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CouncilThe Quarterly Quarterly Newsletter of the Urban Forestry Council 2016 Issue Three

The Council Quarterly newsletter is published quarterly by the Florida Urban Forestry Council and is intended as an educational benefit to our members. Information may be reprinted if credit is given to the author(s) and this newsletter. All pictures, articles, advertisements, and other data are in no way to be construed as an endorsement of the author, products, services, or techniques. Likewise, the statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not represent the view of the Florida Urban Forestry Council or its Executive Committee. This newsletter is made possible by the generous support of the Florida Department of and Consumer Services, Florida Forest Service, Adam H. Putnam Commissioner. A BRIEF HISTORY OF PINE FLATWOODS IN Submitted by Jerry Renick, Environmental Service Manager - Wantman Group, Inc.

Pine flatwoods were first identified as pine extending into the Bahama Islands. This shrubs including saw palmetto, galberry, barrens by William Bartram in 1791 during south Florida variety of pine is also known lyonia, cocoplum, and a few other common his travels in Florida. The term flatwoods as yellow pine, swamp pine, and . They are usually inhabited with was used by the English settlers in the pine. It is estimated that pine flatwoods a diverse groundcover of grasses and early days to describe the characteristic flat as an ecosystem covered up to 50% of the wildflowers. The terrain for pine flatwoods ground with no topographic relief in south land area of Florida at one time. Within can vary greatly from its northern extent Florida. Slash pine (Pinus elliotti) forests these pineland communities other habitats near , to its southern range have the smallest range of all the major were included such as cypress domes, bay of Dade County, and the Keys including southern pines, historically extending from swamps, hardwood hammocks, freshwater both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal areas. South Carolina to south Florida and as marshes, wet prairies, and upland sandhills It can vary from a dry scrubby flatwoods far west as Louisiana. The south Florida or sand pine scrub ecosystems. with shrubby through mesic to wet variety (Pinus elliotti var. densa) has a flatwoods that are similar to wet prairie. natural range from just north of present Pine flatwoods are considered a type of day Orlando, south into the Keys and even savannah with scattered pines, scattered Pine flatwood ecosystems prefer acid sandy soils that are typically low in organic material. Moisture levels are from dry to saturated, varying with the site and with yearly weather fluctuations. Flatwood tolerate a wide range of moisture and soil fertility. Many species may be suitable for only drier or wetter conditions. Plants are

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INSIDE:

A Brief History of Pine Flatwoods in South Florida...... 1 - 4

President’s Message...... 2

Request For Articles...... 2

Beyond the Urban Forest...... 5

Tree of the Quarter...... 6 & 7

Community Involvement is Making a Difference...... 9 & 10

A Reverence for of an Early Florida Forest...... 13 & 14

Stump the Forester...... 16

Membership...... 18 & 19

1 continued from pg. 1 President’s message generally not tolerant of and shade. Under natural conditions fires occur at 1-5 Hello FUFC members! intervals, preventing natural succession to upland forest. This issue of The Council Quarterly will discuss the history of trees in Florida. Florida looked much differently 500 ago. Covering the land back then would have been millions of acres of virgin timber made up of predominately longleaf and slash pine and large areas of cypress, loblolly pine, sand pine, palms, and oaks. Over time, these stands have dwindled, and finding virgin timber is rare. Trees have helped shape Florida, providing capital and resources to permit rapid growth and development over the past 200 years.

The forest industry continues to be the leading agriculture industry in Florida and the As the geographic area extends south, economic impact is second to tourism. Over 5,000 products can be derived from the the sandy layer becomes thinner and the limestone layer becomes more prominent. forest including the obvious products such as lumber and paper, but also products such as This area, known as pine rocklands, is an ecosystem unique to the south Florida clothing, toothpaste and adhesives. environment as it evolved on a limestone substrate. This ecosystem comprises the Other benefits come from the forest that are just as important but are not always measured southernmost extent of the pine flatwood range and is found in the -Dade economically. These benefits include air and water quality, energy savings, reduction of County area (Miami Rock Ridge), the street noise and sound pollution and overall improved emotional and psychological health. Big Cypress Swamp and even into the Bahama Islands. It often includes a diverse Managing our forest is about balancing the ecological, social and economic needs of our hardwood and palm understory with a very rich and diverse herbaceous groundcover. state. It is important that we continue to educate the citizens and visitors of our state about Pine rocklands are also critical foraging and nesting habitat for a diverse group of the importance of our forests and proper management practices so future generations can wildlife including the federally protected benefit from a healthy, viable forest. Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium).

