippian units +1,000 MĂƌƟn Gladwin Duke Wilson Bailey Fannin AEP No. 1 correlation chart of all Kingery undivided Glacial sediments Energy Arrington Mountaineer Undivided Upper Unconsolidated Ordovician units Bedrock Berea FormaƟon formations from surface “Red beds” (CincinnaƟan Series) “CincinnaƟan” Undivided (Big Hill and Stonington FormaƟons) Saginaw FormaƟon Pennsylvanian UƟca FormaƟon units (some Venango Group to the Precambrian in (Bill’s Creek Shale) 0 coal-bearing) 0 Colllingwood Shale Michigan FormaƟon Berea Trenton FormaƟon FormaƟon Black River FormaƟon all nine states has been Sunbury Shale Marshall FormaƟon Glenwood FormaƟon Chadakoin FormĂƟon Saint Peter Sandstone Bedford and Berea Oneota Dolomite Undivided Prairie du Chien Group FormaƟons constructed. The chart Shakopee Mississippian units Trempealeau FormaƟon Coldwater Dolomite -1,000 Munising Group FormaƟon -1,000 Shale Chadakoin Mount Simon Sandstone Bedford and Berea is color coded based on Davis Ohio Limestone FormaƟons and Brallier Bradford Group Shale FormĂƟons Knox Group Chagrin a unit’s potential as: 1) Chagrin Member ? storage interval (regional -2,000 Ohio -2,000 Shale saline reservoir), 2) ? Java FoƌŵĂƟon confi ning interval with thin Basal sandstone Brallier FormaƟon -3,000 Precambrian or Mount Simon -3,000 unconformity Angola local potential reservoirs, Sandstone FoƌŵĂƟon West Falls West Falls Group 3) confi ning zone, or 4) Maryville Limestone Precambrian unconformity organic-rich shale. -4,000 Rhinestreet Shale -4,000 Sonyea FormaƟon Munising Middle Run Genesee FormaƟon To gain a perspective Group Tully Limestone FormaƟŽŶ Hamilton Group of lateral stratigraphic (Precambrian) Marcellus Shale -5,000 Onondaga FormaƟon -5,000 Mount Simon Sandstone Helderberg Group changes across the Keyser FormaƟon Conasauga Maynardsville Limestone Nolichucky Shale Bass Islands Dolomite Group Maryville Limestone region spanning from the St. Peter Ss. Basal sandstone -6,000 -6,000 Michigan Basin, across Precambrian unconformity ? Salina Group Middle Run Grenville ? FormaƟon Province the Arches Province to (Proterozoic) (Proterozoic) ? the Northern Appalachian -7,000 -7,000 Grenville Queenston Precambrian Front FormĂƟon and Lockport Dolomite ? Basin, a detailed cross unconformity Reedsville Shale Rochester Shale ? ? (MĂƌƟnsburg Irondequoit Dolomite Correlation Chart Copper Ridge “B zone” “Clinton” Group) Dayton Dolomite section was constructed. Reynales Dolomite NORTHERN Tuscarora Sandstone -8,000 SOUTHERN AND EASTERN EASTERN -8,000 ? MICHIGAN OHIO KENTUCKY WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIA MARYLAND NEW YORK NEW JERSEY (Medina Group) ERA INDIANA The section uses 30 (SUB- ? SERIES Basal sandstone SYSTEM SYSTEM) Queenston Shale Monongahela Gp Monongahela Gp Monongahela Gp Monongahela Gp ? deep wells, including Monongahela and ? ? (Juniata FormaƟon) Conemaugh Fms ? undivided ?

UPPER Grand River Fm Conemaugh Gp Conemaugh Gp Conemaugh Gp Conemaugh Gp all four wells drilled -9,000 -9,000 ? Bald agle FormaƟon Allegheny Gp Allegheny Fm Allegheny Gp Allegheny Gp ? ? by U.S. Department of ? Pottsville Gp Breathitt Gp Kanawha ? ?

