179 © the Author(S) 2019 Q. Wang Et Al., City Development And

Index

A B Administrative hierarchy, 69 Balanced scorecard, 26 Administrative structure, 154 Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, 135, 172 African, 39 Bilateral relations, 159 Agglomeration, 42 Building heritage, 36 Agglomeration economies, 24, 25, Business climate, 10 71, 92, 103, 121, 152, 157, 161 agglomeration effects, 25 C Agglomeration theory, 39, 169 Cambodia, 141, 158 spatial arrangement, 44 Capital accumulation, 19 spatial dimension, 44 Capital-driven growth, 12 Aggravated urban violence, 38 Capital of Brands, 64 Agricultural productivity, 152 Capital-orientation city development, Agricultural raw materials, 101 41 Alternative models, 9 Case study, 54, 55 Ancestral connections, 84, 156 collective, 55 ASEAN-China economic ties, 144 in-depth case study, 56 ASEAN Product Exhibition Area, emphatic, 55 109 empirical, 55 Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank, holistic, 55 141 instrumental, 55 Attraction-oriented development interpretive, 55 strategies, 32 intrinsic, 55 Axis structure, 111 Central Coastal Zone, 73

China-ASEAN economic integration, City development, 1, 8, 10, 11, 17, 41 135, 145 City downtown, 71 China-ASEAN expos, 174 City growth, 1, 8 China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement, City master plan, 2, 70 134 City-region development, 34 China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, 135, City-specific assets, 170 140, 158 Classical growth theory, 169 China-ASEAN International Logistics Collaboration theory, 22 Base, 158 Collective-owned enterprises, 101 China-ASEAN Investment Commodities wholesale market, 100 Cooperation Fund, 142 Commodity markets development, China Commodity City, 104 118 China Commodity Market, 60 Concentric circle pattern, 111 China Development Model, 7 Concentric circles, 71–73 China Dream, 7 Consumer recognition, 32 China Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Contemporary China, 2 Park, 141 Convention business, 106 China model, 153 Corruption, 147 China National Tourism Created in China, 82 Administration, 100 Cross-border e-commerce, 106, 120 China’s growth, 151 Cross-Strait Relations, 89 China’s Overseas Chinese Affairs Cultural dynamism, 44 Office, 90–91 Cultural identity, 85 China’s Silicon Valley, 4 Cultural Revolution, 101 China Taobao First Village, 105 Cultural values, 11 Chinese cities county-level city, 7, 60, 106, 157 mega-cities, 58 D prefectural cities, 34, 58, 60 Decentralization, 2, 30, 38 provincial-level city, 132 Degree of autonomy, 154 small cities, 58 Development zones, 132 Chinese enterprises, 4 Diaspora, 89 state-enterprises, 4 Diasporic connections, 156 Chinese migrant, 90 Diasporic population, 79 Chinese overseas, 64, 156 Documentary review, 56 Chinese private enterprises, 83 authenticity, 57 Chinese Quality, 82 credibility, 57 Chinese Speed, 82 eye witness accounts, 57 Cities of promise, 130, 139 meaning, 57 City branding, 32, 33 representativeness, 57 Beijing’s Olympic Games, 33 on-site witness documents, 57 city identity, 33 Doi moi, 131 INDEX 181

