FREEWILDLIFE OF EAST AFRICA EBOOK

Martin Withers,David Hosking | 256 pages | 11 Aug 2002 | Princeton University Press | 9780691007373 | English | New Jersey, United States Fauna of Africa - Wikipedia

The week before Christmas, Richard Leakey, the Kenyan paleoanthropologist and conservationist, celebrated his seventy-fifth birthday. He is lucky to have reached the milestone. A tall man with the burned and scarred skin that results from a Wildlife of East Africa lived outdoors, Leakey has survived two kidney Wildlife of East Africa, one liver transplant, and a devastating airplane crash that cost him both of his legs below the knee. For the past quarter century, he has moved around on prosthetic limbs concealed beneath his trousers. In his home town of Nairobi, Leakey keeps an office in an unlikely sort of place—the annex building of a suburban shopping mall. His desk and chair fill most of his cubicle, which has a window that looks onto a parking lot. The space has no adornments other than two framed photographs, each sharply symbolic of the parallel interests that have absorbed most of his adult life: the world of extinct prehistoric hominids and the contemporary natural environment that is being pushed toward extinction by humankind. In one of the photographs, Leakey is three decades younger, a trim man wearing a dark suit and standing amid a group of senior Kenyan Wildlife of East Africa, including then President Daniel arap Moi, who are gathered next to a pile of elephant tusks. It is a snapshot fromwhen, as the head of the Kenya Wildlife Service, Leakey oversaw the public burning of several tons of poached elephant ivory. At the end of the nineteen-seventies, there were an estimated quarter of a million elephants in Kenya, but, when the photograph was taken, only sixteen thousand were left. Leakey wanted to stigmatize the ivory trade by treating poached tusks in the same way that police treated cocaine seized from drug traffickers. His Wildlife of East Africa gambit worked, making global headlines and leading the way for an international ivory ban that went into effect that same year. Today, Kenya has a relatively stable population of about thirty-five thousand elephants. The other photograph shows a high ridgetop overlooking a sweeping valley. On the edge of the ridge, two contiguous white stone structures rise, daggerlike, into the enveloping sky. In the sixties, when Leakey was still in his twenties and following in the footsteps of his famous paleoanthropologist parents, Louis and Mary Leakey, he began directing expeditions in northern Kenya and later on made breakthrough discoveries of his Wildlife of East Africa, with previously unknown hominid species. Leakey became involved in Kenyan politics, including his early stint at the Kenya Wildlife Service, which ended with his plane crash which he believes was an assassination Wildlife of East Africa. He also founded an opposition political party, served in parliament, and was put in charge of the Kenyan civil service, where, as part of an anti-corruption drive, he ordered the dismissal of tens of thousands Wildlife of East Africa public employees. His zeal soon cost him his job, however, when President Wildlife of East Africa, who had hired him for the job, summarily fired Wildlife of East Africa. In a meeting we had one bright Nairobi morning a few months ago, Leakey lived up to his reputation for blunt outspokenness. During the past half century, many animal species have been devastated because of civil wars, unrestricted poaching, surging human population growth, and habitat encroachment. Even so, it has been the hope of many conservationists, and also concerned governments, that an international network of breeding zoos, national parks, Wildlife of East Africa private conservancies will ultimately save the most endangered species. I wanted to know why. Before our meeting, I had spent several weeks visiting wildlife reserves and Wildlife of East Africa conservancies in Kenya and Tanzania. The critically endangered black rhino population had stabilized and even increased slightly, thanks to protective security fences and armed guards. But the populations of lions, cheetahs, hyenas, giraffes, and other once abundant species had all plummeted in recent years because of shrinking habitats and the increasing use of industrial pesticides. Poaching was only part of a much larger problem of long-term sustainability—the result of an ever-expanding human population, chronic water shortages, and spreading desertification, triggered by prolonged drought and compounded by overgrazing from cattle herders. Michael Dyer, Richard Bonham, Tony Fitzjohn, and other conservationists I met acknowledged privately that, beyond their individual successes in helping to keep certain species alive thanks to a complex combination of efforts that included land-use arrangements with local communities, income from high-spending Western visitors, and international donation drivesthe future was highly uncertain. The next thirty to fifty years would be decisive. Kenya, but now [almost] all the ice is gone from Mt. What will the animals inside