Coal Mine Methane: a Review of Capture and Utilization Practices with Benefits to Mining Safety and to Greenhouse Gas Reduction
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The Hydrology of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs and the Interplay of Gas, Water, and Coal in CBM Production
University of Colorado Law School Colorado Law Scholarly Commons Coalbed Methane Development in the Intermountain West (April 4-5) 2002 4-4-2002 The Hydrology of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs and the Interplay of Gas, Water, and Coal in CBM Production Leslie Nogaret Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/coalbed-methane-development- intermountain-west Part of the Geotechnical Engineering Commons, Hydraulic Engineering Commons, Hydrology Commons, Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, Science and Technology Law Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Citation Information Nogaret, Leslie, "The Hydrology of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs and the Interplay of Gas, Water, and Coal in CBM Production" (2002). Coalbed Methane Development in the Intermountain West (April 4-5). https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/coalbed-methane-development-intermountain-west/9 Reproduced with permission of the Getches-Wilkinson Center for Natural Resources, Energy, and the Environment (formerly the Natural Resources Law Center) at the University of Colorado Law School. Leslie Nogaret, The Hydrology of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs and the Interplay of Gas, Water, and Coal in CBM Production, in COALBED METHANE DEVELOPMENT IN THE INTERMOUNTAIN WEST (Natural Res. Law Ctr., Univ. of Colo. Sch. of Law 2002). Reproduced with permission of the Getches-Wilkinson Center for Natural Resources, Energy, and the Environment (formerly the Natural Resources Law Center) at the University of Colorado Law School. References Lyons, W.S., 2002, Seismic Assists Geologic Interpretation and Development Program in the Ferron Bowles, J., 2001, Phillips’ CBM Outlook, A.G. Edwards, Coalbed Methane Play, presentation to the Rocky March 14, 2001, Coal Bed Methane Energy Mountain Section of SEPM, February 26, 2002. -
The Strip Mining Handbook
1 FOREWORD 2 by 3 U.S. Rep. Morris K. Udall, Chairman 4 House Interior and Insular Affairs Committee 5 January, 1990 6 Congressman Morris (“Mo”) Udall, tireless champion of the federal strip mining laws, passed away on December 12, 1998. This foreword, which first appeared in the 1980 edition of this book, is included in its entirety as a tribute to Mo and to his extraordinary efforts to protect the public and the environment from the ravages of strip mining. 7 8 9 In the 1960's and early 1970's coal strip mining quickly overwhelmed underground mining as the 10 dominant mining method. But the new mining methods brought ravaged hillsides and polluted streams 11 to the once-beautiful landscape. State governments proved ill-equipped to prevent the severe 12 environmental degradation that this new mining method left in its wake. From our rivers, forests and 13 Appalachian Mountains in the East, to our prime farmlands of the Midwest, to our prairies and deserts of the 14 great West, stories abound during this time of reckless coal operators devastating landscapes, polluting 15 the water, destroying family homes, churches and cemeteries, and threatening fragile ecosystems. Perhaps 16 the most tragic case of abuse came on February 26th, 1972, at Buffalo Creek in Logan County, West Virginia, 17 when a crudely constructed coal waste dam collapsed causing a flood that killed 125 people, left scores of 18 others homeless, and caused millions of dollars in property damage. Something had to be done. 19 I was proud to stand in the White House Rose Garden on August 3rd, 1977, to witness the President sign 20 into law a bill that I sponsored — the federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA). -
Assessment of Contaminants Associated with Coal Bed Methane
Contaminant Report Number: R6/721C/05 U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE REGION 6 CONTAMINANTS PROGRAM Assessment of Contaminants Associated with Coal Bed Methane-Produced Water and Its Suitability for Wetland Creation or Enhancement Projects USFWS - Region 6 - EC Report - R6/721C/05 ABSTRACT Extraction of methane gas from coal seams has become a significant energy source in the Powder River Basin of northeastern Wyoming. In Wyoming, coalbed methane (CBM) gas is extracted by drilling wells into coal seams and removing water to release the gas. Each CBM well produces an average of 10 gallons per minute (gpm) of water and a maximum of 100 gpm. Disposal of CBM produced water is accomplished by direct discharge to surface drainages, and also by a variety of other treatment and disposal methods. Untreated CBM produced water discharged to surface drainages is the primary method of disposal provided that the CBM produced water meets Wyoming water quality standards. Water failing to meet water quality standards cannot legally be discharged into surface drainages and is alternately discharged into closed containment ponds for soil-ground water infiltration and evaporation. In 2000 and 2001, we collected and analyzed water from CBM discharges and receiving waters and sediment and biota from CBM produced water impoundments. In 2002, we collected and analyzed water from CBM closed containment impoundments. All the samples were analyzed for trace elements. The biota included pondweed (Potamogeton vaginatus), aquatic invertebrates, fish, and tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum). One CBM produced water discharge exceeded the chronic criterion for iron and several CBM produced water discharges exceeded the acute criterion for copper. -