Double-edged sword, 120 Fixed asset investment, 81 Dry port, 115 Fixed assets, 6 Dynamic border region, 132 Fixed investment, 72, 105 Forbes, 85, 130 Foreign direct investment, 153 E Foreign enterprises, 152, 159 Eastern Europe, 7 Foreign exchange, 2 Eastern Jin Dynasty, 66 Foreign-invested energy, 134 Ecological degradation, 20 Foreign-invested enterprises, 83, 137, Ecological model, 38 154 E-commerce, 82, 105, 110, 120, 157 Foreign investment, 30 cross-border, 82, 106 Fragile cities, 38 Economic development, 8 France, 106 Economic Development Zones, 25, Free Trade Agreements, 151 111 Free-trade districts, 25 Economic integration, 134 Frontier cities, 129 Economic liberalization, 92 Fujian Province, 13, 60, 63, 83 Economic structure adjustment, 142 Functional urban clusters, 112 Economic structure reform, 152 Economic zone, 132 Education industry zone, 77 G Effective governance, 109 Genuine export-oriented economies, 2 Egypt’s Alexzander Port, 64 Global Association of the Exhibition Employment density, 24 Industry, 106 Employment opportunities, 24 Global brands, 82 Endogenous growth theory, 19 Global Financial Crisis, 130, 157 Entrepreneurial residents, 102–103 Global Fortune, 4 Entrepreneurial talent, 154 Global Hokkien Culture Festival, 89 Environmental preservation, 40 Globalization, 8, 30, 59, 108, 152, Environmental sustainability, 7, 37, 91 155, 160, 162 Environment degradation, 39 mainstream, 11 Experimental innovation center, 155 Goddess Matsu, 85 Export-orientated economy, 5 Governmental behavior, 56 Export-oriented based economy, 152 Government intervention, 12, 26 Export-oriented economy, 5, 71, 82 Government participation, 26 Export-oriented manufacturing cluster, Government–private entrepreneur 135 partnership, 100 Government support, 132 Growth-globalization narrative, 162 F Growth theory, 2 Farmland encroachment, 2 Guangxi Autonomous Region, 14, Financial reform, 63 59 182 INDEX

H Infrastructure, 8 Halal distribution centre, 109 Institutional capabilities, 92 Handicraft industry, 100 Institutional intervention, 26 Han Dynasty, 100, 129 Institutional management, 1, 8 Haphazard industrial land-use, 111 Institutional support, 11 Harrod-Domar exogenous growth International Commodity Fair, 100, model, 18 113 Headquarter city, 5 International freight enterprises, 106 Heavy metal pollution, 91 International Garden City, 64 Hierarchy of needs, 36 Internationalization, 9, 10, 12, 14, High-speed rail, 142 121, 152, 153, 156, 157 High-tech industries, 143 Internationalization narratives, 155 High-technology industries, 4 Internationalize, 26 Historical and cultural heritage, 169 International logistics, 110 Historical context, 9 International trade arbitration Historical legacy, 11, 41, 44, 169 commission office, 106 Hokkien, 85 International trade hub, 102 Hokkien business associations, 156 International trade reform, 100 Homogenous entities, 22 Iran, 38 Hong Kong, 75, 84, 154 Hospitality and retail sectors, 143 Hostile relationship, 32 K Hub-spoke spatial structure, 71–73 Kazakhstan, 145 Human capital, 144 Knowledge-based economy, 3, 25 Human welfare, 17 Knowledge-based urban development, 35 Knowledge-intensive industries, 134 I Imbalance, 10 Individually owned industries, 102 L Indonesia, 174 Labor division, 151 Industrial and economic zones, 132 Labor-intensive industries, 156 Industrial clustering, 107 Labor mobility costs, 132 Industrialization, 2, 101, 151 Land management, 1, 8 Industrial output, 143 Land-use Policy, 57 Industrial output value, 105 Land-use policy documents, 61 Industrial parks, 25, 70 Laos, 141 Industrial upgrading, 142 Law enforcement, 30 Industrial zones, 3 Liberalization, 1, 2, 121, 152, 161, Industry First, Urban Development 163 Later, 71 market, 79 Infrastructural support, 154 Liberalized migration, 2 INDEX 183

