Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc.. I I c. a fratarnal non-profit association| rainian Ш V Vol. LV No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 25 cents Hundreds mourn Grigorenko at services Survivors' memories appear unreliable in New York, South Bound Brook in Demjanjuk triars third week by Marta Kolomayets rights groups in the West, including Special to Svoboda and The Weekly press, "1 am full of admiration for the and Roma Hadzewycz representatives of the Wor1d Congress JERUSALEM - The unreliability witness 1 heard. 1 don't know where he NEW YORK/SOUTH BOUND of Free Ukrainians Human Rights of Treblinka survivors' memories was derives the strength to be able to discuss BROOK, N.J. - Gen. Petro Hryho- Commission, Smoloskyp, Americans repeatedly underlined by the defense the most minute details of the horrors of rovych Grigorenko, a decorated vete­ for Human Rights in Ukraine,.the team of John Demjanjuk, the former that camp." ran of the Red Army who met his Ukrainian Human Rights Committee Cleveland autoworker suspected of Mr. O'Connor continued to question greatest challenge as a defender of of Philadelphia, and the now-defunct being "Ivan the Terrible," during the Mr. Rosenberg about physical details of human and national rights, was laid to Committee for the Defense of Soviet trial's third week as prosecution wit­ Treblinka and about when he first rest at St. Andrew's Ukrainian Ortho­ Political Prisoners. nesses were cross-examined. arrived at the camp. Mr. Rosenberg dox Cemetery in South Bound Brook, A notable presence was that of During the court sessions (March 2- could not say exactly when he had N.J., on Saturday, February 28. Ukrainian veterans groups, ranging 5), two Treblinka survivors and a arrived. He now says this was before the Memorial services were held at the from former soldiers of the 1st Division member of the Israeli Police's National Jewish New Year (mid-September) of Jarema Funeral Home in Manhattan's of the Ukrainian National Army and Unit for Criminal Investigation testified 1942, although he had told investigators East Village, and a funeral liturgy was the Ukrainian Insurgent Army to U- for the prosecution. in February 1961 that he arrived there offered at St. Volodimir's Ukrainian krainian American Veterans and Ca­ on August 20, and at the Israeli trial of Orthodox Cathedral on West 82nd tholic War Veterans. Cross-examination of Eliyahu Ro­ Adolf Eichmann the date he cited was Street. It was the veterans who, at the request senberg continued on Monday, March June 11. Mr. Epstein gave various dates Hundreds attended services for the of Gen. Grigorenko's son, Andrew, 2, as Defense Attorney Mark O'Con­ for his arrival in testimony in 1976, repose of Gen. Grigorenko's sou1. acted as pallbearers. The coffin was nor attempted to point out even more 1978, 1983 and 1984. Among them were Ukrainians, Cri­ draped, also at the son's request, with a discrepancies in the witness's statements Also at the Eichmann trial, Mr. mean Tatars, Russians and Jews, and Ukrainian flag. and call into question his reliability. Rosenberg had stated that he was 35 at the former genc?rars colleagues from the During a memorial service on,Friday That morning's session was attended that time (in 1961), while, in fact, he was dissident movement in the Soviet evening, February 27, at the Jarema by 1sraeli Prime Mfnister Yitzhak 4d. Under cross-examination Mr. Ro­ Union. Funeral Home this champion of human Shamir, who watched the proceedings senberg could not ?Xplain the discre­ Present also were activists of human* rights was eulogized as a tireless spokes­ from a front-row seat. Mr. Shamir, pancy in his age and said that this was man for human and national rights who after spending an hour listening to Mr. immaterial. The witness kept returning (Continued on page 4) Rosenberg's testimony, later told the to descriptions of atrocities at the death Grigorenko recalled camp. He told the story of the arrival of a at Vienna parley Myroslav Medvid: the final story? group of Jews from Dubno. This group VIENNA — "Grigorenko is one by David R. Marples writer's view, was that the Soviet knew that it was being led to its death general who will not fade away," warn­ In October 1985, Myroslav Med­ authorities had detained Mr. Medvid and the people began running away in ed Robert Frowick, deputy chief of the vid made headhnes in the United in prison and then murdered him. a11 directions in a panic, he said. U.S. delegation to the Helsinki Ac­ States when he left his ship, the After his "fall" from his ship, And what happened to you? Mr. cords review conference, after a heated Marshal Koniev, which was docked Seaman Medvid, according to the O'Connor asked the witness. Mr. Ro­ exchange with the Soviets during a in New Orleans harbor, ostensibly to Soviet version, got caught on a rope senberg replied that the Jews from the February 27 plenary meeting of the seek political asylum. After negotia­ and injured his hand. He was hospi­ work gang were chased into the bar­ ongoing 35-nation East-VV^est confe­ tions with U.S. authorities, he sub­ talized upon his return to the USSR racks, and the guards began firing at the rence. sequently returned to the ship, al­ and after a "complex operation," group of prisoners. Mr. O'Connor According to observers from the though many felt that he had been decided40 change his career from asked, Were they firing from the U.S. Helsinki Commission, during the subjected to coercion by his Soviet that of a seaman to a coal miner (how towers? No, was the answer. The attor­ February 27 meeting, Mr. Frowick superiors. an injury to his hand should have ney asked, How did you see this if you delivered a statement from U.S. delega­ The Soviets have regarded the promoted such a move is unclear). were in the barracks? I was outside in tion chief Warren Zimmermann in event as a provocation on the part of The 1zvestia correspondent visited the yard and 1 saw everything, Mr. tribute to the recently deceased Petro the United States, and have accused the Chervonohrad mine in the Lviv Rosenberg answered. The work Jews Grigorenko, whose life, he said, "was the U.S. authorities of deliberately 0blast where Mr. Medvid is now were later told to dispose of the bodies. closely linked with the Helsinki pro­ creating the entire incident. employed. The mine director, Stepan In answer to the defense questions cess." The statement triggered angry On February 11, 1zvestia published Zhirii, noted that like all novices, Mr. about whether he and the other work protests from the Soviet delegation's an article titled *The Beginning and Medvid had been sent on a training Jews attempted to do anything to help deputy chief, Victor Shikalov, who End of One Sensation," which some­ course, and had now graduated to his this group of prisoners who were trying accused the United States of trying to what surprisingly — given that 16 apprenticeship. Mining, he stated, to run away, Mr. Rosenberg stood up undermine and explode the Vienna months has elapsed — focused once was in his blood. and began yelling that not even the meeting. again on Seaman Medvid. Mr. Medvid himself affirmed that worst anti-Semites had asked them such Mr. Shikalov further contended that 1n a preface to the article, corres­ his father had worked at a nearby a question. He said he could do nothing the U.S. speech was provocative and pondent V. Vukovich noted that the mine for 30 years before his retire­ to help, because if he had tried he would contrary to the rules of procedure young seaman had requested watch ment. However, he had resolved to have been killed by the one who is governing the Vienna meeting, a con­ duty, and was inspecting the ship's work at Chervonohrad since it is the sitting there, he said, pointing to Mr. tention that 10 Western countries, lights when he leaned over too far home village of his new wife, Lesya, Demjanjuk. including the three politically neutral and fell into the water, whereupon he who is expecting their first child. At this moment, Mr. Demjanjuk states of Switzerland, Sweden and required medical aid and was thus "This is all the more reason to study," called the witness a liar, using the Liechtenstein, staunchly contested. The taken back aboard for treatment. stated the director, becoming ani­ Hebrew words, "Ata shakran" (you are delegations, which also included Subsequently, the article began, a mated. 1n his opinion, Myroslav a liar). Canada, the United Kingdom, representative of the U.S. State must enter the local technical school, "Bear this in the context of a man Spain, 1taly, West Germany, France Department boarded the vessel and graduate and become a brigadier. sitting in a cell for one year, suffering in and Denmark, argued with Mr. Shika­ demanded an interview with Mr. The former seaman is also an his own way," the defense attorney lov on the principle that sovereign Medvid, who, it was stressed, never accomplished musician, according to interjected. "He said what he said in countries are free to discuss any issues signed an appeal to request political the account. A graduate of Lviv Hebrew... to show us he's human, to they deem relevant to the important asylum despite many hours of inter­ music college, he p1ays in the mine's show us he has emotions." East-West conference, including hu­ rogation. Yet "provocateurs," it was brass band. Toward the end of this When the judge asked the defense man-rights issues. alleged, '*continued to spread a11 conversation, which was evidently attorney if he wished the defendant's elaborated to demonstrate that Mr. The Soviet delegation apparently kinds of cock-and-bull stories," the statement to appear in the record, Mr. most contemptible of which, in the (Continued on page 14) (Continued on page 2) (Continued on page 9) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 No.10