MIDDLE Pottsville Fm Pottsville Gp Pottsville Gp Gp ? Reedsville FormaƟon Energy-funded projects ? Saginaw Fm New Olean Cong ? -10,000 ? (PENNSYLVANIAN) River Precambrian ? -10,000 ??? Fm unconformity for testing CO2 storage Poca- LOWER Parma Ss hontas Fm hƟca Shale Mid-conƟnent ? ? ??? Point Pleasant FormaƟon technology in the region. RiŌ Penning- Mauch Bluefield Paragon Chunk Buffalo Wallow Gp Fm ton Fm Fm Trenton Limestone (may include Fm Mauch Chunk Fm ? CARBONIFEROUS Stephensport Gp

UPPER ? ? -11,000 Maxville -11,000 Twelve wells were chosen basalts) West Baden Gp Ls Mauch Chunk Black River Limestone Slade Newman Fm Fm Ls Greenbrier Ls Green- ? brier Loysburg FormaƟon Blue River Gp Ls Loyalhanna Ls Greenbrier Fm ? ? along a north-south line ??? Wells Creek FormaƟon Bayport Ls ? ? ? MIDDLE Michigan Fm Sanders Gp Larke from the Core Energy site (Beekmantown) (MISSISSIPPIAN) Borden Grainger Maccrady -12,000 Logan Purslane Ss FormaƟon -12,000 Borden Gp Fm Fm Fm Fm Burgoon Fm ? Marshall Ss Cuyahoga Shenango in the Michigan Basin Coldwater Sh Rockford Ls Price Fm Rockwell Knopp Ss Coldwater Sh Fm Fm LOWER Coldwater Sh Fm Sunbury Sunbury Cuyahoga Rockwell Fm Sunbury Sh Sunbury Sh Pocono Fm Mid-conƟnent Sh Sh Sunbury Sh Sunbury Sh Gp Riddlesburg Berea Ss Mbr Forma Ells- Berea Ss Ellsworth Bedford Berea Ss Berea Ss Berea Ss ? ? Mines Member Gatesburg to the Battelle-Duke RiŌ (including Sh Sh Hampshire Bedford Sh Murryville ? worth Bedford Sh Bedford Sh Bedford Sh Bedford Sh Ss Conewango Local Gp Cussewago Fm Gp Sh New Riceville Fm Oswayo Fm Upper Sandy Member some basalts) sequestration Albany Catskill Chagrin Venang Hampshire Fm Ohio o Gp Fm Conneaut Gp Ɵ -13,000 target Sh Ohio Sh Fm Chadakoin -13,000 Antrim Ohio Sh Sh Greenland Gap on Energy site in Kentucky Gp Fm Bradford Gp Canadway Gp Sh Huron Ore Hill Member Sh Foreknobs Fm

UPPER Java Elk Antrim Sh Chattanooga Sh Java Fm Green- Java Fm Upper Java Fm Olentangy Sh Fm Gp Scherr Fm Lower Sandy Member Antrim Sh Olentangy Sh land Gap West Falls Fm Brallier West Falls Fm Gp West Falls Gp West Rhinestreet Sh Mbr Brallier Fm Cambridge- on the Cincinnati Arch. Falls Fm Sonyea Fm Sonyea Fm Fm Sonyea Fm Brallier Fm Sonyea Gp Conasauga FormaƟon Sequestration Squaw Bay Ls Genesee Fm Genesee Fm Harrell Fm Genesee Fm Harrell Fm Harrell Sh Genesee Gp Burning Lower Tully Tully Ls Tully Fm Gilboa Skunne- target Olentangy Tully Ls Fm munk Cgl Springs Fault Warrior FormaƟon Precambrian Mahan- Mahan- Undivided Traverse Ls Traverse kill Fm North Hamilton Mahan- tango Fm Manor- Bellvale Eighteen wells were unconformity Fm Gp tango Millboro Gp tango Fm Hamilton Hamilton Ss Vernon Sh undivided Gp -14,000 Traverse Bell Sh Ls Fm -14,000

Group Cornwall Potsdam Sandstone

Delaware Ls Gp Marcellus

Hamilton Gp Marcellus Dundee Ls Marcellus Fm Marcellus Fm Marcellus Sh Hamilton Ls Sh dee DEVONIAN Marcellus Sh Subgroup Sh Hamilton MIDDLE Dun- Confining Detroit Onondaga chosen along the Ohio Muscatuck Gp unit Lucas Fm Jeffer- River Onondaga Onondaga Ls Ls Gp Onondaga Ls

Ls Onon- Need- Fm Kanouse Ss Amherstburg Fm son Ls Ls Onondaga Fm Schoharie Schoharie Fm Detroit