Yours Truly, Another important ecosystem endemic to the pine flatwood ecosystems of south Florida is the hydric pine flatwood. This Linda Seufert is an ecosystem that is a tale of extremes, Linda Seufert 2016 FUFC President NEWSLETTER ADVERTISING REQUEST FOR ARTICLES Annual rates: • • • Please let us know what urban forestry We look forward to hearing from you on Business-card size advertisement: $75 projects you have going on in your neck this or any other interesting topic related of the . The Florida Urban Forestry to the urban forestry industry Quarter page advertisement: $115 Council would greatly appreciate the and profession. Please send Half-page advertisement: $225 opportunity to share your information in our any articles or ideas to Joe Full page advertisement: $450 newsletter. These articles can include: Anderson, FUFC newsletter • • • editor, at [email protected]. n New trends in the industry To place an advertisement in n News about advocacy groups Thanks for contributing! The Council Quarterly, n Volunteer projects please contact Sandy Temple, n City tree programs FUFC Executive Director n Letters to the Editor (407-872-1738). n Questions for “Stump the Forester”

2 where its characteristics and conditions barriers, and introduction of non-native growth. In the last 50 years more than fluctuate between a wetland and an upland species to the ecosystem. All these 8,000,000 acres of forest lands and wetlands community. This occurs activities had a negative have fallen to development, accounting for due to the extremes in impact on the health nearly 24% the state’s land mass. Thanks hydrology from the wet “By 1841, the United and stability of the pine to the vision of the state of Florida, Pelican summer season when States Federal flatwood ecosystem. Island is the nation’s first wildlife refuge, the south Florida region Government granted and Ocala National Forest is the first eastern By 1841, the United typically receives as each state in the union national forest. much as 65 inches of States Federal Govern- rain or more and the dry to preserve as much as ment granted each state After preservation and conservation, the winter and spring season 500,000 acres of land for in the union to preserve next step is restoration of pine flatwood where the water table can conservation purposes.” as much as 500,000 acres ecosystems. This is a fairly recent activity drop down to several feet of land for conservation that has had variable measures of success, below ground elevation. purposes. This act was in although much has been learned through As a result, hydric pine flatwoods have the addition to the land received by the federal this process. Regular fires are essentially to highest plant diversity of any habitat in government as a result of the Swamp and the health of this ecosystem. Historically south Florida. Overflowed Lands Act of 1850. By this they were introduced on a 3 to 7 year cycle time, the state of Florida had 21 million as a result of lightning strikes during the Over the course of time, and upon settle- acres of conservation lands. This all came frequent summer thunderstorms. Today, ment by Europeans several changes to in the nick of time as the 1930s brought prescribed fires are used to mimic what the ecosystem began to occur including an era that drained the and nature used to do on its own and is used as attempts by settlers to perform agricultural brought incredible growth to Florida for the a tool to maintain the vegetative community activities (livestock and crop production), coming decades structure and clearing of forests during the Civil War at an average keep it from period for building fortresses and barracks, annual rate of transitioning to construction of roads for travel created fire 4% population a more hard-

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3 continued from pg. 3 environment as well as controlling the encroachment of exotic and nuisance plant species. South Florida slash pine is very fire resistant, and the pine are well protected during fire events due to its long needles which shelter the apical buds from damage. Many plants in the shrub and groundcover layers quickly sprout after the fire event.

As with many ecosystems and natural lands in south Florida, the pine flatwood have been susceptible to the impacts of man since Europeans settled in North America. Through many concerted efforts the federal, state, and local government agencies have placed thousands of acres into conservation status including upland and wetland pine flatwood ecosystems. Continued restoration efforts are a critical element in the continued attempt to preserve a diminishing and important ecosystem.

4 BEYOND THE URBAN FOREST Submitted by Dana Sussman, Orange County Senior Forester - Florida Forest Service

Many articles in The Council Quarterly accomplishments was the establishment of of Forestry at the University of Florida. In discuss the ecosystem services provided the Florida Forest Service (FFS) in 1928. 1936 the School of Forestry was created by our urban forests and how important This partnership, along with cooperation and research and educational efforts were they are to the health and vitality of our from the timber industry, promoted efforts begun. Important areas studied include communities. The work of arborists and to better manage the forest resource and forest genetics, Best Management Practices urban foresters helps manage and protect protect Florida’s forests. The dramatic loss for silviculture, the use of prescribed fire this resource. of forest due to timber harvesting spurred as a management tool, and multiple use the FFS to establish a resource management. Beyond the urban forest lies a resource nursery. Over The resulting information equally important to our well being: the the next two decades “With guidance from helped support significant rural forest. Foresters who manage these millions of trees were changes in forest manage- lands face many of the same challenges as planted. the FFS’s County ment practices and a those working in our urban forests. Their Forester Program..., more positive view of the goal? A healthy, diverse, and sustainable With guidance from the private landowners were timber industry. forest. Something urban foresters strive for FFS’s County Forester as well. Program (enacted by the encouraged to plant, In the decades since, Florida Legislature in grow, and harvest their advances in mechaniza- Rural forests support the timber industry 1941), private landowners forests on a continuous tion and expansion which has been an integral part of Florida’s were encouraged to plant, of seedling nurseries economy since the 1700s. From timber to grow, and harvest their cycle.” combined to support , the forests supported hundreds forests on a continuous reforestation efforts by of families and the towns in which they cycle. Small woodland small landowners, the lived. Until the 1920s, the supply of timber owners became the backbone of the timber Florida Forest Service, and forest industry. was seen as endless. Millions of acres of industry providing pine trees for the saw While there will never be as many forested pine forest were clear-cut without any plan timber and pulpwood markets. acres as there once were, great strides have to reforest them. “Cut and Move On” was been made towards a healthy, diverse, and the loggers’ . During this time, the FFA voiced strong sustainable rural forest in Florida. support for the establishment of a School By 1925 less than 30% of the original Sources: 27 million acres of Florida’s timberland From Florida Trees, State Archives of Florida remained. Amidst growing concern that A Comparative Analysis of the Evolution of For- the forest resource was being damaged est Management in the United States in General, irreparably, a small group of conser- With a Focus on Oregon, North Carolina and vationists created the Florida Forestry Florida. Patrick W. Kelly, 2006 Association (FFA) in 1923. One of its early