Masterarbeit
MASTERARBEIT Titel der Masterarbeit Late Cretaceous Volcaniclastic Rocks in the Pontides (NW Turkey) verfasst von Katharina Böhm BSc angestrebter akademischer Grad Master of Science (M.Sc.) Wien, 2015 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 066 815 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Erdwissenschaften Betreuerin / Betreuer: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Michael Wagreich Declaration ”I hereby declare that this master’s thesis was authored by myself independently, without use of other sources than indicated. I have explicitly cited all material which has been quoted either literally or by content from the used sources. Further this work was neither submitted in Austria nor abroad for any degree or examination.” Contents Declaration2 1. Introduction8 1.1. Project.................................. 9 1.1.1. Goals............................... 9 1.2. Geographical setting.......................... 10 1.3. Geological setting............................ 12 1.3.1. The Pontides........................... 14 1.3.2. The Pontides in the Cretaceous................ 18 1.3.3. Correlation with relative ages.................. 24 2. Nomenclature 28 3. Methods 29 3.1. ICP-ES and ICP-MS........................... 29 3.2. PXRD.................................. 29 3.3. Heavy mineral extraction........................ 30 4. Results 31 4.1. Mineralogy................................ 31 4.1.1. Powder X-Ray diffraction.................... 31 4.1.2. Thin sections.......................... 33 4.1.3. Mineral Extraction: Dating of minerals............. 34 4.2. Geochemistry.............................. 36 5. Interpretation of the geochemical results 37 5.1. Mobility of elements........................... 37 5.2. Alteration of minerals.......................... 39 5.3. Determining the rock type........................ 41 3 5.4. Discriminating volcanic series..................... 48 5.5. Revealing the tectonic setting...................... 52 5.6. Plotting geochemical element patterns................. 60 5.7. Summary of the geochemical classification.............. 62 6. -
T U R G a Y E R T E K I N, B.Sc, M.Sc., Ph.D
T U R G A Y E R T E K I N, B.Sc, M.Sc., Ph.D. ● P E N N S T A T E U N I V E R S I T Y ● U N I V E R S I T Y P A R K , P A 1 6 8 7 0 ● ● (8 14 ) 8 6 5 - 6 0 8 2 ● Professor Emeritus Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering E DUC A T I ON Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, B.Sc., 1969, Petroleum Engineering Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, M.Sc., 1971, Petroleum Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA, Ph.D., 1978, Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering A C A D E M IC A N D A D M INIST R A T IVE P O S ITION S July 2017 to present Professor Emeritus of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering The Pennsylvania State University July 2013 to July 2017 Head, John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, the George E. Trimble Chair in Earth and Mineral Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University May 2013 to May 2014 Co-Director, Institute of Natural Gas Research (INGaR), Pennsylvania State University July 2001 to Present Professor of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering and George E. Trimble Chair in Earth and Mineral Sciences, Pennsylvania State University July 1998 to June 2001 Associate Head, Department of Energy and Geo-Environmental Engineering July 1987 to Present Professor of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Pennsylvania State University July 1984 to January 2015 Chairman of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Pennsylvania State University July 1983 to July 1984 Associate Professor of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Pennsylvania State University -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,505,620 B2 Zupanick (45) Date of Patent: *Aug
US00850562OB2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,505,620 B2 Zupanick (45) Date of Patent: *Aug. 13, 2013 (54) METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ACCESSING (58) Field of Classification Search SUBTERRANEAN DEPOSTS FROM THE USPC .............................................. 166/50, 52, 245 SURFACE AND TOOLS THEREFOR See application file for complete search history. (75) Inventor: Joseph A. Zupanick, Beckley, WV (US) (56) References Cited (73) Assignee: Vitruvian Exploration, LLC, Houston, U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS TX (US) 54,144 A 4, 1866 Hamar 274,740 A 3/1883 Douglass (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (Continued) patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS AU 85,49964 A 11, 1986 This patent is Subject to a terminal dis CA 2210866 1, 1998 claimer. (Continued) (21) Appl. No.: 11/982,249 OTHER PUBLICATIONS (22) Filed: Oct. 31, 2007 McCray, Arthur, et al., “Oil Well Drilling Technology.” University of Oklahoma Press, 1959, Title Page, Copyright Page and pp. 315-319 (65) Prior Publication Data (7 pages). US 2008/OO60806A1 Mar. 13, 2008 (Continued) Primary Examiner — John Kreck Related U.S. Application Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Fish & Richardson P.C. (60) Continuation of application No. 10/630,345, filed on Jul. 29, 2003, which is a continuation-in-part of (57) ABSTRACT According to one embodiment, a system for accessing a Sub (Continued) terranean Zone from the surface includes a well bore extend ing from the Surface to the Subterranean Zone, and a well bore (51) Int. C. pattern connected to the junction and operable to drain fluid E2IB 43/00 (2006.01) from a region of the Subterranean Zone to the junction. -