River Gp daga more Fm Detroit Sylvania Columbus Onondaga River Gp Carlisle Bois Ls Chert Sh Ss Needmore Center Fm Esopus ? ? Blanc Fm Bois Blanc Bois Blanc Hunters- Need- Bois Blanc Esopus Fm Fm River, in a southwest- ? Huntersville Fm Fm ville more Sh Esopus Sh Chert Sh WŝƩsburgh- Oriskany Ss Connelly Cgl Oriskany Oriskany Oriskany Gp -15,000 Organic Oriskany Ss Ss Oriskany Ss Washington -15,000 LOWER Oriskany Ss Oriskany Ss Ss shale Helderberg Mandata Sh Helderberg Lineament northeast trend, to link Helderberg Gp Helderberg Gp Gp Gp Mbr Helderberg Gp Helderberg Ls Helderberg Ls Bass Bass Clifton Bass Keyser Akron Dol Rondout Fm Rondout Fm Bass Island Gp Islands Gp Islands Forge Ss Islands Dol Keyser Ls PALEOZOIC Keyser Fm Bertie Fm Decker Berkshire the Kentucky site to Fm Fm Valley Fm Camillus Coal-bearing Bossards- Salina Dol Tonoloway Tonoloway Fm ville Ls

rocks Bailey Ls Tonoloway Fm Salina Gp Fm Salina Gp Salina Ls Salina Syracuse Poxono Poxono Wabash Fm Island Fm Island Fm the AEP Mountaineer -16,000 Fm Fm Gp Wills Gp Salina Vernon

Salina Gp Wills Salina Gp Salina Mocc.

Springs Creek Creek Wills Creek Fm Fm Ludlow-Pridoli Louis- Blooms- ville Fm Longwood Pleasant Ls Fm burg Basal Mills Newburg Ss Bloomsburg Williamsport Red Beds Sh site in West Virginia, Niagara Gp Wald- Bainbridge Gp Fm Ss Fm Bloomsburg Lockport Dol ron Lockport Dol Lockport Dol Lockport McKenzie Fm confining Sh Lockport McKenzie Fm Salamonie Dol Dol Fm Fm Mifflintown Fm units SILURIAN Rochester Rochester Manistique Gp Clinton Rochester Sh Keefer Ss Sh Keefer Ss Keefer Ss to the First Energy St. Clair Gp Clinton Gp Dayton Fm Keefer Ss Shawan- Green Rose Hill Fm Clinton Clinton gunk ƌŽƐƐ^ĞĐƟŽŶ xplanaƟŽŶ Burnt Bluff Gp Gp Pond Cgl Rose Hill Fm Rose Hill Gp Oneida Fm Clinton Gp Crab Wenlock Cacapon Ss Sh Rose Hill Cong Rock Units (Paleozoic) Sedimentary Llandovery- Cataract Gp demonstration site in Cataract Gp Brass- Saxton Cabot Head Fm Orchard Gp Brassfield Cabot Cataract Gp rocks field Fm Creek Ls Brassfield Fm Brassfield Fm Head Fm Medina Gp Tuscarora SsMedina Gp Tuscarora Fm Tuscarora Ss Queenston Sh Queenston Sh Drakes Fm Bull Fork Fm Juniata Fm Queenston Fm Juniata Fm Juniata Fm Queenston Ss SequestraƟon target (potenƟal saline reservoir) Cross Oswego Bald Eagle Sh Ashlock Fm Grant Fm Ohio, and northeastward 1 Maquoketa Gp Lake Ls Fm Gp Utica Sh Cincinnati gp Calloway Creek Fairview/ Reedsville Martins- Lorraine Gp Fm Reedsville Sh ^ĞĐƟŽŶ Leipers Sh burg Martinsburg Fm Garrard Slt Fms Fm Local sequestraƟon target (ConĮning interval Igneous and Richmond Martinsburg Fm Utica Sh Collingwood Sh Clays Ferry Fm Fm Utica Sh Point Pleasant Fm Kope Fm Antes Fm metamorphic Trenton Lexing- Martinsburg containing potenƟal reservoirs within it) into the Appalachian Trenton Fm Trenton Gp Trenton Gp LocaƟŽŶ Trenton Ls Lexington Ls Lexington Ls Trenton Gp rocks UPPER Ls ton Ls Jacksonburg Ls Black River Gp Black River Fm Black River Gp Black River Gp High Bridge Gp Black River Gp Chambersburg Ls Black River Gp

