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Guide to a Microfilm Edition of the Ignatius Donnelly Papers at The Guide to a Microfilm Edition of The Ignatius Donnelly Papers Helen McCann White MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY' ST. PAUL· 1968 COPYRIGHT, 1968 © BY THE MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG NUMBER: 68-63367 This pamphlet and the micl'Ofilm edition at the Ignatius Donnelly Papers which it describes were made possible by a g1'Ont of funds fl'Om the National Historical Publications Commission to the Minnesota Historical Society. Introduction IGNATIUS DONNELLY was a man of richly varied talents who was associated with virtually every agrarian protest movement of his day. He reached Minnesota from his native state of Pennsylvania just in time to share generously in the economic adver~dty brought on by the panic of 1857. In his adopted state he dabbled for a time in townsite promotion and law before turning to antislavery politics. He joined the Republican party in pre-Civil War days when it was emerging as a radical movement. His steadily increasing penchant for political irregularity led him to break with the regular Republican organization and later to join forces with the Democrats. He reoriented the Granger movement into political channels and spearheaded its assault on the railroads. Midway in his career he was converted from hard~money economics to Greenbacldsm. He was at the forefront of the Anti-Monopoly party and the Farmers Alliance. He played an important role in the formation of the national People's party. He was un~ doubtedly Populism's greatest orator. On the stump he was at his best, searing his opponents with wit and ridicule or eulogizing his allies with extravagant praise. Although politics remained his central interest, Donnelly's restless energy and varied gifts carried him into several careers. He was editor and publisher of newspapers in the vanguard of the agrarian crusade. Perhaps the most famous political document penned by Donnelly is the ringing preamhle to the Popnlist platform of 1892, callipg for social and economic reforms that would be taken into the mainstream of the nation's governing policies a generation later. A pro­ liRe writer, he published books on popular science and social protest. Among them are Atlantis and Caesar's Column, which have been reissued in modern editions. For almost half a century he attracted and charmed huge crowds at his lectures, speaking convincingly on a wide variety of subjects. He was an avowed Baconian, proclaiming from the platform and the printed page that the author of the works of Shakespeare was Francis Bacon. The Ignatius Donnelly Papers comprise the most extensive collection on the Populist movement in existence. They illuminate the personality and times of this brilliant and unfailingly fascinating nineteenth-century reformer. The papers were selected by the Minnesota Historical Society as the second of its collections to be microfilmed under a grant of funds from the National Historical Publications Commission. iii Without the dedicated efforts of many persons the preparation of this micro­ fihn edition of the Donnelly Papers would not have been possible. COMoperation and support in all phases of the project have come from Robert H. Bahmer and Oliver W. Hohnes, the commission's chairman and director, respectively, and from the latter's assistant, Fred Shelley. Lucile M. Kane, curator of manuscripts at the Minnesota Historical Society, and Thomas F. Deahl, former head of the society's public communications department, were codirectors of the project dur­ ing the first year of its operation. The greater part of the work was done under the direction of Helen McCann White, editor of the microfilm and author of this guide, who became project director at the end of 1966. Working lmder Mrs. White's able direction were Faustino J. Avaloz, head of the society's microrecording laboratory, who was in charge of developing and printing the fihn, Lawrence E. Bloom, microphotogra­ pher, and other full-time and part-time assistants: Maureen Leverty, Luther B. Thompson, Mary P. Lindeke, Marilyn Clancy, Dorothy Derifield, Constance J. Kadrmas, and Jane S. Davis. Volunteer workers who sorted, repaired, and mounted newspaper clippings were Betsy and Carolyn Gilman, Philip Hage, Bruce White, Mrs. George Becker, and Marie Woltman. Reference aid and secre­ tarial help have been supplied by other departments of the society. Editorial assistance in preparing this guide for publication has been contributed by June D. Holmquist and other members of the society's publications department. Marcella Beaulieu of the Minnesota State AJ.