drink? They can smell water and can break out of the electrical fences, or they die. Leakey apologized for his bleak assessment. And I was sincere. And I am quite sure I gave enough attention to the fact that we were swimming against the current, and I even went into politics. For an instant, he looked despondent. Wildlife of East Africa, in the longer term, say, in a timescale of several hundred years, I can be very optimistic. Leakey became more enthusiastic when I asked him about his museum project, Ngaren. In the heartland of private philanthropy, the United States, where he had always been successful in fund-raising, he had been running into unexpected new challenges. Are you sure you want to imply that climate change is causing extinction? He shook his head. There are a number of European countries with heritage funds where I think I can raise quite a bit of money. Will be used in accordance with our Privacy Policy. The right-wing side blames the presence of sharks on liberal efforts to protect the seals they feed on; the left-wing side makes a vague claim that climate change is responsible. By Adam Gopni k. To bridge the divide between wolf-lovers and ranchers, the conservationist Karin Vardaman had to change many minds—including her own. By Ingfei Che n. The celebrated naturalist discusses the resilience of nature and what unites us all. The New Yorker Recommends What our staff is reading, watching, and listening to each week. Read More. Culture Desk. Wildlife – The East African Wildlife Society

The fauna of Africain its broader Wildlife of East Africa, is all the animals living in Wildlife of East Africa and its surrounding seas and Wildlife of East Africa. The more characteristic African fauna is found in the Afrotropical realm. Whereas the earliest traces of life in fossil record of Africa date back to the earliest times, [2] the formation of African fauna as we know it today, began with the splitting up of the Gondwana supercontinent in the mid- Mesozoic era. The isolation of Africa was broken intermittently by discontinuous "filter routes" that linked it to some other Gondwanan continents MadagascarSouth Americaand perhaps Indiabut Wildlife of East Africa to Laurasia. Interchanges with Gondwana were rare and mainly "out-of-Africa" dispersals, whereas interchanges with Laurasia were numerous and bidirectional, although mainly from Laurasia to Africa. Despite these connections, isolation resulted in remarkable absences, poor diversity, and emergence of endemic taxa in Africa. The first Neogene faunal interchange took place in the Middle Miocene the introduction of MyocricetodontinaeDemocricetodontinaeand Dendromurinae. During the early TertiaryAfrica was covered by a vast evergreen forest inhabited by an endemic forest fauna with many types common to southern Asia. In the Pliocene the climate became dry and most of the forest was destroyed, the forest animals taking refuge in the remaining forest islands. At the same time Wildlife of East Africa broad land-bridge connected Africa with Asia and there was a great invasion of animals of the steppe fauna into Africa. At the beginning of the Pleistocene a moist period set in and much of the forest was renewed while the grassland fauna was divided and isolated, as the forest fauna had previously been. The present forest fauna is therefore of double origin, partly descended of the endemic fauna and partly from steppe forms that adapted themselves to forest life, while the present savanna fauna is similarly explained. The isolation in past times has resulted in the presence of closely related subspecies in widely separated regions [8] [9] Africa, where humans originated, shows much less evidence of loss in the Pleistocene megafaunal extinction, perhaps because co-evolution of large animals Wildlife of East Africa early humans provided enough time for them to develop effective defenses. There are large gaps in human knowledge about African invertebrates. Wildlife of East Africa Africa has a rich coral fauna [12] with about known species. More than species of Echinoderms and species of Bryozoa live there too, [13] as well as one Cubozoan species Carybdea alata. Of Nematodesthe Onchocerca volvulusNecator americanusWuchereria bancrofti and Dracunculus medinensis are human parasites. Some of important plant-parasitic nematodes of crops include Wildlife of East AfricaPratylenchusHirschmanniellaRadopholusScutellonema and Helicotylenchus. Of marine snails, less diversity is present in Atlantic coast, more in tropical Western Indian Ocean region over species of gastropods with 81 endemic species. The land snail fauna is especially rich in Afromontane regions, and there are some endemic families in Africa e. AchatinidaeChlamydephoridae but other tropical families are common too CharopidaeStreptaxidaeCyclophoridaeSubulinidaeRhytididae. The African millipede Archispirostreptus gigas is one of the largest in the world. The soil animal communities tropical Africa are poorly known. A few Wildlife of East Africa studies have been undertaken on macrofauna, mainly in West Africa. The only endemic African insect order is Mantophasmatodea. About