Liner Districts, 73 bid rent curve, 23 Literature review, 17, 39 distribution pattern, 23 Livelihood, 31 Multifunctional urban complex, 72 Local governments, 2, 3, 9 Multimodal transport network, 108 Local stakeholders, 7, 8, 39, 41 Multinational corporations, 152 Logistic industry, 118 Multi-nuclear structure, 112 Logistics enterprises, 143 Museum of World Religions, 64 Logistics hub, 5, 106 Myanmar, 141 Logistics industries hub, 75 Logistics system, 106, 108 Logistic zone, 135 N Low-tier city development, 9 Nanning Bonded Logistics Centre, 143 Nanning model, 145 M Nanning-Singapore Economic Macao, 84 Corridor, 136, 142 Made in China, 81 Nan Yang, 68 Malaysia, 141, 174 National Development Strategy, 140 Malthus model, 18 National Environmental Protection Manufacturing enterprises, 105 Model City, 100 Marco Polo, 64, 67 National Famous Overseas Chinese Maritime Silk Road, 82, 89, 172, 173 Hometown, 64 strategy, 142 National Garden City, 100 Maritime Silk Route, 64, 92, 156 National level reform, 100 Market dominator, 26 National Level Taiwanese Investment Marketization, 30 Zone, 85 Market-oriented small commodity National Sanitary City, 100 manufacturing industries, 101 National strategies, 10 Master Plan, 61 Neoclassical growth model, 19 Market principles, 19 neoclassical theory, 19 Merchandise exports, 106 Neoclassical growth theory, 169 Metropolis, 5 New Rural Construction Scheme, 114 Middle East, 39, 156 Ningbo Port, 108 Migration, 11 Normalization of relations, 134 Mineral trading center, 157 Ming Dynasty, 67, 84, 156 Ministry of Construction of China O Databases, 57 Oceanic economic cluster, 72 and news articles, 61 One Belt One Road, 3, 84 Ministry of Land and Resources of One Belt One Route, 108, 134, 160 China Database, 57, 61 One-stop service system, 106 Monocentric model, 23, 39 Online sales workers, 105 184 INDEX

Open-up reform, 2, 152 Q Deng Xiaoping, 2, 158 Qazvin, 38 Opium War, 5 Qin Dynasty, 100 Outlying towns, 78 Qing Dynasty, 67, 71, 132, 156 Qinshihuang, Emperor, 100 Qualitative analysis, 8 P Qualitative research, 40 Permanent resident foreign merchants, Quantitative analysis, 8, 167 158 Quantitative approach, 12 Petroleum industry cluster, 75 Quantitative research, 40 Petty trade, 103 Quanzhou Taiwanese Industrial Zone, Physical investment, 161 70 Pirate harassment, 156 Quanzhou Taiwanese Investment Platform governance, 103 Zone, 85 Polarized groups, 26 Policy privileges, 26 Population inflow, 31 R Port construction, 134 Railway transportation network, 134 Porter’s Diamond Model, 24 Reduce poverty, 134 Porter’s Five-Forces Framework, Regional economic cooperation zone, 107 140 Prefectural economic committees, Regional zones, 3 101 Residential area, 77 Pre-liberalization, 161 Resource allocation, 19 Primary industry, 79, 143 Resources reallocation, 19 Private economy, 82 Romanization, 130 Private enterprises, 107 Rural communities, 119 Private entrepreneurs, 121 Rural development, 72 Private initiative, 161 Rural economy, 110 Private investment, 105 Rural restructuring, 39 Privately owned enterprises, 26 Russia, 106 Private trading, 111 Provincial government support, 136, 158 S Public participants, 36 Sea-land container railways, 117 Public-private partnership, 21 Secondary industry, 6, 79 cooperate partners, 21 Security problems, 132 private participators, 21 Self-sufficiency capability, 20 public initiators, 21 Service-oriented urban economy, 7 public policies, 22 Service sector, 6 public-private social networks, 22 Shandong Province, 6–8 stakeholder collaboration, 22 Shandong Peninsular, 6 INDEX 185