·chives Commission restored man­ uscripts that could not have been filmed without her attention. Philip C. Donnelly of St. Paul, Mrs. Trevor Bowen of New York City, and the State Historical So­ ciety of Wisconsin allowed copies of manuscripts in their possession to be in­ cluded in this microfihn edition, and the St. Louis Public Library supplied photo­ stats to replace newspapers in the collection that were too defective to be copied. The society gratefully acknowledges the assistance of all these persons and organizations in making the Donnelly Papers available at reasonable cost to a nationwide audience. RUSSELL W. FRIDLEY, Director Minnesota Historical Society iv Contents The Ignatius Donnelly Papers . 1 Biographical Sketch 2 Origin of the Collection . 6 Description of the Papers 8 Philadelphia Days . 8 Early Nininger Days 9 1859-1869 10 1870-1879 11 1880-1889 12 1890-1900 13 1901- 1943 16 Subjects of Special Interest 16 Supplement .... 24 A Selected Bibliography 24 The Microfilm 26 Microfilm Errors. 30 Selected List of Authors 30 Subject Index 33 v IGNATIUS DONNELLY (1831-19°1). This photograph, taken by Charles Zimmerman of St. Paul sometime between 1.873 and 1886, was presented to the Minnesota Historical Society in 1947 by Mrs. Henry L. (MOl'ion 0.) Woltman. vi The Ignatius Donnelly Papers THE PAPERS of Ignatius Donnelly in the Minnesota Historical Society are divided into four principal groups of matelial. Three of these, housed in the manuscripts department, are: (1) correspondence and miscellaneous papers (undated, 1812, and 1836-1943) -the bulk of which are in the period from 1854 to '90'; (2) literary materials; and (3) one hundred and thirty volumes, covering dates from 1847 to '903. These three groups measure fifty-two linear feet, including approximately one foot of oversize items. A fourth group of mateliaIs, shelved in the library, comprise seventy~seven bound volumes of pamphlets. The early papers largely concern Donnelly's life in Philadelphia as a student, lawyer, embryo poet, and officer of land and building associations. After 1856 they document his family life and career in Minnesota as a townsite promoter, lieutenant govelTIOr from 1859 to 1863, member of the United States House of Representatives from 1863 to 1869, and state legislator for various terms between 1873 and 1897; as editor .and publisher of three newspapers; as a sometime Democratic, Republican, and third-party politician; as a popular orator and lecturer; as an unsuccessful candidate for many public offices, including that of vice-president of the United States in 1900; and as the author of books of popular science, novels of social protest, and works espOUSing the theory that Francis Bacon was the author of the writings attributed to William Shakespeare. The Donnelly Papers are copied on one hundred and sixty-seven rolls of fihn, and contain, with a few exceptions, the full collection of papers in the possession of the society, as well as copies of letters from the collections of the State HistOli­ cal Society of Wisconsin and some items in private ovmership. Correspondence and miscellaneous papers are found on Rolls 1-132; literary materials on Rolls 133-138; volumes on Rolls 139-163; and selected pages from the library pam­ phlets on Rolls 164-167_ At the end of Roll 167, filmed as a supplement to the collection, are photocopies of items from a scrapbook in the possession of Mrs. Trevor (Katharine Giltinan) Bowen. A brief general description of the papers appears on each microfilm roll. It is followed by a selected chronology of significant events in Donnelly's life; a list of sample citations to the papers; a roll note for each of the four groups of papers in the collection; and a list of' the rolls in each of these groups. In addition to these reference aids, the microfilm contains copies of catalog cards listing other manuscript collections in the society relating to Donnelly (Roll 163) and the library's holdings of printed works by and about Donnelly (Roll 167). 1 The 2-B fihn format has been nsed in microfihning the Donnelly Papers. A running title beneath each :film frame gives the name of the institution and col­ lection, roll and frame numbers, and the reduction ratio of the image. Other special targets indicate incomplete or defective manuscripts, enclosures, or other technical information helpful to the reader. Sometimes a manuscript was fihned more than once at different camera settings if the writing was faded or blurred. In this case a target indicating intentional duplication was used. Undated items appear on the film before dated ones, and a chronological order was followed whenever possible in the arrangement and filming of the papers within the separate groups. When an item fmmd to be out of place was inserted into a film sequence, it was identified with frame numbers followed by a letter (as 163A). This guide, designed to accompany the microfilm edition of the Donnelly Papers, provides biographical data on Donnelly, infOlmation on the Minnesota Historical Society's acquisition of the papers, and an analysis of the contents of the collection. It also includes an inventory of the microfilm rolls, a selected bibliography of manuscript and published sources au Donnelly, and a list of author and subject entries used by the society in cataloging the papers.
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