African species of dragonflies have been recorded. The migratory locust and desert locust have been serious threats to African economies and human welfare. Africa has the biggest number of termite genera of all continents, [31] and over 1, termite species. Of Dipterathe number of described African species is about 17, There live also 3, species of butterfliesbeing the best known group of insects. Among the numerous species of African beetles are the famous sacred scarabthe centaurus beetlethe manticora tiger beetle and enormous Goliath beetles. Hotspots for butterflies include the Congolian forests and the Guinean forest-savanna mosaic. Some butterflies Hamanumida daedalusPrecis Wildlife of East Africa, Eurema are grassland or savannah specialists. Many of these have very large populations and a vast range. North Africa is in the Palaearctic region and has a different species assemblage. Genera which are species rich in Africa include CharaxesAcraeaColotis and Papiliomost notably Papilio antimachus and Papilio zalmoxis. The tribe Liptenini is endemic to the Afrotropics and includes species rich genera such as Ornipholidotos Wildlife of East Africa, LiptenaraPentilaBaliochilaHypophytalaTeriomimaDeloneura and Mimacraea. Wildlife of East Africa Miletinae are mostly African, notably Lachnocnema. Other endemic lycaenids include the genus Alaena. Endemic Pieridae include Pseudopontia paradoxa and Mylothris. Endemic skippers include Sarangesa and Kedestes. The highest species diversity is in the Democratic Republic of the Congohome to 2, species of which are endemic. Africa is the richest continent of freshwater fish, with Wildlife of East Africa species. The central rivers fauna comprises fish species, with endemics and only 33 restricted to small areas. Almost all of the amphibians of Madagascar species [42] are endemic to that region. The center of chameleon diversity is Madagascar. Of the lizardsmany species of geckos day geckosAfroeduraAfrogeckoColopusPachydactylusHemidactylusNarudasiaParoeduraPristurusQuedenfeldtiaRhoptropusTropiocolotesUroplatusCordylidaeas well as Lacertidae NucrasLacertaMesalinaAcanthodactylusPedioplanisAgamasskinksplated lizards and some monitor lizards are common. There are 12 genera and 58 species of African amphisbaenians e. ChirindiaZygaspisMonopeltisDalophia. Several genera of tortoises KinixysPelusiosPsammobatesGeocheloneHomopusChersinaturtles PelomedusidaeCyclanorbisCyclodermaErymnochelysand species of crocodiles Wildlife of East Africa Nile crocodilethe West African crocodiletwo species of slender-snouted crocodileand species of dwarf crocodile are also present. There live temporarily or permanently more than bird species in Africa about of them passerines. The Afrotropic has various endemic bird families, including ostriches Struthionidaemesitessunbirds Wildlife of East Africa, secretary bird Sagittariidaeguineafowl Numididaeand mousebirds Wildlife of East Africa. Also, several families of passerines are limited to the Afrotropics. These include rock-jumpers Chaetopidaebushshrikes Malaconotidaewattle-eyesPlatysteiridae and rockfowl Picathartidae. Other common birds include parrots lovebirdsPoicephalusPsittacusvarious cranes crowned cranesblue cranewattled cranestorks marabousAbdim's storksaddle-billed storkherons slaty egretblack herongoliath heronshoebillbustards kori bustardNeotisEupodotisLissotissandgrouse PteroclesCoraciiformes bee-eatershornbillsCeratogymnaphasianids francolinsCongo peafowlblue quailharlequin quailstone partridgeMadagascar partridge. The woodpeckers and allies include honeyguidesAfrican barbetsAfrican Wildlife of East Africaground woodpeckerDendropicos and Campethera. The birds of prey include the buzzardsharriersOld World vulturesbateleurCircaetusMelierax and others. Trogons are represented by one genus Apaloderma. African penguin is the only penguin species. Madagascar Wildlife of East Africa once home to the now extinct elephant birds. Africa is home to numerous songbirds pipitsoriolesantpeckersbrubruscisticolasnegrofinchesolivebackspytiliasgreen- backed twinspotcrimson-wingsseedcrackersbluebillsfirefincheswaxbillsamandavasquailfinchesmuniasweaverstit- hyliaAmadinaAnthoscopusMirafraHypargosEremomelaEuschistospizaErythrocercusMalimbusPittaUraeginthuspied Wildlife of East Africawhite-necked raventhick-billed ravenCape crow and others. The red-billed quelea is the most abundant bird species in the world. More than mammal species live in Africa. The current mammalian phylogeny recognizes the clade Afrotheria often viewed as a superorderwhich includes the exclusively African Wildlife of East Africa, as well as others believed to be of African origin. African Eulipotyphla include the subfamilies Myosoricinae and Crocidurinae. Hedgehogs include desert hedgehogsAtelerix and others. The rodents are represented by African bush squirrelsAfrican ground squirrelsAfrican striped squirrelsgerbilscane ratsacacia ratsNesomyidaespringharemole ratsdassie ratsstriped grass micesun squirrelsthicket ratsOld World porcupinestarget ratsmaned ratsWildlife of East