5 of Yellow Poinciana Tree the Quarter (Peltophorum dubium) Submitted by Julie Iooss, and Program Manager – City of Orlando Parks Division

In spite of its drawbacks the Yellow Poinciana is a worthy species, especially as it is so tolerant of drought and salt conditions. It should be pruned to reduce its bulk in dry months and never planted near buildings. Size and Form: Medium tree growing between 30-40’ X 40’ tree with a rectangular . Habitat: Dry tor moist coastal forest, decidu- ous woodland. Highly drought tolerant. Growth Rate: Young trees are fast growers, up to 6 feet in one year. Leaves: Leaflets are about ½ long and arranged in 20-30 pairs, bright glossy green and deciduous. Fallen leaflets and petals seem to fade away into lawns and are not much of a litter concern. Bark and : Although it has brittle wood and shallow roots, appears to be more storm resistant. Yellow Poinciana (Peltophorum dubium) A popular Florida landscape tree due to its cold-hardy nature, Peltophorum dubium, also known as Yellow Poinciana, Yellow jacaranda, Copperpod, and Horsebush is a tropical tree in the bean from and the West Indies. It looks very similar to P. pterocarpum, but is more cold tolerant, making it the tree of choice for Central Florida. Commonly confused P. dubium is a prettier bloomer and more graceful tree than the latter. It has a rather slender trunk, is high branching, with about 40 to 60 percent of the tree being cleared trunk. Its fine leaflets give it a graceful look, and its umbrella-like shape makes it a useful shade tree. At flowering, P. dubium is completely covered with bright yellow, upright panicles. The species is a poor bloomer in alternate years. In some cases, trees only several feet apart alternate in providing a magnificent floral display in successive years, primarily from late June to late July. The degree to which P. dubium apparently affects the extent of its deciduousness. In a year of heavy flowering, the tree will become completely deciduous.

6 : The flower buds are bright yellow with dark ochre tomen, arranged in bundles that end in spikes. The bright visible flowers are in corollas. They flower in the summer, but the bloom can be unpredictable. It has produced a flush of bright golden blooms one year and little to none the next year. and : The fruit is dull, grey-tan. Pods, flat, indehiscent, to 4 inches long with 1-3 . Usage: Timber is renowned in and used for cabinet work. It also provides a source of brown that is used in batik. Environment: This plant is attractive to , and/or birds.

7 8 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IS MAKING A DIFFERENCE Submitted by Lou Shepherd, Urban and Community Programs Coordinator - Florida Forest Service

Welcome to Florida’s new and returning Tree City USA® communities for 2015:

n Atlantic Beach n High Springs n McIntosh n City Beach n Stark n Virginia Gardens

This brings our state total to 173, raising Florida to the #3 ranking in the nation for the most Tree City USA® communities. Almost all Tree Cities from the previous year applied for recertification which does not happen every year. Thanks to everyone involved in this effort.

Jacksonville remains the largest Tree City USA ® in Florida, with a population of close to one million residents. The City of Pomona Park in Putnam County, with a population of less than one thousand proud residents, is the smallest.

The Tree City USA® program recognizes communities who are actively managing their tree canopy. The Florida Forest Service administers the Tree City USA ® program in Florida. Program information is available on the Arbor Day Foundation web site; www.arborday.org or on the Florida Forest Service website; www. freshfromflorida.com.

City and county governments, as well as federal military bases, are eligible for certification. To qualify, they must have a designated tree board, advocacy group, or department in charge of tree management. They must have a tree ordinance, work plan with an annual budget of at least $2 per capita, and an annual Arbor Day celebration.

For those who go above and beyond the call of duty, there is the Tree City USA Growth Award. To qualify, the cities need to start either new tree management activities or broaden the scope of their current activities over those of the past year. In 2015, a total of 25 Florida communities received Growth Awards.

A city receiving a Growth Award for at least 10 years is recognized as a Sterling Tree City USA. This year, the City of Palm Coast received Sterling recognition. Florida currently has 18 cities having achieved this honor.