A GUmPSu OF SOVIET REALITY Sakharov appeals for recidivists in noforious Perm labor camp Ukrainian youth to be 1nternationalized' JERSEY CITY, N.J. - Andrei pardons to prisoners charged under Sakharov, the renowned Soviet dissi­ by Roman Solchanyk conduct "concrete work" aimed at Article 70. proving the education process, the dent and Nobel laureate, and a group of The list of names includes 11 Ukrai­ other Moscow dissidents released a list A recent issue of the Ukrainian teaching of social disciplines, the study nians, among them well-known Ukrai­ cultural weekly Kultura і Zhyttia re­ of Marxist-Leninist classics, the new to the public in late February contain­ nian Helsinki Group monitors Мук0Iа ports that the Ministry of Culture in edition of the party program, the ing the names of 20 Soviet political Horbal, Ivan Kandyba, Lev Lukia- Kiev has adopted a series of measures decisions of the 27th Congress of the prisoners who remain incarcerated in nenko, Ivan Sokulsky, Vasyl Ovsienko designed to increase "the patriotic and Communist Party of the Soviet Union the Soviet Union and who, they believe, and Vitaliy Kalynychenko, as well as international upbringing" of Ukrainian and other party documents. des1erve particular attention. They other Ukrainian rights activists such as youth in light of the decisions of last This year, writes Kultura і Zhyttia, expressed special concern about their Mykhailo Horyn, Petro Ruban, Semen year's party congresses. the Ukrainian Ministry of Culture and fates, according to 0rest Deychakiwsky Skalych, Hryhoriy Prykhodko and Vasyl Mazurak. According to the newspaper, cultural the republican Komsomol, together of the U.S. Helsinki Commission. and artistic institutions in the republic with other institutions and public Dr. Sakharov focused on a group of Also listed are two Lithuanians, have been told "to implement a complex organizations, will examine the ques­ 20 recidivists, or repeat offenders, who members of the Lithuanian Helsinki of ideological and upbringing measures tion of organizing a Republican Center are all being held in the notorious Perm Group, Ba1ys Gajauskas and Viktoras that are to form an integral component for the Military-Patriotic Upbringing of special-regimen labor camp No. 36-1 Petkus, as well as Estonian Mart of the multifaceted process of the Youth. On the local level, officials near Kuchino. This is the "death camp" Niklus. Messrs. Niklus and Petkus are internationalization of the spiritual life responsible for cultural affairs are to where prominent Ukrainian dissidents also members of the Ukrainian Helsinki of Soviet sotiety." provide practical support for the Vasyl Stus, 01eksiy Tykhy, Yuriy Group. The project, as described by the organization of city and raion c1ubs of Lytvyn and Valeriy Marchenko all died. Also included are two Russians, newspaper, has all the earmarks of a international friendship. All 20 remain imprisoned for "anti­ Leonid Borodin and Vyacheslav Ostro~ Soviet agitation and propaganda," glyad, two Armenians, Ashot Navasar- massive indoctrination campaign. Two observations are in order. This Workers' collectives, educational insti­ (Article 70 of the RSFSR Criminal dyan and Azot Arshakyan, one Latvian latest "internationalization campaign" Code), despite the two decrees by the human rights activist, Gunars Astra, tutions, buildings of culture, c1ubs, follows by little more than a week the libraries, museums, and parks of cul­ Presidium of the Supreme Soviet in and another Estonian dissident, Enn recent Central Committee plenum at early February that granted selective Tarto. ture and rest have all been directed to which Mikhail Gorbachev discussed the conduct socio-political lectures, thema­ current state of nationality relations, tic evenings, readers' conferences, mass referring also to the anti-Russian riots More released prisoners identified theatrical productions, holidays of in Alma-Ata in December. international friendship, city and raion JERSEY CITY, N.J. - While the exile) for "anti-Soviet agitation and festivals, competitions and reviews of Although the report on the decisions names of three more newly released propaganda" stemming from his au­ patriotic songs, music, poetry and taken by the Ukrainian Ministry of Ukrainian political prisoners were thorship of poems criticizing the re­ dance of the peoples of the Soviet Culture does not mention General revealed last week, The Washington gime. He was arrested on that charge as Union. Secretary Gorbachev's speech at the Post reported stories of difficulties well as for attempting to escape to the The appropriate departments of the plenum, it is perhaps not entirely encountered by dissidents returning West via Czechoslovakia in September Ukrainian Ministry of Culture together coincidental that the proposed cam­ home only to be placed on par0Ie or 1974. with other republican institutions will paign focuses precisely on youth, who refused residency permits. Mr. Pohorily was freed from Perm draw up and implement long-range were also singled out by the Soviet The three Ukrainian dissidents, Vasyl labor camp No. 35 where he was serving plans for ties with corresponding insti- party leader in the context of the Fedorenko, Vasyl Ploskonis and Valen­ a 10-year term for "anti-Soviet agita­ ,tyLi,||q^l^j.^jn^j2tl^erj5;ep in the necessity of strengthening internationa­ tin Pohorily, are now part of a list of tion and propaganda" and for pos­ lism; some only 60 known Soviet prisoners of sessing a weapon. Mr. Pohorily was 4ш%^ьі^яш^^^^^^^ c ^.. - Г. conscience released after the Soviet arrested 1983 or 1984 in Leningrad. "'A number 6f or^nizatidnal and Nationalist trends, said Mr. Gorba­ chev, could only be successfully op­ leadership issued two decrees in early Mr. Ploskonis, 50, returned to his, scientific-methodological steps will be February pardoning a selected group of hometown of Cherkassy, Ukraine, in taken in the higher and specialized posed by consistent, sustained interna­ tionalism, which must be promoted in dissidents serving sentences under Ar­ late February following his release from secondary educational institutions of ticle 70 of the Russian criminal code. Perm labor camp No. 36, where he was culture and the arts." These were not every sphere of life, first and foremost among young people. The Soviets announced the imminent imprisoned for four years. specified expect for the planned republi­ release of 140 political prisoners at that Mr. Ploskonis was one of numerous can students' conference on "The Inter­ Also, it is interesting to note that, in spite of the repeated calls for the time and then proceeded to add another political pris,oners profiled in The connection and Development of the 140 to make the number of possible Washington Post's front-page article on Fraternal Cultures of the Peoples of the "restructuring" of virtually a11 aspects of Soviet life, there appear to be no releases 280. Western groups monitor­ March 2 that revealed many contradic­ USSR," which is to be held at the Rivne ing Soviet human rights, however, innovations in the party's approach to tions in official Soviet policies which State 1nstitute of Culture, and a compe­ including USSR News Brief in Munich ideological campaigns that are linked to have not been visible to the West. tition of pupils' essays on the same and the U.S. Helsinki Commission, Soviet nationalities policy. And this, The article said that according to the theme that will be conducted in the have been able to come up with only 60­ dissident's friends, Mr. Ploskonis had schools. In addition, every educational too, is a reflection of Mr. Gorbachev's odd names. (0rest Deychakiwsky of the position on the national question. his passport confiscated upon his return institution in Ukraine is expected to U.S. Helsinki Commission said that the to Cherkassy and was informed he was number 140 is viewed by the commis­ being placed under par0Ie for five years. Grigorenko recalled... vention to be questioned in particular sion as Soviet propaganda and that the The article went on to say that Mr. by the distinguished representative of 60-odd names are more realistic.) Ploskonis had been arrested for publi­ (Continued from page4) the Soviet Union." Mr. Fedorenko, 58, was released cizing his grievances against local stood alone in its protest during the During the tribute, Mr. Frowick from internal exile after almost 13 years authorities, "the same local authorities exchange, which centered on the U.S. called the deceased "a great humanita­ of incarceration (10 years in Perm labor that Gorbachev sternly chastised in a delegation's right to introduce a matter, rian whose life was closely linked to the camp No. 36-1 and under three years' speech last June." like the tribute to Gen. Grigorenko, into Helsinki process." The U.S. ambassa­ the Vienna meeting. Tributes or state­ dor's statement traced Gen. Grigo­ ments on individual dissidents are renko's personal evolution from a evidently rare during such parleys. highly decorated general, dedicated "The Vienna meeting cannot take Communist and devoted patriot to a ОI(гаіпіапІА/ееУV FOUNDED 1933 place in an ivory tower, divorced from ^well-known dissident. For his exposure reality," commented Mr. Frowick of Soviet psychiatric abuse and the An English-ldnguage UkrdJnian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National following the exchange. '"Grigorenko's plight of the Crimean Tatars forcibly Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. efforts in his native country represent a exiled from their homeland under 07302. precursor to current, potentially very Stalin, Gen. Grigorenko had been Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. important trends related to openness confined to a psychiatric hospital and (ISSN--0273-9348) (glasnost) and restructuring (peres- eventually stripped of his Soviet citizen­ troika.) Just as current initiatives, in ship. particular, those of General Secretary Said Mr. Frowick: "It was the same Yearly subscription rate: S8; for UNA members - S5. Grobachev, concerning openness and acute sense of duty and service to Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. perestroika are directly germane to the country that eventually led Grigorenko The Weekly and Svoboda: CSCE process, so also was the work of down the long and difficult path to open UNA: (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 Gen. Grigorenko. I would submit that dissent." (201)451-2200 Gen. Grigorenko should be regarded as Mr. Frowick continued: "Grigorenko Postmaster, send address an heroic early champion of these was determined that injustices of the changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz Assistant Editors:. Natalia A. Feduschak concepts of openness and restructuring past should never be repeated, that the The' Ukrainian Weekly — so early that he paid a very heavy victimized receive redress and that P.O. Box 346 Chrystyna N. Lapychak price for drawing attention to endemic, human dignity be respected. Not only Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Canadian Correspondent: Michael B. Bociurkiw structural problems in his native coun­ did Gen. Grigorenko think this, he said try. Now, under these circumstances, it it and suffered terrible consequences. The Ukrainian Weekly, March 8, 1987, No. 9, Vol. LV seen^s esp^^cially paradQxiqalj incop- . He,was deemed mad. to have seen the Copyright 1987 by The Ukrainian Weekly sistent and thus illogical for our inter­ truth apd. acted upon it." No. 1Є THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 Task Force responds to ABA chief National Millennium Committee's booth PHOENIX, Ariz. - The Task Force nor pertinent to the issue of the ABA's on ABA-Soviet Relations, a national ties to the Soviets. Furthermore, it was tells religious broadcasters about Ukraine organization seeking dissolution of inappropriate and insensitive. The by Marta Baziuk The booth of the Ukrainian National formal ties between the American Bar Holocaust is not merely of concern to Millennium Committee, with its sign Association (ABA) and a Soviet organi­ families of survivors. Its lesson is uni­ WASHINGTON - Almost 5,000 flanked by embroidery and icons in zation, the Association of Soviet Law­ versal. All people must share in the people came to Washington during the wood-carved frames and its large map yers (ASL), has responded to a state­ resolve, 'Never again.' It is a sad state of first week of February for the 44th of Ukraine, was distinctive. It drew a ment by ABA President Euigene Thomas affairs when the president of the Ameri­ annual convention of the National stream of curious visitors asking, "so that critics of ABA-Soviet ties are can Bar Association does not appear to Religious Broadcasters Association, an why are you folks here?" people "scarred by the Holocaust" who understand the full implications of the organization founded to safeguard Gloria y'Edynak, one of the 20 are focused on "family concerns," while Holocaust." access to the broadcast media for Washington-area volunteers who the ABA is focused on "larger issues." Mr. Thomas' remarks, which were religious broadcasting. manned the booth, answered as follows: The remark was made to the press by reported in the Los Angeles Daily They came to hear speakers such as "In 1988 it will be 1,000 years since ABA President Thomas at the organi­ Journal, were apparently directed at a Vice-President George Bush and evan­ Prince Volodymyr declared this area zation's mid-year meeting in New group of picketers marching outside the gelists Jerry Falwell and Jimmy Swag- (pointing to map), now Ukraine, Chris­ Orleans. ABA's convention headquarters at the gart, to attend workshops, and to check tian. Though he ruled from Kiev which Patience T. Huntwork, a Task Force time of the statement. The group of out the myriad booths covering 9,500 is the capital of Ukraine, the Russian leader and spokesperson, responded as picketers included: Yigal Bander, exe­ square feet and featuring everything Orthodox Church will hold commemo­ follows to the ABA president's state­ cutive director of the Jewish Federation from Bible salesmen to satellite ser- rations in Moscow, Russia. Moscow ment: of Baton Rouge; Rabbi Paul Caplan of (Continued on page 14) "Mr. Thomas' statement about our Baton Rouge; Hinda Cantor, leader of group was neither factually accurate (Continued on page 15) White House clarifies position WASHINGTON - The White *'The purpose of U.S.-Soviet House has clarified its position on people-to-people exchanges is to the Declaration of Cooperation promote genuine understanding between the American Bar Associa­ between private American and pri­ tion and the Association of Soviet vate Soviet citizens by providing an Lawyers in a February 17 letter to the alternative to official Soviet institu­ leaders of the Task Force on ABA­ tions which serve to promote official Soviet Relations. positions of the Soviet government Linas Kojelis, special assistant to and the Communist Party of the the president for public liaison, wrote Soviet Union," Mr. Kojelis explain­ . to Patience Huntwork and 0rest ed in his letter. Jejna to stress that "the administra­ tion has at no time taken an official "In the case of the (ABA-ASL) position supporting this agreement." agreement to which you refer, the This statement is significant be­ ASL serves functionally as a compo­ cause supporters of the U.S.-Soviet nent part of the Soviet government. lawyers' agreement, including the Thus, the administration's approyal ABA's former president, William of people-to-people exchanges Falsgraf, had gone on record as should not be construed as approval Pastor 0lexa Harbuziuk, president, All-Ukrainian Evangelical Baptist Fellowship stating that the White House had of an exchange between American (far right), with volunteers at the Ukrainian Millennium booth: (from left) Gloria responded favorably to the exchange lawvers and a group such as the y'Edynak Mace, Volodymyr Pechenuk, Marta Pereyma, Daria 8tec, Mykhaylo initiative. ASL." Bokhno and Marta Baziuk. Former Soviet dissidents discuss true face of U5SR by Marianna Liss Some like Dr. Agaev and Dr. Strokata think that may not be hearing everything someone is saying, even personal experiences do not mean anything to if it is a top Soviet official, if ti)e interpreter thinks: he NEW ORLEANS - Three former Soviet dissidents audiences who have not known the Soviet system first­ should be censored. ^e shared their experiences in the USSR, while attending hand. Dr. Agaev said he did not have anything very We became investigators of this system, making the weekend demonstrations held here in mid­ interesting to relate, since he only lost his job as a result many experiments upon it. We went very deep into the February to protest the formal Declaration of of his human-rights activities Dr. Strokata disagreed whole legal system. In a closed society you must go Cooperation between the American.Bar Association with him on this point.] deep inside and challenge it. It is not a matter of simply and the Association of Soviet Lawyers. Strokata: In a normal country, if you lost your job observing the system. With Patience Huntwork of the Task Force on because you spoke your mind within a circle of friends, Huntwork: You have learned more about the ABA-Soviet Relations acting as catalyst, questioning this is considered persecution. Because I did not system through your own personal experiences? them about their lives in the Soviet system, an interest­ repudiate my husband (Sviatoslav Karavansky), my Agaev: No question about that. We also learned by ing and lively discussion ensued. case was discussed at the Medical Council of Odessa, being involved in other people's cases. You must as if I did something wrong. I was not political. I interact with the system, rather than going sightseeing thought differently, but was not politically active. with the ABA. Huntwork: Why don't individuals, who get official Grivnina: Even my lawyer gave me the wrong infor­ Huntwork: What was it Hke growing up in the tours see what you have experienced? mation. If she would have told me the truth she would Soviet Union? Strokata: An individual, a visitor, cannot under- have had a lot of problems herself. Dr. Yuri Yarim-Agaev (a physicist and former stand*because he is shown only Potemkin Villages. Huntwork: Could you tell us about the system of member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences): At 3 or4 They never meet with people who could freely speak to "underground laws " by which the Soviet system years old they teach you songs and poems about the them. They might see the metro and Russian furs, works? Communist path that make absolutely no sense to you maybe the Lenin mausoleum. Strokata: Yes, there are written instructions which at that age. And when you ask your teachers, they Huntwork: If you take a guided tour by Soviet are never published anywhere that deal with how a never explain. No one knows why some things are lawyers, would you learn about the Soviet system? particular case must be handled. Only those in done in a particular way (even when one grows up). Strokata: The case of my husband taught me about authority know anything about these additional Irina Grivnina (founding member of the Moscow the system. instructions. Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Agaev: One British scientist came to talk to Soviet Agaev: You see, some parts of the law are written Psychiatry for Political Purposes): Yes, I've even officials on a personal basis. He visited an official and and pubUshed, but other parts of the same law are not heard where 3- or 4-year-olds present a statue of Lenin I interpreted exactly what he said to the official. I was published. (For instance, articles 1 through 10 may to a picture of him — qu1ite the primitive religion. his interpreter. This would never happen with an be published but 11 through 20 are kept hidden). Dr. Nina Strokata (medical doctor and microbiolo~ appointed guide from the Association of Soviet Grivnina: I was being interrogated by a KGB gist, founding member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Lawyers. officer. He had on his table this (secret) set of Group): I remember many friends of my father My experience was most funny. We went directly to instructions. Usually it is forbidden to know about speaking in the Ukrainian language. I was born in 1920 the official he wanted to see — most arrogant by them, or to show it to anyone. But he made a terrible and remember the beginnings of the 1930s. Before Soviet standards — and I translated exactly what each mistake, he must not have been aware of the restric­ World War II, many friends stopped visiting my father was saying to the other. This confused a secretary tion, because he let me see it. According to this book, and those who did didn't speak Ukrainian. My father's working in the office. She whispered to me, "What are there are 64 crimes against the state. When in doubt an friends became victims of repression in the '30s. They you doing?" She was sure that an officially appointed official can do nothing on his own, especially in regard never returned. Only after StaUn's death did my father person would not do such a thing. She just couldn't to political cases, but must consult the KGB first. begin to reminisce, in my presence, about them and understand the situation; it went against the norm. A colonel saw me reading it, and went crazy. I why they never returned. The interpreter is the first censor between the Soviet pretended I hadn't read anything, and didn't know [Here a discussion ensued on what is most important and the American counterparts. It is filtered commu­ anything. to bring out in speaking with American audiv,iiOvS. nication by this primitive and simple method. You (Continued on page 8) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. MARCH 8,1987 No. 10

