People need arms to Disarmament is 43% 52% provide their own security needed for security Unchanged Early or forced marriages happen Early or forced marriages are meant to 17% 81% 14% because of a need for cows (dowry) protect girls from violence or danger Unchanged Improved My community relies on police My community relies on local armed 38% 1% 35% 64% Worsened presence to provide security youth to provide protection and security 57% Worsened Security forces should be recruited from Security forces should be recruited from out- 81% 54% 45% Improved within our community because they know us side our community as they do not take sides 3% It is important for civilians to meet with local Meetings with civilians, local government government & organized forces to advocate 80% 14% & organized forces will not result in Bor South Twic East for better protection in this community better protection in this community (N = 319) (N = 144)

16-30 yrs 31-45 yrs 46-65 yrs 66+ 98% 35% 36% 27% 3% AGE Percentage of respondents Police 65% 22% 13%

78%

observing increased flooding

National army 70% 19% 11% “I generally do not feel 99% Dinka safe from violence

Households reporting at Local armed youth 78% 12% 10% or crime in my ETHNICITY GENDER 37% 63% 1% Other least one security threat in community” 68% the previous year UNMISS 34% 35% 31% Farmer 28% Good Just OK Bad

Domestic work in own house 16% (percentage of all 777 incidents)

Student 13% 33% Cattle raiding

Improved governance at the national level 74%

Unemployed 12%

23% Killing or murder Economic development 65% Cattle keeping 11% Improved community relations 43% 13% Robbery Wage labor 10% Implementation national peace agreement 36%

OCCUPATION Civilian disarmament 30% 8% Assault or beating Improved governance at the local level 12%

Improved food security 7% 6% Abduction or kidnapping Better functioning formal security forces 6%

Households that contacted Better access to basic services 5% Households displaced someone to resolve the Social change regarding cattle and dowry 4% incident (N = 467) and were within the last seven years 75% Other 5% 65% due to insecurity not satisfied with the outcome 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% For more information about PAX or the Human Security Survey in , please visit The HUMAN SECURITY SURVEY (HSS) is a methodology developed by PAX to collect data and facilitate dialogue about civilians’ experiences and perceptions in www.protectionofcivilians.org situations of conflict. The purpose is to increase the understanding of local security or contact Anton Quist dynamics and trends; enhance the ‘claim-making capacity’ of civilians to identify ([email protected]). their priorities and hold security providers and decision-makers accountable; and On our website, you can view all enable international stakeholders to design and implement protection activities that HSS data collected since 2016 in reflect local priorities and experiences using evidence-based advocacy. South Sudan and Iraq on our interactive dashboards.

Over the span of three weeks, 8 enumerators conducted 468 In February 2020, the ten states system of governance was face-to-face interviews in Jonglei, using a standardized reinstituted in South Sudan, in which consists survey instrument and script. One selection criterium of of 11 counties. The enumerators surveyed 4 payams in Twic enumerators was English proficiency, as they were East County (Ajuong, , Nyuak, and Pakeer) and 6 responsible for forward-backward translation of the English payams in Bor South County (Anyidi, Baidit, Bor Town, Jalle, questionnaire to the local language during the interviews. , and Makuach). These areas were selected in Other criteria related to the diversity of the team, as well as cooperation with local partners on the basis of physical technical and ethical competencies. Additionally, in security and geographical access. Based on these consider- response to the COVID-19 pandemic, several measures were ations, to which the COVID-19 pandemic was added, it was taken to minimize the risk of infection during the decided not to include in this survey round. enumerator training and data collection, such as the use of Within the areas, households and individual respondents face masks, regular hand disinfection, no hand shaking, and were selected using an approximately random procedure to Disclaimer: These maps are intended for illustrative purposes only and do not warrant accuracy or maintaining 2 meters distance at all times. allow for some generalizability of the HSS results. completeness. Nor does it imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of PAX.