Effects of Longwall Mining Subsidence on Ground Water
EFFECTS OF LONGW ALL MINING SUBSIDENCE ON GROUND WATER LEVELS WITHIN A WATERSHED HYDRAULICALLY ISOLATED FROM MINE DRAINAGE' Bogdan Staszewski2 Abstract: Surface and ground water resources are effectively preserved from depletion by underground mine drainage if impervious deposits of sufficient thickness and extent that underlie the aquifer avoid fracturing and undergo only plastic deformation resulted from the strata flexure. This does not mean, however, that these waters are not subjected to the effects of mining disturbance. Differential vertical settlement of the mine overburden and the ground surface can significantly affect flow pattern and water retention within a watershed area. This is evident, for example, in the areas of multi seam coal mining where the longwall method is used. The effects of this type of mining on water level were tested in a selected watershed where shallow water bearing deposits were entirely isolated from underground mine pumpage. Results of more than 7 years of field investigations were compared with data collected from other coal mining areas of various hydrogeological conditions. The study revealed a variety of water table responses on the postmining subsidence. Basically, changes of water table height in a given site above the point located at the top of aquifer base depend mainly on alteration of that point position against the local drainage base in the hierarchic structure of flow system. The relationship between the magnitude of ground subsidence and water level decline varies within the area of the subsidence trough, within the watershed, and among various watersheds of different hydrogeologic conditions. Except for the situation of hydrostatic flow conditions, lowering of water table elevation in response to the settlement of aquifer base was observed. -
CLIMATE ACTION PLAN Websites
CLIMATE ACTION PLAN Websites Climate action cuts across all sectors of our economy and is being addressed in multiple ways. Information on government actions related to climate action are also found in the following: h LiveSmart BC http://www.livesmartbc.ca/ h The BC Energy Plan: A Vision for Clean Energy Leadership http://www.energyplan.gov.bc.ca/ h The BC Bioenergy Strategy http://www.energyplan.gov.bc.ca/bioenergy/ h The Agriculture Plan: Growing a Healthy Future for BC Farmers http://www.al.gov.bc.ca/Agriculture_Plan/ h The Mountain Pine Beetle Action Plan http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfp/mountain_pine_beetle/ h Living Water Smart: British Columbia's Water Plan http://www.livingwatersmart.ca./ h The BC Air Action Plan http://www.bcairsmart.ca/ h The BC Transit Plan http://www.th.gov.bc.ca/Transit_Plan/index.html h Energy Efficient Building Strategy http://www.energyplan.gov.bc.ca/efficiency/ h BC Green Building Code http://www.housing.gov.bc.ca/building/green/ h Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions http://www.pics.uvic.ca/ h Towns for Tomorrow http://www.townsfortomorrow.gov.bc.ca/ h Climate Action Secretariat http://www.climateactionsecretariat.gov.bc.ca/ BRITISH COLUMBIA’S Contents Message from the B.C. Government 1 Highlights 2 The Challenge 6 The Opportunity 10 The B.C. Climate Action Plan – Phase One 12 Section One: Setting the Course 13 Section Two: Acting in Every Sector 25 Acting in Every Sector: Transportation 26 Acting in Every Sector: Buildings 36 Acting in Every Sector: Waste 41 Acting in Every Sector: Agriculture 43 Acting -
Chapter L—Coal-Bed Methane Gas-In-Place Resource Estimates
Chapter L National Coal Resource Coal-Bed Methane Gas-In-Place Resource Assessment Estimates Using Sorption Isotherms and Burial History Reconstruction: An Example from the Ferron Sandstone Member Click here to return to Disc 1 Volume Table of Contents of the Mancos Shale, Utah By Todd A. Dallegge1 and Charles E. Barker1 Chapter L of Geologic Assessment of Coal in the Colorado Plateau: Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah Edited by M.A. Kirschbaum, L.N.R. Roberts, and L.R.H. Biewick U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1625–B* 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado 80225 * This report, although in the USGS Professional Paper series, is available only on CD-ROM and is not available separately U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................................................... L1 What Is Coal-Bed Methane? ...................................................................................................................... 2 Importance of Coal-Bed Methane Production ........................................................................................ 2 How Much Coal-Bed Methane is Available?........................................................................................... 3 How Do Coal Beds Generate and Store Methane? ................................................................................ 4 Details About Coal Cleat.................................................................................................................... -