Teachers' workshop on Ukrainian fqmineMb in Rochester ROCHESTER, N.Y. - The New New York State Education Department York State Education Department, in in other major cities of New York. cooperation with the West Irondequoit Attending the Rochester session will be School District, will hold a workshop members of the New York State Edu­ on the man-made famine in Ukraine cation Department and Social Studies and present-day human-rights viola­ Council. tions in Ukraine. The workshop will be In addition to Dr. Mace, other held on March 12-14 at the University speakers in the Teachers' Workshop of Rochester. will include Dr. Taras Hunczak, profes­ The project director, Christine Ho- sor of history at Rutgers University, showsky, a former department chair­ author of various books on Ukrainian person of the Social Studies Depart­ history and executive director of Ukrai­ ment at West 1rondequoit, in suburban nian Heritage Council; Christina Isajiw, Rochester, planned the program and executive director of the Human Rights was instrumental in obtaining the fund­ Commission, Wor1d Congress of Free ing for it. Ukrainians; Dr. George Gregory of the "The program is divided into four State Education Department, Bureau parts," Ms. Hoshowsky said. "First of Curriculum Development and direc­ there is a chronological presentation of tor of the Holocaust Studies Project; Ukrainian history. It is important40 and Leonid Heretz of the Ukrainian establish Ukraine as a legitimate nation Research Institute of Harvard. with historical roots lasting longer than This in-service teachers workshop is those of Russia," she continued. open to all teachers in the greater Rochester area, and participating tea­ "Moreover," Mr. Hoshowsky stated, Organizers of Rochester's workshop on the Ukrainian famine of 1932-33 (from "it is important to distinguish between chers will receive a stipend and in left): Valentina Makohon, Dr. George Gregory, Dr. Donald Bragaw, Christine service-credit. For more information Russia and Ukraine, not only in the Hoshowsky, Edward Lawler and Martha Shmigel. historical setting, but also to show the contact Ms. Hoshowsky, (716) 544­ authoritarian-totalitarian nature of of the program. The award-winning study, led by Dr. William Lowe, 1015. Russian-Soviet imperiaHsm." documentary, produced with the assis­ professor, Graduate School of Educa­ An evening session featuring the The second part of the program will tance of the National Film Board of tion at the University of Rochester. invited guest speakers will also be held focus on the man-made famine itself. Canada, and aired recently on PBS, The project, made possible through for the community on Thursday, March Dr. James Mace, staff director of the "Harvest of Despair," will be shown. the initiative of New York State Sen. 12, at West Irondequoit High School in U.S. Commission on the Ukraine Famine The fourth session will be a curricu­ John D. Perry, will be the first in a series the Large Group Instruction Center will be the principal speaker for this part lum workshop, using Ukraine as a case of workshops to be sponsored by the (260 Cooper Road) at 7-9 p.m. A miniature Ukrainian flag and an comrade, she said, "the light of your by the internal strife within the Ukrai­ Hundreds mourn... Eastern cross lay in the coffin next to sou1 will help us fight for their freedom." nian community and called for solida­ (Continued from page 1) Gen. Grigorenko's body, which was Ms. Svitlychna sprinkled a handful of rity among all Ukrainians. had vowed to "tell the wor1d what I dressed in a dark navy blue suit. soil from Ukraine on the grave. In turn, Among former Soviet dissidents pre­ sent at services for Gen. Grigorenko know," about the Soviet regime and On Saturday morning, February 28, Mr. Altan, who Hkened Gen. Grigo­ continued to do so until his death. renko to an "elder" of the Crimean were Vladimir Bukovsky, Yuri Yarim- a funeral liturgy took place at St. Agaev, Aishe Seitmuratova, Victor He was a man who knew the meaning Tatars, sprinkled salt from the Crimea Volodimir's. More than 150 mourners Borovsky, Vlad1en Pavlenkov, Arkady of the word "glasnost" before it became on the grave. attended the service during which Gen. Polishchuk and the wife of Valentin , an integral part of Xjeneral Secretary Some 200 persons stayed for the Grigorenko was recalled as a soldier - Turchin (Mr. Turchin himself was ill). Mikhail Gorbachev's vocabulary, said "tryzna" (memorial dinner), and nu­ both in the military and in the struggle Telegrams were received from all Roman Kupchinsky, the president of merous tributes were delivered by for universal rights. The officiating over the wor1d, including Moscow and Prolog Research Corp., and a long-time representatives of various Ukrainian clergy were the Rev. Bazylevsky, pastor Tashkent. Among those offering con­ supporter of Gen. Grigorenko's human­ community organizations and col­ of St. Volodimir's where Gen. Grigorenko dolences via telegrams were: Volody- rights campaigns, who spoke after the leagues of Gen. Grigorenko in the had been a parishioner since his arrival myr Malynkovych (Munich), Mustafa panakhyda. in the United States, and the Revs. human-rights movement. Andrew Grigorenko read a tribute to Dzhemilev (Tashkent), Malva Landa, These sentiments were echoed Tkachuk and Kindzeriavyj Pastukhiv. Sergei Kovalev, Aleksandr Podrabinek, throughout the evening in public state­ After the hourlong service, and a his father that was delivered by the U.S. delegation to the Vienna review confe­ Yuriy Shikhanovich, Larissa Bogoraz ments offered by Osyp Holynsky, homily deUvered by the Rev. Kindze­ (wife of the late Anatoly Marchenko), speaking on behalf of the Ukrainian riavyj Pastukhiv, letters of condolences rence on the Helsinki Accords (See page 7 for full text.), and Zinaida Grigo­ Sofia Kalistratova, and the Sakharovs, veterans and the Rev. Serhij Kindze- sent from Metropolitan Mstyslav, head Abramkin, Kosterin, Ternovsky, Neki- riavyj Pastukhiv, who spoke on behalf of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in renko recalled her husband's early "career" as a dissident. She noted, as pelov, Lavut and Serebrov families, a11 of the clergy, which included Ukrai­ the United States and Bishop Antony from Moscow. nian Orthodox Revs. Wolodymyr were read. The coffin was closed, well, that her husband was very pained Bazylevsky, Konstantin Kalinowsky, draped with the flag of independent Ivan Tkachuk, and Ukrainian Catholic Ukraine and carried to the waiting Rev. Petro Ohirko. funeral procession, which made its long The general was remembered as a trek to South Bound Brook. warm, open human being in private There, Metropolitan Mstyslav conversations overheard during the led the clergy in offering a requiem evening. Some remembered him during service at St. Andrew's Memo­ his days in Moscow, some knew him rial Ukrainian Orthodox Church; the only since his arrival in the United metropolitan also eulogized Gen. Gri­ States, where he obtained political gorenko. The church was filled to asylum in April 1978, after being capacity and many of the З00 mourners stripped of his Soviet citizenship during — among them a busload of Crimean a visit for medical treatment. Tatars and another busload of New During the daylong viewing at the Yorkers — were forced to wait outside. funeral home on Friday, hundreds of A panakhyda at the grave followed. mourners paid their last respects and As the coffin was lowered into the expressed condolences to Gen. Gri­ ground, Ukrainian veterans gave their gorenko's widow, Zinaida, and their final salute, an honor guard of Ameri­ son, Andrew. can veterans fired a gun salute and taps The funeral parlor was filled with were played. flora1 arrangements that further testi­ There were three principal speakers fied to Gen. Grigorenko's wide circle of during the ceremony at the burial site: interests and friends. The Crimean former Soviet dissident Pavel Litvinov, Tatars, whose case was taken up by the who spoke in Russian; Nadia Svifty- :general, sent an arrangement which chna of the External Representation of highlighted the IShape of Crimea, their the Ukrainian Helsinki СгойрГ who homeland. Crimean Tatar human­ spoke in Ukrainian; and Mubyyin rights activist Mustafa Dzhemilev, who Altan of the National Center of Cri­ was rc.eI1lly freed from a Soviet labor mean Tatars, who spoke in English. camp, also sent a flora1 tribute. The Ms. Svitlychna, in a moving eulogy, External Representation of the Ukrai­ spoke of the genera1's achievements and nian Helsinki 4^ up, which had been recalled those rights defenders who headed by the general, sent an arrange­ were still imprisoned in special-regimen ment of blue and yellow carnations, the, camps, and in special psychiatric hQspi~ c6lo'rs of the Ukrainian fIag. tals. Addressing herself to her fallefi^ Metrdpoliti^n Mstyslav at gravesUe ofTeti:o X5rigo,renko. No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8r 1987 For the record: eyewffness festirrtony before CommfSSion on Famine Following is testimony cf eyewitnesses to the man­ my coat. 1 wanted to eat it so badly, but realized that if came one by one, not in groups or families. made famine of 1932-33 in Ukraine who appeared at I began to nibble it, I would be unable to stop, and They were mostly young mothers with babies or the Warren, Mich,, regional hearing of the U.S. there would be nothing left for my brother, sister and small children. Occasionally one would seen teenage Commission on the Ukraine Famine on November 24, mother who was breast feeding a baby at the time boys. A typical picture I observed many times was of a 1986. with blood instead of milk, because her breasts had mother with a baby coming into town and looking for Anastasia Kh.: gone dry from hunger. a busy street. She would spread her kerchief on the 1 often saw how my mother prayed to God to be sidewalk, place her baby on it and leave. Sometimes My name is Anastasia Kh. I was born in Kharkiv allowed to die, for she could no longer endure the sight she would go only as far as the street corner, stop there 0blast. My recollection of the tragedy of the of her child suffering. To this very day, I can see my and watch if anybody would pick up her child. No Ukrainian nation begins at the age of 7. Around the poor little sister before my very eyes. She was all skin one would. year 1930,1 returned from school one day to discover and bones, like the children in Ethiopia. After a while, she would return, pick up the baby strangers taking away our wagon, horses and cow. Once, I managed to obtain two kilograms of bread. and proceed to another street corner and try again. My mother, who survived the famine of 1932-33, Tnis happened in the following way. There were two Never did I see anyone stop and pick up the babies. At only to die of hunger in 1946, was crying out and merchants selling bread in the store. I came up to one first, for about the first two or three months, these begging them to leave the cow for the children for a of them and he gave me one kilogram. Then I squeezed were sporadic instances, but gradually they increased village cow was a second mother to small children, but into another line and got more bread from another until there was a steady stream of starving peasants my mother's pleas went unheeded. merchant. coming to the city. This happened three timies, as I recall. On the third I was so afraid that my treasures would be taken The children and the mothers began to die first. The time, they took away our chest of clothes and all the away from me as I left the store. Walking through the dead and the dying were being picked up by special grain. Mother sat us little ones on top of a sack door, I took care to hide the bread under my arm, so trucks which regularly patrolled the city streets. The containing about 20 kilograms of grain which was that no one would notice that I had any and seize it. trucks drove them out of town to special barns set up lying on the kitchen stove, but they pulled us down I saw many unfortunate sou1s who were close to as collection points. from the stove and removed the grain to the last death. I recall walking past a young woman with a Those who were still breathing were simply left there kernel. That's how the horrible tragedy began in our baby on her breast. She begged me to give her some to die. There was no medical service or food provided village. bread in the name of Christ, but I refused, because I at these centers. The city folk knew about it, but the ^ First, the villagers were divided into three classes — myself had not eaten any of it yet. peasants did not. They assumed the trucks were kulaks, middle peasants and poor peasants. They were I thought that if I gave the bread to all the hungry provided by the authorities to take care of them, and considered middle peasants, because the kulaks as the people I met, there wouldn't be any left for me. No many mothers gladly put their children on those trucks wealthiest peasants were called, had already been sooner had I walked away than the unfortunate and climbed there themselves thinking they would be dispossessed of their property in 1929, woman keeled over and died. Fear gripped my heart, fed. My mother worked in the city of Kharkiv which was for it seemed that her wide open eyes were accusing me The brutal truth about the fate of those being taken 65 miles away from our village. Workers at that time of denying her bread. They came and took her baby away soon became known to the peascints, and many a were given, or more accurately permitted to buy З00 away which in death, she continued to hold in a tight time one could hear a piercing cry of a mother who grams of bread, while children, as I recall, were grip. upon her return to the street corner where she left her allotted 200 grams. But, poor father had to work such The vision of this dead woman haunted me for a baby discovered the baby was gone. In vain, the long hours that he was unable to come home every long time afterwards. I was able to sleep at night, passers-by tried to comfort her saying that perhaps evening with our bread. After waiting in line for many because I kept seeing her before me. When I related my someone had taken in her child out of compassion. long hours, he often missed the last train back to our experience to my mother, she tried to cheer me up by After a while, the peasants arriving in the city could village, and was forced to transmit the bread to us saying that I would not have been able to save the barely walk. I remember one scene in which a young through village acquaintances. woman even if I had given her an entire 1oaf of bread, boy, emaciated to the point where he had to be This was still during the years 1930-31. The for her system had already been undermined by supported on each side by adults, probably his parents following years, 1932-33, were truly a horrible time for hunger. who themselves were barely able to walk, was coming our family. The winter was extremely cold. There was At the time, bread was the most vital form of towards ;me.'""^-""" --v..,^^.:.--....,.^.^..i ,-^ ..^,... --.- *..> no firewood. The house was cold inside. Worst of all, sustenance. I recall how father on several occasions From afar, it appeared as if the boy Were grinning; I there was nothing for us to eat. took us to Kharkiv to a so-called cafeteria. The was chilled with horror at the sight. When the group 1 remember how I and my two youngest brothers, cafeteria must have been only for party workers, came near, I realized that the grimace on the boy's face one was 7, the other 5, would crawl up to the 1oft where because father was unable to buy anything for us to was caused by the taut skin pulled up and baring his some sort of chaff was stored. In it, we found some eat, although we saw others eating and even leaving teeth. kidney beans which we proceeded to pick out one by scraps on their plates which we ate after the people had I remember leaving a drama theater and finding one. left. starving children, barely five years of age, curled up in Mother soaked them and made some kind of broth Once when we were at the restaurant, a well-dressed the niches near the entrance slowly dying. Every time I out of them, and we were immeasurably happy that we man came to father and began screaming at him. They went out in the street, I took bread and other soft food had discovered such treasure in the 1oft, but it was threw us out of the restaurant, and we never again with me and gave it to the mothers, but soon their impossible40 subsist on bean broth forever, since returned. I children were so starved they could no longer consume with each passing day, there were fewer and fewer The summer of 1933 brought with it a good harvest. any food. beans to eat, and the day came when we were unable to We children would go in twos and threeswith bags and The city folk began to feel the squeeze, too. There find any more. scissors to cut down sheaves of wheat for which one was scarcity of food everywhere. My husband, Serhii When spring came, we would go to the forest to pick could be severely punished, if caught. Pylypenko, along with other prominent writers and sorrel. In the summer, we would go to the pine forest to I went to an area near another village, Novo- members of the Communist Party, was issued a book pick mushrooms. As time went on, hunger began to Andriyivka and Petrovske, to collect the sheaves. At of special coupons or meal tickets for the privileged torment us more and more. At the time, I was the the village, I heard that a mother had killed her own dining room at the Sovnarkom, Council of People's oldest of four children in our family. One younger child near the shocks of wheat. The little girl's name Commissars. When we went to eat there for the first brother had died in 1930. I was often forced to miss was Halya. The mother stabbed her with scissors, and time, we discovered that it was permissible to take out school, because of trips to Kharkiv to take father's took the meat home to feed her sons. The little boys the meals. p1ace in the bread lines. said the cooked meat was so good that some went mad. The next time we came equipped with bow1s, filled But, whenever the time came for me to take my She ran out of the house and began screaming that she them with food, soup, meat, vegetable, and stepping bread, I would generally be told either that there was had eaten her own child. outside where a large crowd of hungry children was none left or that I was too small to be buying bread. Returning home with the sheaves we had cut, we waiting, began to distribute it. The children had no You can imagine how pitiful I felt, having waited long met three young men who were members of the dishes, so we just sat down among them and fed them hours for the bread, only to return empty-handed. Komsomol Youth League. They took away our from our bow1s. The train cars were filled with many swollen sheaves and beat us so severely that there were bruises There were also some mothers there who helped us. children whose parents were either no longer living or on my shoulders and lower legs long afterwards. Some of my husband's colleagues, seeing what we were who unable to endure the sight of their dying children It was generally so difficult to reach the train that doing, began feeding the children also. I must say that threw them out the window of the train cars. people would climb on tops of the train cars. The very few writers were privileged enough to obtain food Those children who were still alive after such treat­ conductor who sold tickets would chase the people out coupons for the Sovnarkom dining room, and out of ment were taken away to some kind of sheher. I of one side of the train, only to have them crawl back those, even fewer decided to share their food with the generally hid under the benches, because I was afraid through the other side. I was so terrified of the hungry. they would take me away as well. In addition, I was conductor that for a long time afterwards, I kept I also must add that the food we gave away was not already swollen from hunger, and it was difficult for hearing his cry, "Show your tickets." And so, swollen our only food. We all received additional special distri­ me to drag my legs which had grown very heavy. though we were, we still went to the forest to pick bution package, Paiki, so that we were not going I was not yet 10 years old. In school, as I recall, mushrooms and other plants, such as nettles and hungry. orphans were given some sort of broth to drink and sorrel, and anything else we could find which would In the summer of 1932, the Union of Writers of some bread to eat. I am ashamed to say that I envied soothe the pain in our stomachs. Ukraine, organized for its members and their famil^s them, because they were orphaned and were able to get Thanks be to God who saved us from death during a trip to Skadovske, a resort on the Black Sea, near the food. the famine of 1932-33. city of Dnipropetrovske, I was also a member of that union. God forgive me, I was small myself and very hungry. Mrs. Kardynalowska: In the beginning, there were 30 children in the first The sea shore near the resort was barren, sandy and grade. Then 25,20,15 and finallyonl y a few remained. 1n 1932,1 lived in Kharkiv. Suddenly, rumors began overgrown with low brush wood. There were no build­ I, too, was no longer able to attend school for I no to circulate throughout the city that there was a famine ings there of any sort. The whole area looked rather longer had the strength. in the Ukrainian countryside. There were no official desolate. Once in the spring of 1933,1 was fortunate enough confirmations of the rumors nor was there any Further up the shore at the mouth of the River to obtain a kilogram of bread on Zmiyivsky Street in newspaper reporting on the subject. Very soon Dnieper, we saw hundreds of dug-outs made by the Kharkiv. I hid my bountiful treasure in the lining of thereafter, peasants began filtering into the city. They (Continued on page 12) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 No.10

Faces and Places икгаіпіап1й/ееУу by Myron B. Kuropas Promises, promises A glorious 50th jubilee It is I936. The first successful parochial day Last month*s new gesture by the Soviets, their promised release of In Europe, the Spanish Civil War school was established by Bishop Con- 140 political prisoners and later 140 more, was a welcome move no erupts. Germany's Adolf Hitler occu­ stantine Bohachevsky in 1925 in Phila­ matter what the motives behind it were. Since then, however, pies the Rhineland. delphia. First known as St. Joseph's, the confusion as to the actual number of dissidents released and what is In the Soviet Union, old Bolsheviks school name was later changed to St. happening in the Soviet Union in regard to political dissenters has Grigori Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev, Basil's to avoid confusion with the clouded over numerous contradictions and inconsistencies that have close associates of Vladimir Lenin, are many local Latin-rite schools bearing prevailed. tried as Trotskyites. They "confess" to the same name. No new day schools plotting with enemy powers against were founded for the next eight years. This cloud of confusion has obviously worked toward the Soviets' Joseph Stalin and are summarily exe­ Organizing full-time Ukrainian advantage and they have been able to get away with much that often cuted. schools was no easy task. The initial goes unnoticed in the West. ^ In Africa, Italy conquers and annexes decision to construct St. Nicholas Ethiopia. School, for example, was made by the While the Soviet leadership claims to be working on reforming its In the United States, President Fran­ church council as early as 1923. The policy toward open dissent and purportedly trying to empty some of its klin Delano Roosevelt defeats Republi­ decision was reaffirmed in 1925 and by dungeons, prisons and camps by issuing such pardons as decreed by can Alf Landon in a landslide victory the following year some S12,00O had the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet last month, hundreds still remain capturing 523 electoral votes out of531. been collected for construction. Signifi­ incarcerated and many questions are left unanswered. The eight-hour day and 40-hour work cantly, however, the school didn't open " week are established for employees of for 10 years and even then it took an The releases that have actually taken p1ace have been extremely companies with U.S. government con­ extraordinary effort on the part of the select and the official number of 140 by far does not represent reality. tracts. Margaret Mitcheirs soon-to- pastor to convince parents to pull their become best selling novel "Gone With In real life, according to such monitoring groups as the U.S. Helsinki children out of public or Latin-rite the Wind" is published. G0mmission and USSR News Brief, only 60 or so have been freed Catholic schools and to enroll them at And St. Nicholas Ukrainian Catholic St. Nicholas. unaetAisso^uUed pardon fofr those serving terms for "anti-Soviet School opens its doors in Chicago. agitation and propaganda" (Article 70 of the Russian SFSR criminal Celebrating its 50th anniversary With the arrival of the post-war code). These prisoners were forced to sign statements promising to with a yearlong commemoration, St. immigration, St. Nicholas had to ex­ stay out of trouble. Nicholas Cathedral School opened the pand its facilities. A new building was year last spring with an exciting cul­ completed in 1954 and enro1lment soon And even these 60-odd dissidents, short of half the original tural dance concert at the Auditorium peaked at 1,240. promised number, have encountered difficulties and even harassment Theater. The renowned Chicago SUM- During the 1970s, St. Nicholas began upon finally returning home, according to an article in The A dance troupe Ukraina performed to suffer a substantial decline in en­ Washington Post last week. Several were refused residency permits in before an audience of some 2,500 rollment dropping to a post-war low of their hometowns, passports were confiscated and some were informed enthusiasts earning St. Nicholas School 145 students. The split which resulted in they huVe been put oh ^йго1е. over S18,00O in revenue. the creation of Ss. Volodymyr and 01ha ^ Is this how former political prisoner are goingtofit into General The 50th anniversary commemora­ parish only two blocks away siphoned Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's new open society? tion will end with an alumni banquet off much-needed revenue from the and ball on Saturday, May 9, at the parish, now faced with a S90,00O annual If the Soviets are anxious to empty out their dungeons, then why schools deficit. hasn't the leadership approached the notorious Perm labor camp No. Chicago 0'Hare Marriott Hotel. Some 36-1, known as the "death camp," which is just bursting with political 800 alumni, guests and friends are Two years ago, St. Nicholas began a expected to attend the S50-a-plate gala. prisoners serving terms for "anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda?" comeback. A determined and dynamic What about the psykhushkas — the special psychiatric hospitals? And, St. Nicholas School was not the first school board was created and within a year a new constitution guaranteeing if Ukrainians constitute 40 percent of the political prisoner Ukrainian school in the United States. Ss. Volodymyr and Olha a direct voice population, then why are there so few of them among the released? That honor belongs to Shenandoah, Pa., which organized America's first in school affairs was accepted by both 4^ дпепЬвпіай rights observer warned this week, while we should Ukrainian school in 1888 under the parish councils. St. Volodymyr and wefeome every individual release for the individual suffering it relieves, leadership of the Rev. Ivan Volansky. Olha agreed to absorb some of the school costs and is already providing we really should be cautious and monitor what is actually happening. Nor was St. Nicholas the first Ukrai­ Promises are one thing and reality another. As far as dissent in the significant financial and human re­ nian day school in the United States. 1t sources to the St. Nicholas renaissance. Soviet Union goes, the two have yet to be reconciled. was the Rev. Pavlo Tymkevych who School enro1lment has increased to І86 established the first such school in this year and is projected at 230 next America, a "bursa," in Yonkers, N.Y. in year. 1940. Hundreds of alumni are expected at TO THE WEEKLY CONTRIBUTORS: St. Nicholas can't even claim to be the the May 9 gala banquet including State only Ukrainian day school opened in Sen. Walter Dudycz and State Rep. 1936. Schools were launched in New Myron Kulas. Special room rates have We greatly appreciate the materials —feature articles, news stories, been arranged at the Marriot Hotel for press clippings, letters to the editor, and the like - we receive from our Kensington, Pa., and Hamtramck, Mich., that same year. out-of-towners wishing to renew their readers. ties with St. Nicholas. In order to facilitate preparation of The Ukrainian Weekly, wq ask Establishing full-time Ukrainian Interested alumni are urged to con­ that the guidelines listed below be followed. schools in America was a long and tact 01eh and Maria Sajewych, 2215 W. arduous process. Cortez, Chicago, III. 60622 for more * News stories should be sent in not later than 10 days after the The second serious attempt to esta­ information. occurrence of a given event. blish a Ukrainian day school was initiated by Bishop Soter Ortynsky in * Information about upcoming events must be received by noon of 1911. With the help of Basilian nuns the Monday before the date of The Weekly edition in which the infor­ recruited in Europe by Metropolitan mation is to be published. Andrey Sheptytsky, a Ukrainian Ca­ tholic orphanage was founded in Phila­ * All materials must be typed and double*spaced. delphia in 1912. Within three years, the institution housed 1З1 orphans. Later, ^ Newspaper and magazine clippings must be accompanied by th^ summer camps for the youngsters were name of the publication and the date of the edition. established in Chesapeake, Md., and in Fox Chase, Pa. Our Ukrainian Ameri­ ^ Photographs submitted for publication must be black and white can who grew up in the Philadelphia (or color with good contrast). They wlH be returned only when so Ukrainian orphanage was the late requested and accompanied by a stamped, addressed envelope. Metropolitan Joseph Schmondiuk. * Full names and their correct English spellings must be provided. Two full-time elementary schools were established in 1913 by the Rev. * Persons who submit any materials must provide a phone number Volodymyr Spotlitakevych in Chester, where they may be reached during the work day if any additional Pa., and the Rev. Volodymyr Lotovych information is required. in Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Both, schools, , however, eventually folded. No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987

