About Face: Revisiting Jamaica's First Exhibition in Europe
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“About Face: Revisiting Jamaica’s First Exhibition in Europe” Exhibit online, with video and more: http://dloc.com/exhibits/aboutface PDF version of online exhibit provided for use in ease in teaching. See the full online exhibit, with video and links to additional resources, in the Digital Library of the Caribbean (dLOC): http://dloc.com/exhibits/aboutface * Reproduction, including downloading of works is prohibited by copyright laws and international conventions without the express written permission of the artists. 9/9/2016 About Face: Revisiting Jamaica's First Exhibition in Europe HOME GALLERY CATALOGUE ARTISTS REVIEWS POP CULTURE CREDITS About Face revisits Jamaica's first exhibition to tour Europe after gaining independence in 1962. Use this site to view its images, review the original catalogue and understand the context of Face of Jamaica almost fifty years ago. Face of Jamaica The 196364 Exhibition About Face Face of Jamaica toured Europe for nine months between 1963 and 1964 and it was never viewed in Jamaica. Almost fifty years later, the exhibition About Face: Revisiting Jamaica's First Exhibition in Europe reconsiders that touring show by collating and representing its art and related materials online. Using this interactive format, we invite you to see much of the show as it was staged back then, to look at many of the original pieces displayed; to study its catalogue, and to consider its various locations as well as its reception through newspaper clippings and reviews. Text panels, photography and multimedia such as music and video are all to be employed to help reenvisage this exhibition. Rather than reconstructing the exhibition in its entirety, curators Petrine Archer and Claudia Hucke work with a selection of its objects to deconstruct the original display and consider Jamaican art's meaning in the context of the 1960s art world and contemporary scholarship. By restaging the exhibition for the 50th anniversary of Jamaica's independence online they provide access to an event only previously experienced in Europe. They hope that this online display can serve as a research tool for those interested in understanding how the visual arts supported new definitions of nation. The exhibition remains online for the year of Jamaica's 50th anniversary celebration, after which part of its materials will be archived in dLOC (Digital Library of the Caribbean). After centuries of colonial rule, Jamaica became independent from Britain on 6 August 1962. It was a time of great optimism. After centuries of colonial rule and decades of political tussles, Jamaicans were taking charge of their own governance. Princess Margaret paid a royal visit to support the celebrations and the national stadium was the scene of festivities with marching bands, parades and dancing. The sound of calypsonian Lord Creator's song Independent Jamaica played: in cars, homes and on street corners. His refrain, “I believe that if we try our best, it will be a great success, so let us live in unity for progress and prosperity,” seemed to reflect everyone's hope for the future. A year later, its first major international exhibition as a sovereign country toured Germany and Britain for ten months. Titled Face of Jamaica, the exhibition comprised works from a crosssection of Jamaica's artists that included the contemporary forms of Karl Parboosingh, Barrington Watson and Eugene Hyde; sculptures by pioneer Edna Manley and a young Christopher Gonzalez and the symbolic imagery of selftaught artists such as Mallica ‘Kapo’ Reynolds and John Dunkley. The choice of Germany and Britain for its tour was a strategic one signifying the promotion of Jamaica as a tourism destination with a varied and 'exotic' culture. The exhibition strengthened commercial ties and provided fresh insight into the island's physical beauty, cultural diversity and economic sustainability. The title Face of Jamaica allowed its organizers to test its motto 'Out Of Many, One People' and present its newly independent face to the world. The show was sponsored by the Flensburg based businessman Norbert LorckSchierning, managing director of H.H. Pott, at that time the sole distributor of Jamaican rums in Germany. He hoped to show the German public that there is more to Jamaica than rum and wanted to introduce them to “a true picture of Jamaica, as seen through Jamaican eyes...” http://dloc.com/exhibits/aboutface 1/3 9/9/2016 About Face: Revisiting Jamaica's First Exhibition in Europe Both the German and Jamaican governments endorsed the sponsor’s concept. For Jamaica, the exhibition presented an important and welcome opportunity to promote the newly independent country, and Germany was able to demonstrate its interest in and support of a developing country. Edward Seaga, then Jamaica’s Minister of Development and Welfare established a selection committee to oversee what might be included, while art critic Norman Rae suggested the art works should be grouped into three categories work, play