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The Tree Campus USA program The Florida Urban Forestry Council is recognizes colleges (any post-secondary actively promoting Tree Campus USA academic institution) who maintain an and welcomes potential applicants. active tree management program on their campus with adequate funding, dedicated staff and resources, and volunteer participation in tree activities from students, staff, and faculty. Florida currently has 14 Tree Campus USA’s, which include:

n College of Central Florida n Eckerd College n Florida Atlantic University n Florida Gulf Coast University n Florida Institute of Technology Electric utility companies and cooperatives n Florida International University who use good tree care practices and do n Jacksonville University public tree outreach in their communities n Johnson & Wales University are eligible for certification under the n St. Johns River State College Tree Line USA program. Certification n Stetson University requirements include adhering to n University of Central Florida established standards for tree pruning and n University of Florida tunneling, using integrated vegetation n University of Miami management principles when maintaining n University of South Florida transmission line rights-of-way, providing a worker training and adequate safety for line clearing crews, promoting tree planting for energy conservation, and participating in the urban forestry programs of their local communities. Florida companies and cooperatives that are currently certified as Tree Line USA are: n Duke Energy n Electric Cooperative n JEA (Jacksonville Utility) n Ocala Utility Services n Orlando Utilities Commission n Sumter Electric Cooperative (SECO) n Talquin Electric Cooperative n Tampa Electric (TECO) n Winter Park Utilities

If your city, county, college, company, or cooperative would like to participate in any of these Arbor Day Foundation programs, or if you would like more information about them, please contact the Urban Forestry Coordinator Lou Shepherd at (850) 681-5881, or [email protected].

10 Working in Harmony with Nature

Sumter Electric Cooperative has always placed a high priority on the environment by working to stay in harmony with nature. Evidence of SECO’s environmental stewardship is displayed through the following programs.

Sumter Electric Cooperative: • was named a Tree Line USA utility for the fourth consecutive year by The National Arbor Day Foundation. Employee arboriculture training, public education, and maintaining abundant, healthy trees in SECO’s service area are common practices. • installs osprey nesting dishes atop of the utility pole cross arms as needed for these magnificent birds. • places squirrel guards atop the transformers to protect a variety of animals from danger, particularly squirrels. • offers net metering to members interested in renewable generation such as photovoltaic systems. • recycles retired power equipment, scrap steel, aluminum, , porcelain, fluorescent lights, ink printer and copier cartridges, plus much more. • researches and writes Nature’s Reflections, a special column in the members’ newsletter developed to educate the community on the flora and fauna of Florida with eco-friendly topics like xeriscaping and conservation.

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12 A REVERENCE FOR TREES OF AN EARLY FLORIDA FOREST Submitted by Joe Anderson, Utility Forester - JEA

“These are the trees that provide the smell maple, ash, and pine. The hearth, bread wood was good for this, but not for that. of pine, the utility of , the shade of oven, smoker, kiln, and the forge required Other wood was good for that, but not for summer, and the pleasure of fruit - familiar different wood. They knew how to create this. to each passing generation, that lived, loved, by reducing the oxygen supply and labored so that one day, long after to a wood burning fire. Charcoal could For example, the vascular tissues within they have passed, we may carry on, to live, bring a blacksmith’s forge to the required the red and white oaks are physically and love, and labor – just as future generations, temperatures needed to work and other biologically different. White oaks have unknown to us, may metals. The raw material wider wood grain, lower wood , and smaller vascular pores making them forget who we are – all “They may not recognize for charcoal was readily our worries, faults, and available everywhere to ideal for the staves of barrels built to carry fears – yet still share and the abundant forests the early pioneers, and such liquids as water, beer, wine, and other enjoy together, if only they once knew, but budding industries. Coal spirited drinks. The tanning industry, on the for a moment, the very was a better fuel for the other hand, sought the red oaks due to their same timeless smell of they would hold a keen forge, but you had to higher levels. pine, the utility of oak, reverence for wood - and mine coal. The story of Early Florida forests served as the feed & the shade of summer, and they would remember coal is later narrative and the pleasure of fruit.” - a conversation that can’t seed store; the grocery produce and deli; Nostalgia more than we know about take place without talking and the corner pharmacy. Once it was our neighborhood trees.” about trees. common practice to let hogs forage on the There is little doubt crop within the forests. An old story that the future is not Not all wood is created tells that our early forest had such a wealth what it used to be in the mind’s eye of equal. Our forbearers understood this. of that the pigs that fed upon them our ancestors. Could Florida’s early Each wood has its own characteristic; each soon went nuts. The temperate hardwood inhabitants, who came centuries before has its own magic. Everyday chores and forests were common place on a variety us, have imagined the world we live in tasks required the wizardry of wood. How of sites throughout the upper 2/3rds of the today? Conceivably not, bar the remaining each wood breathes, swells, shrinks, scars, state. Florida’s deciduous and evergreen remnants of a frontier landscape. Our trees colors, twists, and turns would depend upon forests provided an abundance of wild are fragments of days gone by. Earlier the composition and personality of its parent - to include , quail, duck, inhabitants would recognize our trees. They tree. There was a need for ladles, , rabbit, raccoon, opossum, deer, fox, black may not recognize the abundant forests shovels, tankards, handles, gun stocks, bear, mink, otter, bobcat, and a host of they once knew, but they would hold a benches, stools, barrels, casks, mallets, other fauna. The decline of species diversity keen reverence for wood - and they would yokes, plows, doors, lumber, planks, braces, and population followed the loss of forest remember more than we know about our pegs, shingles, shakes, barns, rails, crates, neighborhood trees. tools, skids, buggies, and buckboards. Some continues on pg. 14 Once upon a time, trees were more than ornamentals that line our streets, shade our sidewalks, define our parks, and beautify our yards. Trees were the grocery store, hardware store, and the local pharmacy. When building a boat, trees not only provided the bark, twine, and pitch to build a canoe, they held the secrets to an entire ship building industry. Florida’s coastal maritime forest and adjacent backwoods provided the longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) for the masts, live oak (Quercus virginiana) for the interior ribs of a ship, bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) and red cedar (Juniperous virginiana) for planking, and slash pine (Pinus elliottii) for the -based naval stores (, , pitch, tar, and cordage) needed to float a boat. Naval stores remained an economic mainstay for the southeastern states long after the age of sailing ships passed. Our astute forefathers may not have known how to measure the British thermal unit (Btu) of a burning log, but they knew the different burning potential of , oak,