PRESS REVIEW Petro Hryhorovych Grigorenko:

Y. Luciuk wrote about Mr. Koch's memorial tributes The Phoenix Gazette imprisonment and his Nazi war crimes. on Demjanjuk "drama" Since 1959, Mr. Koch had been kept Following is the full text of a overcame this as well. under house arrest, but according to statement on the death of Gen, Petro Rights defense activity became for PHOENIX, Ariz. - "Justice appears Dr. Luciuk, rumors had circulated that Grigorenko issued by the External Petro Grigorenko a tangible expres­ to be taking a back seat to drama in conditions of his imprisonment were Representation of the Ukrainian sion of his strivings for justice. In Israel's trial of John Denrijanjuk, the not severe. Helsinki Group in New York on 1977 the authorities once again retired Cleveland autoworker accused "That Koch should have been so February 23. demonstrated their perfidy: having of sending 900,000 Jews to their deaths mercifully treated is surprising," wrote His life was complex and difficult. permitted Petro Grigorenko to travel as a Wor1d War II prison camp guard Dr. Luciuk, "for his direct involvement He grew up and reached adulthood to the United States for medical known as 'Ivan the Terrible.' " in crimes against humanity, and war under the Soviet regime, and tightly treatment, they stripped him of his So begins the February 25 editorial, crimes, is beyond dispute. interwove his fate with the regime's citizenship and forbade him to return "Justice and the Holocaust," of The "Under the Nazi occupation regime fate. Until the 1960s Petro Grigo- to his homeland. Phoenix Gazette. The editorial was he headed in Ukraine, over 750,000 renko's military career was very But he did not lay down his arms highly critical of how the state of Israel Ukrainian Jews were exterminated and successful due to his hard work — he before this force of evil. He con­ has been handling the trial of Mr. over 2.5 million Ukrainians were round­ went from an ordinary village boy to tinued to indefatigably defend the Demjanjuk thus far. ed up and deported as slave laborers to a major general in the Soviet Army. trampled rights of individuals and nations. "Being conducted in a converted the third Reich, where many of them However, having become con­ concert hall in Jerusalem, the trial is perished. What was of utmost importance vinced of the defects of the system for a nation, he beHeved, was to be taking on the trappings of theater more "Curiously, the Soviet Union never that he had faithfully served, Petro than courtroom. Spectators as well as asked for his extradition." rid of fear. But he was no less Grigorenko found within himself the concerned about what would replace witnesses are hurling emotional verdicts In light of his crimes, Dr. Luciuk courage to take a critical look at the of guilt at the defendant, who denies the asked how is it that "this major Nazi war this fear, what kind of spiritual system and his ro1e within it. As a atmosphere would arise in its place. charges and says he is a victim of criminal was allowed to spend nearly result, he saw that the Soviet regime mistaken identity. half his life...under reportedly com­ What would happen to the spirit, is not only defective, but criminal as which, having rid itself of fear, " 'You're a liar. You killed part of my fortable conditions? well — and he bravely spoke out family,' screamed a man in the gallery remains empty? He had the courage "Was it because, as the historian against the regime. on opening day. James Lucas has suggested, Koch knew to pose questions even when he did "There he is, there he is, there he is. where the Amber Room, looted by the The authorities did not accept his not have the answers. That is ivan the Treblinka,' cried the Nazis from the palace at Tsarske Selo, honest challenge. Petro Grigorenko The tragic and magnetic epitome first Holocaust victim to testify, і see near Leningrad was hidden? Or had was declared insane and underwent of the restless searcher and defender him every night. I dream about him Koch perhaps been a Soviet agent all seven years of forcible treatment in of justice, Petro Hryhorovych Gri­ each night. The memories are unforget­ along, planted early on in the ranks of psychiatric prisons - that is, the gorenko will remain for many an table. He is engraved in my memories.'" the National Socialist German Workers authorities attempted to destroy the example of virtue and responsibility Such is the "tearful outburst" of a Party, (NSDAP or Nazi) later to be human within him. But his will for the wor1d's fate. man who says he escaped from Tre­ specially employed in Ukraine where his blinka in 1943 during an inmate up­ brutalities repelled a population that Below is the full text of the U.S. followed, Grigorenko continued to rising. His statements "drew scattered had originally welcomed the Germans statement on the death of Gen. sense with a keen eye and a compas­ applause from spectators," The Gazette as liberators from the Soviet yoke?" Grigorenko that was made public in sionate heart the conditions under editorial stated. It continued: It is unlikely these questions will ever Vienna at the Helsinki Accords which people in the Soviet Union "One wonders here if the purpose of be answered as Mr. Koch was the last Review Conference on February 27. were liyipg. ,i^.ipij of,]^tegr^y ^njd^ this trial is not so much to convict and Nazi war criminal known to be alive, Last Saturday a great humanita­ strong conviction, 1he respqnded hang *Ivan the Terrible'as it is to remind Dr. Luciuk wrote. He continued: with honest protest. Grigorenko was the wor1d once again of the unspeakable rian, Gen. Petro Grigorenko, died in "The details of his career in Ukraine the United States. Gen. Grigorenko's determined that injustices of the past horrors of the Holocaust. A year ago, are, however, relatively well document­ should never be repeated, that the when Demjanjuk was extradited from life was closely linked with the ed. Considered by Hitler to be a loyal Helsinki process. A founding mem­ victimized rece;vc redress and that the United States, an Israeli attorney servitor, Erich Koch was appointed to human dignity be respected. indicated as much." ber of both the Moscow and Ukrai­ head the Reichskommissariat Ukraine nian Helsinki monitoring groups, Not only did Gen. Grigorenko Noting that 25 years has passed since in July 1941. In his inaugural speech think this, he said it and suffered Adolf Eichmann was convicted and Gen. Grigorenko championed many Koch described himself as a 'brutal dog' of the human-rights causes that the terrible consequences. He was deem­ hanged in Israel for his crimes against determined to implement the fuehrer's ed mad to have seen the truth and act humanity, chief prosecutor Gideon West has sought to advance at this colonial policies in Ukraine. He went on meeting. The proposals that the West upon it. After years of psychiatric Husner stated: "A new generation has to point out that his duty was to *suck confinement, in 1977 Gen. Grigo­ arisen. It is important that the young has put forward regarding Helsinki from Ukraine all the goods we can get monitors, the rights of persons in renko was permitted to leave the generation in Israel and in the wor1d be hold of, without consideration for the Soviet Union to join his son in the able to get a grasp of the atrocities of the confinement and psychiatric abuse, feelmg or the property of Ukrainians.' the rights of nadonal minorities — a11 United States. Shortly thereafter, he Holocaust." The Ukrainian people were, for Koch, was stripped of Soviet citizenship. In The Gazette responded: embody objectives for which Gen. *Negroes...who should be handled with Grigorenko fought. the United States, the general and his "The wor1d certainly must be remind­ the whip;' he observed that 'If I find a wife, Zinaida, continued their hu­ ed of the Holocuast, and of subsequent Ukrainian fit to sit at my table I must Gen. Grigorenko worked tirelessly to bring the plight of the Crimean manitarian work. genocide, if mankind ever is to make shoot him.' Grigorenko was of great height good on the promise, 'Never again.' If, "During his tenure Ukraine was Tatars to wor1d attenfion. Himself a victim of the cruel practice, Grigo­ and straight of bearing, befitting a however, this is the prime motive in the pillaged. As a United Nations Relief general. But his physical stature only Demjanjuk trial — andthe spectacle so and Rehabilitation Administration renko sought to bring about an end to the abuse of psychiatry for politi­ reflected the inner man, a man of far strongly suggests that it may be - report noted, the damage wrought in strength and courage, who stood tall any findings of guilt would be marred. Ukraine during the war was worse'than cal purposes. It was a blessing that the general lived long enough to see for what he believed. Ambassador "While the United States revoked any comparable destruction in western Zimmermann and other members of Demjanjuk's citizenship and handed Europe.' Soviet statistics published in the release from confinement of his old friends Crimean Tatar leader my delegation recall that when Ge;n. him over to the Israelis for trial, we the immediate postwar period indicate Grigorenko came to Madrid at the surely didn't intend for him to be treated that 714 Ukrainian cities were totally Mustafa Dzhemilev and of psychia­ trist Anatoly Koryagin. opening of our CSCE Review Confe­ as guilty unless he can prove himself destroyed, including some 2 million rence in 1980, he was by then well innocent," concluded The Phoenix major buildings and some 540,000 lesser Formerly a highly decorated So­ viet general, dedicated Communist advanced in years and s1ow of gait. Gazette. structures. According to the same Yet, he determinedly and pain­ Soviet sources between 40.0 percent and and a devoted patriot, Grigorenko distinguished himself in defense of stakingly made his way up to the Winnipeg Free Press 42.0 percent of the total damage suf­ podium at a press conference and fered by the USSR during the war took his homeland in the second wor1d war. It was this same acute sense of delivered a resounding address on on Ui(raine's/butciier'' place in Ukraine. More recently, Soviet the need for Helsinki compliance. historians had concluded that some 7.5 duty and service to country that WINNIPEG - Erich Koch, 90, the million Ukrainians perished under the eventually led him down the long and Another vivid image of Grigo­ former reichskommissar of Ukraine, Nazi occupation." difficult path to open dissent. He was renko comes to mind, a picture a dissident in the true sense of the described by his colleagues in the also known as *'The Butcher of U- Despite Soviet claims that they are Russian word (inakomyslyashchiy),, human-rights movement. It is six kraine," died in Barczewo, Poland, allies of the West in pursuing Nazi war meaning, one who thinks differently. o'clock in Pushkin Square on Consti­ recently. Captured in the West, he was criminals, "they made no effort to have As a young man, Gen. Grigorenko tution Day, December 5, 1976. A turned over to Poland in 1950, but was Koch extradited to stand trial for war watched in horror as the artificial small group of intrepid human-rights not tried for war crimes until 1959, and crimes." MilHons of Ukrainians were famine laid waste to his native Ukrai­ advocates has made their way to the then only for those committed while deprived of having a Nazi war criminal nian village and killed millions of his monument to remove their hats in gauleiter of East Prussia. Although he brought to justice, Dr. Luciuk stated. fellow countrymen. Having lived silent protest according to tradition. was sentenced to death in Poland in "An old, feeble man may have gone, through the terrible years of Stali­ Grigorenko's bald pate towers above 1959, he was spared because of '*ill peacefully, and unlamented, to his nism, he welcomed Khrushchev's call the little group. But, for the first time, health." grave. But, far more critically, what was for reform at the 20th Party Con­ the peaceful demonstration does not squandered was an opportunity to p1ace In an article which appeare;d in the gress. In the disappointinuears that (Continued on page 15) Winnipeg Free Press recently, Lubomyr (Continued on page 15) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 No.10