Shanghai Overseas Chinese Affairs Stakeholders’ involvement, 27 Office, 91 Stakeholder theory, 21 Shenzhen model, 154, 169 interorganizational relationships, 21 Shopping tourism, 104, 157 intra-stakeholder conflicts, 21 Silk Road Economic Belt, 108 stakeholder consensus, 21 Silk Road Economic Belt City stakeholder principles, 21 International Forum, 109 stakeholders’ involvement, 21 Silk Road Petroleum Park, 156 State Council, 85 Silk Roads, 3 State-owned enterprise reform, 101 Slum areas, 39 State-owned enterprises, 26, 102 Small cities, 40 State-private joint enterprises, 101 Small commodities’ trade, 103, 157 State-supported infrastructure Small commodity markets, 110, 111 development, 11 Smith, Adam, 18 Statistical methodologies, 8 Social aggregation, 12 Statistical Yearbook, 57, 61, 83 Social behavior, 56 Structuralist perspective model, 19 Social capital and cohesion, 38 Structuralist theories, 39, 42, 169 Social insecurity, 38 Structural transformation, 19 Socialist modern history, 100 Subdistricts, 70 Socioeconomic characteristics, 41 Supply chain, 121 Socioeconomic clusters, 75 Sustainability, 17 Socioeconomic index, 3 Sustainability theory, 20, 42–44, 169 Socioeconomic structure, 39 Sustainable community, 36 Song Dynasty, 64, 67, 70, 155 Sustainable growth, 2 South China Sea, 89, 158 Sustainable urban development South China Sea dispute, 144 strategies, 28 Southeast Asia, 7, 11, 60, 75, 137, Suzhou Industrial Park, 7 140, 156, 159 Symbolic knowledge, 35 Southern Song period, 67 Spain, 106 Spatial agglomeration, 24 T Spatial aggregation, 12 Taiwan, 11, 66, 68, 83, 85, 159 Spatial arrangement, 1, 8, 33 Taiwanese, 60 Spatial configuration, 12 Taiwanese enterprises, 70 Spatial development, 36, 73 Taiwanese entrepreneurial Spatial layout, 9, 10, 70, 111, 137 involvement, 161 Spatial planning, 72, 73, 92, 109 Taiwanese Industrial Zone, 70 Spatial revolution, 112 Taiwanese Investment Zone, 83 Spatial structure, 33 Taiwan straits, 85 Spatial Territory Reorganization, 115 Tang Dynasty, 66, 70, 100 Special economic zones, 5, 25, 71, Tax incentives, 154 152, 159, 168 Technological enterprises, 6 186 INDEX

Technology Parks, 3 large-scale, 2 Technology transfer, 154 unprecedented, 2 Tertiary industry, 79, 143 Urbanized district, 70 Tertiary sector, 5, 111 Urban policies, 17 financial sector, 6 Urban regeneration, 36 financial services, 5, 110 Urban regimes, 22 Textile industrial cluster, 72 Urban-rural economic disparity, 77 Thailand, 141 Urban-rural integration, 1 Theoretical framework, 41 Urban spatial, 33 Three pillars theory, 36 Top-down development planning, 34 Tourism cluster, 25 V Tourism competitiveness, 25 Value-added industries, 81, 156 Township and village enterprises, 152 Value-added products, 105 Township enterprises, 72 Vietnam, 130–132, 134, 141, 144, Trade driving tourism, tourism 158, 171 promoting trade, 105 Vietnamese, 129, 131 Trade liberalization, 152 Vietnamese cultural traditions, 130 Trading chicken feathers for sugar, 103 Vietnamese kingdoms, 131 Trading sector, 6 Vietnamese troop, 131 Transnational corporation, 25 Vietnam War, 131 Transportation gateway, 158 Transportation hub, 112 Transportation networks, 72, 78, 117, W 135 The Wealth of Nations, 18 Thirty-Minute Transportation Wenzhou model, 102 Network, 77 West Bank Economic Zone, 63 Transport infrastructure, 102 Western Development Program, 135 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, 84 Wholesale petty commodity markets, 102 WTO, 151 U United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 64 X United States (US), 106, 131 Xian Qin dynastic period, 64 University cluster, 25 Xinjiang Autonomous Region, 7 University Towns, 3 Xuantian Heaven Emperor, 85 Urban agglomeration, 1 Urban development, 8, 10, 32, 35 system, 37 Y Urban expansion, 2 Yangzt Delta Area, 6 Urbanization, 2 Yiwu business model, 60 INDEX 187

Yiwu-Madrid freight train, 108 Z Yiwu model, 103, 106, 120, 121, Zaitun, 67 171 Zhejiang Province, 6, 8, 106 Yuan Dynasty, 67, 132, 155 Zhuang minority, 131