13 continued from pg. 13 habitat. There were a few species that wonder drugs. The hackberry (Celtis profound reverence for trees and forests. He once roamed and thrived within the open occidentalis) and red cedar (Juniperus spoke to our generation with the following woods, cypress swamps, and pine stands virginiana) were used to flavor sentiment, “If our ancestors found it wise commonplace to early Florida. The red wolf foods. Knowing the trees and plants was the and necessary to cut down vast forests, it is (Canis rufus) also known as the Florida secret to better health. all the more needful that their descendants wolf, may have been the first New World should plant trees. We should do our part, wolf species encountered by European Knowing the woods, leaves, , and therefore, toward awakening again, that colonists. The fox squirrel (Sciurus flowers was more than a pastime. Knowing natural love of trees…We ought not cease, niger), the largest tree squirrel native to the trees was a way of life. Being able to till every man feels it to be one of his moral North America, was an important source read the trees – by species, form, and shape duties to become a planter of trees.” of meat for settlers in the 17th and 18th – was the key to knowing the land. The trees centuries. The Red-cockaded woodpecker could tell you where the rich and poor soils A tree is a story book whose words weave (Leuconotopicus borealis) is a native, non- could be found. Trees could tell you where among its branches, leaves, and inner migratory woodpecker exclusive to longleaf good water was located. On a calm day, rings of its trunk. There is a treasure trove pine stands once common to Florida. the form of a tree would tell about harsh, of secrets within a tree. There is a wealth Like the (Puma concolor) prevailing winds. of knowledge held within a forest. Our today’s populations are only fragments of forbearers understood this. A reverence what used to stalk our forests and swamps. As early as the 1850s our forebears for trees was more than a way of life. A The existence of Florida’s wildlife had expressed rising concerns about the rapid reverence for trees was more than knowing everything to do with trees. Knowing the reduction of our forest. Andrew Jackson how to live, but knowing how to live well. trees was crucial to obtaining all the benefits Downing, a 19th century landscape designer Our urban forests and community trees are that wild game would bring. and horticulturalists--named after Major not immune to this truth--a truth that does General Andrew Jackson following the not fade with the passing of time. It is the The (Sassafras albidum), 1815 victory of the Battle of same today, as it was yesterday, as it will be elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), and and former territorial governor of Florida tomorrow. holly (Ilex sp) were sought as new found and the 7th president of the U.S.--had a

Annivers 5th ary 2 2016 Like1991 Us! How high can we go?

Happy Anniversary FUFC! Annivers 5th ary 2 2016

1991

14 URBAN FORESTRY Urban INSTITUTE Forestry URBAN FORESTRY Institute INSTITUTE

URBANURBAN FORESTRYFORESTRY 2017 INSTITUTE INSTITUTE

Thursday & Friday Registration information available January 2017 March 16-17, 2017 www.fufc.org Valencia College - West Campus 1800 S. Kirkman Rd., Orlando, FL 32811 Topics Include: • Creating High-Impact Urban Forestry Programs • Using Tree Inventory or Canopy Analysis Data in the Development of Urban Forest Management Programs • How to turn a Developing Commu- Climbing to the Featuring the nity into a Managing Community • Maximizing Coordination with Following Speakers: Advocacy Groups and Communi- Next Branch of Dan Lambe, Arbor Day Foundation cating to the Public Rob Northrop, UF IFAS Extension - Hillsborough County • Tree Protection Ordinance Writing Don Winsett, Davey Resource Group and Enforcement a Managed Lou Shepherd, Florida Forest Service • Communicating Urban Forestry Wayne Zimmerman, Orlando Utilities Commission Issues Across Departments and to Charlie Marcus, Legacy Arborist Services Elected Officials Urban Forest and others 15 STUMP THE FORESTER