BOOK REVIEW

British forces. turning the Cossacks to the Soviets, all On Minister Harold Macmillan's roIe The Slovenes were fleeing from civil the while "concealing what he was doing war in Yugoslavia, anxious to reach the from the Foreign Office." in "mistaken" repatriations to USSR British before Tito's Communist parti­ Ukrainian readers will be drawn to sans caught them. The Cossacks, too, the pages where Mr. Tolstoy mentions The Minister and the Massacres by Nikolai Tolstoy. Century Hutchinson, 1986. would only surrender to the British, '*SS Galizien" which surrendered 399 pp. S29.93. knowing their certain fate if the Com­ around the same time as the White munists caught them. by Jeffrey D. Stephaniuk tion attributes the "mistaken" repatria­ Russians did. "SS Galizien" was not What the Slovenes, the Cossacks and given over to the Soviets, because they tion to the confusion, the haste of the the White Russians also had in com­ There were holocausts committed had taken the "sensible precaution of moment, and the following of orders. In mon was their alliance with the Ger­ during Wor1d War II, and there were claiming to be a Polish force." The only opposition to this, Mr. Tolstoy found mans, which would prejudice their war crimes committed as the surrenders explanation Mr. Tolstoy sees for the that the fate of those who put their trust position in the eyes of the West. The were being negotiated. Count Nikolai repatriation of one group but the release in the "so-called civilized and Christian Cossacks were anti-cpmmunists fight­ Tolstoy, in his seventh major publica­ to freedom of another group at this West" had been "planned and imple­ ing with the Germans for what they tion, presents his research on the time, is Mr. Macmillan's involvement. mented throughout with great care and viewed as the liberation of Russia from repatriation of some 40,000 Cossacks forethought in deliberate contravention Stalin. The Slovenian Home Guard co­ In the next chapters, the,surrenders, (Kuban and Don), and White Russians of orders from above," operated with the Germans in order to ^ the personalities, the massacres of to the Soviet Union in 1945. The "Minister" ЇП the title refers to obtain arms with which to fight against Croats and others by Tito, and the This book is his second on the topic of the one man the author implicates as the partisans, using fascist Italianwea- circumstances around the repatriation repatriation, addressing the unansv/ered being responsible for the unauthorized ponry. On this collaboration, Mr. are documented by Mr. Tolstoy. He questions from "The Victims of Yalta." repatriations and subsequent deaths. Tolstoy cautions that the context within repeats his conclusion that the British In total, more than 2 million refugees His name is Harold Macmillan, minister which they occurred be understood: and American governments had de­ who were stranded in British occupa­ resident in the Mediterranean in 1945. "International law accepts that civil clared that the Yugoslavs and the tion zones, or had given themselves up He is the man Mr. Tolstoy suspects, and authorities in occupied territory should Cossacks could not be repatriated to Her Majesty's or American forces to whom his research points, but Mr. continue their functions in accordance against their will. That they were were repatriated between 1944 and Tolstoy withholds final judgment, with the laws in force." repatriated meant that they were be­ 1947. choosing to present the material and let The troops that surrendered to the trayed to their deaths. In the process of The plight of the Cossacks and White the reader decide for himself. Mr. British and Americans were surprised to building his argument against the silent Russians was perplexing, because many Macmillan was still alive when Tolstoy find that there were no plans to fight British collaborators, Mr. Tolstoy also of them had never been Soviet citizens: was doing his research, but declined to against communism. The Slovenes, clears the names of others who may the terms of the Yalta Conference in be interviewed on all occasions. Thus, Cossacks and others were expecting to have been implicated. He also writes 1945 which decided the matter stated his side of the story and motives for his rest for a while under British protection, how the repatriation came to an end, that only Soviet citizens could be actions during the war can only be then all go off together to resume the saving some of the soldiers and civilians repatriated - willingly or forcibly. extrapolated from other sources. The battle. The British and Americans were who were supposed to be handed over. Further, their repatriation was in direct author feared that Mr. Macmillian equally surprised at the resistance to contradiction to the official British might take his secrets to the grave with Thus, Mr. Tolstoy presents an inves­ repatriation. The Americans knew tigative historian's account of bizzare proclamation on the matter: "...any him. This is what appears to be the case, nothing of the massacres of returned person who is not (repeat not) a Soviet as Mr. Macmillan died on December events during the eve of World War II. Russians by Soviet security forces, and He details the circumstances of the citizen under British law must not 29, 1986. what was known of the Soviet Union in (repeat not) be sent back to the Soviet repatriation, and seeks to answer the In regard to the sources which Mr. general came from sympathetic Allied question of who among the British Union unless he expressly desires to be propaganda. so." Many of the Cossacks and White Tolstoy bases his work on, he empha­ would do such a thing, especially since Russians emigrated at the time of the sizes the reliability of the "direct evi­ In a chapter on the beginning of the Soviets and the Yugoslavs had much Russian Revolution. dence" which fleshes out more fully his Macmillan's involvement, the author to gain, but the British had nothing to previous account, "The Victims of cites the minister's known accounts of gain. He concludes that former British A standard evaluation of the situa- Yalta." his involvement, and then proceeds to Prime Minister Macmillan set the Through narrative form, based on show their historical inaccuracies. At repatriated soldiers and civilians up for J^ffr^y D. Stephaniuk, a student at eyewitness reports of survivors, the this point, Mr. Tolstoy also elaborates what he himself knew awaited them: the University of Saskatchewan, holds a initial chapters of "The Minister and the on his notion that it was Macmillan, "To hand them over to the Russians is В.Л. in philosophy and a master's Massacres" explains how the various because of his "immense prestige," who condemning them to slavery, torture, degree in theology. refugees and troops surrendered to the swayed the other яlltЬnntifts into re­ and probably death." [Dr. Agaev has shown many foreign correspon­ Americans come from the point of compromise former Sovief... dents and some scholars this document, but has not (that is their tradition), so even if only one member had much response from either: He attributes this to from Jhe American delegation leans toward the (Continued from page 3) the West's indifference in openly challenging the Soviets' position, there develops a majority for the Agaev: People cannot know about these laws, but Soviet system . Soviets' case. must obey them — if you violate them, you are [Next the discussion turned to the difference in In that way the Soviets overcome the American punished. ideology and what effect that has on interpreting a delegation, and influence it. Huntwork: Do the lawyers know about these laws? phrase, such as the one which begins the ABA/ASL [The former dissidents agreed that the more one Agaev: No, unless you have clearance. Declaration of Cooperation — "Being mutually signs formal agreements with the Soviets, the more There's a totally secret system of special courts, pledged to advance the rule of law in the wor1d."] one is forced to justify their actions to be able to defend which should not exist according40 the Soviet Agaev: Lenin stated a revolutionary law, a perspec­ the agreement. The example of the Soviets being Constitution. There are secret lawyers, secret judges - tive, which said that one must do everything in the forced to resign from the International Psychiatric they get a government salary. All proceedings of these interest of the revolution, or in this case the party. It Association was given to show that Soviets need to courts are secret. comes out to the same thing. contact Western professional societies, and communi­ Huntwork: Would the perspective allow extermina­ cation will not suffer. They pointed out that there are There is an entire secret system of courts. Who still contacts between Western and Soviet psychiatric decides who goes where? There are no constitutional tion of people or deportation. Agaev: Yes. That is how they understand that law. professionals, without the West legitimizing torture provisions. Most people don't know about the secret through psychiatry.] system, even in the Soviet Union. Huntwork: Would they hesitate to lie, or is it a different concept? Huntwork: How can the ABA help those suffering [Agaev then discussed his own experiences with the Agaev: Both. They are shrewd. in the Soviet Union. secret system when he tried to sue in order to get his job Huntwork: So there is a linguistic distinction? Agaev: First, abrogate the agreement. Second, esta­ back.] Agaev: There are terms established by traditions of blish personal contacts with (genuine) Soviet lawyers. My job was not secret, but where I worked there democracy. We (in the West) think in relationship to Third, there must be involvement of American lawyers were several labs and one of them was considered civilized law. in dissident cases - it will help the dissidents and it secret by the regime, so the entire institute was Huntwork: To me, though, it is a lie (the Soviets' use will educate the American lawyers. Lastly, demand to considered secret. It a11 fell under the secret system. of language according to the revolutionary perspec­ attend dissident trials - one must get involved as The end of this story is very interesting. I refused to tive). I interpret it as a lie. directly as possible. go (to have my case heard) to the special court. I Ag^ev: The Soviets reserve the right to their own [Lastly, the group discussed the general effort of the actually did see the court, the address and the judge. I interpretation in regards to human rights or the rule of Soviet Union under General Secretary Mikhail asked him if he could show me the existence of his law. It is a lie for Americans - absolutely. Gorbachev to appeal to Western sensibilities. Dr. court, according to the Soviet Constitution. I asked Grivnina: Interpretations can change from year to Strokata felt, as did a11 of the discussion partici­ him, **What will I do with your decision, with your year, too. pants, that the apparent updating of the Communist papers? I have to know why you cxist;*' Strokata: (She discusses the reason some Americans system was merely cosmetic. She attributed their (He appealed his case to the Moscow City Court.) are so ill-equipped to negotiate or talk with official moves to the need for Western trade, technology and They refused to take jurisdiction over my case. So I Soviets.) the investment of Western capital in the Soviet have in my possession proof with the seal of ministry, Among the officials the regime sends, there are no economy.] the chairman of the Moscow City Court, which public disagreements. They will vote unanimously (if Strokata: For the West to go along with their (the referred me to the first department of my institute, necessary). Their ideas will j^U be the same, regardless Soviets') plans, the Soviet Union has to have a"human whicb is the. KGB. I have a paper that shows that such of the forum -:juridicai or non-juridical. They tire face" - Gorbachev is a human face. And the ABA is special courts exist. people out. They stubbornly adhere to one p6sitioh. helping create that Ьитад face. No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 Ukrainian scientist in forefront of AIDS research efforts shaking hands and even sharing eating by Natalie Sluzar utensils. After two years, although still inconclusive, the study revealed that WASHINGTON - AIDS (Acquired A1DS is not transmitted through these Immune Deficiency Syndrome), al­ daily, ordinary contacts. though a newly identified disease, has already been labeled by some as the Various major health centers through black plague of the 20th century. the United States are now recommend­ According to the National Center for ing that persons who are anticipating Disease Control in Atlanta, there are surgery bank their own blood for future about 29,000 persons who have AIDS use rather than risk the chance of in the U.S., 16,000 have already died getting A1DS through transfusion. from the disease, and another 2 million Although blood screening has mini­ persons are infected with the AIDS mized the risk of getting A1DS through virus. Worldwide, over 37,000 cases transfusions, it screens for only one have been reported to the Wor1d Health virus, while the potential for other Organization, with about 5 to 10 million A1DS viruses exists. persons infected. There is a general hysteria in the Playing a significant role in the global population about AIDS, although most research efforts on AIDS is U:krainian people believe that "it won't happen to microbiologist and epidemiologist Dr. me." The fear of AIDS has greatly Maria Motyl, associate director of the altered the casual "pick up" encoun­ Clinical Microbiology Laboratory at ters, and resulted in behavior modifica­ Montefiore Hospital, a 900-bed medical tions in people's sexual habits. The gay facility in the North Bronx. Dr. Motyl community has undertaken extensive divides her time between administrative education programs to prevent the and management responsibilities and spread of AIDS within their own research, the "best of two wor1ds," she community. says. Originally from New York City, Dr. As manager, she is responsible for a Motyl received her B.S. from the City staff of 45 technologists and other Dr. Maria Motyl at work. College of New York, and her Ph.D, personnel, prepares budgets and is a other viruses take advantage of the patients at Montefiore, it was found from Cornell University in microbio­ Haison with the hospital administration. person's weak, debilitated condition and that there was a different rate of infec­ logy. She did her post-doctoral work in In her research capacity, Dr. Motyl is attack. The victim's natural immune tion between men and women. About clinical microbiology at Mt. Sinai. 1n part of a research team on AIDS com­ system is no longer able to defend itself, 50 percent of AIDS patients succumb to addition to her research in microbio­ prised of physicians, nurses, techni­ succumbs to a multitude of infections mycoeacterium avium-intracellulare logy, Dr. Motyl did extensive research cians, A1DS patients and their families. and ultimately death. bacteria. Of those infected with this in virology, comp1eting her dissertation AIDS was first identified in the U.S. Certain segments of the population, bacteria 45 percent were males and 75 on the Venezuelan ensyphilitis infec­ as a unique phenomenon in 1981, when however, have been identified as being percent were women. The prognosis for tion, which infects horses but not numerous relatively young, healthy more susceptible to the AIDS virus than women was much worse than for men. people. men in the San Francisco area began to others. These include homosexual The study showed the necessity of Besides her busy research career, Dr. die from a series of infections and their males, drug addicts of both sexes, looking more closely at women's im­ Motyl is involved in several Ukrainian complications. The AIDS virus was persons having multiple sex partners mune systems, and a separate study is organizations included The Washing~ eventually identified (two wor1d re­ and those persons who have had blood now projected. tion Group, the Young Professionals at nowned research institutes claim credit transfusions. There is no cure for A1DS. 1n another study conducted by Dr. the Ukrainian 1nstitute and Club Suzie- for this discovery — the National Insti­ This past summer Dr. Motyl and her Motyl and her colleagues, numerous Q. She was also a member of the tute of Health in Washington, and the colleagues presented a paper in Paris to A1DS victims and their families were National P1ast Command and conti­ Pasteur Institute in Paris). an international conference on A1DS. closely monitored to determine if AIDS nues to be active in that organization, As the term AIDS implies, once a Their findings were both major and sur­ can be transmitted by various casual and is a member of Branch I94 of the person has the A1DS virus, certain prising. Through a study of A1DS contacts, such as kissing, hugging, Ukrainian National Association.

was not the photo previously seen on and his previous statements. Another the defense was, simply, "1 don't re­ Survivors\.. that card. example was Mr. Czarny's recollection member." (Continued froin page 1) Several questions were also asked of of an especially brutal German nick­ Treblinka barber testifies O'Connor said, yes. named Lalka (Do11). Lalka was "worse the witness by the judges. Judge Dalia Gustav Boraks, 85, a native of Poland 1n further questioning, Mr. Rosen­ than the 1nquisition and Khmelnytsky," Dorner asked which physical traits had who was a barber charged with shaving berg stated that he heard moans and led him to identify Mr. Demjanjuk. He the witness said. In 1965 Mr. Czarny screams from the gas chambers, while women's heads before they were gassed replied, "his mug, eyes, ears." had testified that Lalka was always at Treblinka, was called to testify on during his testimony in the previous accompanied by a dog named Bari, at week he had said that he. could not hear Third survivor testifies Wednesday, March 3. His recollections the current trial he did not recall the of the death camp turned out to be such sounds over the noise of the dog. muddled under questioning by both the generators and other machines. The third treblinka survivor to testify was Josef Czarny, 60, who spent 10 Mr. Czarny also testified that among prosecution and defense attorneys. Under cross-examination Mr. Ro­ others he remembered from Treblinka senberg acknowledged that he had months at the death camp; his three Like all the previous Treblinka sur­ sisters perished there. 1n his testimony were a German from America nick­ vivors, Mr. Boraks identified Mr. described "Ivan" to Israeli investiga­ named Amerikaner and the "chief tors as dark-skinned. Mr. O'Connor on Tuesday, March 3, Mr. Czarny Demjanjuk as '4van." He said he identified Mr. Demjanjuk as "1van the guard," Fedorenko. He said he saw recognized him by his "full face, high thanked him, nodding in the direction "1van," who was five to six years older of Mr. Demjanjuk, who is light-skinned Treblinka" after, looking at a photo forehead and small eyes." A day earlier, album and pointing to a 1951 photo of than him and recalled that he shot a girl with rosy cheeks. Mr. Czarny had said "1van" had large Mr. Demjanjuk. as she was attempting to escape over a eyes. In concluding his cross-examination, fence. Mr. O'Connor showed Mr. Rosenberg He told the court that he had first As did the previous three survivors, identified the former autoworker as About "1van" he said that this man Mr. Boraks admitted that the Israeli a photograph from the newspaper oversaw the generators, the gas cham­ MoIod Ukrainy, which is published in *'1van" in 1976 in testimony before witnesses had traveled together to Miriam Radiwker, having picked out bers, the motors. In answer to a ques­ various court proceedings, dined toget­ Ukraine, and asked if he recognized the tion about how he knew this, since he person. The witness said he did not. The his photo and that of Feodor Fedo- her and exchanged recollections of himself was a prisoner in the lower Treblinka, and that they were always photo was one that accompanied an renko from an album titled"Ukraine IA" camp, not the upper camp where "Ivan" escorted by two 1sraeli policemen, one article purportedly about John Dem­ (there is another album called "Ukraine IB"). was stationed, Mr. Czarny replied that of them always being Martin Kolar. janjuk and identified him as "bloody everyone knew this. He described Ivan" of Treblinka. The photograph It was revealed during the defense's Additional difficulty during Wednes­ cross-examination, however, that Mr. "1van" as follows: "Tall, broad, large day's sessions arose because Mr. Boraks appeared on a reproduction of the eyes, somewhat elongated face, very controversial Trawniki ID card, but it Czarny had not in fact picked out the testified in Yiddish. His remarks were Demjanjuk photo, but only identified it tall. He had a black, peaked cap with the then translated, in a highly unusual set­ to himself in his own mid. Yoram skull that was the insignia of the SS. He up, by Judge Zvi ТаI into Hebrew. Correction Sheftel, the defense co-counsel, re­ had a belt across his chest with a pistol." These, in turn, were translated into Mr. Czarny could not recall under In "Ukrainians provide three-bass hit minded the witness that he had testified English for Mr. O'Connor and into twice on September 21, I976, before cross-examination that he had once Ukrainian for the defendant. Several mt the Met," it was incorreclly stated testified that he wore a yellow ribbon that Sergei Kopchak will sing in next Ms. Radiwker, and that at ! p.m. he misunderstandings occurred as a result and knew his prisoner's number. season's production of "Macbeth." The identified only Mr. Fedorenko. Later, of this arrangement. During his testimony Mr. Czarny Ukrainian singer who is scheduled to at 2:30 p.m., he identified "Ivan." (Ms. For example, Mr. O'Connor queried appear in "Macbeth" is tenor Viache- Radiwker is slated to be called as a also described the round-up of Jews in the witness about a guard named Suk- slav Polosov, from the Black Sea town witness for the prosecution.) the Warsaw ghetto and the trip to the homil who, according to Mr. Boraks, of Zhdanov, Ukraine, who made his The defense succeeded in bring out death camp with people crammed inside had saved him from death. Mr. O'Con­ Met debut last summer as Pinkerton in various other inconsistencies between boxcars. nor asked whether the witness would be "Madame Butterfly." the testimony of Mr. Czarny on that day His response to many questions from (Continued on page 16) 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 No.10