Coal Mine Methane Recovery: a Primer
Coal Mine Methane Recovery: A Primer U.S. Environmental Protection Agency July 2019 EPA-430-R-09-013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was originally prepared under Task Orders No. 13 and 18 of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Contract EP-W-05-067 by Advanced Resources, Arlington, USA and updated under Contract EP-BPA-18-0010. This report is a technical document meant for information dissemination and is a compilation and update of five reports previously written for the USEPA. DISCLAIMER This report was prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). USEPA does not: (a) make any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of any apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not infringe upon privately owned rights; (b) assume any liability with respect to the use of, or damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report; or (c) imply endorsement of any technology supplier, product, or process mentioned in this report. ABSTRACT This Coal Mine Methane (CMM) Recovery Primer is an update of the 2009 CMM Primer, which reviewed the major methods of CMM recovery from gassy mines. [USEPA 1999b, 2000, 2001a,b,c] The intended audiences for this Primer are potential investors in CMM projects and project developers seeking an overview of the basic technical details of CMM drainage methods and projects. The report reviews the main pre-mining and post-mining CMM drainage methods with associated costs, water disposal options and in-mine and surface gas collection systems. -
Underground Mining Methods and Equipment - S
CIVIL ENGINEERING – Vol. II - Underground Mining Methods and Equipment - S. Okubo and J. Yamatomi UNDERGROUND MINING METHODS AND EQUIPMENT S. Okubo and J. Yamatomi University of Tokyo, Japan Keywords: Mining method, underground mining, room-and-pillar mining, sublevel stoping, cut-and-fill, longwall mining, sublevel caving, block caving, backfill, support, ventilation, mining machinery, excavation, cutting, drilling, loading, hauling Contents 1. Underground Mining Methods 1.1. Classification of Underground Mining Methods 1.2. Underground Operations in General 1.3. Room-and-pillar Mining 1.4. Sublevel Stoping 1.5. Cut-and-fill Stoping 1.6. Longwall Mining 1.7. Sublevel Caving 1.8. Block Caving 2. Underground Mining Machinery Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary The first section gives an overview of underground mining methods and practices as used commonly in underground mines, including classification of underground mining methods and brief explanations of the techniques of room-and-pillar mining, sublevel stoping, cut-and-fill, longwall mining, sublevel caving, and block caving. The second section describes underground mining equipment, with particular focus on excavation machinery such as boomheaders, coal cutters, continuous miners and shearers. 1. UndergroundUNESCO Mining Methods – EOLSS 1.1. Classification of Underground Mining Methods Mineral productionSAMPLE in which all extracting operations CHAPTERS are conducted beneath the ground surface is termed underground mining. Underground mining methods are usually employed when the depth of the deposit and/or the waste to ore ratio (stripping ratio) are too great to commence a surface operation. Once the economic feasibility has been verified, the most appropriate mining methods must be selected according to the natural/geological conditions and spatial/geometric characteristics of mineral deposits. -
Methane Hydrate Stability and Anthropogenic Climate Change
Biogeosciences, 4, 521–544, 2007 www.biogeosciences.net/4/521/2007/ Biogeosciences © Author(s) 2007. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Methane hydrate stability and anthropogenic climate change D. Archer University of Chicago, Department of the Geophysical Sciences, USA Received: 20 March 2007 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 3 April 2007 Revised: 14 June 2007 – Accepted: 19 July 2007 – Published: 25 July 2007 Abstract. Methane frozen into hydrate makes up a large 1 Methane in the carbon cycle reservoir of potentially volatile carbon below the sea floor and associated with permafrost soils. This reservoir intu- 1.1 Sources of methane itively seems precarious, because hydrate ice floats in water, and melts at Earth surface conditions. The hydrate reservoir 1.1.1 Juvenile methane is so large that if 10% of the methane were released to the at- Methane, CH , is the most chemically reduced form of car- mosphere within a few years, it would have an impact on the 4 bon. In the atmosphere and in parts of the biosphere con- Earth’s radiation budget equivalent to a factor of 10 increase trolled by the atmosphere, oxidized forms of carbon, such as in atmospheric CO . 2 CO , the carbonate ions in seawater, and CaCO , are most Hydrates are releasing methane to the atmosphere today in 2 3 stable. Methane is therefore a transient species in our at- response to anthropogenic warming, for example along the mosphere; its concentration must be maintained by ongoing Arctic coastline of Siberia. However most of the hydrates release. One source of methane to the atmosphere is the re- are located at depths in soils and ocean sediments where an- duced interior of the Earth, via volcanic gases and hydrother- thropogenic warming and any possible methane release will mal vents.