QUESTION: Why can squirrels run across shield against electrical shock. Generally, move in much the same way elevation utility wires and not be harmed? How the electrical distribution lines with the differences will cause water to flow and can birds sit on electrical wires and not be highest voltage and the highest risk will be objects to roll. The greater the difference, electrocuted? highest on the pole. These wires are often the greater the flow. The greater the flow, bare, having no protective insulation other the greater the current. The greater the ANSWER: Don’t be fooled. This high wire act than height, space or distance. There is a current, the greater the hazard. can be a dangerous stunt for our arboreal real potential danger with the high wire-- acrobats. electrical potential to be exact. It’s all about your POINT of reference. If the squirrel, or bird, contacts a wire The short answer is that electrical shock Electrical potential is voltage difference at a single point, or two points with the will only happen if electrons (electric between two points. If the difference is low same voltage potential they are relatively particles) move through you--not past you. the risk is low. If the difference is high the safe. The bird sitting on a wire is like As long as the squirrel is running along, results can be shocking. Disparity makes a cul-de-sac in the electrical system--a or the bird is sitting upon, a non-electrical all the difference. In the world of physics a deadend. Electrons have nowhere to go. wire, an insulated wire, or contacting points difference in temperature, elevation, speed, Electrons can’t escape and pass by the in the same electrical state, electrons are not or voltage is like a difference of opinion – it bird--not through it. If the bird spreads its passing through the body. The animals are can create conflict. wings and comes in contact with another safe. wire or object, the body may become an Consider the speeding train analogy. As escape route. Electrons will flow through Let’s take a closer look. Let’s first consider long as all your parts are entirely inside the the body--ouch. the wire. Not all wires are created equal train traveling at the same speed you are regarding an electrical hazard. Insulated safe. You’ll be in jeopardy if you attempt to Therefore, as long as the squirrel is communication (cable, TV, telephone) lines leave the moving train and your body makes traveling along an energized wire, or a do not pose contact with bird is sitting at a single point where the a threat as another object electrical potential is low, the risk is low. do electrical - stationary They are safe for the time being. However, lines. or moving if the bird spreads its wings and contacts Electrical at a different an adjacent wire; or if the squirrel bridges wires with a speed. the gap between two conductive objects, low voltage electrons will flow and the animals will are often Difference become Crispy Critters. wrapped, or (electrical sheathed with potential) Safety distances, insulating materials a rubber-like, between and animal guards are often engineered insulating two points into the design of electrical distribution material will cause systems in order to reduce the hazards to that will electrons to wildlife and tree limbs. Answer provided by Joe Anderson, Utility Forester with JEA

If you would like to ‘stump the forester,’ see page 2 for information on submitting your question!