about the necessity of "banks of the and the International Chamber of Cooperative spirit: an overview people, by the people, and for the Commerce. He was a progressive re­ people," which would help independent former who believed that new ap­ of the credit union movement craftsmen, reduce conflict between proaches were necessary to solve old by Tamara Denysenko Delitz^ch, expounded on the ideals at capital and labor and provide non­ problems. the University of Padua and in 1866 usurious credit to the average man. The movement did not receive popu­ Part II of a four-part series opened the first cooperative bank in Cooperatives became permenantly lar acceptance or experience any sub­ Milan. Working capital was provided established on the North American stantial growth until the mid-1920s and The cooperative ideals of self-help, from small shares and deposits, officers continent first in Canada through the then mostly through the dedicated and self-sufficiency, member control, pro­ worked without compensation. The activities of Alphonse Desjardins, a constant moral and financial support of ductivity and thrift, promulgated by principle of "character credit" was journalist from Levis, on the St. Law­ Filene. Seeing that the U.S. cooperative Reiffeison for farmers and by Schulze- closely adhered to in the lending opera­ rence River. He became a firm believer credit movement was stagnating, ex­ Delitzsch for urban craftsmen and mer­ tions. The bank's motto was "capitaliza­ in cooperative banking after observing periencing public scepticism, facing chants, made a significant impact on tion of honesty" and by 1909 it was the the devastating effect of high-rate increased hostility from state bank many European countries. largest banking institution in Italy. money lenders and loan sharks on the commissioners and various financial average wage-earner. He was deter­ institutions, Filene searched for the In Italy, Luizi Luzzatti, greatly The Austrians organized their first attracted bv the ideals of Schulze- mined to establish a self-help associa­ man who would revitalize the move­ cooperative in 1858 and the farmers of tion when he learned of individuals ment and spearhead its organizational Tamara Denysenko is editor of Cre­ France had several cooperative societies being charged 1200 percent interest on work. Such a man was Roy F. Bergen- dit Union Opinion (Kooperatyvna in the latter part of the 19th century. small loanSi gren. Try buna), a magazine published by the Surprisingly, in England the coopera­ The "LaCaisse Populaire de Levis" An attorney by profession, Bergen- Rochester Ukrainian Federal Credit tives were not very popular despite the was organized by Desjardins on Ja­ gren, the son of a Swedish immigrant Union, efforts of Henry W. Wolff, chairman of nuary 23, 1901. Its goal was to en­ physician, was drawn to the humanita­ This overview is based on documen" the International Cooperative Alliance courage economy and financial respon­ rian aspect of the movement. In 1920 he tation compiled by: IIlia Vytanovych, and a strong advocate of cooperative sibility, promote Christian and humane embarked with Filene's financial back­ Ph,D, in the History of Ukrainian Co­ banking. values, combat usury, provide capital ing, on a mission to bring credit unions operative Movement," published by The "cooperative spirit" first reached for 1ocaI individuals and their enter­ into the stream of American economic the Ukrainian Economic Advisory the United States in 1864. German prises and to help borrowers achieve life. His first success was the establish­ Association, New York, 1964; J, Carroll craftsmen, enthusiasts of Schulze- economic independence through self­ ment of the Massachusetts Credit Moody, Gilbert C. Fite, "The Credit Delitzsch, organized "Arbeiter-Bund" help. Members subscribed to a S5 initial Union League, and then the organiza­ Union Movement Origins and Develop­ societies in New York City. These share and members in "'good standing" tion of the Credit Union National ment, 1850-1970,'* published by Univer­ inspired political economists and so­ received loans at 8 percent and savings Extension Bureau — a forerunner of the sity of Nebraska, 197L cially conscious individuals to write earned 4 percent. present-day Credit Union National The philosophy of cooperative credit Association (CUNA). LEHIGH VALLEY, PENNA. DISTRICT СОММІПЕЕ was popularized in the United States by Bergengren believed that credit unions UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Pierre Jay and Edward Albert Filene, represented the best principles of both of Boston, Mass. However, the Americanism and that their primary announces first credit union was established by purpose was to help alleviate poverty, Alphonse Desjardins, the great coope- promote *'applied" democracy, aid ANNUAL MEETING rator from Canada^ at St. Mary's citizens in achieving a better life and Catholic Church parish in Manchaster, contribute to strengthening the nation's OF THE N.H., on November 22, 1902. economy by encouraging thrift and dis­ Pierre Jay, a direct descendent of couraging usury. John Jay, the first chief justice of the He did not, however, see credit DISTRICT COMMITTEE U.S. Supreme Court, upon reading unions as an integral part of the entire ..,.;:;:і~: ; will tie neIeI HentyW6ifTs 'Теор1емі Banks?4n 1906 cooperative movement, only as a began promoting the credit union supplement to it, because they were a on Sunday, March 15,1987 at 2:00 p.m. movement in Massachusetts. He type of banking institutions and had to at the achieved the passage of the first state fulfill their duties in a businesslike and credit union act in the State April 15, Ukrainian Catholic Church, 1826 Kenmore Avenue, Bethlehem, Pa. conservative manner. 1909. It defined a credit union as a The Great Depression, ironically, AGENDA FOR MEETING: "cooperative association formed for the helped the credit union movement. 1. Opening of meeting purpose of promoting thrift among its Numerous bank failures, industrial 2. Election of presidium members." stagnation and widespread unemploy­ 3. Reading of Minutes of Prior Annual Meeting The most influential promoter was ment shook the public's faith in esta­ 4. Reports of outgoing officers and auditing Committee Edward Filene, a wealthy Jewish de­ blished institutions and increased the 5. Discussion of reports partment store owner who shared a desire to try new systems and ap­ 6. Granting of vote of confidence to outgoing officers deep concern for others and for whom proaches. 7. Election of Officers and auditing Committee for 1987 business and public service consumed During this period Bergengren help­ 8. Address by Supreme President DR. JOHN 0. FLIS his life. He, was not only the '*father" of ed establish credit union laws in most 9. Acceptance of plan of work for 1987 the American credit union movement, states, promoted effective leagues, set 10. Miscellaneous - Questions and discussion but was also instrumental in organizing up organizational district offices and 11. Adjournment of meeting Jthe Boston Chamber of Commerce and most importantly worked for the pas­ /nwfed & obligated to attend, are officers of f/?e District Committee and convention later the U.S. Chamber of Commerce sage of a federal credit union bill. delegates of f/?e following Brancties It was signed into law by President Orders taken now for 44, 46, 47, 48,124, 137, 143, 147,151, 288, 318, 369, and 438 Franklin D. Roosevelt June 26, 1934, PYSANKA: after intense lobbying and finally Present at the meeting will be: through the personal intervention of THE UKRAINIAN Filene. The Federal Credit Union Act Dr. John 0. FliS, UNA Supreme President EASTER E6G - recognized credit unions as non-profit, Anna HaraSp UNA supreme Advisor Slavko Nowytski's democratically controlled self-help Reception will follow. award-winning film, now available for the societies and among other provisions first time on V2'm. videocassette for exempted them from taxation. FOR THE DISTRICT СОММІПЕЕ: S39.95 + S3 handling & shipping. Bergengren's organizational skills Michael Kolodrub Anna Haras Anna Pypluk Order from: also led to the establishment of the Honorary Chairman President Honorary Chairman Nowytski & Associates Credit Union National Association 245 East 6th Street (CUNA) whose principal purpose was AnnaStrot Walter Zagwodsky Stefan Mucha St. Paul, Minn. 55101 Secretary-Englistj Treasurer Secretary-Ukrainian to foster the movement and to siipport Prepaid orders onjy. its expansion abroad. Madison, Wise., Specify VHS or Beta. became CUNA's headquarters in 1935, 16mm film version still available and Bergengren served as its managing atS289 + S5. Ukrainian National Association director from 1934 to 1945. SEEKS TO HIRE PART TIME AND FULL TIME Experienced Diplomat American Board of Family Practice; INSURANCE AGENTS or GENERAL AGENTS - fluent in Ukrainian and English: Д-Р ПЕТРО АНДРІЙ PIBEC Toronto, Winnipeg, Montreal, and other areas (Український лікар) Leads supplied -salary not draw - plus override - all benefits. Write or telephone: PETER A. RIVES, M.D. Ukrainian National Association, Inc. FAMILY MEDICINE 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N. J. 07302 78 Amboy Avenue Tel.; (201) 4512200 Metuchen, N. J. 08840 (201)548-4365 No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987

Receives award Presents seminar for patriotism Notes on people on Soviet policy WASHINGTON - Dr. Michael S. WASHINGTON - Prof. Bohdan R. Pap of John Carroll University received Bociurkiw of Carleton University in a national patriotism award from USIC School essay Ottawa, presented a seminar lecture on Educational Foundation October 30 in December 15, 1986, at the Kennan Cleveland. cited by teachers Institute of the Woodrow Wilson Inter­ Dr. Pap is director of the Institute for TROY, N.Y. - Seven-year-old national Center for Scholars. Soviet and East European Studies at Christian Spiak was chosen last year to He spoke on "Soviet Religious Policy John Carroll University, where he has be the only student from the entire Troy under Gorbachev and the Approaching been professor of history since 1958. School District to have his essay on the Millennium of Christianization of The award is the American Values Statue of Liberty submitted as entry in a Rus'." Award, given annually to an Araerican nationwide contest held on the occasion Dr. Bociurkiw is a member of UNA citizen who has shown an outstanding of Lady Liberty's Centennial. Branch 492. commitment to advancing and protect­ Christian, a second-grader at Public ing the values of our free society. School 16, wrote that the Statue of Michael Pap is the fourth recipient of Liberty symbolizes freedom. Pilots solo the American Values Award. He is a nationally-known lecturer on demo­ "My grandparents came to America air flight cracy and totaHtarianism, Soviet dis­ from Ukraine, and when they saw the statue they cried because they had PRINCETON, N.J. - Christopher sent, American-Soviet relations, and Michael L. Hanuszczak ethnicity in America. In 1985, his found a free country. We should thank Otrok, a junior at The Hun School here, institute celebrated its 25th anniversary. Mr. Hanuszczak is a member of the God and be proud to live in a country recently celebrated his 16th birthday by Born in the Carpatho-Ukraiirie, Dr. American New York State and Onon­ that is free," he wrote. piloting his first solo airplane flight. Pap graduated from Heidelberg Uni­ daga County Bar associations. He holds The essay was an assignment given to The teenager is also on the schoors versity in Germany in 1948, and became a 3.D, degree from the State University students from kindergarten through cross country team. At a recent meet he a U.S. citizen in 1952. He was professor of New York at Buffalo. sixth grade. Christian's essay was sent led his team to victory over George of political science at the University of He is a member of UNA Branch 127 to the contest sponsors in New York by School by comp1eting a 2.8-mile course Notre Dame from 1950 to 1958. in Buffalo and the Ukrainian American the Troy School District. in 16:15. Dr. Pap is currently president of the Youth Association (SUM-A). He is a He is the grandson of Michael Otrok, Ukrainian American Association of former recipient of UNA scholarships. At the end of July, Christian and his secretary of UNA Branch 14 in Newark, University Professors, trustee for the His parents are Dmytro and Eva parents, Jacob and Daria Spiak, visited N.J., and is himself a member of that Cleveland Chapter of the National Hanuszczak. He and his wife, Mona, the Statue of Liberty. branch. - H;-'H"iJ Conference of Christians and Jews, have a son, Peter. The entire Spiak family, as well as member of the Cleveland/Cuyahoga Christian's grandparents, Eugene and Notes on People is a feature geared toward reporting on the achievements County Private Industry Council, and Anna Nabolotny, are members of UNA of members of the Ukrainian National Executive Committeman of the Na­ Selected miss Branch 191. Christian is also a student at the local Association. All submissions should be tionalities Movement of Cleveland. In concise due to space limitations and 1972-74, Dr. Pap was director of the at state fair school of Ukrainian studies as well as the St. Nicholas Parish religious educa­ must include the person *s UNA branch Department of Human Resources and number. Items will be published as soon Economic Development for the City of tion program. He is active in SUM-A and the Zorepad dance ensemble direct­ as possible after their receipt, when Cleveland. space permits. He is the recipient of the Shevchenko ed by Roma Pryma Bohachevsky. Freedom Award, Cleveland'|s Most Outstanding Naturalized Citizen FEBRUARY-MARCH - FUND-RAISING Award, and the John Carroll University Distinguished Faculty Award. MONTHS FOR UKRAINIAN COMMUNITY FUND The Washington-based USIC Educa­ Dear community members, Ukrainians in the U.S.: tional Foundation, established in 1967, The brutal repression and great suffering endured by our nation in is a private, non-profit organization Ukraine, including the horrible aftereffects of radiation following the nuclear that promotes and defends traditional disaster in Chornobyl, as well as the mighty campaign of enemy forces, the economic principles and the national defamation of our name and accusations of alleged war crimes, demand from values that support them. It is primarily us a consolidation of all our national forces to pounteract this slander. concerned with bringing to college In the face of such a hopeless situation, the Ukrainian American campuses and the media an understand­ Coordinating Council has always stressed the need for one strong central ing of private enterprise, individual organization of Ukrainians in the United States and has worked toward the liberty, and the traditional values that realization of this goal. Unfortunately, through no fault of the UACC, these underlie our society. attempts have thus far been fruitless. Dr. Pap is a member of UNA Bran­ ches 328 and 364. The UACC has studied the possibilities of establishing, on the basis of the Canadian experience, a special committee which would take charge of gathering materials and mustering the appropriate manpower to prepare an analysis of the Ukrainian immigration to the United States and publish its findings. The UACC cooperated in the efforts to gain New York State Education Department approval of a volume on genocide that contains information about the Great Famine in Ukraine, and which will be incorporated into the Tanya Osadchuk curriculum of schools in the state of New York. The UACC executive committee actively participates in the work of the CHERRY HILL, N.J. ~ The New National Committee to Commemorate the Millennium of Christianity in Jersey State Fair, the largest fair of its Ukraine. kind in the country, was highlighted by In external political matters, the executive continued its contacts with the Miss New Jersey State Fair Beauty government officials as well as ethnic organizations, and supported those Pageant. Eighteen girls, representing policies which benefitted the Captive Nations and especially Ukraine. the different counties in the state, were judged on their beauty, poise, a ques- The executive committee made interventions in regard to the U.S. tion-and-answer session, and a bathing Consulate in Kiev and supported actions of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group. A suit and evening gown competition held representative of the UACC participated, within the delegation led by the on stage. Wor1d Congress of Free Ukrainians, in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe that opened in November 1986 in Vienna. The winner was Tanya Anna Osad­ 1n order to enable the UACC to continue fulfilling its goals, as well as its chuk, 18, of North Wildwood, N.J.The Dr. Michael S. Pap financial obligation toward the WCFU, which amounts to S37,500, the prizes included S50O and a modeling executive committee thanks all its past supporters and appeals to the public to scholarship. continue supporting the Ukrainian Community Fund established three years The new winner toured the fair ago to help cover the costs of UACC activity. Teaches courses grounds the following day with New Jersey Gov. Tom Kean, and greeted The Ukrainian Community Fund dues are as follows: S25O from national on business law many dignitaries in the following days, organizations; S5O from their branches; S25 from employed persons; S15 from among them Attorney General W. Gary retired persons; S5 from students. BUFFALO, N.Y. ~ Michael L. We ask that, if feasible, you contribute more than these minimal sums. Hanuszczak, a former resident of Buf­ Edwards, as well as other heads of the different departments in the state. Checks should be made payable to Ukrainian American Coordinating falo is now an attorney associated with Council, and mailed to: the firm of Rinaldi and Rinaldi, P.C, in Miss Osadchuk is a member of UNA Syracuse, N.Y., in addition to being an Branch 172 of which her grandfather, UKRAINIAN AMERICAN COORDINATING COUNCIL adjunct professor at Onondaga Com­ William Osadchuk of Whippany, N.J., 142 Second Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003 is secretary. munity College. He teaches business UACC Executive Committee law. The State Fair was held last fall. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY^ SUNDAY, MARCH 8/1987 No. 10

answered that everyone in her village was starving to kulak peasants. for the record... death, that she had no one and nowhere to go. Upon his arrival in the country, he found the entire (Continued from page 5) She looked so pitiful that my husband told her to village starving to death. In horror, he immediately peasants who fled from the famine. They dug those follow him. He brought her to our apartment where wired the Central Committee saying, "The village is holes in the ground and lived there with their families, our cook took her to the kitchen and offered her some starving. We must send food there, not confiscate it perhaps hundreds of them. They survived by catching food. The young woman burst out crying and from the peasants." fish. Many of them came from far away. It was late confessed that she had not had any food for four days. 1n response, the party officials ordered Khvyliovy to summer, and the peasants wanted to find out how the We washed and scrubbed her, gave her some clothes return from his assignment. When he arrived in crops which they planted earlier were doing. and let her stay with us. Kharkiv, he was told that everything proceeded They sent their scouts to their native villages. The The poor woman was beside herself with joy and according to the party directive. Within a short time scouts returned with the news that the crops were tried to show her appreciation in every way she could, thereafter, Khvyliovy committed suicide. [Mykola excellent, but that there was no one left to harvest doing all kinds of chores around the house. She Khvyliovy, the most popular Soviet Ukrainian writer them. However, the authorities have brought the literally worshipped my husband. She stayed with us of the 1920s, committed suicide to protest the factory workers from cities, and had imported for six months, and then my husband found her work artifically-created famine in May 1933. - Famine Russians to do the harvesting for them. So far as I in some factory. Commission staff.] know, those dug-out dwellers were not discovered by This woman was not the only person my husband In 1933, my husband was arrested and our family the authorities and were saved. managed to save. There were many others. Being the was exiled from Ukraine. We settled in Kalinin, a city One day that summer, my husband was returning head and founder of the Peasant Writers Association north of Moscow. There the local people were from work. He worked as the editor-in-chief at the called Pluh, The Plough, he was aware that most astonished to hear my story about the famine in State Publishing House. We lived in the cooperative members of his organization tried to help their Ukraine. "How could that be," they said, "when we see apartment building called Slovo, The Word, [The starving relatives in the villages, and he gave them Ukrainian bread and sugar being sold in our stores?" Slovo building was reserved for the most prominent assistance in every possible way, especially by finding Communist writers in the Ukrainian SSR. — Famine jobs for those peasants. Equally amazed were my friends in Moscow. "So Commission staff.] on the outskirts of town. There As a party member, my husband had firsthand that's why we saw all those Ukrainian peasants was a small marketplace nearby. knowledge of the open protest against the man-made wandering in the streets of Moscow. We were all Passing through it, my husband noticed a young famine by the communist writer Mykola Khvyliovy. puzzled by what was going on," they told me. woman wandering aimlessly and looking lost. She had Khvyliovy had asked the party to dispatch him to the I never thought I would live to hear that anyone nothing on but a long peasant skirt and was barefoot. country to help confiscate the grain, believing that the could claim that the so-called famine never took place He asked her what she was looking for, and she grain was being withheld by the stubborn wealthy in Ukraine in 1932. rfffwyfWMftwiaaftautfmflmtftMiiyfWflivffivttyflfttfftaRfflH THE PERFECT GIFT I A NEW BOOK GOLD TRIDENT HAWAIIAN ORDEAL UKRAINIAN CONTRACT WORKERS JEWELRY 1897 - 1910 from By M. EWANCHUK AVAILABLE IN "SVOBODA" BOOKSTORE EMBLEMS OF THE WORLD Order Autographed copies from Price S13.95 P.O. Box 2224 Ventnor. N.J. 08406 ij Toll free 1800-872-3600 \ 828 Borebank, Winnipeg, Man. R3N 1G4, Canada Send for free brochure ^щаш^ With these twenty-five maps, each accornpanied b^ notes, scholars and students of Ukraine as well as eastern Еиюре and the Soviet Union, will find a concise history of lands UKRAINE A Historical Atlas within both the present-day Ukrainian Soviet Socialist PAUL ROBERT MAGOCSl Geoffrey J Mallhe^^i. canographer Republic and contiguous areas where Ukrainians live. For the growing number of university faculty and secondary school teachers responsible for courses in Ukrainian studies, Ukraine: A Historical Atlas provides a basic too1 that has been needed for a long time. Maps 3 through 24 are arranged in chronological order so that the administrative changes ex­ perienced by Ukraine can be easily followed. The history of Ukraine is long and complex. There have been border shifts, name changes, and domination by a series of foreign powers, whether the Scythians, Khazars, and Mongols in earlier times, or Poland, the Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary, or Russia more recently. 1n part, because of such external realities, Ukrainian territories have had many names. Rus', Ruthenia, and Little Russia were used in older days. The name Ukraine, first used in the sixteenth century to designate a specific territory, was maintained during the seventeenth century by the Cossack state and again adopted in the twentieth century, especially following the struggle for independent statehood after World War 1. For the first time in this book, students will find a clear visual presentation, with maps of superb quality, of the many changes that have beset Ukrainian lands from earliest times ORDER FORM to the present. Please send me: PAUL ROBERT MAGOCSl is Professor, Department of History, „ - copy(ies) UKRAINE: A HISTORICAL ATLAS, Department of Political Science, and Chair of Ukrainian Studies, University of Toronto. He is the author of eight, cloth edition @ S35.00 (0-8020-3428-4) books and numerous articles. His books include The Shaping of a National Identitif: Suhcarpathian Riis \ 1848-І948 and Galicia: A Historical Survey and Bibliographic Guide. TOTAL GEOFFREY j. MATTHEWS is chief cartographer of the Department of Geography, University of Toronto. He is the NAMH (PI^INT) STREET cartographic designer of the internationally award winning Economic Atlas 6f Ontario, and also of the forthcoming multivolume Historical Atlas ofCamda. Cm' PROVINCE/STATE

