Southern Planter
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: established 1840. THE SIxty-Thi-d Year. Southern Planter A MONTH L so i arc ™* -:-oL DEVOTED TO Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, r Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. OFFICE : 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHINQ COMPANY, Proprietors. J. P. JACKSON, Editor and Qeneral Manager. Vol. 63. OCTOBER, 1902. No. 10. CONTENTS. KARMIMANA6EMEXT MakingJHog Meat in the South 582 Editorial—Work for the Month 561 Editorial—Dorset Sheep 583 Lime as an Improver of Land 563 The Angora Goat—Experience of the Maine Agri- Hay Production 565 cultural Experiment Station 583 " Mixed Crops of Corn and Cow-Peas 566 Stomach Worms in Sheep 588 Japan Clover 566 Value of a Pedigree 584 Principles of Soil Management—Manuring 567 Editorial—Sale of Shorthorns and Polled Angus Clover Without Manure a Failure 569 Cattle at Radford, Va ,, 584 How to Study Plant-Food 570 Editorial—Pictures of Live Stock 584 Curing Pea-Vine Hay—An Answer to Enquiries. 571 THE POULTRY YARD: How to Circumvent the Hessian Fly 571 Cost of Egg Production 585 Ten-Year Comparison of Varieties of Wheat.... 571 A Skim Milk for Poultry 587 Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 593) 572 Old-Fashioned Methods 587 Selection of Seed Corn in Field 575 THE HORSE: The Top Bushels 575 Eligibility for Registration 588 TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD : Notes 588 Editorial—Work for the Month 576 Editorial—Saddle Horses for Sale 588 Storing Sweet Potatoes 576 MISCELLANEOUS : Annual Meeting of the Virginia State Horticultu- The Farmer and Education ral Society 577 589 Pulling Strawberry Culture— Fall Planting 577 and Topping Corn versus Cutting by Hand or Machine Bitter Rot of Apples 578 590 Malarial Fire Blight of Pears 579 Woods and Diseases 590 Keeping Vegetables and Fruits in Lime 579 Meeting of the Mutual Farmer's Club of Friderick Co., Va 591 LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY : Publisher's Notes Editorial—The Razor-Back Hog 580 , 593 advertisements Save and Feed the' Corn Fodder 580 593 j*- SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.- THE BUCHER & GIBBS PLOW CO., the^ntheworcd te MANUFACTURE A FULL LINE OF Sul PLOWS in all sizes; SPIKE-TOOTH, SPRING- ,°N. OHIO. '> TOOTH and DISC HARROWS; ONE-HORSE CULTIVATORS, and LAND ROLLERS. This popular Plow is made strong and durable. Gives satisfaction to the farmer. Our full line of goods for sale by Catalogue Free. General Agents, 1302-1304 E. Main St., RICHMOND, VA. FOR THE Wheat and Grass Crops STAR BRAND" GUANO, McGavock Mixture, Acid Phosphate, Or DISSOLVED S. C. BONE, Etc. ALLISON & ADDISON, nSLSfSsLc... Richmond, Vav ._ MANUFACTURERS. The Southern Planter. DEVOTED TO PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON. Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY. 63d Year. Richmond, October, 1902. No. 10. Farm Management. WORK FOR THE MONTH. several million bushels in excess of that of last year, The month of September, like the month of August, but harvest conditions have been very unfavorable in has not been one of the most propitious for the ma- England and Europe generally, so that there will like- turing of the crops. It has been too oool, indeed so ly be much of the crops of these countries not fit for cool that frost has been felt before the middle of the flour. This will no doubt have some effect in keeping month in several places in this State, whilst in the the price from falling to what it otherwise might have "West and Northwest injury from that cause to the done. The oat crop promises to be a large one, though crops has been severe in many sections. In Eastern there will be much damaged grain from unfavorable and Middle Virginia and North and South Carolina, harvest weather in the North and Northwest. Both there has been sufficient rainfall to keep the land corn and long feed promise to be short in the States moist, but not overwet, and had the temperature been south of Virginia, and there will likely be a brisk de- higher, growth and maturity would have been rapid. mand for these products from those States all through In the Valley and Southwest Virginia, and in West the winter. The indications are that the cotton crop ern North Carolina, the drouthy conditions, which will be much smaller than appeared at one time prob- have been the peculiar feature of the summer—a con- able. The weather of August and September has been dition most unusual in those sections—have continued