and worship. In the end, Face of Jamaica consisted of 48 paintings, eighteen sculptures and twelve drawings from the 1930s to the 1960s by some of the country’s leading artists as well as 299 craftworks. Gerhard Fritz Hensel Portrait of Dr. Ellen Redlefsen, Seaga made clear: “Jamaica has for many years enjoyed 1974 trade ties with Germany, and a tour of Jamaican art and Image courtesy Museumsberg crafts at this stage will certainly assist in stimulating further Flensburg Städtische Museen interest as well as in presenting a more complete picture und Sammlungen für den of Jamaica to the people of Western Germany...” Landesteil Schleswig Exhibition Poster published in Flensburg Newspapers Face of Jamaica itinerary The show premiered at the Städtisches Museum in the northern town of Flensburg, where it opened on 4 August 1963. It then proceeded to Osnabrück (Ausstellungsraum Markt 1, 8–28 September 1963), Freiburg (Museum of Ethnography, 6–31 October 1963), Munich (Terrassensaal, Haus der Kunst, 6–24 November 1963), Düsseldorf (January/February 1964) and Frankfurt (Amerika Haus), where it closed on 13 February 1964. The following month the exhibition moved to Britain, where it opened at the Tea Centre in London on 31 March 1964. Ten days later it was sent to Birmingham before it was finally shown in Nottingham. A closer look at the choice of exhibition venues is significant to help us understand the status of Jamaican art among German cultural Flensburg Museum, c. 1958 authorities. H.H. Pott, the Image courtesy Museumsberg Flensburg Städtische Museen sponsor, is a company und Sammlungen für den Landesteil Schleswig based in Flensburg, a port town in Germany’s far north. The choice of that city as first location for Face of Jamaica was an obvious one. With the Städtisches Museum, the major local museum with a focus on the arts and crafts of the Watson Flirts with Miss World region, the most prestigious exhibition space in town became Face of Jamaica’s first host. Katarina Lodders, 1962 Even though it also included craft items, the show was mainly marketed as an art exhibition. Nevertheless, it was also offered to ethnographic museums, which traditionally have collected objects from the cultural contexts of non‘Western’ societies, in particular those that fuelled a curiosity for the foreign in the European viewer. In the end, Face of Jamaica was only shown at one ethnographic museum, the one in Freiburg. The venues in most cities other than Flensburg were communal or cultural centres – no art museums. Prominent exception was the Haus der Kunst in Munich, home of the Nazi’s notorious Great German Art exhibition, which offered its Terrassensaal to the Jamaican show. The continuation of the exhibition's tour at the Tea Centre in London also seemed Watson in Munich Talking, 1963 significant. This postwar building in the heart of the city on Regent Street was funded by various Commonwealth members with the aim of promoting their products. Its glass fronted façade and purposedesigned interior seemed ideal for signaling that the relationship between Britain and Jamaica was on a new more modern footing. The Tea Centre, Lower Regent Street, London Image from the University of Brighton Design Archives http://dloc.com/exhibits/aboutface 2/3 9/9/2016 About Face: Revisiting Jamaica's First Exhibition in Europe Haus der Kunst photo: Maximilian Geuter, courtesy Haus der Kunst The special guest of Face of Jamaica in Munich was the Jamaican beauty queen Carol Joan Crawford still in her reigning year as Miss World. Photographs of Watson meeting this stunning beauty queen at the airport in Munich, or viewing selftaught artists Kapo's work provided great fodder for society columns but they also tell us much about that postindependence moment and how Jamaica was poised to present itself to the outside world. Carol Joan Crawford as a world icon sent a message at home and abroad that Jamaica had style. Watson Greets Crawford on arrival in Germany, 1963 * Reproduction, including downloading of works is prohibited by copyright laws and international conventions without the express written permission of the artists. Home | About dLOC | Collections | Governance | Digitization | Outreach | FAQ | Contact Acceptable Use, Copyright, and Disclaimer Statement Powered by SobekCM © All rights reserved | Citing dLOC | Technical Help http://dloc.com/exhibits/aboutface 3/3 9/9/2016 About Face: Revisiting Jamaica's First Exhibition in Europe: Gallery HOME GALLERY CATALOGUE ARTISTS REVIEWS POP CULTURE CREDITS The About Face Gallery allows you to view the forty five images of works featured in the original Face of Jamaica exhibition that toured Germany and the UK between 1963 and 1964. Click on any image to see a larger view. Carl Abrahams Carl Abrahams Ralph Campbell The Last Supper, 1955 Portrait of a Girl The Old Settlement, pre1957 National Gallery of Jamaica National Gallery of Jamaica Image courtesy of the National Gallery of Jamaica Image courtesy of the National Gallery of Jamaica Leslie Clerk Leslie Clerk Alexander Cooper Henry Daley The Secret, 1959 The Bather, c.