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64 pp / ІЗУ2 X 9 inches Please mail to: Chair Publications, 484 Clendendn Avenue, Toronto Canada M6P2X6 Orders should be accompanied by cheque or mone)' order. Orders outside Canada in U.S. funds. No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8,1987 13

Binghamton community recalls children in Ukraine NeWly decorated 4 extra large MODERN R0OMS by Maria K. Zobniw Ukraine, especially for children of sured. The children of Sacred Heart Duplex in 2 family house, heated, Ш Ukrainian political prisoners and chil­ parish decided to bring attention tp the baths, yard & patio, excellent neifh- borhood, 3 short blocks from Path. BINGHAMTON, N.Y. - On Ja­ dren who had suffered in the nuclear tragic plight of Ukraine by focusing on S650.0O. Bus. coupIe preferred. Eve. nuary 6, in order to spiritually unite on disaster in Chornobyl, Ukraine. the children of Ukrainian political Tues-Fri. 7-9 p.m.. (201)) 332-08211 Christmas Eve with Ukrainians in While parents, parishioners and prisoners who are deprived of the care Ukraine, Vlodia Zalusky of the Bing­ children sang carols, candles were lit and nurturing of their parents, and on ^^4b-^*b-^*^'^*b'^*^:s:*b-^*^'^**'^*^^^^ hamton Ukrainian Youth Association around the trees for all those in Ukraine the children who suffered and will of America (SUM-A) branch organized who were not able to light Christmas continue to suffer the effects of the I HUCULKA [| the children of Sacred Heart Ukrainian candles on Christmas Eve. nuclear disaster in Chornobyl, U- Icon & Souvenir's Distribution Catholic Church for a special Christmas The local press and TV stations had kraine.'' 2S6O Buhre Ave. #2R event. been invited to cover the event and The local newspaper carried a story Bronx, N.Y. 10461 during a TV interview Mrs. Zalusky and picture of the event. The story Tel.: (212) 93M57S after 6 p.m. Representative and wholesa(er of embroidered Ш On that evening a11 the children explained why such an event had been described Ukrainian Christmas tradi­ bIouses for adults and children. gathered outside Sacred Heart Ukrai­ planned: tions and carried a photo of the chil­ I Embroider8d bIouse - an excellent gift for nian Catholic Church. Two Christmas "Since children are a nation's re­ dren singing carols against the back­ celebrating the 1000 year Christianity in Ukraine. I trees were decorated with Christmas source and hope of continuity for the ground of Sacred Heart Ukrainian cards symbolically meant for children in future, they should be especially trea­ Catholic Church. .„.,. .Ji

УКРАЇНСЬКЕ БЮРО PARIS France - Prices includes round trip S699.0O transportation to/from Kennedy arpt., May 14-22 9 Days ПОДОРОЖЕЙ transfers, accommodations for 7 nights Марійки Гельбіґ \n firstclass hotel. (15% sr. chrg. adtl.) Escort: Stefa Chaplynsky scope t.rzckuel іпс M (201) 371-4004 ш 845 Sanford Ave., Newark, N.J. 07106 TOLL FREE - 1-800-242-7267 Alaska Land/cruise tour. Includes Anchorage, S2065.0O May 26 - Jun. 4 McKlnley, Fairbanks, Whitehourse, Skagway and Lynn Canal. Cruise from 10 Days 1987 ТУРИ в УКРАЇНУ 1987 Juneau to Vancouver via Glacier Bay

S135000 and Sitka on Holland American Lines. A LV0VIANKAI S1250O BUDAPEST Single SupI. All Superior firstclass accommodations. BUDAPEST/SPA Rail and coach transp. included. 1ft MARIJKA HELBIG TREATMENTS/Option Escort: Christine Stasiuk-Bonacorsa LV0VIANKA II 13 Days (IT6SR1EWR018)

S1550.0O C PODOLANKAI S200.0O 3 НАГОДИ 950-ЛІТТЯ ВІДАННЯ УКРАЇНИ ПІД -Single SupI. )IІ CHRISTINE SOCHOCKY ПОКРОВ МАТЕРІ БОЖОЇ ЯРОСЛАВОМ МУДРИМ May 20-31 May 21-22 S1625.0O D ZOZUUAI May 23-27 S150.0O (IТ6ІН107І6) May 27-31 Single SupI. May 31-June 3 Fatima/Lourdes Lisbon, Fatima, Salamanca, Madrid, S1900.0O Jul. 29 - Aug. 14 Burgos, Lourdes and Barcelona. Air May 28-June 14 S1825.0O from N.Y.C. E BANOURAI S250.0O transportation via KLM Airlines, superior 18 Days (IT6SR1EWR020) KIEV/KANIV Single SupI escort HALIA BARTK1W TERNOPIL firstclass htls, breakfast/dinner daily S2010.0O BUDAPEST (lunch incI. in Lourdes). Sightseeing from CHI F RUSALKAt and entrance fees. Taxes and tipping. (IT6SR1EWR021) YALTA 17Days KIEV/KANIV Escort: Stefa Chaplynsky and ZURICH (overnight) Rev. Mitrat M. Butrynsky G POLTAVKA June 19-July 12 (IT6SRIEWR022) June26-29­ escort MARTA KOLOMAYETS June 29-July 1 POLTAVA (Opishnia/ July 2-6 Reshetyhvka Bukovyna Romania/Hungary/Chech'4^Av'?xІV?/ S2100.0O KIEV/KANIV LUCERNE Aug. 19 - Sep. 6 Austria special conceiOration in itinerary from NYC S20000O on visiting Ukr. communities in norther H HALYCHANKA Lufthan5a S2500O 18 Days (1T6LH10717) Single SupI. , Romania: Kimpulung/Argel/Radivtsi. irt MOTRIA TYMKIW Slovakia: Priashiv and Bardejev - enjoy S2210.0O the beauty of High Tatras in Vysoky Smo- from CHI BUDAPESi" S2400 0O J RIDNA MANDRIVKA CLUJ covec. Prague and Vienna - CentraI 19 Days (IT6SR1EWR023) SUCAEVA Single SupI. CHERNIVTSI European capitals. Rate includes; air KAMIANETS PODILSKY VINNITSIA transportation NYC/Bucharest -

RIVNE Vienna/NYC via KLM Airlines, first class

NOTE: htls, breakfast/dinners, city tours, en­ Tour Participation Limited to Youth from 17 trance fees, opera performance, folkloric shows, private bus transportation and July 2-19 BUDAPEST July 3-4 K BANDURA II July 5-10 S250.0O visa costs. (IT6SR1EWR024) KIEV/KANIV July 10-13 Single SupI. escort HALYNA HORBOWYJ TERNOPIL July 14-17 Escorts: Marijka Helbig and BUDAPEST July 18-19 Oresta Fedyniak. July 8-29 BUDAPEST July 9-10 S2150.0O L DANCE WORKSHOP LVIV July 11-16 22 Days (IT6SR- EWR025) KIEV/KANIV July 17-19 Single SupI escort STEFA CHAPLYNSKY LVIV July 20-25 ' VIENNA July 26-29 SPECIAL INTEREST TOURS July 8-23 BUDAPEST July 9-10 S19000O M KALYNA Swissair LVIV July 11-13 S275.0O 16 Days (IT6SRIEWR026) KIEV/KANIV July 13-17 Single SupI. escort OLHA PON0S LVIV July 17-19 RIDNA MANDRIVKA UKRAINIAN DANCE WORKSHOP VIENNA July 20-23

July 14-28 BUDAPEST July 15-16 S1700,0O N PODOLANKA II July 17-22 S2000O (IT6SR1EWR027) TERNOPIL July 23-26 Single SupI. YOUTH BUS TOUR OF UKRAINE 12 DAYS IN LVIV escort ULANA SMERECZYNSKY BUDAPEST July 27-28 Toronto Dept. S1600.0O JUNE26-JULY20 JULY 8-29 July 23-August 9 BUDAPEST July 24-25 S2000.00 0 RUSALKA II TERNOPIL July 26-29 S2500O ESCORT: Christine KOWCH and 18 Days (IT6LH10718) July 29-August 2 Single SupI. ESCORT: Balerina Stefa CHAPLYNSKY escort STEFA WOWKOWYCH August 5-9 Roman LEWYCKY (NOTE: Participation limited to ,,intermediate and

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been a deliberate provocation. Andrij Bilyk of the National Millen­ Myroslav Medvid... The Izvestia article is cleverly I\/at/onal /И///епп/ит...nium Committee added, "We talked to (Continued from page 1) written, and it appears that Mr. (Continued from page 3) so many interested people, and we have Medvid is alive and well, the corres­ Medvid is alive and healthy. But did not even exist in 988. Russian their addresses so we can follow up by pondent brought up again what he some questions arise nevertheless. Orthodoxy is the only tolerated reli­ sending more information." described as "the anti-Soviet show For example, were the injuries that gion and is used by the Soviet govern­ One of the visitors to the booth and a that occurred in the United States necessitated the "complex opera­ ment to suppress otherChurches and to participant at the workshops on inter­ around his name,"Mr. Medvid'sface tion" during Mr. Medvid's hospitali- give the impression of freedom of national broadcasting was Pastor 01exa darkened, he writes, before he re­ zation evident to the U.S. authorities religion. Ukrainian Catholics, Ortho­ Harbuziuk, head of the Ukrainian plied: who questioned him at length? This dox and Protestants have been brutally Evangelical Baptist Church. He says he "At this time I wrote to these trans- should be relatively easy to answer. persecuted for the entire history of the was "thrilled" to see the booth. Pastor Altantic mourners over my 'sad fate,' Second, isn't there a significant USSR and these religions continue to Harbuziuk has had Ukrainian-language so that they would leave me in peace. difference between a young sailor be banned. As 1988 approaches, we programs broadcast into the Soviet That I live, in good health, have who later decides to follow his father want you to be aware that the Soviet Union since 1966. He currently broad­ acquired a family, and am preparing into a coal-mining career — a novice, government, through the Russian Or­ casts over Wor1d Harvest Radio Inter­ to be a coal miner you already now graduated to an apprentice — thodox Church, will use the Millennium national out of South Bend, Ind., and know..." and a relatively sophisticated man to impress foreign delegations while Trans wor1d Radio out of Monte Carlo The "embittered" protesters, the who quotes Mark Twain when at­ Ukrainians continue to be persecuted." with headquarters in New Jersey. article continued, would not let Mr. tacking U.S. authorities, and throws Dr. y'Edynak said she feels that a "There is no reason why more Ukrai­ Medvid alone even when he had in references to Hitler's Germany for Ukrainian presence at the event was nian groups could not broadcast in returned to hi^ native village in the good measure? The entire letter, as important and that Ukrainians succeed­ Ukrainian to Ukraine, except at S20O Sokaly Raion of the Lviv 0blast. cited in this report, was written in a ed in getting their message across. "This for half an hour, it is not cheap," said Consequently, Mr. Medvid wrote a professional style; in its Russian has been a great opportunity to inform Pastor Harbuziuk. ^ broadcasters who reach millions of letter to the editor of the New Orleans version, it appears both eloquent and Nicholas Leonovich, director of newspaper, the Lawrence Eagle defiantly satirical. people who are concerned about Chris­ tians everywhere. In light of the Russian radio ministries for the Slavic Gospel Tribune, in which he allegedly wrote Finally, was Medvid's change of Association and a panelist in a work­ that he was compelled, like Mark career voluntary? Orthodox Church's plans, it was essen­ tial that we present the truth, and we shop on international broadcasting, Twain, to declare that "rumors of my This writer does not expect to were able to do that by distributing agreed with Pastor Harbuziuk, adding, d'eath have been greatly exagge­ discover the answers to the second brochures like "Ukrainian Churches "People in the Soviet Union need to rated." and third questions. But they should Under Soviet Rule" by Bohdan Bociur- hear what the Bible has to say. Ukrai­ be raised nevertheless. After a11, it is He compared the "distortions of kiw anjd "The Ukrainian Orthodox nians in the West can help their own by. Izvestia that has regurgitated the truth" printed in that newspaper to Question in the USSR" by Frank supp6rting radio programs of the issue of Seaman-turned-coal-miner those of Hitlerite Fascism and main­ Sysyn, both published by the Harvard gospel in Ukrainian. All уош need is Medvid, and not the Western media. tained that the entire incident had Ukrainian Studies Fund, It is essential someone with a good voice and a con­ that we have high quality materials such temporary accent." Комітет Української Громади as these." The booth was a result of coopera­ Метрололітальної Філядепьфії - Відділ УАКРади r tion between the National Committee WHY TAX YOURSELR to Commemorate the Millennium of повідомляє, що Let experience work ,for you. Christianity in Ukraine, the Harvard в неділю, 8-ГО березня 1987 p., о год. 3:З0 по пол. MichaerZaplltny, EA, CFP Ukrainian Studies Fund, and Washing­ відбудеться FIRESIDE TAX CONSULTING tori Ukrainians from groups such as the 909 Union Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 11215 local Harvard Project Committee and свято в ПОШАНУ (718)622-15в0 The Washington Group, THE UKRAiNIAN MUSEUM ТАРАСА ШЕВЧЕНКА presents В авдиторії St. Basil Academy THE WORLD OF WILLIAM KURELEK при 711 Fox Chase Rd., Philadelphia, Pa. AN EXHIBITION OF PAINTINGS В ПРОГРАМI БЕРУТЬ УЧАСТЬ: Співочий ансамбль „ПРОМІНЬ" з Ню Йорку MARCH8-MAY3,1987 Святкове слово - МИКОЛА ФРАНЦУЖЕНКО The Ukrainian Musieum Скрипковий Ансамбль УМI 203 Second Avenue НАДЯ ЧЕМЕРИНСЬКА - сольо-спів, сопрано New York, NY. 10003 Ансамбль Бандуристів ,, ГОМІН СТЕПІВ" з Ню Йорку (212) 228-0110 До численної участи запрошується Громадянство міста Філядепьфії Wed. - Sun. 1-5 pm та околиці!