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CHEN MOORE & NRPS LEGACY CITY OF CITY OF CITY OF POMPANO FLORIDA KEYS ASSOCIATES ARBORIST ALTAMONTE GAINESVILLE BEACH ELECTRIC Cris Betancourt, SERVICES SPRINGS BEAUTIFICATION Mark Brumet COOPERATIVE RLA Erin Givens Andy Capuano BOARD Wade Collum Jason Richards Stefan Bortak, CID Eric Hoyer Mike Insley Lissa Campbell Robert Kussner Eric Harrison, RLA Charlie Marcus Daniel Roslund Jeffrey Knee Paola West JEA Jason Sutton, RLA Jack Vogel Donnie Rowland Tricia Peddicord Joe Anderson Whitney Tidd Jay Vogel Bob Urice Anita Spring CITY OF SANFORD Landall Demby Jabari Taylor Keith Acree Michael Ninos EARTH ADVISORS, ORLANDO CITY OF APOPKA Fred Alexander Gregory Preston INC. UTILITIES David Burgoon CITY OF MIAMI Robert Beall Paul Traylor Darlene Harris COMMISSION Sims Courtney BEACH Tyrone Lowry John Harris Wayne Brian Liszcz Rodney Knowles Marc Hultin TREE HILL Zimmerman Mark Miller Omar Leon NATURE CENTER FLORIDA TREE David Pace Yanira Pineda CITY OF TAMARAC Greta Combs CARE COMPANY SECO ENERGY Flavia Tonioli Levertis Byrd Lizzie Ellis Russell April Hurst CITY OF Mark Williams Mark Mummaw Bogenschneider John LaSelva CASSELBERRY CITY OF TAMPA Katie Salz Gareth Coggan Amanda Kelly Brock CITY OF NAPLES – PARKS AND Richardson David Pell Joe Boscaglia RECREATION UCF – LANDSCAPE LANDSCAPE David Watford Chuck Smith Heather Shields Peg Bors AND NATURAL SERVICE Steve Spencer Deborah Giep RESOURCES PROFESSIONALS, STEWART’S TREE Marissa Williams CITY OF OAKLAND Robert Irving Alaina Bernard INC. SERVICE, INC. PARK Laurie Potier-Brown Patrick Bohlen Ed Barry James Stewart, Jr. CITY OF COCONUT Lisa Bishop Hill Brad Suder Ray Jarrett Sandra Wilson Jimmy Stewart CREEK Darrell Purchase Chris Kennedy Benton Randall Stewart David Poplawski Donald “Jay” Quier CITY OF TAMPA Tom Benton Russell Stewart Sharon Vollmer – PLANNING AND Stephen Grant Stacey Stewart Linda Whitman CITY OF OCOEE DEVELOPMENT Jamill Leiva Jeffrey Hayes Kathy Beck THE TREE LADY CITY OF COOPER Mary Danielewicz- UTILITY MARSHALL TREE COMPANY, LLC CITY CITY OF ORLANDO Bryson FARM Bruce Paulson Jeanette Wofford Justin Garber Brian Mims CITY OF OCALA John Gallagher Kimberly Paulson Alvin Gilreath David Reilly UTILITY SERVICES Leslie Marshall CITY OF CRYSTAL Ian Jurgensen Tim Bloom Michael Marshall URBAN RIVER TREE BOARD Greg Mallory CITY OF WINTER Sherie Burch James Marshall, Jr. FORESTRY Sharon Kerner Ken Pelham, RLA SPRINGS Michael McCleary James Marshall, Sr. ORGANIZATION Mark Littrell John Perrone Ken Hutchings Mike Poucher Daniel Adams Caije Peardon Bradley Radecki Kip Lockcuff Brad Wolfe NELSON TREE Janice Rahill Sara Miller SERVICE, INC. CITY OF Rondale Silcott Stephanie Monica Chuck Benton GAINESVILLE David Wagg Billy Skinner Bob Turner Ella Bernhardt Greg Viscusi Brooks CITY OF PINELLAS COMMUNITY Nat Davis PARK GREENING Linda Demetropoulos Matt Bale Mark Cassini Amber Mathis David Bowen Herb Poole Steve McKenzie EDISON FORD Mark Siburt Aaron Peterson WINTER ESTATES Bill Ruttencutter Debbie Hughes Chris Pendleton 18 membership, cont. MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION PROFESSIONAL (Dues are effective for the calendar year of January 1 - December 31) Russell Adams Jeff Kensinger Mark Neuberger Make check or money order payable to FUFC and mail to: Anthony Ayers Jeff Kerley Robert Northrop Post Office Box 547993, Orlando, FL 32854-7993 Beth Barth Bill Koen Steven Ochsner ••••••••••• John Beavers Todd Kucharski Kurt Olsen Categories (please check one): Donna Bloomfield Gayle Lafferty Rick Olson Patrick Cann Mark Lange Kimberly Pearson q Professional @ $25.00 Don Cassels December Lauretano- Fred Pope, Jr. RLA (Professional membership is open to anyone who is actively Jeremy Chancey Haines Jim Rauch working in the profession of Urban Forestry or any related Chris Cooper James LeGette Glenn Raulerson profession.) James Davis Casey Lee Regina Schultz Karen DeMaris Richard Leon Phillip Seay q Tree Advocate @ $20.00 Gene Dempsey Chuck Lippi Linda Seufert (Tree Advocate membership is granted to those volunteers who Dru Dennison Danny Lippi Robert Shoelson are members of a tree board, beautification committee or other Brian Dierks Nelson Lopez Scott Shultz Urban Forestry volunteer group.) Tim Eiseler Bruce Lucas Dawn Sinka q Supporting @ $200.00 Ron Faberman William Lynn Phillip Smith (Supporting membership is granted to those individuals, groups Brian Fischer Stephen MacKenzie Wayne Smith or other entities expressing a desire for a strong supportive Wayne Grubbs Mike Mackiewicz Jay Sockriter role in the Council. Membership will be granted for up to five Ruth Hamberg, RLA Richard Maxwell Scott Souder individuals of an organization or business.) ASLA AICP Alan Mayberry Tim Southby Nanette Haynes Early McCall Julie Sternfels q Government/Non-Profit Agency @ $100.00 Sharon Heal-Eichler, Ingrid McClellan Carolyn Swenson (Government/Non-Profit Agency membership is granted to those RLA Terrell McCombs Jim Thorsen individuals, groups or other entities actively working in the Leah Hoffman Bruce McElroy H. Lawson Turner profession of Urban Forestry or any related profession. Member- Brian Hopper Chris Miller Alyson Utter ship will be granted for up to five individuals within the agency.) James Hunter Patrick Miller Bruce Wagner q Student @ $10.00 David Jahn Carol Mini Kent Walia (Student membership is granted to anyone who is actively Dave Jennings Michael Mittiga Janet Whitmill enrolled as a full-time student and who is considering pursuing a Ralph Jimison Melinda Mohrman Mike Zimmerman career in Urban Forestry.) Kacy Keeffe Larry Morris Tim Kenney Sherri Mullis Name:

TREE ADVOCATE HONORARY Julie Iooss ______Denise Aldridge Mike Conner Howard Jeffries Title: Phyllis Ashley Anna Dooley Andy Kittsley Sean Atkinson Norm Easey Ken Lacasse ______Jan Beljan Justin Freedman Earline Luhrman Firm: L. Thomas Chancey Ed Gilman Bill Reese Steve Graham Jerry Renick Kathleen Dilts ______John Foltz Michael Greenstein Mike Robinson Cheryl Houghtelin Elizabeth Harkey John Tamsberg Address: Lassie Lee Mary Lou Hildreth Celeste White Mark Line John Holzaepfel ______Byron Lorrier City: Sharon McDow FUFC Past Presidents Janice Niccolai Steve Graham...... (1990-1991) ______Kathryn Porter Ed Gilman...... (1991-1992) State: Zip: Gregory Ruckert Bill Reese...... (1992-1993) Sylviane Russo Andy Kittsley ...... (1993-1994) ______Deede Sharpe Jeffrey Siegel ...... (1994-1995) Jacqueline Skelton Norm Easey ...... (1995-1996) Telephone: (______)______John Springer John Tamsberg...... (1996-1998) Dennis Tobin Mike Conner ...... (1998-1999) Kimberly Vardeman Julie Iooss ...... (1999-2000) FAX: (______)______Mary Walsh Anna Dooley...... (2000-2001) Bob Wiley Howard Jeffries...... (2001-2002) E-mail: ______David Wing Mike Greenstein...... (2002-2003) Mike Robinson...... (2004-2005) Celeste White ...... (2006-2007) Amount Enclosed: ______Date: _____/_____/_____ STUDENT Earline Luhrman...... (2008-2009) John Holzaepfel...... (2010) Would you be interested in further information regarding Ricardo Brown-Salazar Jerry Renick...... (2011) serving on a Council subcommittee? n Yes n No

Mark Gazaleh Mary Lou Hildreth....(2012) Area of interest:

Elizabeth Harkey...... (2013) Ken Lacasse...... (2014) ______! Justin Freedman...... (2015) Clip and Mail Today! 19 FLORIDA URBAN FORESTRY COUNCIL NON-PROFIT ORG. Post Office Box 547993 U.S. POSTAGE Orlando, FL 32854-7993 - PAID - PERMIT #2717 ORLANDO, FLORIDA

For more information or change of address, please contact the FUFC: Phone: (407) 872-1738 Fax: (407) 872-6868 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.fufc.org Change Service Requested Address Update: q Please change my address as noted on the right. q I receive duplicates. Please delete my name at right. q Please remove my name from your mailing list.

2016 fufc executive committee members

OFFICERS: Linda Seufert COMMITTEE MEMBERS: President Elected Position Joe Anderson, Elected Position Mark Miller, Elected Position Member-at-Large Member-at-Large Member-at-Large City of St. Petersburg JEA City of Apopka • • Kathy Beck, Appointed Position Guy Murtonen, Appointed Position John Harris Advisory Member Florida Department of Transportation Vice President City of Tampa Florida’s Turnpike Enterprise Appointed Position • • Advisory Member Jody Buyas, Elected Position Jerry Renick, Appointed Position Earth Advisors, Inc. Member-at-Large Advisory Member Wantman Group, Inc. Keep Orlando Beautiful • John Foltz • Michael Schulte, Appointed Position Treasurer Cheryl Cook, Appointed Position ASLA / FL Chapter Appointed Position Florida League of Cities AECOM Advisory Member City of North Port • University of Florida • Anthony Santangelo, Elected Position (Retired) Jim Davis, Appointed Position Private Arborist Cooperative Extension Service Ocala Electric Utility Leah Hoffman Sumter County • Secretary • John Springer, Elected Position Appointed Position Steve Edgar Appointed Position Tree Advocacy Florida Recreation and Society of American Foresters Enchanted Walkabouts Park Association Long Leaf Forest Service, Inc. • Marion County • David Watford, Elected Position Elizabeth Harkey, Elected Position Utility Forester Justin Freedman City Arborist SECO Energy Immediate Past President City of Sanford • Appointed Position • Lou Shepherd, Liaison Advisory Member Julie Iooss, Appointed Position Florida Forest Service • E Sciences Inc. FL Chapter ISA Vacancy - FNGLA Representative City of Orlando • • Vacancy - Advisory Member Gayle Lafferty, Elected Position • Member-at-Large Sandy Temple City of Vero Beach FUFC Executive Director •