most unfavorable for the crop, and the condition of and crops are cut short and pastures bare. Corn in the crop at this writing, 20th September, is a very low all those sections is going to be in short supply during one. We doubt much whether the yield will be as the winter, and feed of all kind will have to be fed large as that of last year. With small stocks, aud a with a careful hand to make it last out until spring. greater demand, this should make the price of cotton The general corn crop of the country still promises to harden, and we would urge cautious selling. It will, be the greatest ever grown, probably in excess of in our opinion, pay growers to hold a considerable 2,600,000,000 bushels, so that there will be an abund- part of the crop as long as possible. The tobacco crop ance to be had for money, but we do not expect the in this State is turning out much better than at one price to be low, as the empty corn bins of the West time seemed probable. The showery weather has and Northwest will take millions of bushels to fill them, helped the late set plants very much, and if frost and farmers there have had a lesson which will im- holds off for ten days longer much of the crop which, press itself and cause them to hold a supply sufficient in July, looked likely to make nothing will be a good to carry them over a year of deficient yield in the fu- marketable product. The indications for frost should ture. The wheat crop of the world is estimated at be carefully watched, and cutting not be too long de- 562 THB SOUTHERN PLANTER. [ October layed. The markets are opening with a strong de ers can be had from Western implement dealers, but mand for almost all kinds of tobacco, and primings we have not seen them advertised in the East. We are selling for prices which, a few years ago, would have used the English form of roller, and can speak have represented the value of nearly the best of the favorably of it. In its absence, the corrugated iron crop. There is every indication that good well-cured roller advertised in our columns by a Charlottesville tobacco is likely to sell well. Let care be taken to firm, which is practically the same as the roller known cure the crop to meet market requirements. In our in England as a Cambridge roller, can be usefully sub- last issue will be found advice on this subject from the stituted. It has a corrugated surface the whole width proprietors of one of the largest warehouses in this of the roller, and will pack the soil well ; after city. Peanuts and sweet potatoes have improved which, the surface should be finely harrowed. Wheat much during the past two months, and the crop will never grows well with a loose subsoil. Do not seed be an average one. The second crop of Irish potatoes until after we have had a sharp frost or two to kill promises to be one of the best ever grown. The moist the flies. In some sections these have been trouble- showery weather of August gave it a good start, and some again this year, and in these places wheat should now all that is needed is the absence of frost until it not be sown until after the flies have been trapped on is sufficiently matured to dig. The demand for this a strip of wheat seeded early and then plowed down, crop for seed is always good. thus destroying the eggs and pupa. The plowing and fitting of the land for the wheat The sowing of Crimson clover, Sand vetch and Eng- and winter oat crops should be pushed forward as fast lish vetch, should be continued as advised in our last as possible. In our last two issues we wrote fully on month's issue. Although it is now getting late to this subject, and refer readers to what we then said. seed Crimson clover, yet if the fall is an open one, it Both crops should be sown as soon as the land can be may yet make a good stand if seeded before the mid- got into good condition, but the importance of a fine, dle of the month. Sow with a mixture of wheat and well prepared seed bed is so great in the influence oats or rye, or all three grains, 10 lbs. of Crimson upon the yield, that it is better to seed a little late clover and a bushel of the mixed grain per acre. rather than to seed on a poorly-prepared bed. Fine Vetches may be seeded all the month, and English preparation of the soil is of greater influence than a vetch into November. Sow these also with the mixed heavy dressing of manure or fertilizer. It should grain, but do not sow more than three-fourths of a always be borne in mind that all the cultivation that bushel of grain per acre with 25 or 30 lbs.