N burg Gp Scale Glenwood Fm St. Peter Ancell Gp Wells Creek Fm Wells Creek Dol Chambers- Loysburg Fm Chazy Ss Basin in Pennsylvanian. Ss St. Peter ss St. Peter Ss Wells St.Paul 0 30 mi St. Peter Ss Creek Fm St. Paul Gp 2 Gp Wells ConĮning interval Creek 3 St. Peter Fm Belle- 0 50 km Ss fonte town Fm Wells selected for the Beekman- Fm Organic-rich shale (ConĮning interval with adsorpƟon VerƟcal ExaggeraƟon (65X) ORDOVICIAN MIDDLE Island Fm Axe- Providence trapping and possible enhanced gas recovery) mann Pinesburg Unconformity Pinesburg Fm Station Dol Fort cross-section were Foster Fm Stat. Cassin Knox Rockdale Nittany Fm Prairie du Fm Rockdale Theresa Ss 4 Super- Run Fm Ontelaunee Fm Chien Gp group Beek- Beekmantown Beekmantown Gp Run Fm undifferentiated Stonehenge Stone- Tribes Hill Basal ConĮning Units (Proterozoic) dol

LOWER mantown those drilled to greatest Dol henge

town Gp Larke

Ls Beekmantown Gp town Fm Fm Epler Fm Beekman- Fm Stonehenge Ls dol Beekman- Fm unnamed Prairie du Chien Gp Prairie du upper Stouffers- Mines Mbr Knox Gp town Gp Beekmantown Gp Trempealeau Fm Rose Run ss Knox Dol Rose Run Ss Sedimentary rocks (and in some Potosi Dol Little Falls Fm Beekman- 5 Ss mbr town Mbr Upper Sandy Mbr Rickenbach Fm Franconia Fm Franconia Copper Ridge Copper Conoco- Middle Ore Hill Rose Run Ss Ironton Ss Copper Ridge Dolomite Conococheague Ls areas intercalated basalts) depths and those with Ridge Dol Mbr Mbr dol Dol cheague Gp Knox Gp Galesville Ss Davis Galesville Ss Fm

Lower Sandy Mbr Conoco- MI Gp Galway Fm Gp

Eau cheague Gp Kerbel Fm Gatesburg Eau Claire Fm Eau Claire Fm Claire Stacy Mbr Allentown Fm Munising Munising Fm Conasauga Gp Warrior Fm Igneous and metamorphic rocks

Furongian Conasauga Mt. Simon Ss Mt. Simon Ss Potsdam Ss Potsdam Fm best down-hole logs. Mt. gp 6 Simon Ss Cona- Elbrook Òbasal ssÓMt. Simon Ss Elbrook Fm Altona sauga Gp Fm Fm Pleasant Hill Because none of the wells 7 Fm ? Elbrook Fm MIDDLE Rome Leithsville Fm CAMBRIAN Fm Well symbols Rock unit series PA Basal S Waynes- reached basement, top of Rome Waynesboro Waynesboro Fm IN Fm boro Fm ? Fm s 2,500 Ō. well depth ? Tomstown Fm Tomstown Fm Top of Mississippian strata 8 Shady/Tomstown Tomstown Dol Class I injecƟon well Basal Ss Antietam ? Antietam Fm Antietam Fm Hardyston Fm 30 Harpers Precambrian and location 9 29 LOWER Harpers Fm Top of Devonian strata Wever-

Chilhowee ton Class V CO2 injecƟon test Catoctin Fm Weverton Fm Well used to interpret 27 Swift Run Fm Loudoun Fm well (MRCSP project) Top of Silurian strata subsurface faults were 10 28 Catoctin metavolcanics subsurface geology ? Swift Run Fm Chestnut Hill Fm Top of Ordovician strata 11 Class V CO2 injecƟon test

OH 26 NEOPRO- determined from existing TEROZOIC Grenville Grenville Grenville Grenville Gneiss Grenville Grenville well (other project) Pre- Middle Middle complex Middle complex complex complex complex complex Top of Cambrian strata 24 Jacobsville Run Run Fm Fm Fault. Arrow shows relaƟve direcƟon of movement. 25 Ss Mt. Run Fm Simon seismic data and reports. clastics InjecƟon zone Top of Precambrian (Proterozoic) Dashed where locaƟon or dip is uncertain. Faults with no Freda Ss arrows have primarily strike-slip movement. 13 15 Nonesuch Sh strata

TEROZOIC Copper Harbor Cong Granite- Granite- 23 MESOPRO- Rock units deeper than 17 Rhyolite Rhyolite 12 complex complex 14 19 Granite-Rhyolite 22 WV complex 18 crystalline 2,500 ft. were color 16 21 basement

TEROZOIC complex coded according to their KY 20 0 50 100 mi PALEOPRO- 0 50 100 150 km sequestration potential.