AfricaAethomysArvicanthisColomysDasymysDephomysEpixerusGrammomysGraphiurusHybomysHylomyscusMalacomysMastomysMusMylomysMyomyscusOenomysOtomysParotomysPelomysPraomys Wildlife of East Africa, RhabdomysStenocephalemys and many others. African rabbits and hares include riverine rabbitBunyoro rabbitCape harescrub hareEthiopian highland hareAfrican savanna Wildlife of East AfricaAbyssinian hare and several species of Pronolagus. Among the marine mammals there are several species of dolphins2 species of sirenians and seals e. Cape fur seals. Of the carnivorans there are 60 species, including the conspicuous hyenaslionsleopardscheetahs Wildlife of East Africa, servalas well as the less prominent bat-eared foxstriped polecatAfrican striped weaselcaracalhoney badgerspeckle-throated otterseveral mongoosesjackals and civets. The family Eupleridae is restricted to Madagascar. The African list of ungulates is longer than in any other continent. The largest number of modern bovids is found in Africa African buffaloduikersimpalarhebokReduncinaeoryxdik-dikklipspringeroribigerenuktrue gazelleshartebeestwildebeestdibatagelandTragelaphusHippotragusNeotragusRaphicerusDamaliscus. Other even-toed ungulates include giraffeshippopotamuseswarthogsgiant forest hogsred river hogs and bushpigs. Odd-toed ungulates are represented by three species of zebrasAfrican wild assblack and white rhinoceros. The biggest African mammal is the African bush elephantthe second largest being its smaller counterpart, the African forest elephant. Four species of pangolins can be found in Africa. African fauna contains 64 species of primates. Humans and their ancestors originated in Africa. Other primates include colobusesbaboonsgeladasvervet monkeysguenonsmacaquesmandrillscrested mangabeyswhite- eyelid mangabeyskipunjiAllen's swamp monkeysPatas monkeys and talapoins. Lemurs and aye-aye are characteristic of Madagascar. See also Lists of mammals of Africa. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from Wildlife of Africa. Crosskey, G. White, The Wildlife of East Africa Region. A Wildlife of East Africa term Wildlife of East Africa zoogeography, Journal of Natural History, Wildlife of East Africa. Westall et al. Gheerbrant, J. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Vol9 Nov. McCall, Implications of recent geological investigations of the Mozambique Channel for the mammalian colonization of Madagascar, Proc. Winkler, Neogene paleobiogeography and East African paleoenvironments: contributions from the Tugen Hills rodents and lagomorphs. Benammi et al. Arkiv for Zoologi, Band 21 A. Lovett, Geographical patterns of old and young species in African forest biota: the significance of specific montane areas as evolutionary centres. Pleistocene extinctions; the pivotal role of megaherbivores. Paleobiology; July ; v. Royal Soc. Wildlife Conservation Project | To the Ends of the Earth | Wildlife Photography

Wildlife of East Africa is a concise yet informative, visually breathtaking yet affordable East African safari book need look no further than this spectacular field guide. Author: Martin B. Wildlife of East Wildlife of East Africa takes us on an exquisite one-volume tour through the living splendor of the main national parks and game reserves of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Many of the species included—from pelicans to plovers, ostriches to elephants, from the daintiest of antelopes to cattlelike giants, from leopards to lions, baboons to gorillas, chameleons to crocodiles, acacias to aloes—also inhabit neighboring countries. The selection was based on the personal experiences of the authors, wildlife experts who have been leading safaris in the region for more than twenty years. Each species is illustrated with a photo and a detailed entry on the facing page; the text is commendably rich for such a compact guide. This information enables the particular animal or plant to be identified by such traits as size, plumage or pelage, color, and shape. An opening section on wildlife photography provides helpful tips on the best type of camera, film, and lenses to use, techniques, and codes of conduct. Wildlife of East Africa is a must for anyone considering a first-hand look at, or simply daydreaming of, the elegant, enormous, or exotic wildlife of East Africa. Those looking for a concise yet informative, visually breathtaking yet affordable field guide for an East African safari need look no further than this spectacular field guide. Wildlife of East Africa. Wildlife of East Africa quantity. Covers the main parks and reserves of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, plus surrounding countries common species of bird, mammal, snake, lizard, insect, tree, and flower—from ostriches to elephants, leopards to lions, baboons to gorillas, chameleons to crocodiles, acacias to aloes Wildlife of East Africa photographs and detailed entries describing each species Written and illustrated by wildlife experts who have been leading safaris in East Africa for more than 20 years Tips on wildlife photography, Wildlife of East Africa, and codes of conduct. Related products Sale! Wildlife of East Africa search.

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