BOOK Релла. Anthracite Region UNA Branches will hold an ANNUAL DISTRICT COMMITTEE THE OTHER MEETING HOLOCAUST: Sunday, March 29, 1987 at 2 p.m. Scrafford Motei; corner зо9 - 54 Hwy. Hometown, Pa. 0ffjcers, Convention Delegates and Representatives of the following UNA Braaches Many Circles of Hell are invited to attend:

McAdoo, 7 Bemvick, 164, 33З By Bohdan Wytwycky Minersville, 78, 129, 265 Frackville, 242, 382 Mt. Carmel, 2 Freeland,429 Shamokin, 1 Lehighton, 389 Shenandoah, 98 Preface by Michael Novak Mahanoy City, 305 St. Clair, 9, 31, 228 This work brings together for the first time in English the sources which PROGRAM: document the systematic kitIing of millions of Polish, Ukrainian, Belorussian and 1. Opening Gypsy (Rom) civilians at the hands of the Nazis. Although the suffering of the 2. Election of presidium for annual meeting Jews under Hitler is well-known, the destruction of nine to ten million - or more 3. Minutes of preseeding meeting - Gypsy and Slavic civilians who were also singled out for annihilation for racial 4. Reports of District Committee Officers reasons is virtually unknown the United States. 5. Discussion on reports and acceptance 6. Election of District Comrnittee Officers The Other Holocaust: - S8.95 each. 7. Address of UNA Supreme Advisor, ANDREW KEYBIDA AVAILABLE ONLY THROUGH THE NOVAK REPORT: 8; Question and answer 9. Adoption of District Program for 1987 1400 Eye Street N.W., Suite 1150 10. Discussion and Resolutions Washington, D. C. 20005 11. Adjournment Ask about bookstore and large quantity orders. Meeting will be attended by "It is the first study ever to deal in an informed and level-headed manner with an issue of such great importance not only to Ukrainians, Poles and other Slavs, but also to Andrew Keybida, UNA supreme Advisor Jews..." J. Seder, Hon. Chairman T. ButrBy, Chairman, A. Sk)vik, Treasurer, H. Sk)vlk, Secretary The Ukrainian Weekly No.10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 1987 1S

demnation of the ABA-Soviet ties, the Task Force... ABA House of Delegates voted in Winnipeg... UNA Branch Meeting (Continued from page 3) August to reassess the ties in a vear. ?t (Continued from page 7) the South Florida Conference on Soviet the ABA's annual meeting in San on the historical record a detailed Francisco in August. Ukrainian National Associatioii - Jewry; Howard Cantor, treasurer of the account of precisely what the nature of Branch 423, Chicago, III. - Please be Union of Councils for Soviet Jews; The Task Force, based in Phoenix, Nazi rule in Ukraine was. This is an informed that UNA Branch 423 in Chicago Lillian Hoffman, leader of the Colo­ has termed "meritless" the ABA's claim irreplaceable loss and one for which the is having its Annual Meeting at the Senior rado Committee of Concern for Soviet that a formal agreement is necessary to blame must be squarely placed on the Citizen Center at 2355 W. Chicago Ave. Jewry; William J. Wolf, a lawyer affi- "talk with the Soviets." The Task Force political leadership of the Soviet at 1:00 p. m. lated with Arizona Action for Soviet contends the agreement's false claims Union," Dr. Luciuk concluded. Jewry; as well as Ms. Huntwork, the on behalf of the Soviets grant the ASL Your presence is manadatory. Dr. Luciuk is a post-doctoral fellow Julia Nazarewycz, secretary Arizona lawyer who with fellow Arizo- unwarranted legitimacy, worsening the at the University of Toronto. nan 0rest A. Jejna has led the opposi­ plight of Soviet victims. tion to the ABA-Soviet ties. The Association of Soviet Lawyers is Petro Hryhorovych... We have the long-awaited book in stock known to be one of the primary pub­ Robert Conquest: lishers of anti-Semitic and anti-human (Continued from page 7) rights propaganda in the USSR. During end in silence. Grigorenko speaks out THE HARVEST OF SORROW debate at the ABA's annual meeting in about Vladimir Bukovsky, a partici­ New York in August 1986, ABA spea­ pant in preparations for the first Soviet collectivization and the terror-famine kers conceded the ASL's prominent ro1e demonstration, then in a psychiatric New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1986, pages 412. in Soviet propaganda, comparing the hospital. The general concludes: "I Price S19.95. ASL to Goebbels' Propaganda Mi­ thank you all for coming here to pay This is the first full history of one of the most horrendous human tragedies of our century. nistry, its propaganda to Hitler's and your respects to the millions who The dekulakization, collectivisation and terror-famine of 1932-І933 of the peasants in the one of its officers, ASL Vice-President perished. Thank you for your sym­ Ukraine had a death toII higher than the total number of deaths for all e0ntries in the WorId WarI. Samuil Zivs, to an officer of the Ku pathy for prisoners of conscience!" Svoboda Book Store KIux K1an. In response the crowd cried: "We thank you." Ю Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.Y. 07302 Nevertheless, the formal document New Jersey residents add б% sales tax signed by the ABA describes the Soviet On behalf of the government of the group as pledged to "the rule of law" United States, we thank you, Gen. and to a list of laudable human-rights Grigorenko, for your great contribu­ objectives. In response to public con­ tion to the Helsinki process. UKRAINIAN INSTITUTE of AMERICA and The UNA: Insure and be sure UKRAINIAN ENGINEERS SOCIETY cordially invite you to attend a Conference on Chornobyl: Buffalo, N.Y. ONE YEAR AFTER UNA DISTRICT COMMITTEE Saturday, March 14,1987, 5:30 p.m. announces that Ukrainian institute of America 2 E. 79th St. New York, N. Y. 10021 ANNUAL DISTRICT COMMITTEE (212) 288-8660 MEETING Suggested donation: S8 00 Will be held THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Sunday, March 29, 1987 at 2:30 p.m. ANNOUNCES at the Ukrainian American Chric Center, inc. 2OS MHHary Rd.. BUFFALO. N.Y. AtI memb*rs of the District CommittM. ConVdition Dete|itts and Branch SCHOLARSHIP AWARDS Officers and Dtltfatts of the foHowin| Branches are rec|uested to attend: FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1987/88 40, 87, 127, 149, 299, 304 and 360 The scholarships are available to students at an accredited college or university, WHO HAVE BEEN MEMBERS OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR AT PROGRAM: LEAST TWO YEARS. Applicants are judged on the basis of scholastic record, fi­ 1. Opening nancial need and involvement in Ukrainian community and student life. Applica­ 2. Election of nrpsiriium for annual meeting tions are to be submitted no later than APRIL1, 1987. For application form write 3. Minutes of preceding meeting to: 4. Reports of District Committee Officers UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, Inc. 5. Discussion on reports and acceptance 6. Election of District Committee Officers 30 Montgomery Street a Jersey City, N. J. 07302 7. Address of UNA Supreme Vice President. DR. MYRON KUROPAS AnENTION! APPLICATIONS SUBMinED WITHOUT ALL REQUIRE0 DOCUMENTS АПАСНЕО WILL 8. Question and answer NOT BE REVIEWED BY THE <;0MMIПEE. 9. Adoption of District Program for 1987. 10. Discussion arid Resnlntions 11. Adjournment UKRAINIAN VARfETY HOUR Meeting will be attended by: in cooperation with M. Chychula and Associates Dr. Myron KurOpaS, UNA supreme Vice President presents Romari konotopskyj, President ш Wasyl Sywenky. Secretary m Maria Harawus, Treasurer UKRAINIAN DATING Ukrainian National Association SERVICE SEEKS TO HIRE computerized Experienced Including 25 cities across the U.S. and Canada INSURANCE AGENTS or GENERAL AGENTS ''MAKE A DATE WITH A UKIE MATE'' - fluent in Ukrainian and English: Write or call: for Chicago, New York, Toronto, Philadelphia, New Jersey, UKRAINIAN DATING SERVICE Up-state New York and New England areas - 2224 West Chicago Avenue, Chicago, III. 60622 to build and direct agent systems in region. (312) 342-68І8, (312) 276З747

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H.P. Floyd, National Sales Director Name Ukrainian National Association, Inc. 30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07302 Address Tel.: (201) 451-2200 State or Province 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MARCH 8,1987 No.10

Survivors'... was detained in Ayalon Prison. He said Ukramian presence at trial that since March 3, 1986, the team, During this third week of the Dem­ PREVIEW (Continued from page 9) which he headed, had met with Mr. janjuk trial, the only Ukrainian pre­ able to describe this guard, and the Demjanjuk more than 20 times. sence at the trial was that of an ob­ OF EVENTS witness replied, yes, if he was to see a The interrogations were conducted in server, who wishes to remain anony­ Ukrainian (except for the first time, March 12 photograph of him. And, have you seen mous, attending the proceedings on his photo, when? the defense attorney when the questioning was in English), as behalf of UNCHAIN (Ukrainian Na­ ROCHESTER: A panel presenta­ asked. The answer: yesterday. In trans­ a member of the team spoke in Ukrai­ tion on **The Contemporary Agenda tional Center: History and 1nformation lation, however, the response was lost. nian. All Mr. Demjanjuk's statements Network). of Ukrainians in Diaspora'' will be Mr. O'Connor again asked the same were recorded, and Mr. Demjanjuk held at 7-9 p.m. at Irondequoit High At week's end, however, it was question and this time the response was: refused to sign anything. The suspect learned that UNCHAIN was funding School, 260 Cooper Road, in the "long ago." was asked by the interrogators to write Large Group Instruction Center. For the two-week stay of another observer, The witness raised further doubts down his biography and this Mr. Dem­ Roman Kupchinsky, who was to leave information call Valentina Mako- about his credibility when in response to janjuk did. There were minor discrepan­ hon, (716) 467-6114. Featured spea­ for Israel on Sunday, March 8. questions he forgot details and gave cies, regarding the amount of time spent 1n addition, a Canadian delegation kers: Prof. Taras Hunczak of Rut­ obviously incorrect answers. It also in various places by Mr. Demjanjuk, gers University, Christina Isajiw of from the Civil Liberties Commission of appeared that Mr. Boraks forgot between the written biography and oral the Ukrainian Canadian Committee is the Wor1d Congress of Free Ukrai­ answers to questions he had been asked statements made by the suspect, he nians Human Rights Commission to leave Toronto on Monday, March 9, only seconds earlier. For example, in reported. Mr. Demjanjuk was also for a 10-day visit to 1srael. The group's and Dr. James E. Mace of the U.S. answer to the question how did you photographed while in prison, he said. Commission on the Ukraine Famine. purpose, according to Yury Boshyk, a travel to Florida for the 1984 denatura- Mr. Ish-Shalom revealed that one of historian and private consultant from lization hearing of Feodor Fedorenko, the guards assigned beginning on April March 13 - 15 Toronto who is one 0fits members, is to Mr. Boraks answered, by train. Judge 22, 1986, to watch Mr. Demjanjuk was establish contacts with 1sraeli col­ PARMA, Ohio: Branch 12 of the DoV Levin phrased the question in a actually a poUce officer, Aria Kaplan, leagues in their respective professional Ukrainian National Women's League slightly different manner, asking from whose goal was to establish a rapport fields, to monitor developments at the of Ате! ica will host an e^ibit by where did you travel to Florida? Mr. with the prisoner and to record his Demjanjuk trial and to meet with the Philadelphia artist Andrij/ Maday, Boraks answered, from Katowice. The observations. All of Mr. Demjanjuk's Demjanjuk defense. The 1sraeli Consu­ "Graphics and Painting," at St. judge repeated his question, and this letters to the outside were screened by late in Toronto is helping the group Josaphat's Astrodome, 5720 State time the response was, from Czesto- Mr. Kaplan and given to the prosecu­ establish contacts. Road, in the UNWLA Room. Open­ chowa. Mr. Boraks has lived in Israel tion. Other members of the delegation are ing reception with the artist will be since the end of Wor1d War П. The witness also testified that Mr. Bohdan Onyschuk, a lawyer and mem­ held on Friday, March 13, at 7 p.m. Mr. O'Connor said during his cross­ Demjanjuk had told the interrogators ber of the Ukrainian Famine Research Additional exhibit hours will be on examination that officials at Vad Va- that he had not revealed his service in Committee, and Danylo Struk, a pro­ Saturday, March 14, 9:30 a.m. - 5 shem had found in 1967 that Mr. the VIas0V Army for fear of repatria­ fessor at the University of Toronto who p.m.; Sunday, March 15,9:30 a.m. - 4 Boraks was **very confused" when tion and possible death upon his return is involved in the Ukrainian Encyclo­ p.m. For more information, call giving testimony, and had, therefore, to the USSR. Mr. Ish-Shalom mis­ pedia project. Also traveUng with the (216) 526-686З or 659-475З. |У decided not to take his statement. At the takenly referred to the VIas0V Army as a group, though paying his own way, will time Mr. Boraks could not even remem­ Ukrainian division. be Jewish activist Alexander Epstein of March 14 ber the name of his younger son who The police commander noted that the Toronto. had been killed at Treblinka. That day suspect had declined to answer ques­ PHILADELPHIA: Oksana Kerch Meanwhile, the Canadian defense Mr. Boraks could not even recall tions about two towns near Treblinka, fund for John Demjanjuk, which has will be honored for 50^ years of testifying, before Yad Vashem officials. saying, you want to place me at Tre­ already raised some S120,00O, has literary achievement and community Other inconsistencies between Mr. blinka. service at a luncheon at 4 p.m. at attracted considerable TV and print Boraks' recollections and those of Mr. Ish-Shalom said Mr. Demjanjuk news media attention. The fund is Christ the King Parish Hall. The previous witnesses became evident told investigators, **If 1 had been at ^yent is sponsored by the Women's coordinated by Toronto businessman during the cross-examination. Mr. Treblinka, I would only have been and philanthropist Peter Jacyk. Assdciation i6r the befense of Four Boraks said the guards at Treblinka following orders. There was a war going Freeibms for Ukraine. wore green uniforms, others said they on; there were no choices." Bishop Antony interviewed had worn b1ack. In response to a During Mr. Ish-Shalom's testimony, March 15 question about the Gernian guard the prosecution introduced into evi­ The Jerusalem Post on February 24 carried the following report on Bishop NEW YORK: "An Evening with Lalka, Mr. Boraks said he did remem­ dence some 50 documents, ranging ber such a person and that he had a from Mr. Demjanjuk's applications for Antony's presence in 1srael during the Iryna Ratushynska" will begin at 4 first week of the trial. p.m. at the Ukrainian Institute of horse. Mr. Czarny said Lalka had a dog. a visa to enter the United States, his Prosecutor Michael Shaked asked at U.S. citizenship application, photos of **1 believe in John Demjanjuk's in­ America, 2 E. 79th St. The event will nocence," the Rt. Rev. Antony, New focus on the recently freed poet's one point, **If you said something to the Demjanjuk family that had ap­ (Israeli) investigators in 1976 and peared in a Cleveland newspaper, to York bishop of the Ukrainian Ortho­ works and her struggle for human dox Church, told The Jerusalem Post at rights in the USSR. something else today, which should we transcripts of the interrogators' talks rely on?" His answer: '*1976, sir, I with Mr. Demjanjuk. Also introduced the trial last week. He said that he had think." was the Trawniki ID card, which, Mr. met Demjanjuk through his pastor in STAMFORD, Conn.: Branch 15 of Judge Levin finally interrupted the Ish-Shalom said, was obtained from Cleveland and that he was convinced of the Ukrainian National Women's defense's questioning long before the Soviet authorities through the good his good character and that the case was League of America will sponsor a day's session was due to end, asking if offices of Armand Hammer. one of mistaken identity. Taras Shevchenko commemorative there were further questions. Mr. In reference to this Trawniki ID card, Bishop Antony said that he was program featuring a s1ide presenta­ O'Connor replied that he has many Mr. Ish-Shalom reported that Mr. satisfied with the conduct of the trial so tion and local performers at St. more questions but, taking into account Demjanjuk had said of the photograph far, but that he objected to the opening Volodymyr Church Hall, 24 Wenzel the situation and the witness's severe on it: It is impossible it is me, because at statement, which had seemed a blanket Terrace, beginning at 4 p.m. Admis­ memory lapses, he feels further cross­ that time I had plenty of hair. So, if that indictment of the Ukrainian people. sion is free. examination would be a waste of va­ photo is me, it must have been taken at **1 can't conceive of us as a nation luable time. the time I was drafted into the Soviet persecuting the Jews," the fourth­ March29 Army; that is the only time 1 had so little generation American said. He recalled that in the famine created by Stalin in TRENTON, N.J.: St. George's U- Israeli policeman's testimony hair. the 1930s about 8 million Ukrainians krainian Orthodox Church Schoo1ls The defense had time during the had lost their lives. During Wor1d War having its annual Taras Shevchenko The prosecution's final witness during week's concluding session for only one 11 a further 6 million of the 45 million concert at the church hall, 839 Allen­ the third week of the trial was Assistant question. Mr. O'Connor asked where had died. town Road in the Yardville section of Commander Alex Ish-Shalom of the the team of investigators had been Asked about fund-raising to pay for Hamilton Township, starting at National Unit for Criminal Investiga­ active, and learned that it had been to Demjanjuk's defense, Bishop Antony noon. For more information call tion, Israeli Police. In testimony on the United States, Belgium, France and said that it fell far short of his expec­ (609) 585-1094. Thursday, March 5, Mr. Ish-Shalom Germany in addition to 1srael. It had spoke at length about interrogations of not gone to Poland or the Soviet Union. tations. **But 1'm not closely concerned ONGOING Mr. Demjanjuk conducted by a six-man Cross-examination of Mr. 1sh-Sha­ with that; my interest is pastoral," he team of investigators while the suspect lom will resume on Monday, March 9. said. CHICAGO: ODUM is hosting a When asked of his impression of the festival of films to be held on four 1sraeli public, Bishop Antony said he consecutive weekends in March and Troy to dedicate Shevchenko Place had been deeply hurt when a stranger April. All films will be shown at 1 and called him a '*Nazi." The damage was 3 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays at TROY, N. V.-The dedicationof Taras by Wasyl Bodnar. largely repaired, however, when another the ODUM Building, 2116 W. Chi­ Shevchenko Place, on the corner of The idea of a memorial to Shev­ stranger quietly placed a conciliatory cago Ave. Starting on March 14-15 Third and Fourth streets here, will take chenko, the poet laureate of Ukraine, hand on his shoulder. "Zemlia" and "Ivan Frank0" will be place on Sunday, March 15, at 1 p.m. was introduced to Steven G. Dworsky, The Ukrainian Orthodox Church has shown, followed by "Idu Do Tebe" The city manager and other local Troy City manager, by Mr. Bodnar, about 150,000 members in the U.S., the and "Tragedy of Carpathian U- dignitaries are expected to take part. vice-president of the Ukrainian Con­ bishop said. kraine" on March 21-22. On March After a brief ceremony at the site, a gress Committee of America, Troy 28-29, "01eksa Dovbush" and "Po- reception and concert will be held at the Branch. Information in this news story about vernennia Butterfly" will be shown, Ukrainian Hall, 391 Second St. A resolution was passed by the Troy the court proceedings was phoned in and on April 4-5 "Kaminiy Khrest" The dedication ceremonies are being City Council on January 8 to erect this from Jerusalem by an observer for and "Lisova Pisnia" will be screened. coordinated by the Taras Shevchenko memorial at the triangular intersection UNCHAIN (Ukrainian National Cen­ Memorial Committee of Troy, chaired of Third and Fourth streets. ter: History and Information Network).